N.a.v.: Wolter Huttinga en Roel Kuiper (red.), Mens worden. Over de relatie tussen theologie en pedagogiek (Amsterdam: Buijten & Schipperheijn Motief, 2021) 252 p., ISBN 9789463691536; en: Bram de Muynck en Roel Kuiper (red.), Faithful Efforts. Formation, Education and the Church (Kampen: Summum, 2021) 147 p., ISBN 9789492701343.
{"title":"Focus. Wat heeft de theologie de pedagogiek te bieden?","authors":"A. J. Kunz","doi":"10.21827/tr.66.1.64-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21827/tr.66.1.64-69","url":null,"abstract":"N.a.v.: Wolter Huttinga en Roel Kuiper (red.), Mens worden. Over de relatie tussen theologie en pedagogiek (Amsterdam: Buijten & Schipperheijn Motief, 2021) 252 p., ISBN 9789463691536; en: Bram de Muynck en Roel Kuiper (red.), Faithful Efforts. Formation, Education and the Church (Kampen: Summum, 2021) 147 p., ISBN 9789492701343.","PeriodicalId":36470,"journal":{"name":"Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89518441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/subbtref.67.2.06
Ádám Hegyi
"In Vadász, Arad County, in the second third of the 18th century, the statue of Moloch in the village church caused a conflict, as the local Reformed minister had had it destroyed around 1769. At first glance, the situation seems simple since it is not customary in Reformed churches to have the decoration typical of Catholic churches, so it is not surprising that the minister removed it. Yet the situation is not clear-cut because we do not know why it had not bothered anyone in the two hundred years since the Reformation began. In our study, we describe – through the example of the statue destruction in Vadász – what Reformed identity was like in the Kingdom of Hungary in the 18th century. In our analysis, we find that the development of Reformed conscience was delayed compared to the western half of Europe. The same is demonstrated in the 18th-century Reformed Church history writings, as the events of the Reformation had not been put on paper in most congregations up until then. Most congregational histories are based on oral traditions, with little historical literature being used to support them. Keywords: collective memory, Reformed church, oral tradition, historiography, Calvinist identity, history of reading, idol demolition, history of Reformation, Hungarian Kingdom "
{"title":"The Idol Moloch in the Church. The Interconnection of Calvinist Identity and the Memory of Reformation in the South-Eastern Part of the Hungarian Kingdom in the 18th Century","authors":"Ádám Hegyi","doi":"10.24193/subbtref.67.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.67.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"\"In Vadász, Arad County, in the second third of the 18th century, the statue of Moloch in the village church caused a conflict, as the local Reformed minister had had it destroyed around 1769. At first glance, the situation seems simple since it is not customary in Reformed churches to have the decoration typical of Catholic churches, so it is not surprising that the minister removed it. Yet the situation is not clear-cut because we do not know why it had not bothered anyone in the two hundred years since the Reformation began. In our study, we describe – through the example of the statue destruction in Vadász – what Reformed identity was like in the Kingdom of Hungary in the 18th century. In our analysis, we find that the development of Reformed conscience was delayed compared to the western half of Europe. The same is demonstrated in the 18th-century Reformed Church history writings, as the events of the Reformation had not been put on paper in most congregations up until then. Most congregational histories are based on oral traditions, with little historical literature being used to support them. Keywords: collective memory, Reformed church, oral tradition, historiography, Calvinist identity, history of reading, idol demolition, history of Reformation, Hungarian Kingdom \"","PeriodicalId":36470,"journal":{"name":"Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica","volume":"292 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69221621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/subbtref.67.2.03
Tibor M. Pintér
