Jidda Dawud, M. K. Lawan, S. M. Jajere, A. Muhammad, S. Jauro, Ashemi Yusuf Hassan, P. Ghamba, A. Tijjani
This study was designed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of Giardia lamblia infection among cattle in Jere local government area (LGA) of Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria. A total of 279 faecal samples were randomly collected from 12 cattle herds of the six wards of Jere LGA. The samples were screened for Giardia lamblia antigens with Copro-antigen Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Risk factors were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test where appropriate, and multivariable logistic regression. The overall prevalence of Giardia lamblia infection among cattle was 5.7% (95% CI = 3.20, 8.60). Location-specific prevalence of 5.4% (95% CI = 1.1, 9.8), 4.3% (95% CI = 0.0, 10.6), 4.3% (95% CI = 0.0, 10.6), 8.7% (95% CI = 0.0, 21.7), 6.4% (95% CI = 0.0, 14.9) and 8.7% (95% CI = 0.0, 21.7) for Old Maiduguri, Khaddamari, Bale Galtimari, Mashamari, Maimusari and Dusuman wards were respectively detected among the cattle herds. Multivariable logistic regression model revealed that Giardia lamblia positivity among cattle could be strongly predicted by age (Young cattle ≤ 1 year; OR = 32.0; 95% CI = 8.40, 120.13; p < 0.0001). The even spread of the infection among cattle throughout the wards could be described as endemic in Jere LGA suggesting high risk potential for infection of cattle handlers from calves. Therefore, further studies on genetic characterization to determine the incriminating assemblage as well as public enlightenment of cattle handlers on the public health significance of giardiasis in the study area was recommended.
{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors associated with Giardia lamblia infection among cattle from Jere local government area of Borno state, Northeastern Nigeria","authors":"Jidda Dawud, M. K. Lawan, S. M. Jajere, A. Muhammad, S. Jauro, Ashemi Yusuf Hassan, P. Ghamba, A. Tijjani","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.006","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of Giardia lamblia infection among cattle in Jere local government area (LGA) of Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria. A total of 279 faecal samples were randomly collected from 12 cattle herds of the six wards of Jere LGA. The samples were screened for Giardia lamblia antigens with Copro-antigen Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Risk factors were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test where appropriate, and multivariable logistic regression. The overall prevalence of Giardia lamblia infection among cattle was 5.7% (95% CI = 3.20, 8.60). Location-specific prevalence of 5.4% (95% CI = 1.1, 9.8), 4.3% (95% CI = 0.0, 10.6), 4.3% (95% CI = 0.0, 10.6), 8.7% (95% CI = 0.0, 21.7), 6.4% (95% CI = 0.0, 14.9) and 8.7% (95% CI = 0.0, 21.7) for Old Maiduguri, Khaddamari, Bale Galtimari, Mashamari, Maimusari and Dusuman wards were respectively detected among the cattle herds. Multivariable logistic regression model revealed that Giardia lamblia positivity among cattle could be strongly predicted by age (Young cattle ≤ 1 year; OR = 32.0; 95% CI = 8.40, 120.13; p < 0.0001). The even spread of the infection among cattle throughout the wards could be described as endemic in Jere LGA suggesting high risk potential for infection of cattle handlers from calves. Therefore, further studies on genetic characterization to determine the incriminating assemblage as well as public enlightenment of cattle handlers on the public health significance of giardiasis in the study area was recommended.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47546892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Nguyen, Tran Tuyet Mai Duong, T. Tran, Phuoc Thanh Lam
An experiment was conducted as a 4×4 Latin square design using 4 lactating Saanen goats, 19 months old and 47.9±1.04 kg of body weight, to evaluate the effect of oil and grape seed tannin extract (GSTE) supplementation on feed intake, digestibility, milk yield and milk composition. Each experimental period lasted for 21 days including 16 days for adjustment and 5 days for sampling. Goats were fed a control diet (Ctrl) consisting of 60% concentrate and 40% fresh Para grass (dry matter, DM, basis) while other 3 treatments were supplementation of 2.5% soybean oil (SO); 2.5% soybean oil + tuna fish oil at 3:2 w:w (SFO); 2.5% soybean oil + tuna fish oil at 3:2 w:w + 0.8% GSTE (OCT). The results showed that oil and GSTE did not affect feed intake, digestibility, milk yield and composition of goats (P > 0.05). However, digestibility of EE was higher (P < 0.05) in SFO and OCT diets (85.4% and 84.7%, respectively) compared with Ctrl (76.2%). Combined data suggested that feeding 2.5% oil blend with or without 0.8% GSTE increased EE digestibility in goats without affecting intake, animal performance and milk composition.
