Pub Date : 2025-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.indic.2025.100598
Lilik Sugiharti , Sharmin Akter , Mihir Kumar Das , Dulal Chandra Pattak , Miguel Angel Esquivias , Salma Akter
This study uses a stochastic impact model based on population, wealth, and technology to examine carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region from 1990 to 2021. To investigate the long-term and short-term interactions between energy and the environment, this study applies the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) methodology as the baseline regression. The Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) approach shows the complexities of the impacts of economic activities, development, technology, and population growth on environmental quality. The findings suggest that expanding renewable energy consumption and increasing the role of nuclear energy in electricity generation, are significant strategies for reducing CO₂ in ASEAN countries. The CCEMG findings suggest that CO₂ emissions are negatively correlated to the use of fossil fuels. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square tests demonstrated that CO2 emissions decreased with more use of renewable and nuclear energy sources. However, economic growth, population expansion, and increasing energy intensity have significantly contributed to the persistent rise of CO₂ emissions across the region. This research highlights the necessity of diversifying the energy mix, improving energy efficiency, and redesigning economic and demographic development paths to enhance environmental standards in ASEAN.
{"title":"Population dynamics, economic growth, energy mix, and environmental pollution in ASEAN: Exploring the role of renewable, nuclear, and nonrenewable energy using the CCEMG approach","authors":"Lilik Sugiharti , Sharmin Akter , Mihir Kumar Das , Dulal Chandra Pattak , Miguel Angel Esquivias , Salma Akter","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study uses a stochastic impact model based on population, wealth, and technology to examine carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region from 1990 to 2021. To investigate the long-term and short-term interactions between energy and the environment, this study applies the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) methodology as the baseline regression. The Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) approach shows the complexities of the impacts of economic activities, development, technology, and population growth on environmental quality. The findings suggest that expanding renewable energy consumption and increasing the role of nuclear energy in electricity generation, are significant strategies for reducing CO₂ in ASEAN countries. The CCEMG findings suggest that CO₂ emissions are negatively correlated to the use of fossil fuels. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square tests demonstrated that CO<sub>2</sub> emissions decreased with more use of renewable and nuclear energy sources. However, economic growth, population expansion, and increasing energy intensity have significantly contributed to the persistent rise of CO₂ emissions across the region. This research highlights the necessity of diversifying the energy mix, improving energy efficiency, and redesigning economic and demographic development paths to enhance environmental standards in ASEAN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100598"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oil spills present a significant challenge to global environmental sustainability, potentially impacting biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In the Niger Delta, where crude oil production plays an important role in both local and national economies, oil spills have the potential to impact habitats and threaten local biodiversity negatively. This study aims to improve our understanding of the impact of crude oil spills on bird communities in the Niger Delta region, with a particular focus on species richness, diversity, and functional traits. We found that bird species richness and diversity were significantly lower at impacted sites compared to reference areas. Furthermore, our findings revealed a clear distinction in bird community structure, with generalist species prevailing in spill-affected areas, while specialist species exhibited lower abundance. Our findings also indicate a significant reduction in functional diversity, as indicated by functional richness and Rao's entropy, in spill-impacted habitats. This suggests a loss of critical ecological functions such as pollination, seed dispersal, and pest control. Our study highlights the cascading effects of oil spills on ecosystem services provided by birds, which are vital for human well-being. This research fills a critical gap in understanding the ecological consequences of oil spills on avian communities within the oil-rich Niger Delta area in tropical Africa. The findings underscore the urgent need for effective conservation strategies and policy measures to mitigate the environmental impacts of oil spills and protect biodiversity in the Niger Delta.
