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Investigations on the marine current regime in the maritime port of Constanta and its adjacent areas 康斯坦察海港及其邻近地区洋流状况调查
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-014
E. Vlasceanu
The aim of this work is to analyse the marine currents distribution within Constanta port and its vicinity areas, in order to evaluate the impacts on port operations and coastal system as well. The currents propagation into the port basin and adjacent areas were the subject of ADCP measurements in relation with the incident waves and sea level variations. Certain experiments and special conditions were considered such as storm surges, storm induced currents, seiches propagation into the port basin, specific marine currents around the port jetties, and the influence of vertical water movements.
这项工作的目的是分析康斯坦察港及其附近地区的洋流分布,以评估对港口运营和沿海系统的影响。在ADCP测量中,海流的传播与入射波和海平面的变化有关。考虑了风暴潮、风暴流、港口盆地内的淤塞传播、港口防波堤周围的特定海流、垂直水运动的影响等实验和特殊条件。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the New Type City Lines Passenger Ship in terms of Energy Efficiency 新型城市航线客船能效研究
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-009
A. Tokuslu
Energy efficiency in ships is a practice that purposes to reduce CO2 gas emissions and reduce worldwide environmental pollution by using less fossil oils, less greenhouse gas releases. This practice requires technical measures to be taken on new ships and new systems (machines, propellers, etc.) in order to make new ships more energy efficient. In this study, one of the newly built passenger ship that used in transportation in the Istanbul Strait was analyzed in terms of energy efficiency performance, the energy efficiency design index (EEDI) was calculated and the applicable measures to reduce CO2 exhaust gas emissions were presented. In the calculations, it was investigated whether the ship meets the energy efficiency criteria as planned. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that the ship is an energy efficient ship and complies with IMO standards. Measures were specified to increase the ship’s energy efficiency.
船舶能效是一种旨在通过减少化石油的使用、减少温室气体的排放来减少二氧化碳气体排放和减少全球环境污染的做法。这种做法要求对新船舶和新系统(机器、螺旋桨等)采取技术措施,以提高新船舶的能源效率。在本研究中,对伊斯坦布尔海峡一艘用于运输的新建客轮的能效性能进行了分析,计算了能效设计指标(EEDI),并提出了减少CO2废气排放的适用措施。在计算中,调查了该船是否符合计划的能效标准。分析结果表明,该船是一艘节能船,符合海事组织的标准。规定了提高船舶能源效率的措施。
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引用次数: 1
An Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Defence System 无人水下航行器防御系统
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-002
M. Rogobete
Nowadays, military threats are very close to us and cover terrestrial, aerial, and maritime attacks. This research defines a submarine defence system capable of monitoring and controlling a certain perimeter, based on submersible drones known as Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUV) and a grid of stations fixed to the seabed, which provides positioning acoustic signals as well as full-duplex digital communication using underwater acoustic modems. The novelty is the proposed 3D grid system with each Positioning Grid Element (PGE) being an Ultra-Short Baseline (USBL) low or medium operating range device and the processing
如今,军事威胁离我们很近,涵盖了陆地、空中和海上袭击。这项研究定义了一种能够监测和控制特定周边的潜艇防御系统,该系统基于被称为无人水下航行器(UUV)的潜水无人机和固定在海床上的工作站网格,该系统提供定位声学信号以及使用水下声学调制解调器的全双工数字通信。新颖之处在于所提出的3D网格系统,每个定位网格元素(PGE)都是超短基线(USBL)低或中等工作范围设备
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of the naval ventilation systems using experimental measurements and numerical simulations 用实验测量和数值模拟优化舰船通风系统
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-011
O. Volintiru
n recent decades, a multitude of numerical methods has been developed to support analytical and experimental research, optimizing and adding value to them, through a low cost compared to the experiment and a short time to obtain results. The Ansys Fluent program allows the visualization of the various curves and the values of all the parameters that define the phenomenon studied in this paper, respectively the ventilation of the ship machinery compartment. The comparison of the results obtained in the simulation program with the results of the measurements carried out on a real ventilation system on board the ship leads to certain aspects regarding the optimization of this type of system. Thus, the air behaviour on the ventilation system of the machinary compartment, where the ventilation requirement is quite high, can be studied with numerical calculation methods using a computer modelling program and the results can be validated by a scale experiment 1:1 on board the ship. This leads to conclusive results on optimizing the entire system.
