Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.45130
R. Hindersah, N. Kamaluddin, S. Samanta, S. Banerjee, Sarita Sarkar
Low nitrogen content in soil is usually overcome by chemical fertilization. After long application period, high-dose and intensive use of N fertilizers can cause ammonia volatilization and nitrates accumulation in soil. In sustainable agriculture, the use of bacterial inoculant integrated with nutrient management system has a role in soil health and productivity. Azotobacter-based biofertilizer is suggested as a chemical nitrogen fertilizer substitute or addition in crop production to improve available nutrients in the soil, provide some metabolites during plant growth, and minimize fertilizer doses. The objective of this literature reviewed paper is to discuss the role of Azotobacter in agriculture; and the prospective of Azotobacter to increase yield and substitute the chemical fertilizer in food crops production. The results revealed that mechanisms by Azotobacter in plant growth enhancement are as biofertilizer, biostimulant, and bioprotectant. Nitrogen fixation by Azotobacter is the mechanism to provide available nitrogen for uptake by roots. Azotobacter stimulates plant growth through phytohormones synthesis; indole acetic acid, cytokinins, and gibberellins are detected in the liquid culture of Azotobacter. An indirect effect of Azotobacter is exopolysaccharide production and plant protection. Inoculation of Azotobacter in the field integrated with organic matter and reduced chemical fertilizer are reported to improve plant growth and yield.
{"title":"Role and perspective of Azotobacter in crops production","authors":"R. Hindersah, N. Kamaluddin, S. Samanta, S. Banerjee, Sarita Sarkar","doi":"10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.45130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.45130","url":null,"abstract":"Low nitrogen content in soil is usually overcome by chemical fertilization. After long application period, high-dose and intensive use of N fertilizers can cause ammonia volatilization and nitrates accumulation in soil. In sustainable agriculture, the use of bacterial inoculant integrated with nutrient management system has a role in soil health and productivity. Azotobacter-based biofertilizer is suggested as a chemical nitrogen fertilizer substitute or addition in crop production to improve available nutrients in the soil, provide some metabolites during plant growth, and minimize fertilizer doses. The objective of this literature reviewed paper is to discuss the role of Azotobacter in agriculture; and the prospective of Azotobacter to increase yield and substitute the chemical fertilizer in food crops production. The results revealed that mechanisms by Azotobacter in plant growth enhancement are as biofertilizer, biostimulant, and bioprotectant. Nitrogen fixation by Azotobacter is the mechanism to provide available nitrogen for uptake by roots. Azotobacter stimulates plant growth through phytohormones synthesis; indole acetic acid, cytokinins, and gibberellins are detected in the liquid culture of Azotobacter. An indirect effect of Azotobacter is exopolysaccharide production and plant protection. Inoculation of Azotobacter in the field integrated with organic matter and reduced chemical fertilizer are reported to improve plant growth and yield.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"2001 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88303710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.38301
S. Purwanto, Rachmat Abdul Gani, E. Suryani
The common problem with Ultisols is their low pH and soil fertility, with liming and fertilization being common solutions to overcome this problem; however, studies on Ultisol soil parent materials are still rare. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of Ultisols derived from andesite and basaltic andesite parent materials. In 2016–2017, five Ultisol pedons (P8, P9, P10, P11, and P15) were sampled from basaltic andesites and other associations. The five pedons consisted of 19 soil samples. The chemical and mineralogical properties of the soils were analyzed. It was found that the color of the basaltic andesite Ultisols varied from hue of 2.5 YR to 10 YR, with value of 3–5 and chroma of 2–8. The Ultisols derived from andesite/diorite (P8) were dominated by rock fragments (52–77%), while those derived from andesitic breccia (P9) were dominated by opaques (62–67%), those from basaltic andesite tuff/lava by weathering minerals (44–52%) and hydragilite (28–34%), those from basaltic andesite (P11) by quartz (48%) and (P15) by opaques (79–89%). The mineral reserves varied from very low (0–4%) in pedons P8, P9, P11, and P15 to very high (> 40%) in pedon P10. The results of this study are expected to be used as a guide for future agricultural development on Ultisols.
