Georgina Johnstone, Angela Joe, Marissa Dickins, J. Lowthian
LAY SUMMARY Military service has an impact on health and well-being across the life course. However, there is little research on older Veterans and dependants who use home care to enable them to remain living in the community. The authors analysed data from a Melbourne, Australia, home care organization’s electronic care records to explore the differences between clients supported by the Department of Veterans’ Affairs and clients in the general home nursing population. Results showed the greater needs of and complexity of care utilized by Veterans and dependants. Funding structures and support services need to account for these needs in older age.
{"title":"Use of home care services by older Veterans and dependants in Melbourne, Australia, 2007-2016","authors":"Georgina Johnstone, Angela Joe, Marissa Dickins, J. Lowthian","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0120","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Military service has an impact on health and well-being across the life course. However, there is little research on older Veterans and dependants who use home care to enable them to remain living in the community. The authors analysed data from a Melbourne, Australia, home care organization’s electronic care records to explore the differences between clients supported by the Department of Veterans’ Affairs and clients in the general home nursing population. Results showed the greater needs of and complexity of care utilized by Veterans and dependants. Funding structures and support services need to account for these needs in older age.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80330849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-8-s2-01
H. Tien, Andrew Beckett
{"title":"Importance of research in a changing threat environment","authors":"H. Tien, Andrew Beckett","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2022-8-s2-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2022-8-s2-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90070705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larah Maunder, Emily Marriott, J. Katz, T. Salomons
LAY SUMMARY Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) servicemembers and Veterans with chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were surveyed. Participants with a high number of PTSD symptoms had a higher vulnerability to becoming psychologically traumatized by their chronic pain than participants with a low number of PTSD symptoms. In turn, participants with this high vulnerability reported experiencing more disability from their chronic pain than participants with a low vulnerability. In addition, participants with a high number of PTSD symptoms tended to have many catastrophic thoughts about their pain. In turn, these participants reported experiencing more disability from their chronic pain than participants with few catastrophic thoughts about their pain. PTSD may lead servicemembers and Veterans to experience high disability from their chronic pain by increasing how traumatized they feel by their pain and by increasing the number of catastrophic thoughts they have about their pain. Targeting pain-related psychological trauma symptoms and catastrophic thoughts when treating servicemembers and Veterans with chronic pain and PTSD may be effective at reducing disability from chronic pain.
{"title":"Mechanisms of heightened pain-related disability in CAF servicemembers and Veterans with comorbid chronic pain and PTSD","authors":"Larah Maunder, Emily Marriott, J. Katz, T. Salomons","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) servicemembers and Veterans with chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were surveyed. Participants with a high number of PTSD symptoms had a higher vulnerability to becoming psychologically traumatized by their chronic pain than participants with a low number of PTSD symptoms. In turn, participants with this high vulnerability reported experiencing more disability from their chronic pain than participants with a low vulnerability. In addition, participants with a high number of PTSD symptoms tended to have many catastrophic thoughts about their pain. In turn, these participants reported experiencing more disability from their chronic pain than participants with few catastrophic thoughts about their pain. PTSD may lead servicemembers and Veterans to experience high disability from their chronic pain by increasing how traumatized they feel by their pain and by increasing the number of catastrophic thoughts they have about their pain. Targeting pain-related psychological trauma symptoms and catastrophic thoughts when treating servicemembers and Veterans with chronic pain and PTSD may be effective at reducing disability from chronic pain.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86588385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY Despite the importance of the mental and physical well-being of Canadian Forces Health Services (CFHS) personnel, research suggests they may be under-accessing care. A lot of research has looked at what factors prevent individuals from accessing care (i.e., barriers), but almost none examined what encourages individuals to access care (i.e., facilitators). In addition to examining which facilitators encourage CFHS personnel to access care, the study also examined whether facilitators directly impacted care-seeking behaviour, or whether they also indirectly influence behaviour by impacting general intentions to access care. Results showed that one’s health being a priority directly and indirectly influenced care-seeking for both mental and physical health issues. Having the support of senior leadership influenced intention to seek care for mental health issues. Easy access to care influenced intention to seek care for physical health issues. Ensuring CFHS personnel prioritize their own health, have the support of senior leadership, and easy access to care will help promote early access to care.