{"title":"Effects of oil and grape seed tannin extract on intakes, digestibility, milk yield and composition of Saanen goats","authors":"T. Nguyen, Tran Tuyet Mai Duong, T. Tran, Phuoc Thanh Lam","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.004","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted as a 4×4 Latin square design using 4 lactating Saanen goats, 19 months old and 47.9±1.04 kg of body weight, to evaluate the effect of oil and grape seed tannin extract (GSTE) supplementation on feed intake, digestibility, milk yield and milk composition. Each experimental period lasted for 21 days including 16 days for adjustment and 5 days for sampling. Goats were fed a control diet (Ctrl) consisting of 60% concentrate and 40% fresh Para grass (dry matter, DM, basis) while other 3 treatments were supplementation of 2.5% soybean oil (SO); 2.5% soybean oil + tuna fish oil at 3:2 w:w (SFO); 2.5% soybean oil + tuna fish oil at 3:2 w:w + 0.8% GSTE (OCT). The results showed that oil and GSTE did not affect feed intake, digestibility, milk yield and composition of goats (P > 0.05). However, digestibility of EE was higher (P < 0.05) in SFO and OCT diets (85.4% and 84.7%, respectively) compared with Ctrl (76.2%). Combined data suggested that feeding 2.5% oil blend with or without 0.8% GSTE increased EE digestibility in goats without affecting intake, animal performance and milk composition.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43829015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phuc Le Hoang Nguyen, Cam Tran Ly Thi, Thu Thi Anh Phan, Thoaī Nguyen, Lam Thi Thao Vo, Q. Dinh
The present study reported an alternative way of sex-determining for scaleless worm goby Caragobius urolepis based on the regression relationship of some morphological parameters. A total of 328 samples were collected at the trawl nets in two coastal regions in Bac Lieu and Ca Mau from April to August 2022. After collection, the samples were transported to the laboratory in order to measure the total length (TL), body height (BD), head length (HL), the distance of eye (DE), and mouth width (MD) before surgery for accurate sex determination based on gonads. Regression analysis results of TL-BD (growth pattern A+ in females and I in males), TL-HL (growth pattern A+ in females and A- in males), and TL- MD (growth pattern A- in females and A+ in males) could be used to determine the sex of this fish. Moreover, TL-DE and TL-BD could be used to estimate when the samples were collected, e.g , in the dry or wet season, because DE and BD displayed A+ in the wet season but A- in the dry one. The findings could be used as an alternative way to determine fish sex and catching season for this species and others in the Mekong Delta.
{"title":"Morphometrics allometry changes and sexual dimorphism in Caragobius urolepis (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae)","authors":"Phuc Le Hoang Nguyen, Cam Tran Ly Thi, Thu Thi Anh Phan, Thoaī Nguyen, Lam Thi Thao Vo, Q. Dinh","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.003","url":null,"abstract":"The present study reported an alternative way of sex-determining for scaleless worm goby Caragobius urolepis based on the regression relationship of some morphological parameters. A total of 328 samples were collected at the trawl nets in two coastal regions in Bac Lieu and Ca Mau from April to August 2022. After collection, the samples were transported to the laboratory in order to measure the total length (TL), body height (BD), head length (HL), the distance of eye (DE), and mouth width (MD) before surgery for accurate sex determination based on gonads. Regression analysis results of TL-BD (growth pattern A+ in females and I in males), TL-HL (growth pattern A+ in females and A- in males), and TL- MD (growth pattern A- in females and A+ in males) could be used to determine the sex of this fish. Moreover, TL-DE and TL-BD could be used to estimate when the samples were collected, e.g , in the dry or wet season, because DE and BD displayed A+ in the wet season but A- in the dry one. The findings could be used as an alternative way to determine fish sex and catching season for this species and others in the Mekong Delta.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47443449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vu Dung Minh, T. Meeyam, F. Unger, G. Gölz, P. T. Ngoc, T. Giang, T. Alter, D. Pichpol
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. on fresh chicken carcasses at retail markets in four selected urban districts in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 107 chicken carcass samples were collected. Campylobacter spp. was found on 44 chicken carcasses and accounted for a prevalence of 41.1%. Among the Campylobacter species detected, C. coli was the predominant Campylobacter spp., being detected in 24 of the 44 samples, followed by C. jejuni, detected in 19 of 44 samples. One carcass was positive for both C. jejuni and C. coli. The high prevalence of zoonotic C. jejuni and C.coli on chicken carcasses emphasizes the need to enhance awareness of the public and relevant stakeholders on food safety and foodborne diseases in Vietnam.