{"title":"Characteristics of Ultisols derived from basaltic andesite materials and their association with old volcanic landforms in Indonesia","authors":"S. Purwanto, Rachmat Abdul Gani, E. Suryani","doi":"10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.38301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.38301","url":null,"abstract":"The common problem with Ultisols is their low pH and soil fertility, with liming and fertilization being common solutions to overcome this problem; however, studies on Ultisol soil parent materials are still rare. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of Ultisols derived from andesite and basaltic andesite parent materials. In 2016–2017, five Ultisol pedons (P8, P9, P10, P11, and P15) were sampled from basaltic andesites and other associations. The five pedons consisted of 19 soil samples. The chemical and mineralogical properties of the soils were analyzed. It was found that the color of the basaltic andesite Ultisols varied from hue of 2.5 YR to 10 YR, with value of 3–5 and chroma of 2–8. The Ultisols derived from andesite/diorite (P8) were dominated by rock fragments (52–77%), while those derived from andesitic breccia (P9) were dominated by opaques (62–67%), those from basaltic andesite tuff/lava by weathering minerals (44–52%) and hydragilite (28–34%), those from basaltic andesite (P11) by quartz (48%) and (P15) by opaques (79–89%). The mineral reserves varied from very low (0–4%) in pedons P8, P9, P11, and P15 to very high (> 40%) in pedon P10. The results of this study are expected to be used as a guide for future agricultural development on Ultisols.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88817269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.43426
P. S. Michael
The importance of organic matter addition in composted mounds in terms of nutrients status, nutrient uptake, and environmental impact under different climatic conditions need to be studied. This study was conducted to assess the importance of Cogon grass materials addition as organic matter in composted mounds used for sweet potato cultivation on selected sandy loam soil properties under humid lowland, tropical climatic conditions. A replicated trial with four treatments with or without organic matter or sweet potato plants was set in a completely randomized design. After 6 months, soil samples were collected from two profiles in each treatment and analyzed for selected soil physiochemical properties. Data collected from each profile was pooled, averages taken, and statistically analyzed. The results showed organic matter addition increased water holding capacity and electrical conductivity, lowered soil bulk density, pH, and soil organic carbon content. Cultivation of sweet potato in soil with or without organic matter amendment, in general, depleted nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium contents and increased phosphorous availability. This study showed the addition of Cogon grass materials as organic matter in composted mounds has implications for the production of sweet potato in sandy loam soil in the tropics.
{"title":"Soil fertility status and sweet potato cultivation in composted mounds under humid lowland tropical climatic conditions","authors":"P. S. Michael","doi":"10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.43426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.43426","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of organic matter addition in composted mounds in terms of nutrients status, nutrient uptake, and environmental impact under different climatic conditions need to be studied. This study was conducted to assess the importance of Cogon grass materials addition as organic matter in composted mounds used for sweet potato cultivation on selected sandy loam soil properties under humid lowland, tropical climatic conditions. A replicated trial with four treatments with or without organic matter or sweet potato plants was set in a completely randomized design. After 6 months, soil samples were collected from two profiles in each treatment and analyzed for selected soil physiochemical properties. Data collected from each profile was pooled, averages taken, and statistically analyzed. The results showed organic matter addition increased water holding capacity and electrical conductivity, lowered soil bulk density, pH, and soil organic carbon content. Cultivation of sweet potato in soil with or without organic matter amendment, in general, depleted nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium contents and increased phosphorous availability. This study showed the addition of Cogon grass materials as organic matter in composted mounds has implications for the production of sweet potato in sandy loam soil in the tropics.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"17 1","pages":"144-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45801846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.46889
L. Rachman
Agriculture 3.0 and Agriculture 4.0 requires appropriate agricultural practices, including soil data that are practical, accurate, and easy to understand. Using soil type maps and land suitability class maps for soil information not only challenges users but also does not provide soil quality information such as production potential and plant growth and production inhibitors. Other techniques that can provide more appropriate soil information for agricultural purposes are thus needed. This research suggests the soil assessment system Soil Quality Index Plus, which provides accessible information regarding soil conditions and plant growth and production inhibitors in the context of dryland farming. Field trials were conducted in 36 locations across five regencies in West Java, Indonesia. Soil Quality Index Plus accurately assessed soil quality by using 11 key parameters as a dataset: effective depth, texture class, bulk density, drainage, pH, cation exchange capacity, total organic nitrogen, available phosphate, exchangeable potassium, aluminum saturation, and total carbon organic. The majority of the soils studied were classified as medium soil quality, with low organic carbon being the most common limiting factor. Improved fertilizer management, especially the use of organic fertilizers, phosphate- and nitrogen-based fertilizers, and agricultural lime should be implemented in particular areas.