"There are several Hungarian translations of the Bible serving at the same time: Translations are re-translations of the same text using revisions of ancient Bible texts. The language of the Bible should be “natural”, helping readers to comprehend it with the least effort. This effort is driven by direct and indirect translations showing more or less functional approaches to translation presenting texts by using methods of formal and functional equivalence. The paper provides a glimpse into contemporary canonical Hungarian translations, revealing the linguistic ideologies of the translator and the needs of the reader (in what manner linguistic ideologies have influence on the translation). Translation approaches are going to be “scaled” in the microstructure, showing possibilities of research to be done in the macrostructure of the translations. Examples are shown to reveal the intentions of the translator(s) helping readers to grasp the meaning of the source text. Keywords: Bible translation, functionalism, translation studies, Bible, language ideologies "
{"title":"Aspects of Linguistic Functionalism in Bible Translation. Some Trends in the Contemporary Canonical Hungarian Bible Translations","authors":"Tibor M. Pintér","doi":"10.24193/subbtref.67.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.67.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"\"There are several Hungarian translations of the Bible serving at the same time: Translations are re-translations of the same text using revisions of ancient Bible texts. The language of the Bible should be “natural”, helping readers to comprehend it with the least effort. This effort is driven by direct and indirect translations showing more or less functional approaches to translation presenting texts by using methods of formal and functional equivalence. The paper provides a glimpse into contemporary canonical Hungarian translations, revealing the linguistic ideologies of the translator and the needs of the reader (in what manner linguistic ideologies have influence on the translation). Translation approaches are going to be “scaled” in the microstructure, showing possibilities of research to be done in the macrostructure of the translations. Examples are shown to reveal the intentions of the translator(s) helping readers to grasp the meaning of the source text. Keywords: Bible translation, functionalism, translation studies, Bible, language ideologies \"","PeriodicalId":36470,"journal":{"name":"Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69221456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/subbtref.67.2.12
Szabolcs Kovács
"Spirituality at the Horizon of Religious Phenomenology and Pastoral Psychology/2. We are living in a designer world, where not only the circumstances but our gods will be created consciously. We hunger for a god. Choosing an inadequate god, a god too small to transcend our limitations and who, therefore, can neither save nor transform us drives us to keep hunting. This study outlines the phenomenology of Christian spirituality, religious practice and highlights their working field. We find correlation between spirituality and spiritual well-being and happiness, factors that contribute to a positive personal development. We are condemned to meaning. There is a universal impulse to endow our joys and sorrows with meaning. Christian spirituality is a condition for us to reframe and understand our life perspectives and reach the “Courage to Be” (Tillich). Keywords: interpersonal relationship, spiritual intelligence, spiritual practice, spiritual communication, primary spiritual experience, existential fear, crisis, thankfulness, forgiveness, rites, well-being "
{"title":"Spiritualitás a vallásfenomenológia és pasztorálpszichológia horizontján/2","authors":"Szabolcs Kovács","doi":"10.24193/subbtref.67.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.67.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"\"Spirituality at the Horizon of Religious Phenomenology and Pastoral Psychology/2. We are living in a designer world, where not only the circumstances but our gods will be created consciously. We hunger for a god. Choosing an inadequate god, a god too small to transcend our limitations and who, therefore, can neither save nor transform us drives us to keep hunting. This study outlines the phenomenology of Christian spirituality, religious practice and highlights their working field. We find correlation between spirituality and spiritual well-being and happiness, factors that contribute to a positive personal development. We are condemned to meaning. There is a universal impulse to endow our joys and sorrows with meaning. Christian spirituality is a condition for us to reframe and understand our life perspectives and reach the “Courage to Be” (Tillich). Keywords: interpersonal relationship, spiritual intelligence, spiritual practice, spiritual communication, primary spiritual experience, existential fear, crisis, thankfulness, forgiveness, rites, well-being \"","PeriodicalId":36470,"journal":{"name":"Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69222096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/subbtref.67.2.08
