Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2022.00066
Yoon-Ji Lee, Ha-Young Kim
PURPOSE: To provide physical activity vitalization plans of exercise habits among adolescents by analyzing the association between the formation of proper exercise habits and subjective health perceptions.METHODS: This study analyzed exercise habits and subjective health perceptions of adolescents using the survey conducted in 2020 in the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.RESULTS: This study found that there were significant differences between happiness and health recognitions. In addition, the more days of aerobic exercise, high intensity exercise, and strength exercise led to higher levels of happiness recognition. Lastly, strength exercise for at least three times a week recognized themselves as being relatively healthier than those with different numbers of exercise days.CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that exercise habits are positively related to the subjective health recognition and they felt that healthy life-long activity would be beneficial for the future lifestyle.
{"title":"A Study on Associations between the Exercise Habits and Subjective Health Perceptions of Adolescents in Area of Seoul: Focusing on Middle School Students","authors":"Yoon-Ji Lee, Ha-Young Kim","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2022.00066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2022.00066","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: To provide physical activity vitalization plans of exercise habits among adolescents by analyzing the association between the formation of proper exercise habits and subjective health perceptions.METHODS: This study analyzed exercise habits and subjective health perceptions of adolescents using the survey conducted in 2020 in the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.RESULTS: This study found that there were significant differences between happiness and health recognitions. In addition, the more days of aerobic exercise, high intensity exercise, and strength exercise led to higher levels of happiness recognition. Lastly, strength exercise for at least three times a week recognized themselves as being relatively healthier than those with different numbers of exercise days.CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that exercise habits are positively related to the subjective health recognition and they felt that healthy life-long activity would be beneficial for the future lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49653297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2022.00031
Xin Liu, Y. Chang, Su Young Lee, Jeong Hyun Lee, C. Hurr
PURPOSE: Performing a warm-up prior to a sports competition is essential for preventing injuries and maximizing subsequent performance. Passive warming has therefore received attention because it can effectively maintain an elevated muscle temperature (Tm) after a warm-up. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of local passive warming (LPW) administered during the transition phase between active warm-up and isokinetic exercises.METHODS: Eleven healthy men participated in this randomized crossover study. During the 30-minute transition period, a customized water-perfused warming pad was placed on the anterior thighs of the dominant legs (+3°C or +6°C based on the baseline skin temperature) or no intervention for the control group (CON). Subsequently, the total work, peak torque, and average power during isokinetic knee extensions (10 repetitions at a speed of 60°/sce) were measured. Using surface electromyography (EMG), the root mean square and mean frequency from the rectus femoris during knee extension were measured to assess neuromuscular activity.RESULTS: Total work (+6°C 1,289.8±389.3 vs. CON 1,437.3±408.2 Nm, p=.042), peak torque (+6°C 146.0±33.3 vs. CON 162.9±37.9 Nm, p=.022), and average power (+6°C 77.7±19.8 vs. CON 90.2±25.3 W, p=.012) were lower in the LPW +6°C group than in the CON group. EMG RMS was lower in the LPW +6°C group than in the CON group (+6°C 58.4±22.3 vs. CON 78.6±33.0 % MVC, p=.005). MF was higher in the LPW +6°C group than in the CON group (+6°C 87.5±12.4 vs. CON 81.4±11.0 Hz, p=.016).CONCLUSIONS: Local passive warming administered during the transition phase was not an appropriate strategy for boosting the performance of subsequent isokinetic exercises. Accordingly, the application of passive warming should be carefully chosen before exercise commences.
