Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.2p.1
Nicolas Latreille, N. R. Azar
Background: Playing the drum kit is a physically and cognitively demanding task, and skilled drummers share many such attributes with elite athletes. The ‘double pulse’ muscle activation (DPMA) pattern is a motor control strategy that has been observed in athletes of sports involving ballistic movements (e.g., baseball, golf, Mixed Martial Arts), and is believed to function to increase force transfer to the target. Objective: This study examined the muscle activation patterns of highly skilled drummers for evidence of a DPMA during high-velocity cymbal crashes. Methods: Five drummers were instrumented with electromyography electrodes on the right latissimus dorsi, triceps brachii, erector spinae, rectus abdominis, deltoideus posterior (DP), teres major, extensor carpi radialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles. Six trials of data were collected, including a resting baseline, three maximum voluntary exertions (MVE) consisting of maximal effort cymbal crashes, a drumming pattern that included multiple crashes, and a ‘free-play’ trial. Results: The DPMA waveform was observed in all trials, but only those observed during the MVE trials were confirmed to coincide with the crashing movement via video analysis. The DP muscle – which functions to extend the shoulder joint to crash the stick on to the cymbal – exhibited confirmed DPMAs the most frequently. Conclusion: The extent to which drummers use the DPMA to produce high-velocity cymbal crashes within authentic playing conditions is inconclusive and needs further examination. Future study of the DPMA phenomenon in drummers would benefit from the addition of 3-dimensional motion capture to further understand the purpose of the muscle contractions of the DPMA.
{"title":"Evidence of a Double Pulse Muscle Activation Strategy in Drummers’ Trunk and Upper Limb Muscles During High-velocity Cymbal Crashes","authors":"Nicolas Latreille, N. R. Azar","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.2p.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.2p.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Playing the drum kit is a physically and cognitively demanding task, and skilled drummers share many such attributes with elite athletes. The ‘double pulse’ muscle activation (DPMA) pattern is a motor control strategy that has been observed in athletes of sports involving ballistic movements (e.g., baseball, golf, Mixed Martial Arts), and is believed to function to increase force transfer to the target. Objective: This study examined the muscle activation patterns of highly skilled drummers for evidence of a DPMA during high-velocity cymbal crashes. Methods: Five drummers were instrumented with electromyography electrodes on the right latissimus dorsi, triceps brachii, erector spinae, rectus abdominis, deltoideus posterior (DP), teres major, extensor carpi radialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles. Six trials of data were collected, including a resting baseline, three maximum voluntary exertions (MVE) consisting of maximal effort cymbal crashes, a drumming pattern that included multiple crashes, and a ‘free-play’ trial. Results: The DPMA waveform was observed in all trials, but only those observed during the MVE trials were confirmed to coincide with the crashing movement via video analysis. The DP muscle – which functions to extend the shoulder joint to crash the stick on to the cymbal – exhibited confirmed DPMAs the most frequently. Conclusion: The extent to which drummers use the DPMA to produce high-velocity cymbal crashes within authentic playing conditions is inconclusive and needs further examination. Future study of the DPMA phenomenon in drummers would benefit from the addition of 3-dimensional motion capture to further understand the purpose of the muscle contractions of the DPMA.","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47148639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.10
Sibi Walter, Amin Daneshfar, Carl Petersen
Background: Clubbells were popular shoulder exercise equipment used during the 17-18th centuries. Currently there is a resurgence in the use of clubbells to strengthen the shoulder rotators, but there are no studies to prove their effectiveness on shoulder kinematics. Therefore, this study aimed to find out if clubbell exercises had any effect on glenohumeral rotational range of motion (ROM) and shoulder rotator strength. Methods: Using a randomised control study design, female handball athletes (n=15) were voluntarily recruited and were assigned randomly to either a handball training only group (HT) (n = 8, age 25±7 y, height 1.77 ± 0.11m, mass 76 ± 15 kg,) or a shoulder exercise group (SE) (n = 7, age 27±8 y, height 1.78 ± 0.12m, mass 79 ± 15 kg). The SE group underwent an exercise programme (8 weeks, 3 days/week, 20 min/day) using clubbells. The ROM and muscle strength were assessed at baseline and at the end of weeks 2, 4, 6 and 8. Results: After eight weeks, comparison between groups showed that the SE group’s dominant arm internal rotators muscle strength improved (28±5 to 33±7 Nm) significantly (p0.05). Within the SE group, internal rotation ROM, internal rotators, and external rotators muscle strength all significantly (p0.05) improved. Conclusions: Clubbell exercises increases internal rotation ROM and shoulder rotators muscle strength. Therefore, it is suggested that handball athletes could use clubbell exercises to improve their shoulder rotational ROM and strengthen the shoulder rotators whereby reducing shoulder injury risk.