近几十年来,人们开发了大量的数值方法来支持分析和实验研究,并通过与实验相比成本低、获得结果时间短的方式对其进行优化和增值。Ansys Fluent程序可以将本文所研究的船舶机舱通风现象的各种曲线和所有参数的值可视化。将仿真程序中得到的结果与在船上实际通风系统上进行的测量结果进行比较,可以在某些方面对这类系统进行优化。因此,在通风要求相当高的机舱通风系统中,可以使用计算机模拟程序用数值计算方法进行研究,并可以通过1:1的船上比例实验来验证结果。这导致了优化整个系统的结论性结果。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation of protection functions in LV shipboard electrical power systems 船舶低压电力系统保护功能仿真
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-001
L. Pană
The basic function of a shipboard electric power systems is to supply all consumers, both essential and non-essential, with electrical energy, as economically as possible and with an acceptable degree of quality. A shipboard electrical power system comprises three principal subsystems: generation (naval power plant-island mode plant), distribution and protection and automation. During operation all these subsystems may be affected by faults. In this aim all electrical installations on shipboards are to be protected against over-currents due to short- circuits or accidental overloads. The new ABB air circuit-breakers Emax 2 and Tmax T series can be used both as main circuit-breaker in low voltage generation and distribution systems. In addition to protection, the new air ABB circuit-breakers offer possibility of communication which are particularly suitable for automation, control, measurements, grid analysis, and energy savings. ABB Relays are high-performance electronic units for these circuit breakers. Their basic function is to monitor and protect the electric systems against fault current. The units also includes: measuring, data storage, communication, self-test, load control and zone selectivity functions for these circuit-breakers. This paper presents the analysis of protections and simulates how to trigger protections within shipboard power systems.
船上电力系统的基本功能是为所有必要和非必要的用户提供尽可能经济且质量可接受的电能。船上电力系统包括三个主要子系统:发电(海军发电厂岛式发电厂)、配电和保护以及自动化。在运行过程中,所有这些子系统都可能受到故障的影响。为此,船上的所有电气装置都应受到保护,以防短路或意外过载造成的过电流。新型ABB空气断路器Emax 2和Tmax T系列可同时用作低压发电和配电系统的主断路器。除了保护之外,ABB新型空气断路器还提供了通信的可能性,特别适用于自动化、控制、测量、电网分析和节能。ABB继电器是用于这些断路器的高性能电子装置。它们的基本功能是监测和保护电气系统免受故障电流的影响。这些单元还包括:测量、数据存储、通信、自检、负载控制和这些断路器的区域选择功能。本文对船用电力系统中的保护进行了分析,并模拟了如何触发保护。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative study of the safety of two tugboats using new harmonized stability rules 采用新统一稳定规则的两艘拖船的安全性比较研究
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-013
M. Pricop
Tugboat operations present a high degree of risk and to prevent accidents, the crew must know and manage very well all the necessary maneuvers. Stability is a critical aspect for the safety of tugboats and towing operations, so recently new international regulations have been developed. The tugboats perform several functions, the main one being pulling, but by being equipped with certain equipment and installations, the tugboats are intended for rescue, firefighting, depollution, ice breaking and occasional transport. For this study, two categories of tugboats were considered to determine the geometric characteristics, hydrostatic, of stability and longitudinal strength. The Modelmaker module is used to create the ship's body (Geometry File), the superstructure and all appendages, after which the compartmentation is created and the types of compartments and tanks are positioned in the ship's body. To determine the safety of the two tugboats from the point of view of stability, the heeling moment (the heeling arm) that occurs during towing with the righting arm was checked. At the end, the safety status of the two categories of tugboats was analyzed and new projects were proposed for the future, regarding the use of stability criteria for tugboats.
