J. N. Sadeq, Saad H. Al-Husseiny, Balsam Miri Mizher Al Muhana, Q. H. Kshash, Assad Jasim
Recent studies identified that Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ECO157H7) causes hemorrhagic colitis in humans, a rare spectrum of diarrheal illness. According to the findings of epidemiological investigations, cattle serve as the principal reservoirs for this bacterium. This study was conducted to understand the incidence of ECO157H7 in houseflies (HFs), a key disease vector. HFs (n = 40) were collected from cattle barns. The HFs were cultured on MacConkey (MC) agars, and any suspected colonies were grown on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar. EMB-based metallic sheen colonies were grown on specific media, such as sorbitol Chromagar (SCA) and cefixime tellurite sorbitol-MacConkey (CT–SMAC) agar. Sorbitol non-fermenting (SNF) isolates were subjected to a commercial latex agglutination kit to identify the existence of O157 group. The results recorded 31/40 (77.5%) E. coli isolates identified from HF samples. The findings revealed that only 18/31 (58%) were from the SNF isolates. The identities of the isolates were further examined by targeting the rfbO157 and fliCH7 genes, as genetic markers in a PCR method. The PCR results reported 10/18 (55.5%) and 12/18 (66.6%) isolates that carried the rfbO157 and fliCH7 genes, respectively. Our research revealed that HFs represent a harbor for the pathogenic E. coli. The ecology and way this bacterium spreads among animals and across the environment may depend heavily on the presence of ECO157H7 in agricultural environments.
{"title":"Isolation and identification of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from houseflies (Musca domestica L) at cattle barns in Al-Qadisiyah Province, Iraq","authors":"J. N. Sadeq, Saad H. Al-Husseiny, Balsam Miri Mizher Al Muhana, Q. H. Kshash, Assad Jasim","doi":"10.12982/vis.2024.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2024.006","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies identified that Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ECO157H7) causes hemorrhagic colitis in humans, a rare spectrum of diarrheal illness. According to the findings of epidemiological investigations, cattle serve as the principal reservoirs for this bacterium. This study was conducted to understand the incidence of ECO157H7 in houseflies (HFs), a key disease vector. HFs (n = 40) were collected from cattle barns. The HFs were cultured on MacConkey (MC) agars, and any suspected colonies were grown on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar. EMB-based metallic sheen colonies were grown on specific media, such as sorbitol Chromagar (SCA) and cefixime tellurite sorbitol-MacConkey (CT–SMAC) agar. Sorbitol non-fermenting (SNF) isolates were subjected to a commercial latex agglutination kit to identify the existence of O157 group. The results recorded 31/40 (77.5%) E. coli isolates identified from HF samples. The findings revealed that only 18/31 (58%) were from the SNF isolates. The identities of the isolates were further examined by targeting the rfbO157 and fliCH7 genes, as genetic markers in a PCR method. The PCR results reported 10/18 (55.5%) and 12/18 (66.6%) isolates that carried the rfbO157 and fliCH7 genes, respectively. Our research revealed that HFs represent a harbor for the pathogenic E. coli. The ecology and way this bacterium spreads among animals and across the environment may depend heavily on the presence of ECO157H7 in agricultural environments.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cuong Ngo Phu, Khanh Nguyen Phuc, Dao Tran Thi Anh, Tien Van My, T. Q. Le, Bich Tran Ngoc
Infectious bursal disease is a highly contagious and economically devastating disease in the poultry industry worldwide caused by Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). However, the data on epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the IBDV outbreak in broiler flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam is unclear. Herein, the epidemiological data of IBDV–positive flocks over a period of 2015–2018 were recorded and the hypervariable region of the VP2 gene of IBDV was amplified to analyze the local phylogeny. The current investigation showed that the overall morbidity and mortality rates of IBDV–positive flocks were 45% and 4.81%, respectively. The IBDV–positive birds occurred clinical signs and macroscopic findings involved with the very virulent (vv) IBDV outbreak. Epidemiological results revealed that IBDV was frequently infected in broiler flocks at 12–42 days, and birds belonging to Tau Vang and Binh Dinh breeds were more sensitive to IBDV. Also, the morbidity rate of IBDV was dramatically decreased in the open farming system. Flocks with complete vaccination significantly dropped morbidity in comparison with other groups. Regarding phylogenetic analysis, all identified IBDV sequences clustered in the same branch of vv phenotype and closely homology with prior strains circulated in Vietnam and other countries. These findings first indicated the epidemiological characteristics of the IBDV–positive broiler flocks in the Mekong Delta and highlighted the IBDV strain circulating in this region.