{"title":"Effect of Clubbell Exercises on Shoulder Kinematics in Female Handball Players","authors":"Sibi Walter, Amin Daneshfar, Carl Petersen","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clubbells were popular shoulder exercise equipment used during the 17-18th centuries. Currently there is a resurgence in the use of clubbells to strengthen the shoulder rotators, but there are no studies to prove their effectiveness on shoulder kinematics. Therefore, this study aimed to find out if clubbell exercises had any effect on glenohumeral rotational range of motion (ROM) and shoulder rotator strength. Methods: Using a randomised control study design, female handball athletes (n=15) were voluntarily recruited and were assigned randomly to either a handball training only group (HT) (n = 8, age 25±7 y, height 1.77 ± 0.11m, mass 76 ± 15 kg,) or a shoulder exercise group (SE) (n = 7, age 27±8 y, height 1.78 ± 0.12m, mass 79 ± 15 kg). The SE group underwent an exercise programme (8 weeks, 3 days/week, 20 min/day) using clubbells. The ROM and muscle strength were assessed at baseline and at the end of weeks 2, 4, 6 and 8. Results: After eight weeks, comparison between groups showed that the SE group’s dominant arm internal rotators muscle strength improved (28±5 to 33±7 Nm) significantly (p0.05). Within the SE group, internal rotation ROM, internal rotators, and external rotators muscle strength all significantly (p0.05) improved. Conclusions: Clubbell exercises increases internal rotation ROM and shoulder rotators muscle strength. Therefore, it is suggested that handball athletes could use clubbell exercises to improve their shoulder rotational ROM and strengthen the shoulder rotators whereby reducing shoulder injury risk.","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42587146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.60
Michael L. Bruneau Jr., Richard D. Wood, Susan Sotir, S. Headley, Elizabeth O’Neil, Juan Muñiz, May Cheung, Marissa Pontarelli, Susan Lachowski, V. Paolone
Background: Obesity is a major public health issue in the United States (U.S.), affecting an estimated 78 million US adults. Aerobic exercise (AE) is recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine to prevent and treat obesity, yet the effects of AE on circulating hunger hormones including acylated ghrelin and its biological catalyst, ghrelin o-acyltransferase (GOAT) are less known. Objectives: We investigated the effects of AE on circulating concentrations of appetite regulating hormones and GOAT in a pilot sample of adults classified with normal weight (NW) and obese (OB) body weight status. Methods: Using a quasi-experimental design, nine adults with NW (n=4, body mass index [BMI] = 21.3±1.2 kg/m2) and OB (n=5, BMI = 38.9±6.2 kg/m2) body weight status completed a preliminary health/fitness assessment. Participants returned to the laboratory on three separate occasions, separated by ≥ 48 hours to perform cycle exercise at 30% and 60% oxygen uptake reserve (VO2R) or a seated control session with no exercise for 40 min. Fifteen mL of blood was taken pre-and-post exercise and control and were assayed in duplicate. Nonparametric procedures determined whether mean rank differences existed between NW and OB for acylated ghrelin, leptin, insulin, and GOAT in response to exercise and control. Alpha levels were set a priori to p 0.05. Results: Significant mean rank reductions were found in GOAT after compared to before AE and control for NW and OB (p.05). Significant mean rank differences were found in acylated ghrelin after compared to before performing AE at 60% VO2R in NW and OB (p.05); however, differences were not observed between NW and OB (p.05). Conclusions: Our findings reveal the first available data regarding the effects of AE on GOAT, with NW and OB experiencing equivocal changes pre-to-post AE at 60% VO2R, and in response to a seated control session.