{"title":"Assessing the ecological consequences of crude oil spills on bird communities in an Afrotropical landscape","authors":"Iniunam Aniefiok Iniunam, Talatu Tende, Adams Adamanyiwa Chaskda","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil spills present a significant challenge to global environmental sustainability, potentially impacting biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In the Niger Delta, where crude oil production plays an important role in both local and national economies, oil spills have the potential to impact habitats and threaten local biodiversity negatively. This study aims to improve our understanding of the impact of crude oil spills on bird communities in the Niger Delta region, with a particular focus on species richness, diversity, and functional traits. We found that bird species richness and diversity were significantly lower at impacted sites compared to reference areas. Furthermore, our findings revealed a clear distinction in bird community structure, with generalist species prevailing in spill-affected areas, while specialist species exhibited lower abundance. Our findings also indicate a significant reduction in functional diversity, as indicated by functional richness and Rao's entropy, in spill-impacted habitats. This suggests a loss of critical ecological functions such as pollination, seed dispersal, and pest control. Our study highlights the cascading effects of oil spills on ecosystem services provided by birds, which are vital for human well-being. This research fills a critical gap in understanding the ecological consequences of oil spills on avian communities within the oil-rich Niger Delta area in tropical Africa. The findings underscore the urgent need for effective conservation strategies and policy measures to mitigate the environmental impacts of oil spills and protect biodiversity in the Niger Delta.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100600"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.indic.2025.100604
Yifan Zhu, Min Zhou
Currently, land use simulation and optimization show a trend towards spatialization and intelligence. However, regional land use simulation and optimization often neglects the inherent uncertainty of the land use system and the actual impacts of land use practices on the ecological environment. Therefore, this study established a coupled land use simulation and optimization model based on ecosystem services and economic development, which integrates the ecosystem service evaluation model (InVEST), the interval uncertainty optimization model, and the spatial layout model of land use (PLUS), to simulate and optimize the land use allocation planning practice of Dongting Lake Ecological and Economic Zone in 2030. The objective of the coupled model is to aim at realizing regional ecological benefits and socio-economic benefits while taking into account the ecosystem service function constraints (water production, water conservation, soil and water conservation, and carbon storage), environmental protection constraints (air, water, and solid waste pollution), economic constraints (water use limitation, electricity use limitation), social constraints (food safety, fertilization), and technological constraints (total land area). economic benefits of the region. The modeling results show that the economic benefits of the optimized Dongting Lake Eco-Economic Zone range between [15622.72 × 108,19150.50 × 108] CNY, and the optimized areas of farmland, woodland, grassland, water area, construction land, and unutilized land are[25686.99,25932.61]km2, [22093.37,22295.23]km2,[837.11108,841.41]km2,[7536.86,7767.01]km2,[2660.92,2987.49]km2,[1090.72,1116.36]km2.and the ecosystem service function, pollutant emission level and ecosystem service value of the optimized Dongting Lake Eco-Economic Zone in the optimization scenario, which guarantees higher economic benefits than the status quo scenario, show a better performance than the status quo scenario as a whole. Finally, by spatially allocating the optimization results, the coupled model provides a new perspective and tool for decision-makers to develop sustainable regional land use planning.