目的:在体育比赛前进行热身对于防止受伤和最大化随后的表现是必不可少的。因此，被动热身受到关注，因为它可以有效地保持热身后肌肉温度(Tm)的升高。本研究旨在探讨在主动热身和等速运动之间的过渡阶段给予局部被动热身(LPW)的影响。方法:11名健康男性参与了这项随机交叉研究。在30分钟的过渡期间，在优势腿的大腿前放置一个定制的水灌注加热垫(根据基线皮肤温度+3°C或+6°C)或对照组不进行干预(CON)。随后，测量等速膝关节伸展(以60°/sce的速度重复10次)时的总功、峰值扭矩和平均功率。采用表面肌电图(EMG)，测量膝关节伸展时股直肌的均方根和平均频率，以评估神经肌肉活动。结果:LPW +6°C组总功(+6°C 1,289.8±389.3比CON 1,437.3±408.2 Nm, p= 0.042)、峰值扭矩(+6°C 146.0±33.3比CON 162.9±37.9 Nm, p= 0.022)、平均功率(+6°C 77.7±19.8比CON 90.2±25.3 W, p= 0.012)均低于CON组。LPW +6°C组肌电RMS低于CON组(+6°C 58.4±22.3 vs. CON 78.6±33.0%，p= 0.005)。LPW +6°C组MF高于CON组(+6°C 87.5±12.4 Hz vs. CON 81.4±11.0 Hz, p= 0.016)。结论:在过渡阶段进行局部被动热身并不是提高随后等速运动表现的合适策略。因此，在运动开始前，应仔细选择被动加热的应用。
{"title":"Local Passive Warming Administered During the Transition Phase Impairs Subsequent Isokinetic Exercise Performance","authors":"Xin Liu, Y. Chang, Su Young Lee, Jeong Hyun Lee, C. Hurr","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2022.00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2022.00031","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: Performing a warm-up prior to a sports competition is essential for preventing injuries and maximizing subsequent performance. Passive warming has therefore received attention because it can effectively maintain an elevated muscle temperature (Tm) after a warm-up. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of local passive warming (LPW) administered during the transition phase between active warm-up and isokinetic exercises.METHODS: Eleven healthy men participated in this randomized crossover study. During the 30-minute transition period, a customized water-perfused warming pad was placed on the anterior thighs of the dominant legs (+3°C or +6°C based on the baseline skin temperature) or no intervention for the control group (CON). Subsequently, the total work, peak torque, and average power during isokinetic knee extensions (10 repetitions at a speed of 60°/sce) were measured. Using surface electromyography (EMG), the root mean square and mean frequency from the rectus femoris during knee extension were measured to assess neuromuscular activity.RESULTS: Total work (+6°C 1,289.8±389.3 vs. CON 1,437.3±408.2 Nm, p=.042), peak torque (+6°C 146.0±33.3 vs. CON 162.9±37.9 Nm, p=.022), and average power (+6°C 77.7±19.8 vs. CON 90.2±25.3 W, p=.012) were lower in the LPW +6°C group than in the CON group. EMG RMS was lower in the LPW +6°C group than in the CON group (+6°C 58.4±22.3 vs. CON 78.6±33.0 % MVC, p=.005). MF was higher in the LPW +6°C group than in the CON group (+6°C 87.5±12.4 vs. CON 81.4±11.0 Hz, p=.016).CONCLUSIONS: Local passive warming administered during the transition phase was not an appropriate strategy for boosting the performance of subsequent isokinetic exercises. Accordingly, the application of passive warming should be carefully chosen before exercise commences.","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42617047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2022.00122
K. Han, Su-Yeon Lee, Ji Young Kim
PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of a 6-week non-contact exercise program on body composition and physical function of physically disabled persons who used wheelchairs.METHODS: Twenty-two physically disabled individuals using wheelchairs (n [females]=15, mean age=49.4±8.9 years) were recruited and divided into an exercise group (n=11) or a control group (n=11). Participants in the exercise group performed a 1-hour-long exercise program twice a week, for 6 weeks, with an exercise instructor through a real-time video conferencing application. Height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and muscle strength and range of motion were measured at baseline and after the exercise program.RESULTS: Compared with that in the control group, waist circumference in the exercise group significantly decreased after the 6-week exercise program. In addition, range of motion of the shoulder significantly improved in the exercise group, compared with the control group, after 6 weeks.CONCLUSIONS: The non-contact exercise program yielded beneficial effects on the waist circumference and range of motion of muscles in disabled individuals using wheelchairs. A follow-up study is needed to verify the long-term effect of the exercise program, which may be achieved by randomizing a large number of people with disabilities.