{"title":"Influence of Aerobic Exercise on Appetite-Regulating Hormones, Ghrelin-o-Acyltransferase and Perceived Hunger in Normal Weight and Obese Adults","authors":"Michael L. Bruneau Jr., Richard D. Wood, Susan Sotir, S. Headley, Elizabeth O’Neil, Juan Muñiz, May Cheung, Marissa Pontarelli, Susan Lachowski, V. Paolone","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.60","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity is a major public health issue in the United States (U.S.), affecting an estimated 78 million US adults. Aerobic exercise (AE) is recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine to prevent and treat obesity, yet the effects of AE on circulating hunger hormones including acylated ghrelin and its biological catalyst, ghrelin o-acyltransferase (GOAT) are less known. Objectives: We investigated the effects of AE on circulating concentrations of appetite regulating hormones and GOAT in a pilot sample of adults classified with normal weight (NW) and obese (OB) body weight status. Methods: Using a quasi-experimental design, nine adults with NW (n=4, body mass index [BMI] = 21.3±1.2 kg/m2) and OB (n=5, BMI = 38.9±6.2 kg/m2) body weight status completed a preliminary health/fitness assessment. Participants returned to the laboratory on three separate occasions, separated by ≥ 48 hours to perform cycle exercise at 30% and 60% oxygen uptake reserve (VO2R) or a seated control session with no exercise for 40 min. Fifteen mL of blood was taken pre-and-post exercise and control and were assayed in duplicate. Nonparametric procedures determined whether mean rank differences existed between NW and OB for acylated ghrelin, leptin, insulin, and GOAT in response to exercise and control. Alpha levels were set a priori to p 0.05. Results: Significant mean rank reductions were found in GOAT after compared to before AE and control for NW and OB (p.05). Significant mean rank differences were found in acylated ghrelin after compared to before performing AE at 60% VO2R in NW and OB (p.05); however, differences were not observed between NW and OB (p.05). Conclusions: Our findings reveal the first available data regarding the effects of AE on GOAT, with NW and OB experiencing equivocal changes pre-to-post AE at 60% VO2R, and in response to a seated control session.","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42899133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.16
Sandip Sankar Ghosh, Raju Biswas
Background: Plyometric training (PT) are performed in different hard surfaces like dry land, hard court or grassy turf which is at the same time susceptible to muscle and joint injury of the lower limbs. To avoid this risk Aqua-based training gradually has become popular to the trainers. Therefore, in the present study the PT were conducted in an aquatic medium. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of Aquatic plyometric training on speed and explosive leg strength ability of the young Indian athletes. Method: This study was quasi-experimental in nature. Twenty-four (N = 24) athletes aged between 14-16 years were selected. They were equally grouped into two: i) Aquatic Plyometric Training Group (APTG, N=12), and ii) Control Group (CG, N=12). Both the groups were involved in regular physical activity as usual in their academy which was not under the control of the researchers, however, in addition to that APTG underwent an aqua-based Plyometric training for fourteen weeks. The dependent variables were speed and explosive leg strength. Baseline (pre) and post intervention mean values for APTG and CG were analyzed through ANCOVA. The F-values were tested at p0.05 level of significance. Results: The APTG improved significantly with respect to the CG in speed (F = 70.890; p 0.00001) and explosive leg strength (F = 32.553; p 0.00001). Conclusion: Aquatic Plyometric Training was found as an effective training means for the development of speed and explosive leg strength of the athletes belongs to the age group of 14-16 years.