{"title":"Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. on retail fresh chicken carcasses in Hanoi, Vietnam","authors":"Vu Dung Minh, T. Meeyam, F. Unger, G. Gölz, P. T. Ngoc, T. Giang, T. Alter, D. Pichpol","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.017","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. on fresh chicken carcasses at retail markets in four selected urban districts in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 107 chicken carcass samples were collected. Campylobacter spp. was found on 44 chicken carcasses and accounted for a prevalence of 41.1%. Among the Campylobacter species detected, C. coli was the predominant Campylobacter spp., being detected in 24 of the 44 samples, followed by C. jejuni, detected in 19 of 44 samples. One carcass was positive for both C. jejuni and C. coli. The high prevalence of zoonotic C. jejuni and C.coli on chicken carcasses emphasizes the need to enhance awareness of the public and relevant stakeholders on food safety and foodborne diseases in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45141961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study supplemented the way of sex determination of fish based on the regression relationship of some morphological indicators of Mystus mysticetus. A total of 425 fish specimens were collected by trawl nets at Cai Rang - Can Tho and Long Phu - Soc Trang from January to July 2022. After collection, the fish were transferred to the laboratory to determine their total length (TL), standard length (SL), eye diameter (ED), eye distance (DE), body height (BD), head length (HL), and mouth width (MD) before anatomy for sex determination based on gonads. The regression analysis results of TL-SL, TL-ED, TL-DE, TL-BD, TL-HL, and TL-MD showed that SL, DE, and MD could be used to determine the sex of this fish species because SL and DE were dominant in growth in males, and MD was prevalent in females. In addition, SL could be used to determine the sampling time and HL to determine the distribution environment.
{"title":"Sex discrimination based on morphological traits in Mystus mysticetus Roberts, 1992","authors":"Thu Quynh Phan, Anh Ngoc Tran, Lam Thi Thao Vo, Q. Dinh","doi":"10.12982/vis.2022.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2022.050","url":null,"abstract":"This study supplemented the way of sex determination of fish based on the regression relationship of some morphological indicators of Mystus mysticetus. A total of 425 fish specimens were collected by trawl nets at Cai Rang - Can Tho and Long Phu - Soc Trang from January to July 2022. After collection, the fish were transferred to the laboratory to determine their total length (TL), standard length (SL), eye diameter (ED), eye distance (DE), body height (BD), head length (HL), and mouth width (MD) before anatomy for sex determination based on gonads. The regression analysis results of TL-SL, TL-ED, TL-DE, TL-BD, TL-HL, and TL-MD showed that SL, DE, and MD could be used to determine the sex of this fish species because SL and DE were dominant in growth in males, and MD was prevalent in females. In addition, SL could be used to determine the sampling time and HL to determine the distribution environment.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48450379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Japanese encephalitis is considered an essential disease-causing swine reproductive failure in Asian countries; however, significant knowledge gaps remain about this problem in actual cases. This study examined 55 cases of reproductive failure in sows, including one abortion and 54 full-term farrowing litters, to find the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and specific antibodies against JEV. Haemagglutination test was used to detect specific antibodies against JEV from 63 samples of fetal thoracic fluids and newborn un-suckling piglet sera (54 thoracic fluid samples of dead fetuses, two thoracic fluid samples of abortion fetuses, seven sera samples of weakly newborn un-suckling piglets), viral isolation and RT- PCR technique was attempted from 60 brains of fetuses and newborn un-suckling piglets, histopathology sections of fetal brains which were positive with JEV confirmed by HI test and RT-PCR were also made. The results showed that 17.46% (11/63) of thoracic fluids and sera were positive for JEV. No JEV isolation was found from 60 brain samples of dead fetuses and piglets, but RNA of JEV were detected from 5 of them (8.33%). Our results suggest that JEV should be considered the important cause of swine reproductive failure in Viet Nam.