{"title":"The Effect of a 6-week Non-contact Exercise Program on Body Composition and Physical Fitness in Persons with Physical Disabilities Using Wheelchairs","authors":"K. Han, Su-Yeon Lee, Ji Young Kim","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2022.00122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2022.00122","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of a 6-week non-contact exercise program on body composition and physical function of physically disabled persons who used wheelchairs.METHODS: Twenty-two physically disabled individuals using wheelchairs (n [females]=15, mean age=49.4±8.9 years) were recruited and divided into an exercise group (n=11) or a control group (n=11). Participants in the exercise group performed a 1-hour-long exercise program twice a week, for 6 weeks, with an exercise instructor through a real-time video conferencing application. Height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and muscle strength and range of motion were measured at baseline and after the exercise program.RESULTS: Compared with that in the control group, waist circumference in the exercise group significantly decreased after the 6-week exercise program. In addition, range of motion of the shoulder significantly improved in the exercise group, compared with the control group, after 6 weeks.CONCLUSIONS: The non-contact exercise program yielded beneficial effects on the waist circumference and range of motion of muscles in disabled individuals using wheelchairs. A follow-up study is needed to verify the long-term effect of the exercise program, which may be achieved by randomizing a large number of people with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43094309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2022.00129
June-Hee Kim, Bora Yoon, Jinho Park, E. Kwon, Kyungun Kim, Sukho Lee
The Association between Maternal Folate Status and Childhood Obesity-Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysiPURPOSE: Maternal nutrition plays a crucial role in fetal growth and lifelong health outcomes. Folate is an essential methyl donor in the epigenetic programming of offspring. This review and meta-analysis was conducted to compile the evidence reported thus far to identify associations between maternal folate status and childhood obesity.METHODS: A keyword/reference search was performed in EBSCOhost and Web of Science databases. A CMA program was used for a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effect of maternal folate status on childhood obesity in offspring and to examine the influence of moderating variables on the overall effect.RESULTS: Better maternal folate intake was associated with a lower risk of childhood obesity: the overall effect size (ES; Hedges’ g) was 0.168 (95% CI=0.075 to 0.260, p<.001; small effects; cf., Cohen’s criteria). Moderator analysis revealed that the ≥Q statistic for the age group was statistically significant (Qb=4.730, df=1. p=.030; heterogeneity of ES). In offspring <7 years and >7 years, the ES was 0.277 (95% CI=0.151, 0.404) and 0.089 (95% CI=-0.025, 0.202), respectively. The study design was a statistically significant variable (Qb=4.310, df=1. p=.038; heterogeneity of ES). In cohort studies, ES was 0.251 (95% CI=0.135, 0.367), whereas in randomized controlled trial group, ES was 0.062 (95% CI=-0.073, 0.197).CONCLUSIONS: Maternal folate intake significantly affects childhood obesity, and the effect of maternal folate status is stronger inchildren younger than 7 years.
