Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000035
With the increasing concern about climate change, environmental pollution, and sustainable development, the energy system is evolving towards a low-carbon form powered by a large share of renewable energy. Renewable generation from wind and solar is intermittent and volatile, posing great challenges to the secure and economical operation of power systems which requires simultaneous balance between power demand and supply. In this regard, various energy storage, including battery, pumped storage, compressed-air storage, flywheel, supper-capacitor, etc., are recognized as indispensable technologies to deal with the intermittency from renewables and facilitate the low-carbon transition of power systems. Energy storage can be implemented in different parts of the power supply chain from generation-side to grid-side and demand-side, and can benefit the power system operation in multiple time scales from seasonal energy balance to near-real-time stability control.
{"title":"Editorial for the Special Issue on Emerging Technology and Advanced Application of Energy Storage in Low-Carbon Power Systems","authors":"","doi":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/CJEE.2023.000035","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing concern about climate change, environmental pollution, and sustainable development, the energy system is evolving towards a low-carbon form powered by a large share of renewable energy. Renewable generation from wind and solar is intermittent and volatile, posing great challenges to the secure and economical operation of power systems which requires simultaneous balance between power demand and supply. In this regard, various energy storage, including battery, pumped storage, compressed-air storage, flywheel, supper-capacitor, etc., are recognized as indispensable technologies to deal with the intermittency from renewables and facilitate the low-carbon transition of power systems. Energy storage can be implemented in different parts of the power supply chain from generation-side to grid-side and demand-side, and can benefit the power system operation in multiple time scales from seasonal energy balance to near-real-time stability control.","PeriodicalId":36428,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7873788/10272329/10272330.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49939875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000033
Bo Li;Chunjie Qin;Ruotao Yu;Wei Dai;Mengjun Shen;Ziming Ma;Jianxiao Wang
Long-term storage (LTS) can provide various services to address seasonal fluctuations in variable renewable energy by reducing energy curtailment. However, long-term unit commitment (UC) with LTS involves mixed-integer programming with large-scale coupling constraints between consecutive intervals (state-of-charge (SOC) constraint of LTS, ramping rate, and minimum up/down time constraints of thermal units), resulting in a significant computational burden. Herein, an iterative-based fast solution method is proposed to solve the long-term UC with LTS. First, the UC with coupling constraints is split into several sub problems that can be solved in parallel. Second, the solutions of the sub problems are adjusted to obtain a feasible solution that satisfies the coupling constraints. Third, a decoupling method for long-term time-series coupling constraints is proposed to determine the global optimization of the SOC of the LTS. The price-arbitrage model of the LTS determines the SOC boundary of the LTS for each sub problem. Finally, the sub problem with the SOC boundary of the LTS is iteratively solved independently. The proposed method was verified using a modified IEEE 24-bus system. The results showed that the computation time of the unit combination problem can be reduced by 97.8%, with a relative error of 3.62%.
{"title":"Fast Solution Method for the Large-Scale Unit Commitment Problem with Long-Term Storage","authors":"Bo Li;Chunjie Qin;Ruotao Yu;Wei Dai;Mengjun Shen;Ziming Ma;Jianxiao Wang","doi":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/CJEE.2023.000033","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term storage (LTS) can provide various services to address seasonal fluctuations in variable renewable energy by reducing energy curtailment. However, long-term unit commitment (UC) with LTS involves mixed-integer programming with large-scale coupling constraints between consecutive intervals (state-of-charge (SOC) constraint of LTS, ramping rate, and minimum up/down time constraints of thermal units), resulting in a significant computational burden. Herein, an iterative-based fast solution method is proposed to solve the long-term UC with LTS. First, the UC with coupling constraints is split into several sub problems that can be solved in parallel. Second, the solutions of the sub problems are adjusted to obtain a feasible solution that satisfies the coupling constraints. Third, a decoupling method for long-term time-series coupling constraints is proposed to determine the global optimization of the SOC of the LTS. The price-arbitrage model of the LTS determines the SOC boundary of the LTS for each sub problem. Finally, the sub problem with the SOC boundary of the LTS is iteratively solved independently. The proposed method was verified using a modified IEEE 24-bus system. The results showed that the computation time of the unit combination problem can be reduced by 97.8%, with a relative error of 3.62%.","PeriodicalId":36428,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7873788/10272329/10272564.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49976318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A comparison of two modular linear permanent-magnet vernier (LPMV) machines is presented. A modular LPMV machine with a partitioned primary, which can significantly improve the modulation effect, is proposed. Benefitting from the partition design, the space conflict between the permanent magnet (PM) and the armature magnetic field is relieved. First, the topologies of modular LPMV machines with and without a partitioned primary are presented. Then, the effect of the partitioned primary on the modular LPMV machine is analyzed using flux modulation theory. Moreover, analytical expressions for the trapezoidal permeance are derived. In addition, the harmonic components, back electromotive forces, and thrust forces of the machines with and without the partitioned primary are comparatively analyzed. The results reveal that the thrust force density of the LPMV machine with a partitioned primary is increased by 32.3%. Finally, experiments are performed on a prototype machine for validation.