拖船操作具有很高的风险,为了防止事故发生,船员必须非常了解和管理所有必要的操作。稳定性是拖船和拖带作业安全的一个关键方面,因此最近制定了新的国际法规。拖船有几个功能,主要的功能是拖船,但通过配备某些设备和装置,拖船可以用于救援、消防、净化、破冰和偶尔的运输。在这项研究中,考虑了两类拖船来确定其几何特性,静水稳定性和纵向强度。Modelmaker模块用于创建船体(几何文件)、上层建筑和所有附件,然后创建隔舱,并在船体中定位隔舱和油箱的类型。为了从稳定性的角度确定两艘拖船的安全性,对右臂拖曳时发生的倾侧力矩(倾侧臂)进行了检查。最后,对两类拖船的安全现状进行了分析,并就拖船稳定性准则的应用提出了今后的发展方向。
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引用次数: 0
Approach of using a system of evaluation indicators in determining the efficiency of ships in the Danube shipping 使用评价指标体系确定多瑙河航运船舶效率的方法
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-008
T. Tarasenko
In modern conditions, there is an active interest in continuing research to reduce harmful emissions of marine engine exhaust gases into the atmosphere and prepare ships for the use of technologies with zero level of these emissions. It is known that the European Green Deal concept announced by the European Union is aimed not only at the modernization of the inland vessels, and coordinated qualitative change in its composition, but within this framework also at the large-scale implementation of the energy transition as the most effective way to achieve zero emissions into the atmosphere. At the same time, environmental aspects and issues of energy efficiency are considered as a complex task of transition to energy efficient eco-navigation. To date, for the European inland navigation participants, the stages of reducing harmful emissions into the atmosphere are clearly defined and regulated with established numerical standard (reference) values for each of the components (CO, HC, NOx, PM). As for energy efficiency, discussions are still ongoing at the international level about the advisability of introducing criteria according to the principle established by the International Maritime Organization for ships based on the specific mass of harmful emissions (in terms of CO2) per unit of transport work. At the same time, there is an understanding of the specifics of navigation conditions and technologies for transporting goods, which makes us return to comparing energy efficiency and economy indicators. The team of authors made an attempt to find and offer the most comprehensive approach to assessing the energy efficiency and economy of the inland navigation vessels operation, in particular for Danube vessels, with the maximum possible consideration of the features of their operation. An integrated approach to the use of estimated indicators of the efficiency of the existing pushers with heavy convoys allows to achieve an increase in the energy efficiency of the operation of the existing fleet, as well as lead to an improvement in environmental indicators.
在现代条件下,人们对继续研究减少船用发动机废气向大气中的有害排放,并为船舶使用零排放技术做好准备非常感兴趣。众所周知,欧盟宣布的欧洲绿色协议概念不仅旨在实现内陆船只的现代化,并协调其组成的质的变化,而且在这一框架内,还旨在大规模实施能源转型,将其作为实现大气零排放的最有效途径。同时,环境方面和能源效率问题被认为是向节能生态导航过渡的一项复杂任务。到目前为止,对于欧洲内陆航行参与者来说,减少有害排放到大气中的阶段是明确定义和规定的,每个成分(CO、HC、NOx、PM)都有既定的数字标准(参考)值。关于能源效率,国际一级仍在讨论是否应该根据国际海事组织为船舶制定的原则,根据每单位运输工作有害排放物的具体质量(以二氧化碳计)制定标准。与此同时,我们对航行条件和货物运输技术的具体情况有了了解,这使我们回到比较能源效率和经济指标上来。作者团队试图找到并提供最全面的方法来评估内河航运船只运营的能源效率和经济性,特别是多瑙河船只,同时尽可能多地考虑其运营特点。采用综合方法使用现有重型车队的推手效率估计指标,可以提高现有车队的能源效率,并改善环境指标。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical evaluation of the behavior of a plate on impact with a rigid projectile using Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics method 用光滑粒子流体动力学方法数值评估板与刚性弹丸碰撞时的行为
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-007
C. Adetu
Modern materials strength calculations, even if applied to classical problems of the theory of elasticity or plasticity, cannot be conceived without the use of numerical calculation methods and material models. This situation is a direct consequence of the progress made in the field of computers, both in the field of hardware and software. This article presents the numerical evaluation of the behavior of a plate on impact with a rigid projectile using Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics method and is shown the evolution of the impact with its effects (deformation with perforation of the plate). Also, an analize of the varıatıon of the kinetic energy of the bullet and bullet velocity over time are presented.