{"title":"Using Soil Quality Index Plus to assess soil conditions and limiting factors for dryland farming","authors":"L. Rachman","doi":"10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.46889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.46889","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture 3.0 and Agriculture 4.0 requires appropriate agricultural practices, including soil data that are practical, accurate, and easy to understand. Using soil type maps and land suitability class maps for soil information not only challenges users but also does not provide soil quality information such as production potential and plant growth and production inhibitors. Other techniques that can provide more appropriate soil information for agricultural purposes are thus needed. This research suggests the soil assessment system Soil Quality Index Plus, which provides accessible information regarding soil conditions and plant growth and production inhibitors in the context of dryland farming. Field trials were conducted in 36 locations across five regencies in West Java, Indonesia. Soil Quality Index Plus accurately assessed soil quality by using 11 key parameters as a dataset: effective depth, texture class, bulk density, drainage, pH, cation exchange capacity, total organic nitrogen, available phosphate, exchangeable potassium, aluminum saturation, and total carbon organic. The majority of the soils studied were classified as medium soil quality, with low organic carbon being the most common limiting factor. Improved fertilizer management, especially the use of organic fertilizers, phosphate- and nitrogen-based fertilizers, and agricultural lime should be implemented in particular areas.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"17 1","pages":"100-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46295780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.38221
R. Q. Muslim, P. Kricella, M. M. Pratamaningsih, S. Purwanto, E. Suryani, S. Ritung
The widespread of Inceptisols in Indonesia especially in volcanic landform has the characteristics potentially to be used as agricultural land. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of Inceptisols found in volcanic landform developed from basaltic andesite parent materials. Soil samples were collected in 6 locations. A total of 23 samples were taken from each horizon from 6 pedons for physical, chemical, and mineral analysis. The results showed that Inceptisols had different colors depending on land use and mineral content, but were dominated by yellowish brown to dark brown with hue 7.5YR to 10YR, color value varied from 2.5 to 4, and croma varied from 1 to 6. Base saturation varied from low to very high, cation exchange capacity varied from low to high. Soil textures were dominated by clay, clay loam, and sandy loam. Three pedons in Purwakarta, Bandung Barat, and Jember Regency, Java Island were dominated by weatherable minerals, while the others obtained in Seluma, Rejang Lebong, and Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency, Sumatera Island were dominated by resistant minerals such as opaque and quartz. Physical, chemical, and mineral content can be used as a reference in soil management and recommendation for balanced fertilization.