{"title":"Identifying facilitators of early access to care among Canadian Forces Health Services personnel","authors":"C. Frank, Jennifer Born","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0107","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Despite the importance of the mental and physical well-being of Canadian Forces Health Services (CFHS) personnel, research suggests they may be under-accessing care. A lot of research has looked at what factors prevent individuals from accessing care (i.e., barriers), but almost none examined what encourages individuals to access care (i.e., facilitators). In addition to examining which facilitators encourage CFHS personnel to access care, the study also examined whether facilitators directly impacted care-seeking behaviour, or whether they also indirectly influence behaviour by impacting general intentions to access care. Results showed that one’s health being a priority directly and indirectly influenced care-seeking for both mental and physical health issues. Having the support of senior leadership influenced intention to seek care for mental health issues. Easy access to care influenced intention to seek care for physical health issues. Ensuring CFHS personnel prioritize their own health, have the support of senior leadership, and easy access to care will help promote early access to care.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78611341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Vartanian, S. Rhind, A. Nakashima, C. Tenn, Timothy K. Lam, Maria Y Shiu, N. Caddy, Kristen King, Alexi Natale, R. Jetly
LAY SUMMARY There has been increasing interest in understanding the impact of blast exposure on health and performance in military members and Veterans. This phenomenon has proven difficult to study because personnel diagnosed with blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) typically also exhibit emotional difficulties such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), likely because the events that led to mTBI in theatre were also emotionally traumatic. In turn, this comorbidity makes it difficult to tease apart symptoms uniquely due to blast-induced mTBI or PTSD. Researchers have therefore explored surrogate settings wherein the effects of blast exposure can be assessed in an operationally realistic, yet scientifically more controlled manner, such as breacher and sniper training. To that aim, researchers administered a measure of post-concussive symptomatology and two mental health scales to breachers and snipers, as well as sex- and age-matched military controls. The breachers and snipers reported greater levels of post-concussive symptoms, but not poorer mental health outcomes. Therefore, post-concussive symptoms and mental health outcomes might be dissociable when the impact of repetitive exposure to low-level blast is assessed in the context of training and operations, rather than following warzone deployment involving primarily high-level blast exposure.
{"title":"Blast effects on post-concussive and mental health outcomes: Data from Canadian Armed Forces breachers and snipers","authors":"O. Vartanian, S. Rhind, A. Nakashima, C. Tenn, Timothy K. Lam, Maria Y Shiu, N. Caddy, Kristen King, Alexi Natale, R. Jetly","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0122","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY There has been increasing interest in understanding the impact of blast exposure on health and performance in military members and Veterans. This phenomenon has proven difficult to study because personnel diagnosed with blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) typically also exhibit emotional difficulties such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), likely because the events that led to mTBI in theatre were also emotionally traumatic. In turn, this comorbidity makes it difficult to tease apart symptoms uniquely due to blast-induced mTBI or PTSD. Researchers have therefore explored surrogate settings wherein the effects of blast exposure can be assessed in an operationally realistic, yet scientifically more controlled manner, such as breacher and sniper training. To that aim, researchers administered a measure of post-concussive symptomatology and two mental health scales to breachers and snipers, as well as sex- and age-matched military controls. The breachers and snipers reported greater levels of post-concussive symptoms, but not poorer mental health outcomes. Therefore, post-concussive symptoms and mental health outcomes might be dissociable when the impact of repetitive exposure to low-level blast is assessed in the context of training and operations, rather than following warzone deployment involving primarily high-level blast exposure.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78650392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY Assumptions for how the Canadian Armed Forces cares for injured soldiers on the battlefield may no longer hold true. Previous treatments were designed for counterinsurgency operations where Allied Forces dominated the air and land during operations. However, the recent fighting in Ukraine highlights the need to develop a doctrine for pre-hospital care on the battlefield for large-scale combat operations. In these operations, modern weapons are extremely lethal, and the casualty rate is extremely high. This review examines the development of tactical combat casualty care and the assumptions behind its treatment algorithms. It suggests changes need to be made to better support Canadian soldiers if fighting in large-scale combat operations.
{"title":"Medical support for future large-scale combat operations","authors":"H. Tien, Andrew Beckett","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Assumptions for how the Canadian Armed Forces cares for injured soldiers on the battlefield may no longer hold true. Previous treatments were designed for counterinsurgency operations where Allied Forces dominated the air and land during operations. However, the recent fighting in Ukraine highlights the need to develop a doctrine for pre-hospital care on the battlefield for large-scale combat operations. In these operations, modern weapons are extremely lethal, and the casualty rate is extremely high. This review examines the development of tactical combat casualty care and the assumptions behind its treatment algorithms. It suggests changes need to be made to better support Canadian soldiers if fighting in large-scale combat operations.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75435855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY Traumatic injury is the most common cause of death among young people. Most victims of trauma die alone before medical response is possible. Typical causes of death are not overly complex to fix if access to standard hospital interventions is feasible. Dying victims are often connected to smartphone-supporting informatic communication technologies, which make available a worldwide network of experts who can potentially reassure and remotely diagnose victims and provide life-saving advice. TeleMentored Ultrasound Supported Medical Interventions (TMUSMI) researchers have focused on empowering point-of-care providers to perform outside their scope and deliver life-saving interventions. With the recognition that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has profoundly isolated many people, solutions to respect COVID-19 isolation policies have stimulated the TMUSMI group to appreciate the potential for informatic technologies’ effect on the ability to care for oneself in cases of catastrophic injury.