现代材料强度计算,即使应用于弹性或塑性理论的经典问题,如果不使用数值计算方法和材料模型,也无法进行构思。这种情况是计算机领域在硬件和软件领域取得进展的直接结果。本文采用光滑粒子流体力学方法对板与刚性弹丸碰撞时的行为进行了数值评估,并显示了碰撞的演变及其影响(板穿孔变形)。此外,还分析了子弹动能和子弹速度随时间的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Study of the risk assessment quality dependence on the ships accidents analysis 船舶事故分析风险评估质量依赖性研究
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-015
O. Melnyk
Safety is undoubtedly a qualitative basis for the efficient functioning of maritime transport. Particularly important is safety of shipping, freight and passenger transportation. The impetuous growth of ship quantity, increase of their movement along the sea ways as well as the factors of external environment influence underline the necessity to consider the problem of shipping safety as the most priority and actual one in the focus of consideration of the current state and tendencies of the shipping development. As the statistics shows, the main reason of marine accidents are breakdown, damages or failure of engines and equipment. They account for over a third of all recorded cases over the past ten years. The same reason has led in recent years to the most expensive insurance payments, amounting to impressive sums. This explains why risk assessment as a structured process of analysing the consequences and probabilities of dangerous situations is an effective tool for achieving safety goals. The aim of this research is to study the peculiarities of risk assessment process and compare the quality of execution of this process with the accident rate of the world trading fleet. The causes of accident consequences have been systematized, pointing to the fact that seafarers could have prevented most accidents if they had paid proper attention to conducting a risk assessment of the operation, especially the impact of certain elements of the human factor.
安全无疑是海运有效运作的质量基础。特别重要的是航运、货运和客运的安全。船舶数量的急剧增长、沿海移动的增加以及外部环境影响的因素,都突出了在考虑航运发展现状和趋势的重点中,必须将航运安全问题视为最优先和最实际的问题。据统计,船舶事故的主要原因是发动机和设备的故障、损坏或失效。在过去十年中,他们占所有记录在案的病例的三分之一以上。同样的原因导致了近年来最昂贵的保险支付,金额惊人。这就解释了为什么风险评估作为一个分析危险情况的后果和概率的结构化过程,是实现安全目标的有效工具。本研究的目的是研究风险评估过程的特点,并将该过程的执行质量与世界贸易船队的事故率进行比较。事故后果的原因已经系统化,指出如果海员适当注意对作业进行风险评估,特别是人为因素的某些因素的影响,他们本可以预防大多数事故。
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引用次数: 3
Turbocharger breakdown investigation 涡轮增压器故障调查
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-012
D. Popov
The internal combustion engine (ICE) turbocharger plays an important role in ensuring the continuous and stable power of the diesel engine as well as in reducing the environmental impact of exhaust emissions. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the symptoms of damage and the cause of damage of turbocharger. The case is a container vessel on which the turbocharger is damaged in “Full Ahead” mode. Engine and turbocharger parameters were collected and analysed prior to failure. The parameters of the engine and the turbocharger after repair of the turbocharger are collected and summarized. In the publication is presented a report of repair work performed on the damaged turbocharger. The relevant conclusions have been made.
内燃机(ICE)涡轮增压器在确保柴油发动机的持续稳定功率以及减少废气排放对环境的影响方面发挥着重要作用。本文的目的是对涡轮增压器的损坏症状和损坏原因进行综述。该案例是一艘集装箱船,其涡轮增压器在“全速前进”模式下损坏。发动机和涡轮增压器参数在发生故障前进行了收集和分析。对涡轮增压器修理后的发动机和涡轮增压器的参数进行了收集和总结。该出版物中介绍了对损坏的涡轮增压器进行维修的报告。相关结论已经得出。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy
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