Olga Lukács
"On the Debates about the Episcopal See of the Transylvanian Reformed Diocese in the 18th–19th Centuries. In parallel with the process of reorganization of the Transylvanian Reformed Diocese, some significant changes took place around the bishop’s office. The first change was around the bishop’s residence. From 1782, the bishop’s permanent residence was in Nagyenyed, in a building donated by Zsuzsánna Thoroczkay for this purpose. Since from then on the bishop was the first priest of the parish of Nagyenyed, there was a question as to the source of his salary. No income was offered by the diocese for the bishop’s first priestly position. After a lengthy discussion, the General Consistory of the Transylvanian Reformed Diocese appointed the College of Nagyenyed to contribute Ft 300 to the salary of the first bishop of Enyed. The bishop, however, was not willing to give up his regular priestly position in another parish for this stipulated salary. Zsigmond Eperjesi was the first bishop to move from Felvinc to the new bishop’s residence in 1784, but only on the condition that he was paid a full teacher’s salary. The archives of the Enyed College were destroyed in 1849, and so we do not know exactly when and how the agreement was made according to which the bishop would receive approximately one teacher’s salary from the public treasury of the college during his time in Enyed. Bishop János Antal also lived in Enyed until 1849. In November 1849, Bishop János Antal, who was already very weak, fled to Târgu-Mureș as a result of the revolutionary events, and the bishop’s residence in Nagyenyed fell into disrepair and became uninhabitable. From 1852, Samuel Bodola took over the bishop’s duties, initially from Târgu-Mureș, and from 1854 from Cluj-Napoca. In this study, we follow up the adverse circumstances and controversies that had led to the construction of a permanent episcopal residence in the 1890s, also in Cluj-Napoca, in parallel with the construction of the building of the Faculty of Theology in Cluj, which was to be the bishop’s residence. Keywords: Transylvanian Reformed Diocese, General Consistory of the Transylvanian Reformed Diocese, episcopal see, Enyed College, episcopal residence "
{"title":"Adalékok az Erdélyi Református Egyházkerület püspöki székhelye körüli vitákhoz a 18–19. században","authors":"Olga Lukács","doi":"10.24193/subbtref.67.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.67.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"\"On the Debates about the Episcopal See of the Transylvanian Reformed Diocese in the 18th–19th Centuries. In parallel with the process of reorganization of the Transylvanian Reformed Diocese, some significant changes took place around the bishop’s office. The first change was around the bishop’s residence. From 1782, the bishop’s permanent residence was in Nagyenyed, in a building donated by Zsuzsánna Thoroczkay for this purpose. Since from then on the bishop was the first priest of the parish of Nagyenyed, there was a question as to the source of his salary. No income was offered by the diocese for the bishop’s first priestly position. After a lengthy discussion, the General Consistory of the Transylvanian Reformed Diocese appointed the College of Nagyenyed to contribute Ft 300 to the salary of the first bishop of Enyed. The bishop, however, was not willing to give up his regular priestly position in another parish for this stipulated salary. Zsigmond Eperjesi was the first bishop to move from Felvinc to the new bishop’s residence in 1784, but only on the condition that he was paid a full teacher’s salary. The archives of the Enyed College were destroyed in 1849, and so we do not know exactly when and how the agreement was made according to which the bishop would receive approximately one teacher’s salary from the public treasury of the college during his time in Enyed. Bishop János Antal also lived in Enyed until 1849. In November 1849, Bishop János Antal, who was already very weak, fled to Târgu-Mureș as a result