{"title":"Optimization of land use structure integrating ecosystem service function and economic development—A case study in Dongting Lake Ecological and Economic Zone, China","authors":"Yifan Zhu, Min Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, land use simulation and optimization show a trend towards spatialization and intelligence. However, regional land use simulation and optimization often neglects the inherent uncertainty of the land use system and the actual impacts of land use practices on the ecological environment. Therefore, this study established a coupled land use simulation and optimization model based on ecosystem services and economic development, which integrates the ecosystem service evaluation model (InVEST), the interval uncertainty optimization model, and the spatial layout model of land use (PLUS), to simulate and optimize the land use allocation planning practice of Dongting Lake Ecological and Economic Zone in 2030. The objective of the coupled model is to aim at realizing regional ecological benefits and socio-economic benefits while taking into account the ecosystem service function constraints (water production, water conservation, soil and water conservation, and carbon storage), environmental protection constraints (air, water, and solid waste pollution), economic constraints (water use limitation, electricity use limitation), social constraints (food safety, fertilization), and technological constraints (total land area). economic benefits of the region. The modeling results show that the economic benefits of the optimized Dongting Lake Eco-Economic Zone range between [15622.72 × 10<sup>8</sup>,19150.50 × 10<sup>8</sup>] CNY, and the optimized areas of farmland, woodland, grassland, water area, construction land, and unutilized land are[25686.99,25932.61]km<sup>2</sup>, [22093.37,22295.23]km<sup>2</sup>,[837.11108,841.41]km<sup>2</sup>,[7536.86,7767.01]km<sup>2</sup>,[2660.92,2987.49]km<sup>2</sup>,[1090.72,1116.36]km<sup>2</sup>.and the ecosystem service function, pollutant emission level and ecosystem service value of the optimized Dongting Lake Eco-Economic Zone in the optimization scenario, which guarantees higher economic benefits than the status quo scenario, show a better performance than the status quo scenario as a whole. Finally, by spatially allocating the optimization results, the coupled model provides a new perspective and tool for decision-makers to develop sustainable regional land use planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100604"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.indic.2025.100605
Paul Hadji-Lazaro , Julien Calas , Antoine Godin , Andrew Skowno , Pamela Sekese
In response to the challenge of biodiversity loss and climate change, understanding the socioeconomic and financial vulnerabilities stemming from the associated physical and transition risks is essential. This paper presents a novel method that integrates ecological and macroeconomic indicators to assess multidimensional socioeconomic nature-related risks at several geographical scales using readily available data. Applying this method to South Africa, we find that 80% of the country's net exports are generated by water-dependent sectors, with 23% originating from water-sensitive municipalities, highlighting significant exposure to water scarcity. Similarly, 51% of mining sector exports are derived from municipalities with ecosystems threatened by mining activities, revealing vulnerabilities tied to transition risks that expose several macro-financial balances. These findings underscore the need for targeted policy interventions to reconcile ecological and economic goals, leveraging complementary insights from ecological and economic disciplines.
{"title":"A framework to assess socioeconomic and spatialized nature-related risks: An application to South Africa","authors":"Paul Hadji-Lazaro , Julien Calas , Antoine Godin , Andrew Skowno , Pamela Sekese","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the challenge of biodiversity loss and climate change, understanding the socioeconomic and financial vulnerabilities stemming from the associated physical and transition risks is essential. This paper presents a novel method that integrates ecological and macroeconomic indicators to assess multidimensional socioeconomic nature-related risks at several geographical scales using readily available data. Applying this method to South Africa, we find that 80% of the country's net exports are generated by water-dependent sectors, with 23% originating from water-sensitive municipalities, highlighting significant exposure to water scarcity. Similarly, 51% of mining sector exports are derived from municipalities with ecosystems threatened by mining activities, revealing vulnerabilities tied to transition risks that expose several macro-financial balances. These findings underscore the need for targeted policy interventions to reconcile ecological and economic goals, leveraging complementary insights from ecological and economic disciplines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100605"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.indic.2025.100602
Sonia Mercedes Polo-Murcia, Nesrine Chaali, Camilo Ignacio Jaramillo-Barrios, Sofiane Ouazaa, Victor Javier Polo, John Edisson Calderon Carvajal
Yellow passion fruit is a tropical crop of significant economic importance in Colombia. Efficient irrigation and fertilization strategies can enhance soil health, reduce environmental impact, and boost crop profitability. However, their application to passion fruit remains underexplored. This study evaluated the combined effects of 3 irrigation levels (I1: 48%, I2: 43%, I3: 33% of field capacity) and 3 fertilization strategies (F1: 100% synthetic, F2: organic + synthetic, F3: synthetic + biofertilizer) across two harvest periods (HP1 and HP2), using an ecological and environmental indicators-based approach. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine optimal irrigation and fertilization practices. Mixed linear models were applied to compare ecological and economic indicators. In HP1, significant interactions (p ≤ 0.01) influenced yield, with I2F1 achieving the highest net ecosystem economic benefits (NEEB) (31.47 ± 1.82 thousand USD ha⁻1, p < 0.01), yield (18.49 ± 1.00 t ha⁻1), and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE: 7.60 ± 0.41 kg m⁻³). Fertilization with F2 under I2 maximized nutrient use efficiency (PFPN: 223.88 ± 11.75 kg kg⁻1, PFPK: 675.97 ± 35.48 kg kg⁻1).In HP2, I2F3 achieved the highest NEEB (27.42 ± 0.70 thousand USD ha⁻1) and yield (16.55 ± 0.39 t ha⁻1), while I2F2 exhibited high IWUE (2.02 ± 0.12 kg m⁻³) and consistent nutrient use efficiency (PFPN: 566.06 ± 33.85 kg kg⁻1; PFPK: 1658.65 ± 99.19 kg kg⁻1). F2 demonstrated strong economic performance, supported by a PCA, explaining over 83% of the variance in both periods. I2F2 achieved the highest integrated scores (2.488 in HP1; 1.047 in HP2). I2 combined with F2 led to optimized yield, profitability, and sustainability by minimizing resource waste and economic risks. These findings highlight the potential of resource-efficient practices for sustainable tropical agriculture.