{"title":"Epidemiological and molecular characteristics of Infectious bursal disease virus naturally infected in the broiler flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam during 2015 and 2018","authors":"Cuong Ngo Phu, Khanh Nguyen Phuc, Dao Tran Thi Anh, Tien Van My, T. Q. Le, Bich Tran Ngoc","doi":"10.12982/vis.2024.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2024.019","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious bursal disease is a highly contagious and economically devastating disease in the poultry industry worldwide caused by Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). However, the data on epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the IBDV outbreak in broiler flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam is unclear. Herein, the epidemiological data of IBDV–positive flocks over a period of 2015–2018 were recorded and the hypervariable region of the VP2 gene of IBDV was amplified to analyze the local phylogeny. The current investigation showed that the overall morbidity and mortality rates of IBDV–positive flocks were 45% and 4.81%, respectively. The IBDV–positive birds occurred clinical signs and macroscopic findings involved with the very virulent (vv) IBDV outbreak. Epidemiological results revealed that IBDV was frequently infected in broiler flocks at 12–42 days, and birds belonging to Tau Vang and Binh Dinh breeds were more sensitive to IBDV. Also, the morbidity rate of IBDV was dramatically decreased in the open farming system. Flocks with complete vaccination significantly dropped morbidity in comparison with other groups. Regarding phylogenetic analysis, all identified IBDV sequences clustered in the same branch of vv phenotype and closely homology with prior strains circulated in Vietnam and other countries. These findings first indicated the epidemiological characteristics of the IBDV–positive broiler flocks in the Mekong Delta and highlighted the IBDV strain circulating in this region.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gemerlyn G. Garcia, Madison Munar, Marvin Bryan Salinas, Gener D. Gregorio, M. Mananggit
A study that evaluated the molecular characteristics to confirm the identity of the African Swine Fever (ASF) pathogen from emerging cases of infection in Central Luzon, Philippines was initiated. The study involved the collection of 125 blood samples from pigs during the four-month duration of the study when clinical signs of ASF was prevalent in the four out of seven provinces of Central Luzon, Philippines. This work included the amplification of the p72 gene in DNA samples through PCR and confirmation of the identity of the ASF pathogen through DNA sequencing. The DNA sequences of the p72 gene of the ASF pathogen are made up of 412 nucleotides and used as a basis in identifying the Philippine ASF pathogens as ASF virus PH/CL 4/2022, ASF virus PH/CL 3/2022, ASF virus PH/CL 2/2022 and ASF virus PH/CL 1/2022. Philippines ASF virus isolates showed 100% sequence similarity with sequences reported from Malaysia ASF isolate MVZT218/2021, Vietnam ASF isolate D/ASFV/VN/DN-VC/2019, and India ASF isolate ASF/MZ/IND/3 based on BLASTN homology search in the NCBI database. The results of the study revealed close phylogenetic relationships among ASF isolates from Vietnam, Malaysia, India and the Philippines.