{"title":"Detection of Japanese encephalitis virus and its specific antibody in abnormal swine litters in Vietnam","authors":"T. Ho, Huynh Ngoc Trang, D. Nguyen","doi":"10.12982/vis.2022.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2022.057","url":null,"abstract":"Japanese encephalitis is considered an essential disease-causing swine reproductive failure in Asian countries; however, significant knowledge gaps remain about this problem in actual cases. This study examined 55 cases of reproductive failure in sows, including one abortion and 54 full-term farrowing litters, to find the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and specific antibodies against JEV. Haemagglutination test was used to detect specific antibodies against JEV from 63 samples of fetal thoracic fluids and newborn un-suckling piglet sera (54 thoracic fluid samples of dead fetuses, two thoracic fluid samples of abortion fetuses, seven sera samples of weakly newborn un-suckling piglets), viral isolation and RT- PCR technique was attempted from 60 brains of fetuses and newborn un-suckling piglets, histopathology sections of fetal brains which were positive with JEV confirmed by HI test and RT-PCR were also made. The results showed that 17.46% (11/63) of thoracic fluids and sera were positive for JEV. No JEV isolation was found from 60 brain samples of dead fetuses and piglets, but RNA of JEV were detected from 5 of them (8.33%). Our results suggest that JEV should be considered the important cause of swine reproductive failure in Viet Nam.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43057100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three chicken genotypes were involved in the study with the objectives of evaluating fertility, hatchability, and growth performance of three chicken genotypes. For the experiment, 1550 (600 of indigenous, 450 of Sasso, 500 of crossed) eggs were labelled and incubated. The data were analyzed using SAS. Relatively higher proportion of fertility was observed for the eggs collected from Sasso (89.6%) followed by crossed eggs (72.8%). Correspondingly, hatchability was higher for Sasso. Body weight was increased from 27.9 to 321.7 g for indigenous, 36.8 to 431.2 g for Sasso, and 32.4 to 353.4 g for crossbred from week0 to week7. Agroecology by genotype had a significant (p<0.05) influence on the growth performance of the chickens during week11 and week15. The interaction between agroecology and sex was significantly influenced growth rate of the chickens in all weeks of their age, except the chickens at their 11th weeks of age. Genotype by sex interaction had highly significant effect in the growth performance of the chickens at their 11th, 15th, and 20th weeks age. The chickens’ growth has been influenced by the interaction among agroecology, genotype, and sex. Higher proportion of indigenous (22%) and Sasso (24%) birds were died in highland in between W7-13, however higher proportion of crossbred birds were lost in lowland for same week interval. Considering the most parametes of chickens, midland agroecology is more promising for their production. This is because, better feed resources, climatic condition, and awareness of farmers how to manage their birds.