{"title":"The Association between Maternal Folate Status and Childhood Obesity-Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"June-Hee Kim, Bora Yoon, Jinho Park, E. Kwon, Kyungun Kim, Sukho Lee","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2022.00129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2022.00129","url":null,"abstract":"The Association between Maternal Folate Status and Childhood Obesity-Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysiPURPOSE: Maternal nutrition plays a crucial role in fetal growth and lifelong health outcomes. Folate is an essential methyl donor in the epigenetic programming of offspring. This review and meta-analysis was conducted to compile the evidence reported thus far to identify associations between maternal folate status and childhood obesity.METHODS: A keyword/reference search was performed in EBSCOhost and Web of Science databases. A CMA program was used for a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effect of maternal folate status on childhood obesity in offspring and to examine the influence of moderating variables on the overall effect.RESULTS: Better maternal folate intake was associated with a lower risk of childhood obesity: the overall effect size (ES; Hedges’ g) was 0.168 (95% CI=0.075 to 0.260, p<.001; small effects; cf., Cohen’s criteria). Moderator analysis revealed that the ≥Q statistic for the age group was statistically significant (Qb=4.730, df=1. p=.030; heterogeneity of ES). In offspring <7 years and >7 years, the ES was 0.277 (95% CI=0.151, 0.404) and 0.089 (95% CI=-0.025, 0.202), respectively. The study design was a statistically significant variable (Qb=4.310, df=1. p=.038; heterogeneity of ES). In cohort studies, ES was 0.251 (95% CI=0.135, 0.367), whereas in randomized controlled trial group, ES was 0.062 (95% CI=-0.073, 0.197).CONCLUSIONS: Maternal folate intake significantly affects childhood obesity, and the effect of maternal folate status is stronger inchildren younger than 7 years.","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67216663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2022.00101
Kwang-Jin Lee
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of circuit-type neuromuscular training (CTNT) on strength, power, and functional performance among the MZ generation.METHODS: Twenty-eight participants were assigned to either the circuit-type neuromuscular training group (CTNTG, n=14) or the control group (CG, n=14). CTNT was performed for 50 minutes a day, 2–3 times a week, for 6 weeks. The CG only performed activities of daily living during the study period. Baseline and post measures included isometric muscular strength (knee flexion, knee extension, back flexion, back extension), vertical jump, 30 m sprint, T-agility, and Y-balance tests.RESULTS: The results showed that the CTNT had a positive effect on the improvement of knee flexion (p=.015), knee extension (p=.047), back extension (p=.003), vertical jump (p=.025), T-agility (p=.046), posteromedial (p=.031), posterolateral (p=.022), and composite score (p=.032).CONCLUSIONS: These findings can be a factor that the strength, power, and functional performance of MZ generation can be sufficiently improved through the CTNT program. This suggests that CTNT is the most appropriate exercise intervention method to improve the strength, power, and functional performance of the MZ generation.
{"title":"Effect of Circuit Type Neuromuscular Training on Strength, Power, and Functional Performance in MZ Generation","authors":"Kwang-Jin Lee","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2022.00101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2022.00101","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of circuit-type neuromuscular training (CTNT) on strength, power, and functional performance among the MZ generation.METHODS: Twenty-eight participants were assigned to either the circuit-type neuromuscular training group (CTNTG, n=14) or the control group (CG, n=14). CTNT was performed for 50 minutes a day, 2–3 times a week, for 6 weeks. The CG only performed activities of daily living during the study period. Baseline and post measures included isometric muscular strength (knee flexion, knee extension, back flexion, back extension), vertical jump, 30 m sprint, T-agility, and Y-balance tests.RESULTS: The results showed that the CTNT had a positive effect on the improvement of knee flexion (p=.015), knee extension (p=.047), back extension (p=.003), vertical jump (p=.025), T-agility (p=.046), posteromedial (p=.031), posterolateral (p=.022), and composite score (p=.032).CONCLUSIONS: These findings can be a factor that the strength, power, and functional performance of MZ generation can be sufficiently improved through the CTNT program. This suggests that CTNT is the most appropriate exercise intervention method to improve the strength, power, and functional performance of the MZ generation.","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47104228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2022.00185
Taegyu Kim, Hokyung Choi