在印度尼西亚，特别是在火山地貌中广泛分布的始尖藻具有潜在的农业用地特征。本研究旨在确定玄武岩安山岩母质发育的火山地貌中始发岩的特征。在6个地点采集土壤样本。从6个小丘的每个层位共采集23个样本进行物理、化学和矿物分析。结果表明:不同土地利用方式和矿物含量的不同，其颜色也不同，但以黄褐色至深褐色为主，色相为7.5 ~ 10YR，色值为2.5 ~ 4，色度为1 ~ 6;碱饱和度由低到高变化，阳离子交换容量由低到高变化。土壤质地以粘土、粘壤土和砂壤土为主。爪哇岛Purwakarta、Bandung Barat和Jember Regency的3个小丘以耐候性矿物为主，而苏门答腊岛Seluma、Rejang Lebong和Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency的3个小丘以不透明矿物和石英等耐候性矿物为主。土壤的物理、化学和矿物质含量可作为土壤管理和均衡施肥的参考。
{"title":"Characteristics of Inceptisols derived from basaltic andesite from several locations in volcanic landform","authors":"R. Q. Muslim, P. Kricella, M. M. Pratamaningsih, S. Purwanto, E. Suryani, S. Ritung","doi":"10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.38221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/STJSSA.V17I2.38221","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread of Inceptisols in Indonesia especially in volcanic landform has the characteristics potentially to be used as agricultural land. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of Inceptisols found in volcanic landform developed from basaltic andesite parent materials. Soil samples were collected in 6 locations. A total of 23 samples were taken from each horizon from 6 pedons for physical, chemical, and mineral analysis. The results showed that Inceptisols had different colors depending on land use and mineral content, but were dominated by yellowish brown to dark brown with hue 7.5YR to 10YR, color value varied from 2.5 to 4, and croma varied from 1 to 6. Base saturation varied from low to very high, cation exchange capacity varied from low to high. Soil textures were dominated by clay, clay loam, and sandy loam. Three pedons in Purwakarta, Bandung Barat, and Jember Regency, Java Island were dominated by weatherable minerals, while the others obtained in Seluma, Rejang Lebong, and Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency, Sumatera Island were dominated by resistant minerals such as opaque and quartz. Physical, chemical, and mineral content can be used as a reference in soil management and recommendation for balanced fertilization.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78309647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.37608
S. Winarso, M. Mandala, Hari Sulistiyowati, S. Romadhona, B. Hermiyanto, W. Subchan
This research aims to compare fresh biochar and NPK-enriched biochar and their decomposition levels and nutrient absorption efficiency in acid soil with soybean. Factorial randomized block design was used in this experiment and consisted of two factors. The first factor, biochar source, comprised four levels: B0: biochar without NPK, B1: rice straw biochar + NPK, B2: soybean straw biochar + NPK, and B3: wood biochar + NPK. The second factor, biochar enrichment, comprised four levels: D1: 0.5 tons ha -1 , D2: 2.5 tons ha -1 , D3: 5.0 tons ha -1 , and D4: 10 tons ha -1 . Each treatment was replicated three times, yielding 48 experiment units. The results showed that biochar enrichment with NPK affected the decomposition level. The percentage of increasing decomposition in enriched wood biochar (0.09%) was lower than rice (0.28%) and soybean (0.53%) straw biochar. An increase in NPK absorbance efficiency and soybean dry weight was evident in NPK-enriched biochar. The highest N absorbance efficiency occurred in wood biochar (21%), followed by soybean and rice straw biochar, respectively, while the highest P and K absorbances were found in rice straw biochar (35% and 26%, respectively), followed by wood and then soybean biochar.