of the revolutionary events, and the bishop’s residence in Nagyenyed fell into disrepair and became uninhabitable. From 1852, Samuel Bodola took over the bishop’s duties, initially from Târgu-Mureș, and from 1854 from Cluj-Napoca. In this study, we follow up the adverse circumstances and controversies that had led to the construction of a permanent episcopal residence in the 1890s, also in Cluj-Napoca, in parallel with the construction of the building of the Faculty of Theology in Cluj, which was to be the bishop’s residence. Keywords: Transylvanian Reformed Diocese, General Consistory of the Transylvanian Reformed Diocese, episcopal see, Enyed College, episcopal residence \"","PeriodicalId":36470,"journal":{"name":"Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47503077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/subbtref.67.2.04
Radoslav Lojan, F. Kremarik
"Aim. Maurice Merleau-Ponty in his Phenomenology of Perception observes the way that beings are dynamically interconnected: “I discover in that other body a miraculous prolongation of my own intentions… As the parts of my body together comprise one system, so my body and the other person’s are one whole.” What Merleau-Ponty calls to our attention here is the embodied and relational way that we are related to others and the world around us. Based upon Merleau-Ponty’s observation of the relational dimension of embodiment, this study is to analyse and evaluate on relationality, which – as we would argue along with social ethicists Cahill and Kittay – is one of the most important anthropological principles for a better-embodied care today. Methods. The study is based on 1) a comparative analysis, which shows the differences and points of contact between Cahill and Kittay on the relational dimension of embodiment, and 2) a critical analysis, which made it possible to identify the shortcomings and advantages in the arguments of the above-mentioned ethicists. Results. The author analysed Merleau-Ponty’s observation of the relational dimension of embodiment in relation to their theories of relationality and ethics. In this way, the specific liberal views of these American philosophers on such issues as relationality, and the values of the embodied care were explicated. Conclusion. Based on Cahill’s and Kittay’s analyses of relationality, influenced by Merleau-Ponty, the contribution of this paper lies in the following observations: 1) we are all relational human persons, based on our nested dependencies; care and attention to the vulnerabilities of dependent persons by the dependency worker and communal trust creates a network of multiple interdependencies that form the central bonds of human social life; 2) the connection between two individuals is an ethical and social relation that not only facilitates but becomes the experience; 3) a well-ordered society where all persons are equal must care and cannot unfairly exploit the disabled, the children, the old, or anyone based upon gender, race, ethnicity, age, or class status and must offer adequate support to dependents and those who care for them in relations of dependency; 4) relational or community participation is essential for human existence and sharing the good life. One way to do so is to get personally engaged to care or to pay attention to those who need us and are dependent on us. The more dependency we have in our life, the more independent we are! Keywords: embodiment, Lisa S. Cahill, Eva F. Kittay, society, relationality, care "
”的目标。莫瑞斯·梅洛-庞蒂在他的《知觉现象学》中观察到存在是动态地相互联系的:“我在另一个身体上发现了我自己意图的神奇延长……正如我身体的各个部分组成了一个系统，所以我的身体和另一个人的身体是一个整体。”梅洛-庞蒂在这里要我们注意的是我们与他人和周围世界的具体关系方式。基于梅洛-庞蒂对体现的关系维度的观察，本研究将分析和评估关系，正如我们与社会伦理学家卡希尔和基泰所争论的那样，这是当今更好的体现关怀的最重要的人类学原则之一。方法。本研究的基础是:1)比较分析，显示了卡希尔和基泰在体现的关系维度上的差异和契合点;2)批判分析，可以找出上述伦理学家的论点中的缺点和优点。结果。本文结合梅洛-庞蒂的关系理论和伦理学理论，分析了梅洛-庞蒂对体现的关系维度的观察。通过这种方式，阐明了这些美国哲学家在关系、体现关怀的价值等问题上的具体自由主义观点。结论。基于卡希尔和基泰对关系的分析，受梅洛-庞蒂的影响，本文的贡献在于以下观察:1)基于我们嵌套的依赖关系，我们都是有关系的人;依赖工作者和社区信任对被依赖者脆弱性的关心和关注创造了一个多重相互依赖的网络，形成了人类社会生活的核心纽带;2)两个人之间的联系是一种伦理和社会关系，它不仅促进而且成为经验;3)一个秩序良好的社会，在这个社会中，所有人都是平等的，必须照顾残疾人、儿童、老人或任何基于性别、种族、民族、年龄或阶级地位的人，不能不公平地剥削他们，必须为受扶养者和照顾他们的人提供足够的支持;关系或社区参与是人类生存和分享美好生活的必要条件。这样做的一个方法是亲自去关心或关注那些需要我们和依赖我们的人。生活中依赖越多，我们就越独立!关键词:体现，Lisa S. Cahill, Eva F. Kittay，社会，关系，关怀
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Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/subbtref.67.2.10
Ágota Fehér