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between relative training load and non-contact injuries in collegiate football players.METHODS: Eleven players were enrolled in this study. During sports competitions, data were collected using global positioning system (GPS) units (10 Hz), and information on sport-related injuries of the lower extremities was recorded. The acute-to-chronic workload ratio (ACWR) of total distance covered, high-intensity distance (≥18 km/hours), sprint distance (≥21 km/hours) and bouts, work-torest ratio, and acceleration-deceleration bouts were calculated. Data were evenly split into quartiles, with the lowest ACWR range used as a reference group. Odds ratios were calculated to determine the injury risk at a given ACWR of each GPS variable, using a logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: Six players experienced nine injuries, yielding an incidence of 132.93 injuries per 1,000 athlete exposures. Based on ACWR values, the highest risk of injury was most associated with total distance covered, followed by high-intensity distance, and sprint bouts. The lowest risk of injury was associated with sprint distance, which yielded a lower injury risk than that in the reference group.CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows the need for continued monitoring of in-game athlete performance in preventing non-contact sportrelated injuries in football players.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Relative External Training Load and Sports Injury in Collegiate Football Players","authors":"Taegyu Kim, Hokyung Choi","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2022.00185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2022.00185","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between relative training load and non-contact injuries in collegiate football players.METHODS: Eleven players were enrolled in this study. During sports competitions, data were collected using global positioning system (GPS) units (10 Hz), and information on sport-related injuries of the lower extremities was recorded. The acute-to-chronic workload ratio (ACWR) of total distance covered, high-intensity distance (≥18 km/hours), sprint distance (≥21 km/hours) and bouts, work-torest ratio, and acceleration-deceleration bouts were calculated. Data were evenly split into quartiles, with the lowest ACWR range used as a reference group. Odds ratios were calculated to determine the injury risk at a given ACWR of each GPS variable, using a logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: Six players experienced nine injuries, yielding an incidence of 132.93 injuries per 1,000 athlete exposures. Based on ACWR values, the highest risk of injury was most associated with total distance covered, followed by high-intensity distance, and sprint bouts. The lowest risk of injury was associated with sprint distance, which yielded a lower injury risk than that in the reference group.CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows the need for continued monitoring of in-game athlete performance in preventing non-contact sportrelated injuries in football players.","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46377012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2022.00143
Kwanggu An, Hye-Joo Jeon, Woo-Nam Chang
PURPOSE: Respiratory function can be adversely affected after a cerebrovascular accident. This study aimed to determine whether inspiratory muscle training (IMT) changes the respiration and balance abilities of patients with stroke.METHODS: Twelve patients with stroke were randomly assigned to the study (n=6) and control (n=6) groups. The study and control groups received IMT and general physical therapy, respectively for 6 weeks, five times a week for 30 min/day. Inspiratory and expiratory functions and balance were measured pre- and post-evaluation.RESULTS: After IMT intervention, the weight distribution ratio (WDR) for balance ability measurement was significantly decreased (p<.05), and the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum inspiratory flow rate (MIFR), maximum inspiratory capacity (MIC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and limits of stability (LOS) were significantly increased in the study group (p<.05). A comparison of the study and control groups revealed statistically significant differences in MIP (p<0.01), MIFR (p<.01), MIC (p<.05), PEF (p<.05), FEV1 (p<.05), WDR (p<.01), and LOS (p<.05).CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that IMT is a useful and effective exercise intervention for patients with stroke.