{"title":"The decomposition and efficiency of NPK-enriched biochar addition on Ultisols with soybean","authors":"S. Winarso, M. Mandala, Hari Sulistiyowati, S. Romadhona, B. Hermiyanto, W. Subchan","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.37608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.37608","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to compare fresh biochar and NPK-enriched biochar and their decomposition levels and nutrient absorption efficiency in acid soil with soybean. Factorial randomized block design was used in this experiment and consisted of two factors. The first factor, biochar source, comprised four levels: B0: biochar without NPK, B1: rice straw biochar + NPK, B2: soybean straw biochar + NPK, and B3: wood biochar + NPK. The second factor, biochar enrichment, comprised four levels: D1: 0.5 tons ha -1 , D2: 2.5 tons ha -1 , D3: 5.0 tons ha -1 , and D4: 10 tons ha -1 . Each treatment was replicated three times, yielding 48 experiment units. The results showed that biochar enrichment with NPK affected the decomposition level. The percentage of increasing decomposition in enriched wood biochar (0.09%) was lower than rice (0.28%) and soybean (0.53%) straw biochar. An increase in NPK absorbance efficiency and soybean dry weight was evident in NPK-enriched biochar. The highest N absorbance efficiency occurred in wood biochar (21%), followed by soybean and rice straw biochar, respectively, while the highest P and K absorbances were found in rice straw biochar (35% and 26%, respectively), followed by wood and then soybean biochar.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"17 1","pages":"35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41988366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.41087
S. Minardi, I. L. Haniati, A. H. L. Nastiti
Increasing domestic soybean production is an important part of the effort to reduce reliance on imports. One potential area for improvement is developing soybean crops in Alfisols. Alfisols require intensive effort due to their poor soil chemical properties. Manure and zeolite were proposed as candidate materials that could be used to improve soil chemical properties to support plant growth and increase the productivity of cultivated land. The experiment was designed to study the addition of manure and zeolite on soil chemical properties of Alfisols and soybean yield. The experimental design was arranged in a factorial completely randomized block design with two factors—three rates of zeolite (Z0 = 0 t ha -1 , Z1 = 2.5 t ha -1 and Z2 = 5 t ha -1 ) and three manure variables (P0 = no manure, P1 = 5 t ha -1 cow manure, and P2 = 5 t ha -1 quail manure)—with three replications. The results showed that a combination of 5 t ha -1 zeolite and cow manure increased soybean yield. However, zeolite 5 t ha -1 resulted in the greatest improvement in soil chemical properties—the highest CEC, soil organic matter percentage, and pH.
增加国内大豆产量是减少对进口依赖努力的重要组成部分。一个潜在的改进领域是在Alfisols开发大豆作物。由于土壤化学性质较差，Alfisol需要付出大量的努力。肥料和沸石被提议作为候选材料，可用于改善土壤化学性质，以支持植物生长和提高耕地生产力。本试验旨在研究粪肥和沸石的添加对土壤碱土化学性质和大豆产量的影响。实验设计采用因子完全随机区组设计，有两个因素——三种沸石用量（Z0=0 t ha-1，Z1=2.5 t ha-1和Z2=5 t ha-1）和三种粪肥变量（P0=无粪肥，P1=5 t ha-1牛粪，P2=5 t公顷-1鹌鹑粪）——三次重复。结果表明，5tha-1沸石与牛粪联合施用可提高大豆产量。然而，5 t ha-1沸石对土壤化学性质的改善最大——CEC、土壤有机质百分比和pH值最高。
{"title":"Adding manure and zeolite to improve soil chemical properties and increase soybean yield","authors":"S. Minardi, I. L. Haniati, A. H. L. Nastiti","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.41087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.41087","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing domestic soybean production is an important part of the effort to reduce reliance on imports. One potential area for improvement is developing soybean crops in Alfisols. Alfisols require intensive effort due to their poor soil chemical properties. Manure and zeolite were proposed as candidate materials that could be used to improve soil chemical properties to support plant growth and increase the productivity of cultivated land. The experiment was designed to study the addition of manure and zeolite on soil chemical properties of Alfisols and soybean yield. The experimental design was arranged in a factorial completely randomized block design with two factors—three rates of zeolite (Z0 = 0 t ha -1 , Z1 = 2.5 t ha -1 and Z2 = 5 t ha -1 ) and three manure variables (P0 = no manure, P1 = 5 t ha -1 cow manure, and P2 = 5 t ha -1 quail manure)—with three replications. The results showed that a combination of 5 t ha -1 zeolite and cow manure increased soybean yield. However, zeolite 5 t ha -1 resulted in the greatest improvement in soil chemical properties—the highest CEC, soil organic matter percentage, and pH.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41371794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.37824