{"title":"Molecular characterization and identification of African Swine Fever virus isolates from emerging cases of infection in Central Luzon, Philippines","authors":"Gemerlyn G. Garcia, Madison Munar, Marvin Bryan Salinas, Gener D. Gregorio, M. Mananggit","doi":"10.12982/vis.2024.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2024.009","url":null,"abstract":"A study that evaluated the molecular characteristics to confirm the identity of the African Swine Fever (ASF) pathogen from emerging cases of infection in Central Luzon, Philippines was initiated. The study involved the collection of 125 blood samples from pigs during the four-month duration of the study when clinical signs of ASF was prevalent in the four out of seven provinces of Central Luzon, Philippines. This work included the amplification of the p72 gene in DNA samples through PCR and confirmation of the identity of the ASF pathogen through DNA sequencing. The DNA sequences of the p72 gene of the ASF pathogen are made up of 412 nucleotides and used as a basis in identifying the Philippine ASF pathogens as ASF virus PH/CL 4/2022, ASF virus PH/CL 3/2022, ASF virus PH/CL 2/2022 and ASF virus PH/CL 1/2022. Philippines ASF virus isolates showed 100% sequence similarity with sequences reported from Malaysia ASF isolate MVZT218/2021, Vietnam ASF isolate D/ASFV/VN/DN-VC/2019, and India ASF isolate ASF/MZ/IND/3 based on BLASTN homology search in the NCBI database. The results of the study revealed close phylogenetic relationships among ASF isolates from Vietnam, Malaysia, India and the Philippines.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hoang, To My Quyen, L. Nguyen, N. N. Bich, N. P. Khánh, Nguyen Duc Hien
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly infectious disease in pigs caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), which might result in 100% mortality. Pigs infected with ASFV might display different clinical and pathological features depending on virulence and host factors. This study aimed to determine features of clinical symptoms, macroscopic, and microscopic lesions of ASF in the Mekong Delta (MD), Vietnam during 2021–2022. The investigation was conducted following three fatal outbreaks of ASF in Hau Giang, Vinh Long, and Can Tho provinces, which are three central provinces out of thirteen in the MD. The spleen, lymph nodes, liver, kidney, and heart were collected from three infected pigs that displayed clinical symptoms of ASFV infection and confirmed the presence of ASFV by conventional PCR. The results indicated that infected pigs showed common clinical symptoms including high fever, anorexia, and moderate petechiae on the skin. Severe hemorrhage was observed in lymph nodes, spleen, kidneys, intestines, and gallbladders which were the main lesions during post-mortem examination. Microscopic lesions were characterized by lymphocytopenia, atrophy of lymphoid follicles in the immune system. However, distinct variations in clinical symptoms, macroscopic, and microscopic features among ASFV infection cases were not documented. This study provides a further understanding of the clinical presentation and pathological lesions caused by the ASFV strain circulating in the MD.
{"title":"Clinical and pathologic characterization of African swine fever virus infection in pigs in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam","authors":"L. Hoang, To My Quyen, L. Nguyen, N. N. Bich, N. P. Khánh, Nguyen Duc Hien","doi":"10.12982/vis.2024.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2024.003","url":null,"abstract":"African swine fever (ASF) is a highly infectious disease in pigs caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), which might result in 100% mortality. Pigs infected with ASFV might display different clinical and pathological features depending on virulence and host factors. This study aimed to determine features of clinical symptoms, macroscopic, and microscopic lesions of ASF in the Mekong Delta (MD), Vietnam during 2021–2022. The investigation was conducted following three fatal outbreaks of ASF in Hau Giang, Vinh Long, and Can Tho provinces, which are three central provinces out of thirteen in the MD. The spleen, lymph nodes, liver, kidney, and heart were collected from three infected pigs that displayed clinical symptoms of ASFV infection and confirmed the presence of ASFV by conventional PCR. The results indicated that infected pigs showed common clinical symptoms including high fever, anorexia, and moderate petechiae on the skin. Severe hemorrhage was observed in lymph nodes, spleen, kidneys, intestines, and gallbladders which were the main lesions during post-mortem examination. Microscopic lesions were characterized by lymphocytopenia, atrophy of lymphoid follicles in the immune system. However, distinct variations in clinical symptoms, macroscopic, and microscopic features among ASFV infection cases were not documented. This study provides a further understanding of the clinical presentation and pathological lesions caused by the ASFV strain circulating in the MD.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qayssar Ali Kraidi, Waleed Majeed Almayahi, Harith Abdulla Najem
Field observations reported many outbreaks of IBH infection in poultry flocks in different regions of Basra province leading to high economic losses, and the diagnosis of the disease is based on clinical signs and gross pathological lesions. Little information on FAdV recently circulating in the southern part of Iraq; thus, partial sequencing of hexon gene of four FAdV has been detected in the present study during the period between mid-2022 to the beginning of 2023 from various FAdV outbreaks in commercial broiler farms in southern parts of Iraq. The results showed the four Iraqi field strains of FAdV were closely related and shared a high identity of 100% to each other and to previous Iraqi strains from the northern part of Iraq. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the four viruses obtained from this study and two additional viruses from Ninawa province are classified as serotype 8b of FAdV group E, as a predominant serotype related to inclusion body hepatitis, and clustered along with the same 8b serotype of FAdV circulating in Indonesia, Turkey, and Israel. The results provided useful genetic information on FAdV that recently reemerged in Iraq in 2022 and 2023 and might assist in the production of a local vaccine for FAdV serotype 8b.