{"title":"Quantitative Comparison of Modular Linear Permanent Magnet Vernier Machines with and Without Partitioned Primary","authors":"Yunpeng Xu;Jinghua Ji;Zhijian Ling;Chen Wang;Wenxiang Zhao","doi":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/CJEE.2023.000024","url":null,"abstract":"A comparison of two modular linear permanent-magnet vernier (LPMV) machines is presented. A modular LPMV machine with a partitioned primary, which can significantly improve the modulation effect, is proposed. Benefitting from the partition design, the space conflict between the permanent magnet (PM) and the armature magnetic field is relieved. First, the topologies of modular LPMV machines with and without a partitioned primary are presented. Then, the effect of the partitioned primary on the modular LPMV machine is analyzed using flux modulation theory. Moreover, analytical expressions for the trapezoidal permeance are derived. In addition, the harmonic components, back electromotive forces, and thrust forces of the machines with and without the partitioned primary are comparatively analyzed. The results reveal that the thrust force density of the LPMV machine with a partitioned primary is increased by 32.3%. Finally, experiments are performed on a prototype machine for validation.","PeriodicalId":36428,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7873788/10272329/10272568.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49939870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000030
Zijie He;Guidong Zhang;Zexiang Chen;Samson S. Yu
Modern eco-friendly industries such as renewable energy systems, electric vehicles (EVs), and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have led to technological advancements in power electronics. Switching-based power converters have limited working ranges and can cause significant harmonics and oscillations in the output voltage and current. Introducing variable inductors can help solve this problem by changing the inductance without resorting to extreme switch duty cycles. Despite their advantages, there is still a lack of comprehensive reviews of variable inductor applications in power converter design. A thorough and in-depth review of variable inductance control in power conversion is presented, including its significance, working principle, core structure, modeling method, and typical applications. Traditionally, an inductor works in its linear magnetic region; its inductance in a power converter is considered constant, and the converter operates under fixed working conditions. However, a broad range of working conditions is required for power converters in practical applications. This is typically realized by changing the duty cycles of the switches. The working principle of variable inductance is reviewed, and the application of variable inductance control in power converters is presented, which will further help power electronics researchers and engineers design flexible and resilient power converters.