{"title":"Empowering catastrophic far-forward self-care: Nobody should die alone without trying","authors":"A. Kirkpatrick, Jessica L. Mckee","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0121","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Traumatic injury is the most common cause of death among young people. Most victims of trauma die alone before medical response is possible. Typical causes of death are not overly complex to fix if access to standard hospital interventions is feasible. Dying victims are often connected to smartphone-supporting informatic communication technologies, which make available a worldwide network of experts who can potentially reassure and remotely diagnose victims and provide life-saving advice. TeleMentored Ultrasound Supported Medical Interventions (TMUSMI) researchers have focused on empowering point-of-care providers to perform outside their scope and deliver life-saving interventions. With the recognition that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has profoundly isolated many people, solutions to respect COVID-19 isolation policies have stimulated the TMUSMI group to appreciate the potential for informatic technologies’ effect on the ability to care for oneself in cases of catastrophic injury.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87192755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY Military family caregivers (MFCs) can experience many health-related challenges associated with caregiving responsibilities. Perceived support from a spouse or partner can influence dyadic satisfaction and health outcomes among those who care for a spouse or partner. This study examined the relations among social support, dyadic satisfaction, and mental (i.e., depressive and anxiety symptoms) and physical (i.e., somatic symptoms) health outcomes in a sample of MFCs. This sample consisted of 104 MFCs who were the spouse or partner of their care recipient. The findings indicate that more support predicted greater dyadic satisfaction and greater dyadic satisfaction predicted fewer anxiety symptoms. This study highlights the importance of considering relationship-focused contributors to mental health outcomes.
{"title":"Mediating role of dyadic satisfaction on social support and health outcomes in a sample of military family caregivers","authors":"S. Wilcox","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0110","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Military family caregivers (MFCs) can experience many health-related challenges associated with caregiving responsibilities. Perceived support from a spouse or partner can influence dyadic satisfaction and health outcomes among those who care for a spouse or partner. This study examined the relations among social support, dyadic satisfaction, and mental (i.e., depressive and anxiety symptoms) and physical (i.e., somatic symptoms) health outcomes in a sample of MFCs. This sample consisted of 104 MFCs who were the spouse or partner of their care recipient. The findings indicate that more support predicted greater dyadic satisfaction and greater dyadic satisfaction predicted fewer anxiety symptoms. This study highlights the importance of considering relationship-focused contributors to mental health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84019249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikki E. Barczak-Scarboro, Michael S. Stone, Lisa M Hernández, Marcus K. Taylor
LAY SUMMARY Optimal health is critical for military personnel’s performance and readiness. To date, military research on mental and behavioural health has primarily focused on men in the U.S. Army. Indicators of physical health (e.g., blood pressure) and how they relate to mental and behavioural health are also understudied in military populations. To explore the impact of occupational stress and to simultaneously assess different types of health in a more diverse military population, this study evaluated mental, behavioural, and physical health factors in a large group of U.S. Navy and Marine Corps service members that included men and women from various occupational specialties. Military job stress (e.g., time of service, number of deployments) was related to mental, behavioural, and physical health. A more well-rounded approach to health status assessment in large, diverse military populations may support the development of targeted disease prevention strategies.
{"title":"Characterizing mental, behavioural, and physical health among active duty U.S. sailors and Marines","authors":"Nikki E. Barczak-Scarboro, Michael S. Stone, Lisa M Hernández, Marcus K. Taylor","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0003","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Optimal health is critical for military personnel’s performance and readiness. To date, military research on mental and behavioural health has primarily focused on men in the U.S. Army. Indicators of physical health (e.g., blood pressure) and how they relate to mental and behavioural health are also understudied in military populations. To explore the impact of occupational stress and to simultaneously assess different types of health in a more diverse military population, this study evaluated mental, behavioural, and physical health factors in a large group of U.S. Navy and Marine Corps service members that included men and women from various occupational specialties. Military job stress (e.g., time of service, number of deployments) was related to mental, behavioural, and physical health. A more well-rounded approach to health status assessment in large, diverse military populations may support the development of targeted disease prevention strategies.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84151508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY As a result of the unpredictable nature of warfare, military medics deployed on missions may be required to manage seriously ill or injured patients for longer than expected. Because this type of care is not typically the focus of a military medic’s training or mandate, core skills and knowledge gaps were, not surprisingly, identified. For this reason, specialized training was developed, and the term prolonged field care (PFC) was coined. PFC takes on concepts associated with traditional hospital care and translates them into austere military medical environments with limited resources, including supplies, equipment, and trained medical providers to manage critically ill or wounded patients. This training program helps medics maximize their ability to save lives and improve outcomes for those who are ill or injured. This article discusses how PFC originated both internationally and within the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command and core concepts and applications for future operations.
{"title":"The origin, evolution, and future of prolonged field care in the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command","authors":"J. Schmid, Dylan Pannell","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY As a result of the unpredictable nature of warfare, military medics deployed on missions may be required to manage seriously ill or injured patients for longer than expected. Because this type of care is not typically the focus of a military medic’s training or mandate, core skills and knowledge gaps were, not surprisingly, identified. For this reason, specialized training was developed, and the term prolonged field care (PFC) was coined. PFC takes on concepts associated with traditional hospital care and translates them into austere military medical environments with limited resources, including supplies, equipment, and trained medical providers to manage critically ill or wounded patients. This training program helps medics maximize their ability to save lives and improve outcomes for those who are ill or injured. This article discusses how PFC originated both internationally and within the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command and core concepts and applications for future operations.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81426262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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