{"title":"Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Respiration and Balance in Patients with Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Kwanggu An, Hye-Joo Jeon, Woo-Nam Chang","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2022.00143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2022.00143","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: Respiratory function can be adversely affected after a cerebrovascular accident. This study aimed to determine whether inspiratory muscle training (IMT) changes the respiration and balance abilities of patients with stroke.METHODS: Twelve patients with stroke were randomly assigned to the study (n=6) and control (n=6) groups. The study and control groups received IMT and general physical therapy, respectively for 6 weeks, five times a week for 30 min/day. Inspiratory and expiratory functions and balance were measured pre- and post-evaluation.RESULTS: After IMT intervention, the weight distribution ratio (WDR) for balance ability measurement was significantly decreased (p<.05), and the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum inspiratory flow rate (MIFR), maximum inspiratory capacity (MIC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and limits of stability (LOS) were significantly increased in the study group (p<.05). A comparison of the study and control groups revealed statistically significant differences in MIP (p<0.01), MIFR (p<.01), MIC (p<.05), PEF (p<.05), FEV1 (p<.05), WDR (p<.01), and LOS (p<.05).CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that IMT is a useful and effective exercise intervention for patients with stroke.","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47697126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-02DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2021.00661
K. Rahmanian, F. Hooshmand, Masihollah Shakeri, V. Rahmanian, Fatemeh Sotoodeh Jahromi, A. S. Jahromi
Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzymes Response to Lactate Tolerance Exercise Test Karamatollah Rahmanian MD, Farhang Hooshmand MD, Masihollah Shakeri MD, Vahid Rahmanian PhD, Fatemeh Sotoodeh Jahromi BS, Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi PhD Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom; Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Science; Jahrom, Iran
{"title":"Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzymes Response to Lactate Tolerance Exercise Test","authors":"K. Rahmanian, F. Hooshmand, Masihollah Shakeri, V. Rahmanian, Fatemeh Sotoodeh Jahromi, A. S. Jahromi","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2021.00661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2021.00661","url":null,"abstract":"Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzymes Response to Lactate Tolerance Exercise Test Karamatollah Rahmanian MD, Farhang Hooshmand MD, Masihollah Shakeri MD, Vahid Rahmanian PhD, Fatemeh Sotoodeh Jahromi BS, Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi PhD Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom; Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Science; Jahrom, Iran","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48147205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-26DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2022.00087
Hye-jin Kim, J. Koh
Sparring-Taekwondo (S-TKD) is a full-body contact sport that has been an official sport of the summer Olympic games since 2000 when it gained the additional name of Olympic-style taekwondo. Attacks and counter-attacks for all types of taekwondo permit the legal scoring of kicking techniques directed toward the head/face/neck (i.e., head kicks) and torso, though punching the head region is illegal. Given the kicks used in S-TKD, there is a high risk for brain and musculoskeletal injury in competition and training sessions. A number of studies have reported injury rates in S-TKD competitions [1-9]. In one report, 1,466 injuries occurred in 283 athletes during training, with an average of 5 injuries per athlete annually [10]. A meta-analysis found an injury rate of 79 per 1,000 athlete-exposures (A-E) in taekwondo competitions [6]. Similarly, a recent study of an S-TKD team from Korea has reported injury incidence rates in training sessions and competition of 5 and 25 per 1,000 A-E, respectively [9]. In addition to the musculoskeletal injuries in S-TKD, there is a high risk of concussion, ranging was from 0.0 to 50.2 per 1,000 A-E [11] which is anticipated since a direct kick to the opponent’s head region is legal and promoted by the competition rule. Additionally, changes made by the sport’s governing bodies (i.e., World Taekwondo (WT) and Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA) include a recent competition rule (i.e., 2018) where a valid head kick (HK) will be awarded from a minimum of 3 points to a maximum of 5 points (i.e., given higher points). As a result, the head zone has become a major scoring area since 2009. In 2019, the ORIGINAL ARTICLE ISSN(Print) : 1226-1726 ISSN(Online) : 2384-0544