{"title":"A Review of Variable-Inductor-Based Power Converters for Eco-Friendly Applications: Fundamentals, Configurations, and Applications","authors":"Zijie He;Guidong Zhang;Zexiang Chen;Samson S. Yu","doi":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/CJEE.2023.000030","url":null,"abstract":"Modern eco-friendly industries such as renewable energy systems, electric vehicles (EVs), and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have led to technological advancements in power electronics. Switching-based power converters have limited working ranges and can cause significant harmonics and oscillations in the output voltage and current. Introducing variable inductors can help solve this problem by changing the inductance without resorting to extreme switch duty cycles. Despite their advantages, there is still a lack of comprehensive reviews of variable inductor applications in power converter design. A thorough and in-depth review of variable inductance control in power conversion is presented, including its significance, working principle, core structure, modeling method, and typical applications. Traditionally, an inductor works in its linear magnetic region; its inductance in a power converter is considered constant, and the converter operates under fixed working conditions. However, a broad range of working conditions is required for power converters in practical applications. This is typically realized by changing the duty cycles of the switches. The working principle of variable inductance is reviewed, and the application of variable inductance control in power converters is presented, which will further help power electronics researchers and engineers design flexible and resilient power converters.","PeriodicalId":36428,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7873788/10272329/10272566.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49939871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000026
Krunal Shah;Abid Mansuri;Rakesh Maurya
In this study, a six-phase induction asymmetric induction motor (SPAIM) was examined, whose performance surpasses that of its three-phase counterpart, with regard to the torque density, torque pulsation, fault tolerance, power rating per inverter lag, and noise characteristics. Speed-encoder-less direct torque control (DTC) for SPAIM with virtual voltage vectors (VVVs) and a modified sliding mode observer (MSMO) are described. The SPAIM model was developed using a stationary $alpha-beta$ frame for DTC. The conventional DTC of the SPAIM drive is a simple extension of DTC for a $3-varPhi$ motor drive that yields higher distortion in the stator currents. To mitigate the large amount of distortion in the stator current, VVVs were used to significantly reduce the harmonic content in the stator currents. Furthermore, to overcome the large amount of chattering observed in the case of a traditional sliding mode observer, particularly under low-speed operation, the MSMO was employed to reduce chattering even under low-speed operation. The performance of the proposed observer was verified under all the operating conditions suitable for the propulsion mode of an electric vehicle using Matlab/Simulink, and the results were experimentally validated.
{"title":"Modified Sliding Mode Observer-Based Direct Torque Control of Six-Phase Asymmetric Induction Motor Drive","authors":"Krunal Shah;Abid Mansuri;Rakesh Maurya","doi":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/CJEE.2023.000026","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a six-phase induction asymmetric induction motor (SPAIM) was examined, whose performance surpasses that of its three-phase counterpart, with regard to the torque density, torque pulsation, fault tolerance, power rating per inverter lag, and noise characteristics. Speed-encoder-less direct torque control (DTC) for SPAIM with virtual voltage vectors (VVVs) and a modified sliding mode observer (MSMO) are described. The SPAIM model was developed using a stationary \u0000<tex>$alpha-beta$</tex>\u0000 frame for DTC. The conventional DTC of the SPAIM drive is a simple extension of DTC for a \u0000<tex>$3-varPhi$</tex>\u0000 motor drive that yields higher distortion in the stator currents. To mitigate the large amount of distortion in the stator current, VVVs were used to significantly reduce the harmonic content in the stator currents. Furthermore, to overcome the large amount of chattering observed in the case of a traditional sliding mode observer, particularly under low-speed operation, the MSMO was employed to reduce chattering even under low-speed operation. The performance of the proposed observer was verified under all the operating conditions suitable for the propulsion mode of an electric vehicle using Matlab/Simulink, and the results were experimentally validated.","PeriodicalId":36428,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7873788/10272329/10272569.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49939874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000025
Prashant Kumar;Sabha Raj Arya;Khyati D. Mistry
The operation of a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is studied using a three-phase voltage source converter (VSC)-based topology to alleviate voltage anomalies from a polluted supply voltage. The control algorithm used included two components. The first is an adaptive Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK)-based adaptive reweighted $L_{1}$ norm adaption-based normalized least mean square (TSK-ARNA-NLMS) unit, which is proposed for the extraction of fundamental active and reactive components from the non-ideal supply and is further employed to generate the load reference voltage and switching pulse for the VSC. The step size was evaluated using the proposed TSK-ARNA-NLMS controller, and the TSK unit was optimized by integration with the marine predator algorithm (MPA) for a faster convergence rate. The second, a fractional-order PID controller (FOPID), was employed for AC- and DC-link voltage regulation and was approximated using the Oustaloup technique. The FOPID ( $PI^{gamma}D^{mu}$ ) provides more freedom for tuning the settling time, rise time, and overshoot. The FOPID coefficients ( $K_{mathrm{i}}, K_{mathrm{d}}, K_{mathrm{p}}, gamma$ , and $mu$ ) were optimized by employing an advanced ant lion optimization (ALO) meta-heuristics technique to minimize the performance index, namely, the integral time absolute error (ITAE) and assess the accuracy of controllers. The DVR performance was validated under dynamic- and steady-state conditions.