{"title":"An ecological, environmental, and economic indicators-based approach towards enhancing sustainability in water and nutrient use for passion fruit cultivation in Colombia","authors":"Sonia Mercedes Polo-Murcia, Nesrine Chaali, Camilo Ignacio Jaramillo-Barrios, Sofiane Ouazaa, Victor Javier Polo, John Edisson Calderon Carvajal","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yellow passion fruit is a tropical crop of significant economic importance in Colombia. Efficient irrigation and fertilization strategies can enhance soil health, reduce environmental impact, and boost crop profitability. However, their application to passion fruit remains underexplored. This study evaluated the combined effects of 3 irrigation levels (I1: 48%, I2: 43%, I3: 33% of field capacity) and 3 fertilization strategies (F1: 100% synthetic, F2: organic + synthetic, F3: synthetic + biofertilizer) across two harvest periods (HP1 and HP2), using an ecological and environmental indicators-based approach. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine optimal irrigation and fertilization practices. Mixed linear models were applied to compare ecological and economic indicators. In HP1, significant interactions (p ≤ 0.01) influenced yield, with I2F1 achieving the highest net ecosystem economic benefits (NEEB) (31.47 ± 1.82 thousand USD ha⁻<sup>1</sup>, p < 0.01), yield (18.49 ± 1.00 t ha⁻<sup>1</sup>), and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE: 7.60 ± 0.41 kg m⁻³). Fertilization with F2 under I2 maximized nutrient use efficiency (PFP<sub>N</sub>: 223.88 ± 11.75 kg kg⁻<sup>1</sup>, PFP<sub>K</sub>: 675.97 ± 35.48 kg kg⁻<sup>1</sup>).In HP2, I2F3 achieved the highest NEEB (27.42 ± 0.70 thousand USD ha⁻<sup>1</sup>) and yield (16.55 ± 0.39 t ha⁻<sup>1</sup>), while I2F2 exhibited high IWUE (2.02 ± 0.12 kg m⁻³) and consistent nutrient use efficiency (PFP<sub>N</sub>: 566.06 ± 33.85 kg kg⁻<sup>1</sup>; PFP<sub>K</sub>: 1658.65 ± 99.19 kg kg⁻<sup>1</sup>). F2 demonstrated strong economic performance, supported by a PCA, explaining over 83% of the variance in both periods. I2F2 achieved the highest integrated scores (2.488 in HP1; 1.047 in HP2). I2 combined with F2 led to optimized yield, profitability, and sustainability by minimizing resource waste and economic risks. These findings highlight the potential of resource-efficient practices for sustainable tropical agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100602"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.indic.2025.100606
Mohamed A.E. Omer , Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud Ibrahim , Ammar H. Elsheikh , Hussien Hegab
In response to urgent global challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation, integrating sustainable production practices into the entire product life cycle (PLC) has become essential. This paper proposes a comprehensive framework addressing the gap between sustainability models and product life cycle assessment (PLCA), emphasizing the need for a holistic approach encompassing economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The framework outlines optimal sustainable practices from material extraction to end-of-life disposal. It emphasizes reduced ecological footprints, resource conservation, pollution mitigation, and enhanced sustainability. Furthermore, it underscores the role of governmental and non-governmental organizations (GOs and NGOs) in promoting this integrated approach. This research further explores key questions about integrating sustainable practices, implementation challenges, and economic feasibility, aiming to guide businesses toward holistic approaches that balance economic growth, environmental stewardship, and social equity across the entire PLC.