{"title":"Evaluation of fertility, hatchability, and growth performance of indigenous, sasso and their F1 cross chicken genotypes in Southern Ethiopia","authors":"B. Bekele, A. Melesse, W. Esatu, T. Dessie","doi":"10.12982/vis.2022.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2022.045","url":null,"abstract":"Three chicken genotypes were involved in the study with the objectives of evaluating fertility, hatchability, and growth performance of three chicken genotypes. For the experiment, 1550 (600 of indigenous, 450 of Sasso, 500 of crossed) eggs were labelled and incubated. The data were analyzed using SAS. Relatively higher proportion of fertility was observed for the eggs collected from Sasso (89.6%) followed by crossed eggs (72.8%). Correspondingly, hatchability was higher for Sasso. Body weight was increased from 27.9 to 321.7 g for indigenous, 36.8 to 431.2 g for Sasso, and 32.4 to 353.4 g for crossbred from week0 to week7. Agroecology by genotype had a significant (p<0.05) influence on the growth performance of the chickens during week11 and week15. The interaction between agroecology and sex was significantly influenced growth rate of the chickens in all weeks of their age, except the chickens at their 11th weeks of age. Genotype by sex interaction had highly significant effect in the growth performance of the chickens at their 11th, 15th, and 20th weeks age. The chickens’ growth has been influenced by the interaction among agroecology, genotype, and sex. Higher proportion of indigenous (22%) and Sasso (24%) birds were died in highland in between W7-13, however higher proportion of crossbred birds were lost in lowland for same week interval. Considering the most parametes of chickens, midland agroecology is more promising for their production. This is because, better feed resources, climatic condition, and awareness of farmers how to manage their birds.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45364027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Srisuwatanasagul, Siriluck Jantautsa, S. Manee-in, Kongkiat Srisuwatanasagul, Rungrueang Yodsheewan, Amornthep Archawakulathep, P. Yamsakul, A. Roongsitthichai
The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the testicular tissues of male fattening pigs injected with the first gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine (Improvac™, Zoetis, Thailand) for immunocastration 6 weeks earlier than the standard protocol. All pigs (n=24) were divided into three groups on the criterion of immunocastration protocol: A (n=8) was injected with GnRH vaccine at 15 and 19 weeks old, B (n=8) received GnRH vaccine at 9 and 19 weeks old, and C (n=8) remained untreated. Expression of ERα was investigated using an immunohistochemistry, appraised by an image analysis application (3DHISTECH, Budapest, Hungary), and reported as a H-score. The results revealed that testicular histoarchitecture of the immunocastrated pigs was less developed than that of the intact pigs. ERα was localized both in the seminiferous tubules and interstitial areas of all groups. ERα H-score of the C pigs was lowest (5.49±4.17) among groups and significantly lower than that of both A and B groups (P<0.05). However, the H-score of ERα between A and B groups was not different from each other (21.41±12.61 vs 23.91±11.47, P>0.05). In summary, the first injection of GnRH vaccine either at 9 or 15 weeks of age contributed to a similar result of testicular ERα expression.
本研究的目的是检测雄性育肥猪睾丸组织中雌激素受体α (ERα)的表达，这些育肥猪比标准方案提前6周注射了第一种促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)疫苗(Improvac™，Zoetis，泰国)进行免疫去势。24头猪按免疫去势方案分为3组:A组(n=8)在15、19周龄注射GnRH疫苗，B组(n=8)在9、19周龄注射GnRH疫苗，C组(n=8)不注射。采用免疫组织化学方法检测ERα的表达，通过图像分析应用程序(3DHISTECH, Budapest, Hungary)进行评价，并以h评分报告。结果表明，免疫阉割猪的睾丸组织结构发育程度低于未阉割猪。ERα在各组精小管和间质区均有分布。C组ERα h评分最低(5.49±4.17)，显著低于A组和B组(P0.05)。总之，在9周龄或15周龄时首次注射GnRH疫苗对睾丸ERα表达的影响相似。
{"title":"Estrogen receptor alpha expression in fattening pig’s testes by the timing of the first injection for immunocastration","authors":"S. Srisuwatanasagul, Siriluck Jantautsa, S. Manee-in, Kongkiat Srisuwatanasagul, Rungrueang Yodsheewan, Amornthep Archawakulathep, P. Yamsakul, A. Roongsitthichai","doi":"10.12982/vis.2022.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2022.041","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the testicular tissues of male fattening pigs injected with the first gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine (Improvac™, Zoetis, Thailand) for immunocastration 6 weeks earlier than the standard protocol. All pigs (n=24) were divided into three groups on the criterion of immunocastration protocol: A (n=8) was injected with GnRH vaccine at 15 and 19 weeks old, B (n=8) received GnRH vaccine at 9 and 19 weeks old, and C (n=8) remained untreated. Expression of ERα was investigated using an immunohistochemistry, appraised by an image analysis application (3DHISTECH, Budapest, Hungary), and reported as a H-score. The results revealed that testicular histoarchitecture of the immunocastrated pigs was less developed than that of the intact pigs. ERα was localized both in the seminiferous tubules and interstitial areas of all groups. ERα H-score of the C pigs was lowest (5.49±4.17) among groups and significantly lower than that of both A and B groups (P<0.05). However, the H-score of ERα between A and B groups was not different from each other (21.41±12.61 vs 23.91±11.47, P>0.05). In summary, the first injection of GnRH vaccine either at 9 or 15 weeks of age contributed to a similar result of testicular ERα expression.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44001965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sentina Rhea T. Reyno, L. J. Gonzaga, E. A. Gonzaga