{"title":"Effect of Plyometric Training Conducted in Aquatic Medium on Speed and Explosive Strength of the Athletes","authors":"Sandip Sankar Ghosh, Raju Biswas","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Plyometric training (PT) are performed in different hard surfaces like dry land, hard court or grassy turf which is at the same time susceptible to muscle and joint injury of the lower limbs. To avoid this risk Aqua-based training gradually has become popular to the trainers. Therefore, in the present study the PT were conducted in an aquatic medium. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of Aquatic plyometric training on speed and explosive leg strength ability of the young Indian athletes. Method: This study was quasi-experimental in nature. Twenty-four (N = 24) athletes aged between 14-16 years were selected. They were equally grouped into two: i) Aquatic Plyometric Training Group (APTG, N=12), and ii) Control Group (CG, N=12). Both the groups were involved in regular physical activity as usual in their academy which was not under the control of the researchers, however, in addition to that APTG underwent an aqua-based Plyometric training for fourteen weeks. The dependent variables were speed and explosive leg strength. Baseline (pre) and post intervention mean values for APTG and CG were analyzed through ANCOVA. The F-values were tested at p0.05 level of significance. Results: The APTG improved significantly with respect to the CG in speed (F = 70.890; p 0.00001) and explosive leg strength (F = 32.553; p 0.00001). Conclusion: Aquatic Plyometric Training was found as an effective training means for the development of speed and explosive leg strength of the athletes belongs to the age group of 14-16 years.","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44364098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.42
Tutiek Rahayu, Kartika Ratna Pertiwi, W. Kushartanti, N. Arovah
Background: Physical activity (PA) may play a significant role in managing post-Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 syndrome, a significant public health concern among older adults. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence on post-COVID-19 symptoms, signs, risk factors, and the effects of PA programs in managing post-COVID-19 syndrome among older adults. Method: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendation. The systematic search was conducted in August 2022 using Scopus and MEDLINE (via PubMed) databases. Results: There were 51 documents screened, among which 10 (7 observational and 3 experimental studies) met the selection criteria. The reported post-COVID-19 symptoms and signs associated with physical health included dyspnea, fatigue, diarrhea, and sarcopenia, abnormal lung function, cardiac pathology, immunological changes, reduced physical performance, respectively, while those associated with mental health included depression, poor concentration and memory, and anxiety. Patients with higher body mass indexes were more likely to experience more symptoms. Older patients had greater difficulties in performing daily activities and mobility. A multidisciplinary-based PA program is suggested to be feasible and effective in improving fatigue, ability to walk, balance, and cognitive function. For patients with sarcopenia, a low-intensity aerobic training exercise appears to improve muscle strength, kinesiophobia, and quality of life. Conclusion: Various post-COVID-19 symptoms have been reported along with their risk factors, and PA programs are potentially used for managing these symptoms. More research, however, is recommended to explore the PA program for specific post-COVID-19 symptoms.