{"title":"A framework for integrating sustainable production practices along the product life cycle","authors":"Mohamed A.E. Omer , Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud Ibrahim , Ammar H. Elsheikh , Hussien Hegab","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to urgent global challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation, integrating sustainable production practices into the entire product life cycle (PLC) has become essential. This paper proposes a comprehensive framework addressing the gap between sustainability models and product life cycle assessment (PLCA), emphasizing the need for a holistic approach encompassing economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The framework outlines optimal sustainable practices from material extraction to end-of-life disposal. It emphasizes reduced ecological footprints, resource conservation, pollution mitigation, and enhanced sustainability. Furthermore, it underscores the role of governmental and non-governmental organizations (GOs and NGOs) in promoting this integrated approach. This research further explores key questions about integrating sustainable practices, implementation challenges, and economic feasibility, aiming to guide businesses toward holistic approaches that balance economic growth, environmental stewardship, and social equity across the entire PLC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100606"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.indic.2025.100599
Viviana Fernandez
This article provides evidence on greenwashing practices and environment-friendly initiatives of more than 27,000 family and non-family firms across 41 countries. The statistical analysis reveals that family firms tend to engage less in greenwashing and demonstrate a stronger commitment to environment-friendly initiatives compared to their non-family counterparts. However, family control does not necessarily lead to improved business performance when general and green management practices are considered. Nonetheless, family businesses appear better positioned to leverage environment-friendly initiatives for enhanced performance outcomes.
Further analysis indicates that bribery may reduce greenwashing in family firms, particularly in light industries. On the other hand, political connections have minimal influence on greenwashing practices, regardless of whether firms are family- or non-family-controlled.
{"title":"Corporate greenwashing and green management indicators","authors":"Viviana Fernandez","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article provides evidence on greenwashing practices and environment-friendly initiatives of more than 27,000 family and non-family firms across 41 countries. The statistical analysis reveals that family firms tend to engage less in greenwashing and demonstrate a stronger commitment to environment-friendly initiatives compared to their non-family counterparts. However, family control does not necessarily lead to improved business performance when general and green management practices are considered. Nonetheless, family businesses appear better positioned to leverage environment-friendly initiatives for enhanced performance outcomes.</div><div>Further analysis indicates that bribery may reduce greenwashing in family firms, particularly in light industries. On the other hand, political connections have minimal influence on greenwashing practices, regardless of whether firms are family- or non-family-controlled.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100599"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.indic.2025.100601
Mohammad Shokati Amghani , Mohammad Sadegh Sabouri , Jafar Baghernejad , Abbas Norozi
To advance the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, it's essential to implement practices that improve the livelihoods sustainability. Achieving this goal requires identifying Factors affecting the livelihood sustainability of smallholder farmers (LSOSF). For this purpose, this study, conducted during 2023–2024. A statistical sample of 500 smallholders from Alborz, Guilan, Hormozgan, and Yazd provinces in Iran was selected using a multistage sampling method. The survey indicated an average farming unit had three able-bodied household members aged between 18 and 65, with none engaged in formal education. The head of household had an average of 10.53 years of formal education, ranging from 2 to 18 years. Household health status revealed an average of 1.69 healthy family members per unit. Annual savings for the farmers were approximately 100 million rials, about one-fifth of their total annual income. Regarding social networks, 55% of respondents had moderate to low confidence in assistance from neighbors and relatives during hardship. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine factors influencing LSOSF. Results indicated technical, economic, social, and environmental factors had positive and significant impacts on LSOSF. Among technical factors, agricultural land quality, land use conservation, land aggregation, and cropping patterns were identified as the most influential, with land use conservation having the greatest impact. Key factors such as soil erosion prevention, mitigation of land subsidence from groundwater extraction, and development of agricultural processing industries are crucial for LSOSF. This study provides a foundation for developing strategies to enhance smallholder farmers' livelihoods and well-being.