The usual control for gastrointestinal parasites is the use of commercial anthelmintics. However, parasites are becoming more resistant due to the frequent and inappropriate use of these anthelmintics. As a result, alternatives for these anthelmintics are becoming increasingly widespread for deworming livestock, particularly those that come from natural sources. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of mango (var. Carabao) seed extract in reducing the egg per gram counts of common gastrointestinal nematodes in pigs and compare the efficacy with that of levamisole. Experimental animals were naturally infected pigs with Trichuris spp. and Strongyloides spp. being the most predominant. The animals were administered orally with a single dose of the mango seed extract at concentrations of 600, 700, and 800 mg per kg bodyweight. The extract, regardless of concentration, was able to decrease the epg counts. Within 14 days post-treatment, there was no significant difference in the efficacies in the administration of 800 mg extract per kg bodyweight and levamisole. This comparable efficacy was sustained until 28 days post-treatment. This significant in vivo anthelmintic activity may be attributed to the tannins and flavonoids present in the extract. These results indicate that the mango seed extract is effective in controlling and reducing the gastrointestinal nematodes in pigs and may have the potential to be further developed as an anthelmintic.
{"title":"Anthelmintic efficacy of mango seed extract on porcine gastrointestinal nematodes","authors":"Sentina Rhea T. Reyno, L. J. Gonzaga, E. A. Gonzaga","doi":"10.12982/vis.2022.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2022.038","url":null,"abstract":"The usual control for gastrointestinal parasites is the use of commercial anthelmintics. However, parasites are becoming more resistant due to the frequent and inappropriate use of these anthelmintics. As a result, alternatives for these anthelmintics are becoming increasingly widespread for deworming livestock, particularly those that come from natural sources. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of mango (var. Carabao) seed extract in reducing the egg per gram counts of common gastrointestinal nematodes in pigs and compare the efficacy with that of levamisole. Experimental animals were naturally infected pigs with Trichuris spp. and Strongyloides spp. being the most predominant. The animals were administered orally with a single dose of the mango seed extract at concentrations of 600, 700, and 800 mg per kg bodyweight. The extract, regardless of concentration, was able to decrease the epg counts. Within 14 days post-treatment, there was no significant difference in the efficacies in the administration of 800 mg extract per kg bodyweight and levamisole. This comparable efficacy was sustained until 28 days post-treatment. This significant in vivo anthelmintic activity may be attributed to the tannins and flavonoids present in the extract. These results indicate that the mango seed extract is effective in controlling and reducing the gastrointestinal nematodes in pigs and may have the potential to be further developed as an anthelmintic.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47141603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tien Thach Duong, Khac Cuong Bui, Van Tong Hoang, Van Chi Vo, K. Ngo, Thi Phuong Hien Nguyen, V. H. Nong, Y. Combarnous, Thi Mong Diep Nguyen
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG) previously named Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) has been widely used since the 40s in animal reproduction control. It is extracted from the blood of pregnant mares between days 40 and 120 of gestation. Animal welfare organizations have voiced concerns against mares bleeding conditions. There is currently no effective substitute for the natural PMSG. In this review, we summarize the basic knowledge of the structure and biology of eCG, and the research on recombinant eCG production in the past five years.
{"title":"Natural and recombinant equine chorionic gonadotropins past and future in animal reproductive technology","authors":"Tien Thach Duong, Khac Cuong Bui, Van Tong Hoang, Van Chi Vo, K. Ngo, Thi Phuong Hien Nguyen, V. H. Nong, Y. Combarnous, Thi Mong Diep Nguyen","doi":"10.12982/vis.2022.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2022.058","url":null,"abstract":"Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG) previously named Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) has been widely used since the 40s in animal reproduction control. It is extracted from the blood of pregnant mares between days 40 and 120 of gestation. Animal welfare organizations have voiced concerns against mares bleeding conditions. There is currently no effective substitute for the natural PMSG. In this review, we summarize the basic knowledge of the structure and biology of eCG, and the research on recombinant eCG production in the past five years.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44895803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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