R. Neswati, S. Baja, S. Arif, Hasni Hasni
This study analyses land-use conflicts in specific dryland agricultural areas in relatively dry humid tropics based on the Regional Spatial Land Use Planning Regulations and land-capability evaluation. This research was conducted in the Regency of Jeneponto, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The observation site was chosen based on several maps overlapping to produce 30 land units spread across 14 land systems in Jeneponto. This study integrates ground surveys and geographic information systems technology. The land capability analysis used a simple approach factor, according to United States Department of Agriculture definitions. The results indicate that land capability was dominated by Class IV, which covered 35,133 ha or 63.1%. Class VI covered 12,581 ha or 22.6%, Class III covered up to 4,378 ha or 7.9%, and Class VIII covered 3,130 ha or 5.6%. Class VII covered only 486 hectares, or 0.9%, the smallest area. These results indicate that the dryland area which had become a land-use conflict was delineated by Regional Spatial Land Use Planning Regulations. The drylands found in Jeneponto cover 22,214 ha or 39.9%, which has been divided into two: an area where non-dryland agriculture was converted into dryland farming (16,503 hectares, or 29.6%), and an area where dryland-farming was converted into non-agricultural dryland area (5,711 hectares, or 10.3%). Interviews with 50 farmers in the study location revealed factors that had changed agricultural dryland use into non-agricultural dryland use; lower incomes due to decreased soil fertility was a crucial factor.
{"title":"Dryland land-use conflicts in humid tropics: an analysis using geographic information systems and land capability evaluations","authors":"R. Neswati, S. Baja, S. Arif, Hasni Hasni","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.37824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.37824","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyses land-use conflicts in specific dryland agricultural areas in relatively dry humid tropics based on the Regional Spatial Land Use Planning Regulations and land-capability evaluation. This research was conducted in the Regency of Jeneponto, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The observation site was chosen based on several maps overlapping to produce 30 land units spread across 14 land systems in Jeneponto. This study integrates ground surveys and geographic information systems technology. The land capability analysis used a simple approach factor, according to United States Department of Agriculture definitions. The results indicate that land capability was dominated by Class IV, which covered 35,133 ha or 63.1%. Class VI covered 12,581 ha or 22.6%, Class III covered up to 4,378 ha or 7.9%, and Class VIII covered 3,130 ha or 5.6%. Class VII covered only 486 hectares, or 0.9%, the smallest area. These results indicate that the dryland area which had become a land-use conflict was delineated by Regional Spatial Land Use Planning Regulations. The drylands found in Jeneponto cover 22,214 ha or 39.9%, which has been divided into two: an area where non-dryland agriculture was converted into dryland farming (16,503 hectares, or 29.6%), and an area where dryland-farming was converted into non-agricultural dryland area (5,711 hectares, or 10.3%). Interviews with 50 farmers in the study location revealed factors that had changed agricultural dryland use into non-agricultural dryland use; lower incomes due to decreased soil fertility was a crucial factor.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"17 1","pages":"57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44448363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.41396
D. Ariyanto, A. Aziz, K. Komariah, S. Sumani, M. Abara
The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) are used to monitor and identify different types of drought, including meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural droughts. This study evaluates the accuracy of estimating soil moisture levels using the two indexes. The analysis correlated the SPI and the SPEI over three years (November 2016–October 2019) using Rstudio , with average monthly soil moisture taken using a Soil Moisture Sensor; 3-, 6- and 12-months SPI and SPEI showed a positive correlation for soil moisture (Sig 0.05). In contrast, the 3-, 6-, and 12-months indexes were significant (p-value <0.05). Estimating soil moisture content using the SPEI (50–59.09%) had a higher accuracy value than the SPI (36.36%), which indicates the SPEI can more reliably predict soil moisture.