{"title":"Factors affecting the livelihood sustainability of smallholder farmers in Iran","authors":"Mohammad Shokati Amghani , Mohammad Sadegh Sabouri , Jafar Baghernejad , Abbas Norozi","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To advance the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, it's essential to implement practices that improve the livelihoods sustainability. Achieving this goal requires identifying Factors affecting the livelihood sustainability of smallholder farmers (LSOSF). For this purpose, this study, conducted during 2023–2024. A statistical sample of 500 smallholders from Alborz, Guilan, Hormozgan, and Yazd provinces in Iran was selected using a multistage sampling method. The survey indicated an average farming unit had three able-bodied household members aged between 18 and 65, with none engaged in formal education. The head of household had an average of 10.53 years of formal education, ranging from 2 to 18 years. Household health status revealed an average of 1.69 healthy family members per unit. Annual savings for the farmers were approximately 100 million rials, about one-fifth of their total annual income. Regarding social networks, 55% of respondents had moderate to low confidence in assistance from neighbors and relatives during hardship. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine factors influencing LSOSF. Results indicated technical, economic, social, and environmental factors had positive and significant impacts on LSOSF. Among technical factors, agricultural land quality, land use conservation, land aggregation, and cropping patterns were identified as the most influential, with land use conservation having the greatest impact. Key factors such as soil erosion prevention, mitigation of land subsidence from groundwater extraction, and development of agricultural processing industries are crucial for LSOSF. This study provides a foundation for developing strategies to enhance smallholder farmers' livelihoods and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100601"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.indic.2025.100595
Clarice Borges-Matos , Pedro A.C.L. Pequeno , Marinez Ferreira de Siqueira , Jean Paul Metzger
Biodiversity offsets and compensation have been largely applied worldwide using ecological equivalence assessment methods to quantify the environmental quality in impact and compensation sites. However, these methods present limitations that may hinder reaching equivalence in trades. In Brazil, the New Forest Act demands compensation of Legal Reserve deficits, and the Supreme Court decided it should be implemented with equivalence, but until what degree and how to measure it remain unclear. Here, we propose the Condition Assessment Framework to fill these gaps. Using a portion of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest as study system, we combined attributes of biodiversity (6), landscape (4) and ecosystem services (2), tested their variability, redundancies, and spatial complementarity and selected three attributes. Next, we applied these attributes testing combinations among them, using a compensation scheme similar to that of Legal Reserves with mandatory equivalency. Our framework attended the Act requirements and its application should be simple. We showed it is possible to include in a same method biodiversity, landscape and ecosystem services, in a disaggregated way, using simple calculations, with spatially explicit results and flexibility in attributes inclusion. The framework is also transposable to different regions and contexts and could be easily applied to larger geographic areas. To our knowledge, this is the first equivalence assessment method that includes all these characteristics simultaneously. Therefore, the Condition Assessment Framework could contribute to incorporate ecological equivalence more consistently in compensation schemes and policies across regions, with its feasibility potentially increasing policy compliance.