{"title":"TSKARNA-Norm Adaption Based NLMS with Optimized Fractional Order PID Controller Gains for Voltage Power Quality","authors":"Prashant Kumar;Sabha Raj Arya;Khyati D. Mistry","doi":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/CJEE.2023.000025","url":null,"abstract":"The operation of a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is studied using a three-phase voltage source converter (VSC)-based topology to alleviate voltage anomalies from a polluted supply voltage. The control algorithm used included two components. The first is an adaptive Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK)-based adaptive reweighted \u0000<tex>$L_{1}$</tex>\u0000 norm adaption-based normalized least mean square (TSK-ARNA-NLMS) unit, which is proposed for the extraction of fundamental active and reactive components from the non-ideal supply and is further employed to generate the load reference voltage and switching pulse for the VSC. The step size was evaluated using the proposed TSK-ARNA-NLMS controller, and the TSK unit was optimized by integration with the marine predator algorithm (MPA) for a faster convergence rate. The second, a fractional-order PID controller (FOPID), was employed for AC- and DC-link voltage regulation and was approximated using the Oustaloup technique. The FOPID (\u0000<tex>$PI^{gamma}D^{mu}$</tex>\u0000) provides more freedom for tuning the settling time, rise time, and overshoot. The FOPID coefficients (\u0000<tex>$K_{mathrm{i}}, K_{mathrm{d}}, K_{mathrm{p}}, gamma$</tex>\u0000, and \u0000<tex>$mu$</tex>\u0000) were optimized by employing an advanced ant lion optimization (ALO) meta-heuristics technique to minimize the performance index, namely, the integral time absolute error (ITAE) and assess the accuracy of controllers. The DVR performance was validated under dynamic- and steady-state conditions.","PeriodicalId":36428,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7873788/10272329/10272570.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49939872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When integrating the generation of large-scale renewable energy, such as wind and solar energy, the supply and demand sides of the new power system will exhibit high uncertainty. Pumped storage power stations can improve flexible resource supply regulation in the power system, which is the key support and important guarantee for building low-carbon, safe, and efficient new power systems. Limited by the current operation mode and electricity price mechanism, the pumped storage power station cost cannot be effectively recovered, and the value cannot be reasonably compensated, resulting in difficult return on investment, single investment subjects, and notable industry development difficulties. According to the operational requirements of the new power system, combined with the various functions of pumped storage power stations, the value of pumped storage power stations in the new power system was analyzed. Based on the equivalent value substitution principle and system operation simulation, a pumped storage value evaluation method for the new power system was proposed. The new power system operation was simulated considering the dispatching model of wind and photovoltaic power abandonment penalties. Under the same dispatching objectives, the output of various power sources and power generation operating costs with and without pumped storage power stations in the system were compared. From economic, safety, social, and environmental benefit perspectives, a quantitative model of the pumped storage power station value was established, covering seven dimensions: asset investment savings, power generation operating cost reduction, flexible adjustment capability improvement, system resilience enhancement, power outage loss reduction, renewable energy consumption, and emission reduction promotion. Based on the new power system operation and planning data for southern China, the value of typical pumped storage power stations was analyzed, and the results showed that with new power system's construction and development, the value of pumped storage power stations is increasing, and the value structure is closely related to power grid characteristics. This value evaluation method could provide references for pumped storage investment decisions, subsidy policies, and price mechanisms to fully utilize the role of pumped storage power stations and promote high-quality development of new power systems.