{"title":"Comparing the accuracy of estimating soil moisture using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)","authors":"D. Ariyanto, A. Aziz, K. Komariah, S. Sumani, M. Abara","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.41396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.41396","url":null,"abstract":"The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) are used to monitor and identify different types of drought, including meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural droughts. This study evaluates the accuracy of estimating soil moisture levels using the two indexes. The analysis correlated the SPI and the SPEI over three years (November 2016–October 2019) using Rstudio , with average monthly soil moisture taken using a Soil Moisture Sensor; 3-, 6- and 12-months SPI and SPEI showed a positive correlation for soil moisture (Sig 0.05). In contrast, the 3-, 6-, and 12-months indexes were significant (p-value <0.05). Estimating soil moisture content using the SPEI (50–59.09%) had a higher accuracy value than the SPI (36.36%), which indicates the SPEI can more reliably predict soil moisture.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"17 1","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44016369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.38459
B. Widiarso, S. Minardi, K. Komariah, T. O. Chandra, Mohamed Abdesalam Elmahdi, M. Senge
Excessive drainage of peatlands can cause subsidence and irreversible drying; therefore, it is necessary to predict groundwater levels in peatlands to ensure adequate water for crops and control excessive water loss simultaneously. This study aimed to predict the peatland groundwater level and soil moisture affected by drainage. This research was conducted in a peatland located in Rasau Jaya Umum, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia from February to December 2016. Three treatments of drainage setting were established with maize cropping: without drainage (P0) and drainage channel with water level maintained at depths of 30 cm (P1) and 60 cm (P2) from the soil surface. The results indicated that a polynomial regression model is a good approach to predicting groundwater table level and soil moisture in peatlands, with R 2 values ranging 0.71-0.96 and 0.65-0.93, respectively. For agricultural purposes, maintaining the water level at 30 cm from the soil surface in the drainage channel appears to be the ideal level as adequate soil moisture is provided for annual cash crops and drying is prevented simultaneously.
泥炭地的过度排水会导致下沉和不可逆转的干燥;因此，有必要对泥炭地地下水位进行预测，以保证作物获得充足的水分，同时控制水分的过度流失。本研究旨在预测排水对泥炭地地下水位和土壤湿度的影响。本研究于2016年2月至12月在印度尼西亚西加里曼丹省Kubu Raya Regency的Rasau Jaya Umum泥炭地进行。在玉米种植条件下，建立了3种排水设置:不排水(P0)和排水通道，水位保持在距土壤表面30 cm (P1)和60 cm (P2)的深度。结果表明，多项式回归模型能较好地预测泥炭地地下水位和土壤湿度，r2值分别为0.71 ~ 0.96和0.65 ~ 0.93。在农业方面，保持排水通道中距离土壤表面30厘米的水位似乎是理想的水平，因为它为一年生经济作物提供了足够的土壤水分，同时也防止了干燥。
{"title":"Predicting peatland groundwater table and soil moisture dynamics affected by drainage level","authors":"B. Widiarso, S. Minardi, K. Komariah, T. O. Chandra, Mohamed Abdesalam Elmahdi, M. Senge","doi":"10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.38459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.38459","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive drainage of peatlands can cause subsidence and irreversible drying; therefore, it is necessary to predict groundwater levels in peatlands to ensure adequate water for crops and control excessive water loss simultaneously. This study aimed to predict the peatland groundwater level and soil moisture affected by drainage. This research was conducted in a peatland located in Rasau Jaya Umum, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia from February to December 2016. Three treatments of drainage setting were established with maize cropping: without drainage (P0) and drainage channel with water level maintained at depths of 30 cm (P1) and 60 cm (P2) from the soil surface. The results indicated that a polynomial regression model is a good approach to predicting groundwater table level and soil moisture in peatlands, with R 2 values ranging 0.71-0.96 and 0.65-0.93, respectively. For agricultural purposes, maintaining the water level at 30 cm from the soil surface in the drainage channel appears to be the ideal level as adequate soil moisture is provided for annual cash crops and drying is prevented simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":36463,"journal":{"name":"Sains Tanah","volume":"17 1","pages":"42-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67822614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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