{"title":"First detection of FAdV serotype 8b associated with Inclusion Body Hepatitis in broiler flocks in the southern part of Iraq during, 2022-2023","authors":"Qayssar Ali Kraidi, Waleed Majeed Almayahi, Harith Abdulla Najem","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.046","url":null,"abstract":"Field observations reported many outbreaks of IBH infection in poultry flocks in different regions of Basra province leading to high economic losses, and the diagnosis of the disease is based on clinical signs and gross pathological lesions. Little information on FAdV recently circulating in the southern part of Iraq; thus, partial sequencing of hexon gene of four FAdV has been detected in the present study during the period between mid-2022 to the beginning of 2023 from various FAdV outbreaks in commercial broiler farms in southern parts of Iraq. The results showed the four Iraqi field strains of FAdV were closely related and shared a high identity of 100% to each other and to previous Iraqi strains from the northern part of Iraq. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the four viruses obtained from this study and two additional viruses from Ninawa province are classified as serotype 8b of FAdV group E, as a predominant serotype related to inclusion body hepatitis, and clustered along with the same 8b serotype of FAdV circulating in Indonesia, Turkey, and Israel. The results provided useful genetic information on FAdV that recently reemerged in Iraq in 2022 and 2023 and might assist in the production of a local vaccine for FAdV serotype 8b.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135673235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jameela Radi Esmaeel, Zeena Fouad Saleh, Khilood Hamdan Fahad, Saba Falah Klaif
The current study was conducted to isolate and evaluate the phylogenetic status of the zoonotic Acinetobacter spp. from the Geoffroy's bat (Myotis emarginatus). The sample collection included 35 bats captured in some caves in Northern Iraq. Intestine parts and swabs were taken from each bat. The specimens were subjected to bacterial cultivation processes and 16S rRNA gene and beta lactamase (bla TEM-1) dependent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to detect the genus level and the virulence activity, respectively. The phylogenetic tree was built utilizing the 16S rRNA gene. The findings of the bacterial cultivation revealed the presence of the bacterium in 23 (65.7%) of the collected bats; however, the 16S rRNA-PCR showed that only 10 (28.57%) of the bats demonstrated the incidence of this microorganism in their intestines. The bla TEM-1-PCR reported that 4 (40%) isolates of the 16S rRNA-PCR positive bats carried the β-lactamase gene in their genetic materials. The phylogenetic tree showed that the genetic similarity of the current study isolates was closely related to those from Egypt and China. The present data show that Acinetobacter spp. is present in the intestine of the Geoffroy's bat (Myotis emarginatus) located in some caves from Northern Iraq, and some isolates have virulence potential represented by the composition of the beta lactamase gene.
本研究旨在分离并评价Geoffroy's bat (Myotis emarginatus)人畜共患不动杆菌的系统发育状况。样本收集包括在伊拉克北部的一些洞穴中捕获的35只蝙蝠。从每只蝙蝠身上提取肠道部分和拭子。采用细菌培养方法，采用16S rRNA基因和β -内酰胺酶(bla TEM-1)依赖聚合酶链反应(PCR)法分别检测属水平和毒力活性。利用16S rRNA基因构建系统发育树。细菌培养结果显示，23只(65.7%)蝙蝠中存在该细菌;然而，16S rRNA-PCR显示，只有10只蝙蝠(28.57%)的肠道中存在这种微生物。bla TEM-1-PCR报道了4株(40%)16S rRNA-PCR阳性蝙蝠的遗传物质中携带β-内酰胺酶基因。系统发育树分析表明，该分离株的遗传相似性与埃及和中国的分离株密切相关。目前的数据表明，在伊拉克北部一些洞穴的Geoffroy's bat (Myotis emarginatus)的肠道中存在不动杆菌，并且一些分离株具有由β -内酰胺酶基因组成代表的毒力潜力。
{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis of zoonotic Acinetobacter spp. isolated from Geoffroy's bat (Myotis emarginatus), Northern Iraq","authors":"Jameela Radi Esmaeel, Zeena Fouad Saleh, Khilood Hamdan Fahad, Saba Falah Klaif","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.060","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was conducted to isolate and evaluate the phylogenetic status of the zoonotic Acinetobacter spp. from the Geoffroy's bat (Myotis emarginatus). The sample collection included 35 bats captured in some caves in Northern Iraq. Intestine parts and swabs were taken from each bat. The specimens were subjected to bacterial cultivation processes and 16S rRNA gene and beta lactamase (bla TEM-1) dependent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to detect the genus level and the