{"title":"Physical Activity and Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in Older Adults: A Systematic Review","authors":"Tutiek Rahayu, Kartika Ratna Pertiwi, W. Kushartanti, N. Arovah","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.42","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical activity (PA) may play a significant role in managing post-Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 syndrome, a significant public health concern among older adults. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence on post-COVID-19 symptoms, signs, risk factors, and the effects of PA programs in managing post-COVID-19 syndrome among older adults. Method: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendation. The systematic search was conducted in August 2022 using Scopus and MEDLINE (via PubMed) databases. Results: There were 51 documents screened, among which 10 (7 observational and 3 experimental studies) met the selection criteria. The reported post-COVID-19 symptoms and signs associated with physical health included dyspnea, fatigue, diarrhea, and sarcopenia, abnormal lung function, cardiac pathology, immunological changes, reduced physical performance, respectively, while those associated with mental health included depression, poor concentration and memory, and anxiety. Patients with higher body mass indexes were more likely to experience more symptoms. Older patients had greater difficulties in performing daily activities and mobility. A multidisciplinary-based PA program is suggested to be feasible and effective in improving fatigue, ability to walk, balance, and cognitive function. For patients with sarcopenia, a low-intensity aerobic training exercise appears to improve muscle strength, kinesiophobia, and quality of life. Conclusion: Various post-COVID-19 symptoms have been reported along with their risk factors, and PA programs are potentially used for managing these symptoms. More research, however, is recommended to explore the PA program for specific post-COVID-19 symptoms.","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46721235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.27
Ekaitz Dudagoitia Barrio, C. Álvarez, R. Thapa, A. Ramachandran, Utkarsh Singh, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
Background: Altering moderator variables during a jump rope training (JRT) program can provide a novel training modification that can be used to modify the specific training outcomes. JRT is commonly implemented as a traditional game activity in many countries as an old culture of physical activity in school-age participants (SAP). However, strength and conditioning professionals need to know how JRT moderator variables affect these health- and physical fitness outcomes. Thus, an evidence-gap map (EGM) could provides a clearer picture of the design of an appropriate JRT based on scientific evidence. Objective: the purpose of this systematic review secondary analysis was to assess the moderator variables related to JRT effectiveness for health and physical fitness-related outcomes in SAP. Method: literature searches were conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science and SCOPUS. The PICOS (participants, intervention, comparators, outcomes, and study design) approach was used to rate studies for eligibility. An EGM was constructed to graphically represent the body of evidence and the current research gaps. Results: 10,546 records were initially identified and finally, 8 studies were considered. A total of 186 participants were analysed in the intervention groups (16 groups). Five of Eight studies measured health-related parameters and five of eight included fitness-related parameters. Conclusion: rope weight (e.g., weighted rope i.e. 695 g), adequate post-exercise recovery strategies (e.g., dark chocolate supplementation), type of jump (e.g., freestyle), and total number of jumps, can be
背景:在跳绳训练(JRT)计划中改变调节变量可以提供一种新的训练修改，可以用来修改特定的训练结果。在许多国家，JRT通常作为一种传统的游戏活动来实施，作为学龄参与者(SAP)的一种古老的体育活动文化。然而，力量和调节专业人员需要知道JRT调节变量如何影响这些健康和身体健康结果。因此，证据缺口图(EGM)可以为基于科学证据的适当JRT的设计提供更清晰的画面。目的:本系统评价二次分析的目的是评估与JRT在SAP中对健康和身体健康相关结果的有效性相关的调节变量。方法:在PubMed、Web of Science和SCOPUS电子数据库中进行文献检索。PICOS(参与者、干预措施、比较者、结果和研究设计)方法用于评估研究的合格性。构建了一个EGM，以图形方式表示证据体和当前的研究差距。结果:最初确定了10,546条记录，最终纳入了8项研究。干预组(16组)共186名参与者进行了分析。八项研究中有五项测量了与健康相关的参数，八项研究中有五项包括了与健康相关的参数。结论:绳子的重量(例如，加权绳子，即695克)，适当的运动后恢复策略(例如，黑巧克力补充)，跳跃类型(例如，自由式)和总跳跃次数，可以
{"title":"Jump Rope Training for Health and Fitness in School-age Participants: Secondary Analyses from a Systematic Review","authors":"Ekaitz Dudagoitia Barrio, C. Álvarez, R. Thapa, A. Ramachandran, Utkarsh Singh, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.27","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Altering moderator variables during a jump rope training (JRT) program can provide a novel training modification that can be used to modify the specific training outcomes. JRT is commonly implemented as a traditional game activity in many countries as an old culture of physical activity in school-age participants (SAP). However, strength and conditioning professionals need to know how JRT moderator variables affect these health- and physical fitness outcomes. Thus, an evidence-gap map (EGM) could provides a clearer picture of the design of an appropriate JRT based on scientific evidence. Objective: the purpose of this systematic review secondary analysis was to assess the moderator variables related to JRT effectiveness for health and physical fitness-related outcomes in SAP. Method: literature searches were conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science and SCOPUS. The PICOS (participants, intervention, comparators, outcomes, and study design) approach was used to rate studies for eligibility. An EGM was constructed to graphically represent the body of evidence and the current research gaps. Results: 10,546 records were initially identified and finally, 8 studies were considered. A total of 186 participants were analysed in the intervention groups (16 groups). Five of Eight studies measured health-related parameters and five of eight included fitness-related parameters. Conclusion: rope weight (e.g., weighted rope i.e. 695 g), adequate post-exercise recovery strategies (e.g., dark chocolate supplementation), type of jump (e.g., freestyle), and total number of jumps, can be","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71367492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.1