"Service of “Nobility through the Spirit”. The Mission of Reformed Colleges to Support Talent. In the community of Reformed institutions, children’s growth is accompanied by educators whose mission is a call from God, in the spirit of which they seek to convey the word of the Bible to children. The main message of nurturing talent is to help all students become aware of the abilities they have received from God personally. Reformed colleges play a special role in this and build on significant historical traditions, and see nurturing talent as a process of complex personal development. The aim of the present study is to examine the mission of Reformed colleges in relation to talent development by highlighting two examples: the role of the Reformed College in Sárospatak and of that in Pécs in supporting talent. The sources used were school bulletins and yearbooks. Keywords: talent management, Reformed college, faith, school bulletin and yearbook, Christian pedagogy "
{"title":"A „Lélek által való nemesedés” szolgálata. Református kollégiumok küldetése a tehetségek támogatásában","authors":"Ágota Fehér","doi":"10.24193/subbtref.67.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.67.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"\"Service of “Nobility through the Spirit”. The Mission of Reformed Colleges to Support Talent. In the community of Reformed institutions, children’s growth is accompanied by educators whose mission is a call from God, in the spirit of which they seek to convey the word of the Bible to children. The main message of nurturing talent is to help all students become aware of the abilities they have received from God personally. Reformed colleges play a special role in this and build on significant historical traditions, and see nurturing talent as a process of complex personal development. The aim of the present study is to examine the mission of Reformed colleges in relation to talent development by highlighting two examples: the role of the Reformed College in Sárospatak and of that in Pécs in supporting talent. The sources used were school bulletins and yearbooks. Keywords: talent management, Reformed college, faith, school bulletin and yearbook, Christian pedagogy \"","PeriodicalId":36470,"journal":{"name":"Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69222022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/subbtref.67.2.11
J. Kiss
"This study starts from the current experiential reality of the family, described by sociologist Peter V. Zima as follows: The family, as a victim of society as an alienating structure, becomes itself an alienating structure, which makes it impossible to establish intimate and supportive relationships between family members and the future of the family. The family therefore fails to fulfil its original role of being a place of embeddedness and a resource for society. It is also hampered by transgressions while hindering the search for fairness towards each other. Pastoral care can help families to recognize the essence of guilt and then seek effective resources of help. The paper, therefore, highlights the fundamental relational nature of human existence and the existential nature of guilt through philosophical, theological, and biblical anthropology (1). It then highlights the importance of the notion of existential guilt in contextual perspectives, therapy, and pastoral care (2). Finally, following a theological interpretation of the concept of guilt, it identifies in four points the areas in which the use of the concept of existential guilt in pastoral care is helpful (3). Keywords: relational existence, multiple belonging, heteronomous existence, coexistence as divine discomfort, existential guilt, indebtedness (debitum), actual indebtedness (culpa), order of being, monologic stance, contextual pastoral care "
本研究从目前家庭的经验现实出发，社会学家彼得·齐玛(Peter V. Zima)这样描述:家庭作为社会的受害者，作为一种异化的结构，它本身也成为一种异化的结构，这使得家庭成员和家庭的未来之间不可能建立亲密和支持的关系。因此，家庭未能履行其作为嵌入社会的场所和社会资源的最初作用。它还受到越轨行为的阻碍，同时妨碍寻求彼此之间的公平。教牧关怀可以帮助家庭认识到内疚的本质，进而寻求有效的帮助资源。因此，本文通过哲学、神学和圣经人类学强调了人类存在的基本关系本质和内疚的存在性本质(1)。然后强调了存在性内疚概念在语境视角、治疗和教牧关怀中的重要性(2)。最后，根据对内疚概念的神学解释，它在四个方面确定了在教牧关怀中使用存在主义内疚概念的帮助(3)。关键词:关系存在，多重归属，他律存在，作为神圣不适的共存，存在主义内疚，负债(debitum)，实际负债(culpa)，存在秩序，单一立场，情境教牧关怀。”