{"title":"Value Evaluation Method for Pumped Storage in the New Power System","authors":"Yumin Peng;Ying Yang;Man Chen;Xuelin Wang;Yijun Xiong;Mu Wang;Yikai Li;Bushi Zhao","doi":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/CJEE.2023.000029","url":null,"abstract":"When integrating the generation of large-scale renewable energy, such as wind and solar energy, the supply and demand sides of the new power system will exhibit high uncertainty. Pumped storage power stations can improve flexible resource supply regulation in the power system, which is the key support and important guarantee for building low-carbon, safe, and efficient new power systems. Limited by the current operation mode and electricity price mechanism, the pumped storage power station cost cannot be effectively recovered, and the value cannot be reasonably compensated, resulting in difficult return on investment, single investment subjects, and notable industry development difficulties. According to the operational requirements of the new power system, combined with the various functions of pumped storage power stations, the value of pumped storage power stations in the new power system was analyzed. Based on the equivalent value substitution principle and system operation simulation, a pumped storage value evaluation method for the new power system was proposed. The new power system operation was simulated considering the dispatching model of wind and photovoltaic power abandonment penalties. Under the same dispatching objectives, the output of various power sources and power generation operating costs with and without pumped storage power stations in the system were compared. From economic, safety, social, and environmental benefit perspectives, a quantitative model of the pumped storage power station value was established, covering seven dimensions: asset investment savings, power generation operating cost reduction, flexible adjustment capability improvement, system resilience enhancement, power outage loss reduction, renewable energy consumption, and emission reduction promotion. Based on the new power system operation and planning data for southern China, the value of typical pumped storage power stations was analyzed, and the results showed that with new power system's construction and development, the value of pumped storage power stations is increasing, and the value structure is closely related to power grid characteristics. This value evaluation method could provide references for pumped storage investment decisions, subsidy policies, and price mechanisms to fully utilize the role of pumped storage power stations and promote high-quality development of new power systems.","PeriodicalId":36428,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7873788/10272329/10272565.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49976319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to improve the vibration and torque of an integral-slot surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machine by optimizing the shape of the harmonically injected permanent magnet (PM). First, the effect of the third harmonic injected into the sinusoidal PM shape on the electromagnetic performance of a 36-slot/12-pole SPM machine was investigated, including the torque performance and vibration response. It was found that the Sin+3rd harmonic-shaped PM had a contrary effect on the torque and vibration performance of the integral-slot machine, which improved the torque capability but worsened the vibration performance. Second, the response surface model and Barebones multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm based on a trade-off between the average torque and vibration were implemented to determine the optimal harmonic injection. Subsequently, the performances of the optimal Sin+3rd-shaped and eccentric PM machines were compared, showing the excellent torque and vibration performance of the adopted method. Finally, a prototype was manufactured and tested to verify the results of the theoretical analysis.
{"title":"Vibration Reduction and Torque Improvement of Integral-slot SPM Machines Using PM Harmonic Injection","authors":"Jinghua Ji;Deyou Liu;Yu Zeng;Tong Liu;Wenxiang Zhao","doi":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000028","DOIUrl":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000028","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to improve the vibration and torque of an integral-slot surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machine by optimizing the shape of the harmonically injected permanent magnet (PM). First, the effect of the third harmonic injected into the sinusoidal PM shape on the electromagnetic performance of a 36-slot/12-pole SPM machine was investigated, including the torque performance and vibration response. It was found that the Sin+3rd harmonic-shaped PM had a contrary effect on the torque and vibration performance of the integral-slot machine, which improved the torque capability but worsened the vibration performance. Second, the response surface model and Barebones multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm based on a trade-off between the average torque and vibration were implemented to determine the optimal harmonic injection. Subsequently, the performances of the optimal Sin+3rd-shaped and eccentric PM machines were compared, showing the excellent torque and vibration performance of the adopted method. Finally, a prototype was manufactured and tested to verify the results of the theoretical analysis.","PeriodicalId":36428,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10234167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68733602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000027