Xiaoxia Zhang, Samantha L Moss, Xiangli Gu
Background of the study: The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply impacted people’s daily lives, while the influence on behaviors and mental health among college students at the early stage of this pandemic is rarely studied. Objective: This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the early stage on college students’ physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and depressive symptoms and its impact on sex and ethnic disparities in these outcomes. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 111 college students were recruited, and the data were collected before COVID-19 (n = 64) and in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 47), respectively. All participants completed a survey measuring depressive symptoms and wore an accelerometer to monitor PA behavior (light PA [LPA], moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA]), and sedentary behavior. Results: More MVPA engagement and lower levels of depressive symptoms were observed in the early-stage COVID-19 group compared to the before-COVID-19 group. The magnitude of the sex and ethnicity disparities in PA and depressive symptoms were reduced in the early-stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Understanding college students’ behaviors and mental health in the midst of a global crisis can be useful to determine appropriate strategies to address health and wellness in the chance of the lockdown returning and to further promote this vulnerable population’s physical and mental wellness.
{"title":"Disparities in Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms among Young Adults in the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Xiaoxia Zhang, Samantha L Moss, Xiangli Gu","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background of the study: The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply impacted people’s daily lives, while the influence on behaviors and mental health among college students at the early stage of this pandemic is rarely studied. Objective: This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the early stage on college students’ physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and depressive symptoms and its impact on sex and ethnic disparities in these outcomes. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 111 college students were recruited, and the data were collected before COVID-19 (n = 64) and in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 47), respectively. All participants completed a survey measuring depressive symptoms and wore an accelerometer to monitor PA behavior (light PA [LPA], moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA]), and sedentary behavior. Results: More MVPA engagement and lower levels of depressive symptoms were observed in the early-stage COVID-19 group compared to the before-COVID-19 group. The magnitude of the sex and ethnicity disparities in PA and depressive symptoms were reduced in the early-stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Understanding college students’ behaviors and mental health in the midst of a global crisis can be useful to determine appropriate strategies to address health and wellness in the chance of the lockdown returning and to further promote this vulnerable population’s physical and mental wellness.","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46942924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.53
Danladi Ibrahim Musa, Oluwatoyi O. Toriola, M. N. Abubakar, Sunday U. Jonathan, Daniel Iornyor, Agbana Busayo Emmanuel
Background: Abdominal adiposity is associated with high risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Waist circumference has been used as a surrogate measure of abdominal adipose tissue in both youth and adults. Objectives: The present study evaluated whether cardiorespiratory fitness and leg power (LP) were independently associated with abdominal adipose tissue in 12-16-year-old Nigerian adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 2047 (1087 girls and 960 boys) adolescents who were evaluated for cardiorespiratory fitness and leg power. The cardiorespiratory fitness and leg power were assessed using the progressive cardiovascular endurance run (PACER) test and the vertical jump (VJ) test, respectively. Abdominal adiposity was evaluated with the waist circumference (WC). Regression models controlling for age and maturity status were used to assess the association of fitness and LP with WC. Results: Low leg power had significant negative association with the risk of abdominal adiposity in both girls (β=-0.307; p0.001) and boys (β=-0.262; p0.001). The observed relationship was independent of fitness, whereas the relationship between fitness and risk of abdominal adiposity was partly determined by leg power. Conclusion: Leg power and fitness were independently associated with the risk of abdominal adiposity in adolescents, but the association of leg power was stronger in girls. Health promotion efforts targeting reduction of abdominal adipose tissue should also include muscular power training type activities in addition to endurance-related activities.