{"title":"A new methodological framework to assess ecological equivalence in compensation schemes","authors":"Clarice Borges-Matos , Pedro A.C.L. Pequeno , Marinez Ferreira de Siqueira , Jean Paul Metzger","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodiversity offsets and compensation have been largely applied worldwide using ecological equivalence assessment methods to quantify the environmental quality in impact and compensation sites. However, these methods present limitations that may hinder reaching equivalence in trades. In Brazil, the New Forest Act demands compensation of Legal Reserve deficits, and the Supreme Court decided it should be implemented with equivalence, but until what degree and how to measure it remain unclear. Here, we propose the Condition Assessment Framework to fill these gaps. Using a portion of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest as study system, we combined attributes of biodiversity (6), landscape (4) and ecosystem services (2), tested their variability, redundancies, and spatial complementarity and selected three attributes. Next, we applied these attributes testing combinations among them, using a compensation scheme similar to that of Legal Reserves with mandatory equivalency. Our framework attended the Act requirements and its application should be simple. We showed it is possible to include in a same method biodiversity, landscape and ecosystem services, in a disaggregated way, using simple calculations, with spatially explicit results and flexibility in attributes inclusion. The framework is also transposable to different regions and contexts and could be easily applied to larger geographic areas. To our knowledge, this is the first equivalence assessment method that includes all these characteristics simultaneously. Therefore, the Condition Assessment Framework could contribute to incorporate ecological equivalence more consistently in compensation schemes and policies across regions, with its feasibility potentially increasing policy compliance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100595"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable management and monitoring of groundwater resources are critical for ensuring their availability for drinking, agriculture, and industry worldwide. In Bizerte, Tunisia (Southwest Mediterranean region), this need is particularly urgent due to rising demand and contamination risks, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6), which seeks to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. This research aims to enhance groundwater management and assess contamination risks in Bizerte using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A multidisciplinary approach was adopted, integrating multi-criteria analysis and a spatially referenced hydrogeological information system. Eight thematic layers, geomorphology (0.15), slope (0.10), lineament density (0.12), drainage density (0.10), land use/land cover (0.08), precipitation (0.20), lithology (0.15), and soil (0.10) were analyzed for their impact on groundwater availability. Weights were assigned via an AHP-based pairwise comparison matrix and integrated using Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to generate a groundwater potential map. The analysis revealed that approximately 60% of the area has significant groundwater potential, with 30% classified as high potential zones and 30% as moderate potential zones. Vulnerability to contamination was assessed, showing that 20% of the area is at risk, primarily due to agricultural activities, industrial discharges, and inadequate waste management. The results highlighted the need for continuous monitoring and effective management strategies, underscoring the importance of a holistic approach in groundwater management to provide a robust decision-making framework.
{"title":"Advanced groundwater potential and contamination vulnerability assessment using integrated GIS-based AHP techniques: A case study from the Bizerte watershed, Tunisia","authors":"Cyrine Belhadj , Rihab Riahi , Abdelaziz Sebei , Sinda Sifi , Noamen Rebai","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable management and monitoring of groundwater resources are critical for ensuring their availability for drinking, agriculture, and industry worldwide. In Bizerte, Tunisia (Southwest Mediterranean region), this need is particularly urgent due to rising demand and contamination risks, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6), which seeks to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. This research aims to enhance groundwater management and assess contamination risks in Bizerte using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A multidisciplinary approach was adopted, integrating multi-criteria analysis and a spatially referenced hydrogeological information system. Eight thematic layers, geomorphology (0.15), slope (0.10), lineament density (0.12), drainage density (0.10), land use/land cover (0.08), precipitation (0.20), lithology (0.15), and soil (0.10) were analyzed for their impact on groundwater availability. Weights were assigned via an AHP-based pairwise comparison matrix and integrated using Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to generate a groundwater potential map. The analysis revealed that approximately 60% of the area has significant groundwater potential, with 30% classified as high potential zones and 30% as moderate potential zones. Vulnerability to contamination was assessed, showing that 20% of the area is at risk, primarily due to agricultural activities, industrial discharges, and inadequate waste management. The results highlighted the need for continuous monitoring and effective management strategies, underscoring the importance of a holistic approach in groundwater management to provide a robust decision-making framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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