{"title":"Possible Concussions Related to a Direct Head Kick Among College Taekwondo Athletes","authors":"Hye-jin Kim, J. Koh","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2022.00087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2022.00087","url":null,"abstract":"Sparring-Taekwondo (S-TKD) is a full-body contact sport that has been an official sport of the summer Olympic games since 2000 when it gained the additional name of Olympic-style taekwondo. Attacks and counter-attacks for all types of taekwondo permit the legal scoring of kicking techniques directed toward the head/face/neck (i.e., head kicks) and torso, though punching the head region is illegal. Given the kicks used in S-TKD, there is a high risk for brain and musculoskeletal injury in competition and training sessions. A number of studies have reported injury rates in S-TKD competitions [1-9]. In one report, 1,466 injuries occurred in 283 athletes during training, with an average of 5 injuries per athlete annually [10]. A meta-analysis found an injury rate of 79 per 1,000 athlete-exposures (A-E) in taekwondo competitions [6]. Similarly, a recent study of an S-TKD team from Korea has reported injury incidence rates in training sessions and competition of 5 and 25 per 1,000 A-E, respectively [9]. In addition to the musculoskeletal injuries in S-TKD, there is a high risk of concussion, ranging was from 0.0 to 50.2 per 1,000 A-E [11] which is anticipated since a direct kick to the opponent’s head region is legal and promoted by the competition rule. Additionally, changes made by the sport’s governing bodies (i.e., World Taekwondo (WT) and Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA) include a recent competition rule (i.e., 2018) where a valid head kick (HK) will be awarded from a minimum of 3 points to a maximum of 5 points (i.e., given higher points). As a result, the head zone has become a major scoring area since 2009. In 2019, the ORIGINAL ARTICLE ISSN(Print) : 1226-1726 ISSN(Online) : 2384-0544","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46799466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-25DOI: 10.15857/ksep.2021.00682
Munku Song, Il-Woo Jeon, Hyunsu Kang
Korea PURPOSE: This pilot study aimed to provide descriptive statistics regarding injuries among baseball players in the Korean baseball organization (KBO) league. METHODS: Exposure and injury data were collected from 49 professional baseball players in a single team who participated in official games during the 2021 KBO league season. Injury data included injured body parts, injury mechanisms, injury diagnoses, activities, playing positions, and time-loss (TL). Injury rates (IRs) were calculated using the athletic-exposure (AE) and time-exposure (TE) meth-ods. RESULTS: In total, 158 injuries were reported during the study period. The overall IR was 58.0 per 1,000 AE and 5.3 per 1,000 exposure times (TE). Approximately 68.4% of all injuries were non-TL (NTL) injuries, and which was approximately 2.2 times higher than TL injuries. Among TL injuries, 70.0% accounted for 1 day to less than 1 week, followed by more than 3 weeks (16.0%) and lasting more than 1 week to less than 3 weeks (14.0%) respectively. Trunk and spine were the most frequently injured body parts (21.5%), followed by arms and elbows (12.7%), thighs (11.4%), and feet (8.2%) in order. The majority of the TL injury mechanisms were noncontact (40.4%) and overuse (26.0%) with strain during pitching and base running. The majority of the NTL injury mechanisms were ball contact (73.2%) with contusions during batting and catching. CONCLUSIONS: Professional KBO baseball players experienced a high rate of TL injuries during official games. The majority of TL injury mechanisms were noncontact and overuse, and two-fifths of TL injuries were reported by pitchers and base
{"title":"Analysis of the Injuries of Korean Professional Baseball Players during the Regular Season: A Pilot Study","authors":"Munku Song, Il-Woo Jeon, Hyunsu Kang","doi":"10.15857/ksep.2021.00682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2021.00682","url":null,"abstract":"Korea PURPOSE: This pilot study aimed to provide descriptive statistics regarding injuries among baseball players in the Korean baseball organization (KBO) league. METHODS: Exposure and injury data were collected from 49 professional baseball players in a single team who participated in official games during the 2021 KBO league season. Injury data included injured body parts, injury mechanisms, injury diagnoses, activities, playing positions, and time-loss (TL). Injury rates (IRs) were calculated using the athletic-exposure (AE) and time-exposure (TE) meth-ods. RESULTS: In total, 158 injuries were reported during the study period. The overall IR was 58.0 per 1,000 AE and 5.3 per 1,000 exposure times (TE). Approximately 68.4% of all injuries were non-TL (NTL) injuries, and which was approximately 2.2 times higher than TL injuries. Among TL injuries, 70.0% accounted for 1 day to less than 1 week, followed by more than 3 weeks (16.0%) and lasting more than 1 week to less than 3 weeks (14.0%) respectively. Trunk and spine were the most frequently injured body parts (21.5%), followed by arms and elbows (12.7%), thighs (11.4%), and feet (8.2%) in order. The majority of the TL injury mechanisms were noncontact (40.4%) and overuse (26.0%) with strain during pitching and base running. The majority of the NTL injury mechanisms were ball contact (73.2%) with contusions during batting and catching. CONCLUSIONS: Professional KBO baseball players experienced a high rate of TL injuries during official games. The majority of TL injury mechanisms were noncontact and overuse, and two-fifths of TL injuries were reported by pitchers and base","PeriodicalId":36291,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44074535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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