Shailendra Kumar;Tapesh Upadhyay;Om Hari Gupta
In this work, we present a photovoltaic (PV)-based off-board charging system integrated with the grid using a voltage source converter (VSC). The control of the grid-tied off-board charger is derived from the joint logarithmic hyperbolic cosine robust sparse adaptive filter (JLHCAF) algorithm. This algorithm effectively tracks the fundamental component of the load current in a short duration, providing a good dynamic response. Due to its robustness against impulsive interference, the JLHCAF outperforms other sparsity-aware robust algorithms The cascaded proportional-integral (PI) controller is used to control the bidirectional buck-boost converter for electric vehicle (EV) charging/discharging, which acts in buck operation if the EV is being charged and in boost operation if it is discharged. The reference DC link voltage for the controller is derived by using adaptive MPPT technique. The bidirectional properties of the system enable various functions, including grid-to-vehicle (G2V), vehicle-to-grid (V2G), PV source-to-grid (PV2G), vehicle-to-home (V2H), and PV source-to-vehicle (PV2V) operations. Additionally, the system can supply power to critical nonlinear loads. The control strategy ensures compliance with the power quality requirements set by the IEEE standard, as demonstrated in the results. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed system, we conducted tests under dynamic conditions by disconnecting and reconnecting household loads. Furthermore, the off-board charging system was subjected to actual conditions, such as variations in solar PV insolation, and its steady-state performance was evaluated through simulation and laboratory experimental prototypes. The results, including total harmonic distortion (THD), support the validation of the developed charging system.
{"title":"Power Quality Improvement and Signal Conditioning of PV Array and Grid Interfaced Off-Board Charger for Electric Vehicles with V2G and G2V Capabilities","authors":"Shailendra Kumar;Tapesh Upadhyay;Om Hari Gupta","doi":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000027","DOIUrl":"10.23919/CJEE.2023.000027","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present a photovoltaic (PV)-based off-board charging system integrated with the grid using a voltage source converter (VSC). The control of the grid-tied off-board charger is derived from the joint logarithmic hyperbolic cosine robust sparse adaptive filter (JLHCAF) algorithm. This algorithm effectively tracks the fundamental component of the load current in a short duration, providing a good dynamic response. Due to its robustness against impulsive interference, the JLHCAF outperforms other sparsity-aware robust algorithms The cascaded proportional-integral (PI) controller is used to control the bidirectional buck-boost converter for electric vehicle (EV) charging/discharging, which acts in buck operation if the EV is being charged and in boost operation if it is discharged. The reference DC link voltage for the controller is derived by using adaptive MPPT technique. The bidirectional properties of the system enable various functions, including grid-to-vehicle (G2V), vehicle-to-grid (V2G), PV source-to-grid (PV2G), vehicle-to-home (V2H), and PV source-to-vehicle (PV2V) operations. Additionally, the system can supply power to critical nonlinear loads. The control strategy ensures compliance with the power quality requirements set by the IEEE standard, as demonstrated in the results. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed system, we conducted tests under dynamic conditions by disconnecting and reconnecting household loads. Furthermore, the off-board charging system was subjected to actual conditions, such as variations in solar PV insolation, and its steady-state performance was evaluated through simulation and laboratory experimental prototypes. The results, including total harmonic distortion (THD), support the validation of the developed charging system.","PeriodicalId":36428,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10234168","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68733590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000018
Dezhi Xu;Hu Yao;Yang He;Wenxiang Zhao
A modified four-dimensional linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) strategy is proposed for a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (DTP-PMSG) system to reduce cross-coupling between the $d$ and $q$ axis currents in the $d-q$ subspace and harmonic currents in the $x-y$ subspace. In the $d-q$ subspace, the proposed strategy uses a model-based LADRC to enhance the decoupling effect between the $d$ and $q$ axes and the disturbance rejection ability against parameter variation. In the $x-y$ subspace, the 5th and 7th harmonic current suppression abilities are improved by using quasi-resonant units parallel to the extended state observer of the traditional LADRC. The proposed modified LADRC strategy improved both the steady-state performance and dynamic response of the DTP-PMSG system. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed strategy is both feasible and effective.
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