{"title":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Leg Muscle Power in Relation to Abdominal Adipose Tissue in Adolescents","authors":"Danladi Ibrahim Musa, Oluwatoyi O. Toriola, M. N. Abubakar, Sunday U. Jonathan, Daniel Iornyor, Agbana Busayo Emmanuel","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.11n.1p.53","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Abdominal adiposity is associated with high risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Waist circumference has been used as a surrogate measure of abdominal adipose tissue in both youth and adults. Objectives: The present study evaluated whether cardiorespiratory fitness and leg power (LP) were independently associated with abdominal adipose tissue in 12-16-year-old Nigerian adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 2047 (1087 girls and 960 boys) adolescents who were evaluated for cardiorespiratory fitness and leg power. The cardiorespiratory fitness and leg power were assessed using the progressive cardiovascular endurance run (PACER) test and the vertical jump (VJ) test, respectively. Abdominal adiposity was evaluated with the waist circumference (WC). Regression models controlling for age and maturity status were used to assess the association of fitness and LP with WC. Results: Low leg power had significant negative association with the risk of abdominal adiposity in both girls (β=-0.307; p0.001) and boys (β=-0.262; p0.001). The observed relationship was independent of fitness, whereas the relationship between fitness and risk of abdominal adiposity was partly determined by leg power. Conclusion: Leg power and fitness were independently associated with the risk of abdominal adiposity in adolescents, but the association of leg power was stronger in girls. Health promotion efforts targeting reduction of abdominal adipose tissue should also include muscular power training type activities in addition to endurance-related activities.","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47206295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.10n.4p.7
D. Ichikawa, T. Suzuki, John Patrick Sheahan, Taiki Miyazawad, I. Okuda
Background: Due to individual patterns of body and clubhead movement in golf, a uniform assessment method has been considered difficult. Objective: This study aimed to establish a statistical model that can assess a player’s shot performance in a short time by analyzing the relationship between the golf strokes and their clubhead movement data. Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational study, we analyzed the clubhead movement data of 15 driver shots (three sets of five shots) by 14 amateur golfers (AGs) and 14 skilled golfers (SGs). After performing warm-up, participants used their own drivers to hit at a crosshair-shaped target positioned in an indoor driving range. Data were captured for each parameter relating to clubhead movement at the moment of impact using the Doppler radar launch monitor (FlightScope X3). Results: Face-to-target angles showed significant interactions between three conditions (Set 1, Set 2, and Set 3) and two groups (AGs and SGs); SGs consistently displayed smaller angles in every set than their amateur counterparts (p0.5). A post-hoc test further increased the discrepancy between Sets 2 and 3 for AGs and SGs. In addition, a strong correlation was found between each participant’s average number of strokes and the mean clubhead speed (CHS) across 15 driver shots. A stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that CHS was a significant predictor of a player’s average number of strokes. Conclusion: SGs achieved extremely accurate clubface control during multiple hits with a high CHS. We found no trade-off relationship between a higher CHS and smaller face-to-target opening/closing in SGs.