virulence activity, respectively. The phylogenetic tree was built utilizing the 16S rRNA gene. The findings of the bacterial cultivation revealed the presence of the bacterium in 23 (65.7%) of the collected bats; however, the 16S rRNA-PCR showed that only 10 (28.57%) of the bats demonstrated the incidence of this microorganism in their intestines. The bla TEM-1-PCR reported that 4 (40%) isolates of the 16S rRNA-PCR positive bats carried the β-lactamase gene in their genetic materials. The phylogenetic tree showed that the genetic similarity of the current study isolates was closely related to those from Egypt and China. The present data show that Acinetobacter spp. is present in the intestine of the Geoffroy's bat (Myotis emarginatus) located in some caves from Northern Iraq, and some isolates have virulence potential represented by the composition of the beta lactamase gene.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135673250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study evaluated the effects of genotype, parity, days in milk (DIM), calving season (CS), and calving year (CY) on the milk yield and composition traits of four hundred twenty lactating crossbred dairy cows in 13 districts in Ethiopia. Test day milk yield (TMY), protein (P), fat (F), lactose (L), solid not fat (SNF), density (D), total solids (TS), total protein (TP), casein (CN), whey (W), salts (S), and freezing point (FP) were determined using standard procedures. The data were analyzed using generalized linear models (GLM) using R software. Cows in the genetic group ≥ 87.5%, at 101–200 days, calved in the rainy season, in 2022, and at second parity all had the highest value of TMY. F, SNF, and TS were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by genotype, DIM, CS, CY, and parity. F was higher in cows with ≤ 50% genetic group, in early and late lactation, in the dry season, in 2020, in primiparous and above parity three cows than their counterparts. Proteins (P, TP, CN, and W) were affected by genotype, DIM, and CY but not by CS and parity (P<0.05). All milk proteins had a higher value in cows with ≤ 50% genetic group, and in early lactation. In this study, milk yield and composition were affected by genetic and non-genetic factors, providing an opportunity for crossbreeding programs to balance the quality and quantity of milk by manipulating the level of the exotic gene found in cows, choosing the best agro-climatic conditions, and improving the level of management.
{"title":"Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Test Day Milk Yield and Milk Composition Traits in Crossbred Dairy Cattle in Ethiopia","authors":"Rekik Bekele, Mestawet Taye, Girma Abebe, Selam Meseret","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.052","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of genotype, parity, days in milk (DIM), calving season (CS), and calving year (CY) on the milk yield and composition traits of four hundred twenty lactating crossbred dairy cows in 13 districts in Ethiopia. Test day milk yield (TMY), protein (P), fat (F), lactose (L), solid not fat (SNF), density (D), total solids (TS), total protein (TP), casein (CN), whey (W), salts (S), and freezing point (FP) were determined using standard procedures. The data were analyzed using generalized linear models (GLM) using R software. Cows in the genetic group ≥ 87.5%, at 101–200 days, calved in the rainy season, in 2022, and at second parity all had the highest value of TMY. F, SNF, and TS were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by genotype, DIM, CS, CY, and parity. F was higher in cows with ≤ 50% genetic group, in early and late lactation, in the dry season, in 2020, in primiparous and above parity three cows than their counterparts. Proteins (P, TP, CN, and W) were affected by genotype, DIM, and CY but not by CS and parity (P<0.05). All milk proteins had a higher value in cows with ≤ 50% genetic group, and in early lactation. In this study, milk yield and composition were affected by genetic and non-genetic factors, providing an opportunity for crossbreeding programs to balance the quality and quantity of milk by manipulating the level of the exotic gene found in cows, choosing the best agro-climatic conditions, and improving the level of management.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135673237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thi Thanh Khuong Tran, Dang Khoa Nguyen, Van Loi Nguyen, Van Be Nam Tran, Gia Huy Tran, Trong Ngu Nguyen, Phuoc Thanh Lam, Thi Tai Nguyen Cao
Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) from fetal calves was isolated in the bovine maternal plasma in the fifth week of pregnancy, accounting for around 10% of the total. Recently, cffDNA has been used as a non-invasive prenatal screening technique for aneuploidy, genetic disorders in humans, early pregnancy diagnosis, and animal fetal sex determination. This study's objective was to identify the presence of cffDNA in the blood of 13 dairy cows (11 pregnant, 2 non-pregnant, and 1 unmarred) gathered from farms in Can Tho, the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Plasma / Serum cfc-DNA Purification Midi Kit (Product # 55600) was used to separate cffDNA. Two PCR-designed primers named SRY-137 and GAPDH-109 were employed to amplify the Y-chromosome-specific sequences SRY and the housekeeping gene GAPDH, respectively. The fetal sex was indicated by PCR data corresponding to the calf's sex at birth in 11 cases. The study's findings first proved the existence of cell-free fetal DNA circulating in the plasma of a pregnant cow in Vietnam and established the calf's sex using simple, high-precision procedures. The use of cffDNA for sex screening brings up the possibility of quickly determining the gender and screening for genetic diseases in a big herd of cattle and animals with long gestation periods.
{"title":"Cattle fetal sex determination using cell-free fetal DNA from maternal blood in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam","authors":"Thi Thanh Khuong Tran, Dang Khoa Nguyen, Van Loi Nguyen, Van Be Nam Tran, Gia Huy Tran, Trong Ngu Nguyen, Phuoc Thanh Lam, Thi Tai Nguyen Cao","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.047","url":null,"abstract":"Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) from fetal calves was isolated in the bovine maternal plasma in the fifth week of pregnancy, accounting for around 10% of the total. Recently, cffDNA has been used as a non-invasive prenatal screening technique for aneuploidy, genetic disorders in humans, early pregnancy diagnosis, and animal fetal sex determination. This study's objective was to identify the presence of cffDNA in the blood of 13 dairy cows (11 pregnant, 2 non-pregnant, and 1 unmarred) gathered from farms in Can Tho, the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Plasma / Serum cfc-DNA Purification Midi Kit (Product # 55600) was used to separate cffDNA. Two PCR-designed primers named SRY-137 and GAPDH-109 were employed to amplify the Y-chromosome-specific sequences SRY and the housekeeping gene GAPDH, respectively. The fetal sex was indicated by PCR data corresponding to the calf's sex at birth in 11 cases. The study's findings first proved the existence of cell-free fetal DNA circulating in the plasma of a pregnant cow in Vietnam and established the calf's sex using simple, high-precision procedures. The use of cffDNA for sex screening brings up the possibility of quickly determining the gender and screening for genetic diseases in a big herd of cattle and animals with long gestation periods.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135673234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) significantly impacts daily life. Currently, hippotherapy on a robotic horse has been shown to decrease pain and disability in low back pain. However, live horses and different types of saddles used during hippotherapy may have various therapeutic effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the standard all-purpose saddle and the pad saddle used in live horse hippotherapy for individuals with CLBP. Ten participants with CLBP were assessed pain level using the visual analog scale (VAS) and lumbopelvic mobility using the Schober test and inertia measurement unit (IMU) before and after each saddle, with a one-week interval between saddles and a 20-minute hippotherapy session. The dependent t-test, with a significance level of 0.05, was conducted to compare the percentage change of each variable between two saddles. The result showed that the standard saddles significantly reduced pain levels (p <0.001) and increased pelvic range (p<0.05) greater than applied pad saddles in participants with chronic LBP. Therefore, the standard all-purpose saddle is more beneficial than the applied pad saddle for individuals with chronic LBP undergoing hippotherapy.