{"title":"Relationship Between Variability in Clubhead Movement Using a Doppler Radar Launch Monitor and Golf Strokes Across 15 Driver Shots","authors":"D. Ichikawa, T. Suzuki, John Patrick Sheahan, Taiki Miyazawad, I. Okuda","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.10n.4p.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.10n.4p.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to individual patterns of body and clubhead movement in golf, a uniform assessment method has been considered difficult. Objective: This study aimed to establish a statistical model that can assess a player’s shot performance in a short time by analyzing the relationship between the golf strokes and their clubhead movement data. Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational study, we analyzed the clubhead movement data of 15 driver shots (three sets of five shots) by 14 amateur golfers (AGs) and 14 skilled golfers (SGs). After performing warm-up, participants used their own drivers to hit at a crosshair-shaped target positioned in an indoor driving range. Data were captured for each parameter relating to clubhead movement at the moment of impact using the Doppler radar launch monitor (FlightScope X3). Results: Face-to-target angles showed significant interactions between three conditions (Set 1, Set 2, and Set 3) and two groups (AGs and SGs); SGs consistently displayed smaller angles in every set than their amateur counterparts (p0.5). A post-hoc test further increased the discrepancy between Sets 2 and 3 for AGs and SGs. In addition, a strong correlation was found between each participant’s average number of strokes and the mean clubhead speed (CHS) across 15 driver shots. A stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that CHS was a significant predictor of a player’s average number of strokes. Conclusion: SGs achieved extremely accurate clubface control during multiple hits with a high CHS. We found no trade-off relationship between a higher CHS and smaller face-to-target opening/closing in SGs.","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49169856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.10n.4p.16
Maximiliano A. Torres-Banduc, D. Jérez-Mayorga, Álvaro Huerta Ojeda, C. Bishop, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
Background: The knee-joint isokinetic profile (KJIP) injury risk factor may be modulated by chronological age, however, comparative data for elite male soccer players aged 25 years and older is lacking. Objective: To describe and compare the knee-joint isokinetic profile (KJIP) according to the chronological age of professional male soccer players. Method: In a cross-sectional study design, sixty-three soccer athletes from the first Chilean soccer division (A-series) were divided into younger and older groups (age ≤ 25 years; n = 35 and age 25 years; n = 28, respectively). In both groups the IPKJ was assessed at 60°.s-1 in concentric mode. Results: The older group had lower extensor peak torque (p .05). The younger group showed correlations between flexors peak torque and extensors mean power (p .001). In the older group, flexors peak torque and flexors mean power were correlated. The flexors peak torque, total work, and mean power symmetric index (SI) exhibited values 10 % for both groups. The extensors SI showed values 10 % for mean power, although only in the older group. Conclusion: Several differences in the KJIP were noted between professional male soccer players aged ≤ 25 years and 25 years. Current results offer injury prevention insights, discussed in the current manuscript.
{"title":"Age-dependent Knee Joint Isokinetic Profile in Professional Male Soccer Players","authors":"Maximiliano A. Torres-Banduc, D. Jérez-Mayorga, Álvaro Huerta Ojeda, C. Bishop, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo","doi":"10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.10n.4p.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.10n.4p.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The knee-joint isokinetic profile (KJIP) injury risk factor may be modulated by chronological age, however, comparative data for elite male soccer players aged 25 years and older is lacking. Objective: To describe and compare the knee-joint isokinetic profile (KJIP) according to the chronological age of professional male soccer players. Method: In a cross-sectional study design, sixty-three soccer athletes from the first Chilean soccer division (A-series) were divided into younger and older groups (age ≤ 25 years; n = 35 and age 25 years; n = 28, respectively). In both groups the IPKJ was assessed at 60°.s-1 in concentric mode. Results: The older group had lower extensor peak torque (p .05). The younger group showed correlations between flexors peak torque and extensors mean power (p .001). In the older group, flexors peak torque and flexors mean power were correlated. The flexors peak torque, total work, and mean power symmetric index (SI) exhibited values 10 % for both groups. The extensors SI showed values 10 % for mean power, although only in the older group. Conclusion: Several differences in the KJIP were noted between professional male soccer players aged ≤ 25 years and 25 years. Current results offer injury prevention insights, discussed in the current manuscript.","PeriodicalId":36327,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49179199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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