{"title":"Comparison of saddles in hippotherapy for patients with chronic low back pain","authors":"Wirintorn Ruamsilp, Nuanlaor Thawinchai, Patraporn Sitilertpisan, Siriporn Peansukmanee, Samatchai Chamnongkich","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.058","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic low back pain (CLBP) significantly impacts daily life. Currently, hippotherapy on a robotic horse has been shown to decrease pain and disability in low back pain. However, live horses and different types of saddles used during hippotherapy may have various therapeutic effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the standard all-purpose saddle and the pad saddle used in live horse hippotherapy for individuals with CLBP. Ten participants with CLBP were assessed pain level using the visual analog scale (VAS) and lumbopelvic mobility using the Schober test and inertia measurement unit (IMU) before and after each saddle, with a one-week interval between saddles and a 20-minute hippotherapy session. The dependent t-test, with a significance level of 0.05, was conducted to compare the percentage change of each variable between two saddles. The result showed that the standard saddles significantly reduced pain levels (p <0.001) and increased pelvic range (p<0.05) greater than applied pad saddles in participants with chronic LBP. Therefore, the standard all-purpose saddle is more beneficial than the applied pad saddle for individuals with chronic LBP undergoing hippotherapy.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135673251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Ac chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson) is commonly raised alongside other domestic chicken breeds in the Mekong Delta region. This study was conducted to analyze the impact of INHA/PstI and VIPR1/HhaI polymorphisms on the reproductive characteristics of this breed. A total of 380 Ac hens from 16-40 weeks of age were used, each placed in a separate cage for data collection . DNA isolation was performed using feather samples, and genotypes were detected by applying the PCR-RFLP technique . Two polymorphisms were identified , namely C829T (INHA /PstI) in exon 1 of the INHA gene an d C429 13T (VIP R1/HhaI) in intron 6 of th e V IPR1 ge ne .At both site s, two po lymo rphism s d id not follow the Hardy -Weinberg e quilibr ium . The IN HA /PstI and VIP R 1/Hh a I po lymo rphism s demo nstrated a statist ically significant association with the tota l number of eggs pro duce d and the la ying r ate (p<0.0 5). S pec ifically , he ns with TT genotype (INHA/PstI ) had the highest egg p rodu ction (7 2.4 eggs /he n/24 laying week s ). In contras t , thos e with t he CC genotype produced approximately 9 fewer eg gs (63.2 eggs /h en ), resu lting in layi ng rates of 4 5.2% and 40 .3%, re specti vel y .Additionally , the INHA/PstI polymorphisms sho wed a notab le and significan t associ at ion with the average age of the first egg (p<0.05). In conclusion , to enhance egg prod uction in Ac ch ickens th roug h selective breeding, it is rec ommended to prioritize the use of birdswith the TT genotype at the INH A/Pst I locu s.
{"title":"Genetic variants of INHA/PstI and VIPR1/HhaI and their relationship with reproductive traits in Ac chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson)","authors":"Le Thanh Phuong, Tran Trung Tu, Nguyen Trong Ngu","doi":"10.12982/vis.2023.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/vis.2023.059","url":null,"abstract":"The Ac chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson) is commonly raised alongside other domestic chicken breeds in the Mekong Delta region. This study was conducted to analyze the impact of INHA/PstI and VIPR1/HhaI polymorphisms on the reproductive characteristics of this breed. A total of 380 Ac hens from 16-40 weeks of age were used, each placed in a separate cage for data collection . DNA isolation was performed using feather samples, and genotypes were detected by applying the PCR-RFLP technique . Two polymorphisms were identified , namely C829T (INHA /PstI) in exon 1 of the INHA gene an d C429 13T (VIP R1/HhaI) in intron 6 of th e V IPR1 ge ne .At both site s, two po lymo rphism s d id not follow the Hardy -Weinberg e quilibr ium . The IN HA /PstI and VIP R 1/Hh a I po lymo rphism s demo nstrated a statist ically significant association with the tota l number of eggs pro duce d and the la ying r ate (p<0.0 5). S pec ifically , he ns with TT genotype (INHA/PstI ) had the highest egg p rodu ction (7 2.4 eggs /he n/24 laying week s ). In contras t , thos e with t he CC genotype produced approximately 9 fewer eg gs (63.2 eggs /h en ), resu lting in layi ng rates of 4 5.2% and 40 .3%, re specti vel y .Additionally , the INHA/PstI polymorphisms sho wed a notab le and significan t associ at ion with the average age of the first egg (p<0.05). In conclusion , to enhance egg prod uction in Ac ch ickens th roug h selective breeding, it is rec ommended to prioritize the use of birdswith the TT genotype at the INH A/Pst I locu s.","PeriodicalId":36378,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Integrative Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135673252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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