{"title":"Dealing with Guilt in Pastoral Care","authors":"J. Kiss","doi":"10.24193/subbtref.67.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.67.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"\"This study starts from the current experiential reality of the family, described by sociologist Peter V. Zima as follows: The family, as a victim of society as an alienating structure, becomes itself an alienating structure, which makes it impossible to establish intimate and supportive relationships between family members and the future of the family. The family therefore fails to fulfil its original role of being a place of embeddedness and a resource for society. It is also hampered by transgressions while hindering the search for fairness towards each other. Pastoral care can help families to recognize the essence of guilt and then seek effective resources of help. The paper, therefore, highlights the fundamental relational nature of human existence and the existential nature of guilt through philosophical, theological, and biblical anthropology (1). It then highlights the importance of the notion of existential guilt in contextual perspectives, therapy, and pastoral care (2). Finally, following a theological interpretation of the concept of guilt, it identifies in four points the areas in which the use of the concept of existential guilt in pastoral care is helpful (3). Keywords: relational existence, multiple belonging, heteronomous existence, coexistence as divine discomfort, existential guilt, indebtedness (debitum), actual indebtedness (culpa), order of being, monologic stance, contextual pastoral care \"","PeriodicalId":36470,"journal":{"name":"Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69222036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/subbtref.67.2.13
Mónika Krasznay
"Intellectual Accessibility in Education: Raising the Issue, Searching for Alternatives. Based on the author’s educational and teaching experiences, including a recommended literature, and taking into account the relevant context of the postmodern society (rapidly changing world, rapidly developing sciences, increased amount of but easily/quickly accessible information, communication tools for information dissemination, etc.), the study considers – and encourages the reader to do the same – the following in terms of both secondary and higher education: ● How and to what extent can we supplement the one-sided memorization of facts and data, the acquisition of lexical knowledge with the technical possibilities of researching and storing information? ● What kind of intellectual abilities and skills, how much independent knowledge is needed today, the development of which should be given greater emphasis? ● How to relieve the burden of a student whose biggest problem is memorization and is this type of relief justified? ● How can the current aspects of accountability and evaluation be supplemented and/or changed accordingly? She does all of this inspired by the thoughts of some experts in the field, whose works form the basis of this study in addition to the author’s teaching and educational experiences. Although the approach to the topic is basically theoretical, the author tries to shape her professional work according to the outlined perspectives, to which concrete reference is made in the concluding part. The main goal of the study is to encourage further thinking, exchange of opinions, and professional discussions, in addition to raising the issue, going around the topic and drawing attention. Keywords: memorization, knowledge acquisition, thinking, problem solving, independence, practice orientation, internal motivation "
{"title":"Intellektuális akadálymentesítés az oktatásban: problémafelvetés, alternatívák keresése","authors":"Mónika Krasznay","doi":"10.24193/subbtref.67.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.67.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"\"Intellectual Accessibility in Education: Raising the Issue, Searching for Alternatives. Based on the author’s educational and teaching experiences, including a recommended literature, and taking into account the relevant context of the postmodern society (rapidly changing world, rapidly developing sciences, increased amount of but easily/quickly accessible information, communication tools for information dissemination, etc.), the study considers – and encourages the reader to do the same – the following in terms of both secondary and higher education: ● How and to what extent can we supplement the one-sided memorization of facts and data, the acquisition of lexical knowledge with the technical possibilities of researching and storing information? ● What kind of intellectual abilities and skills, how much independent knowledge is needed today, the development of which should be given greater emphasis? ● How to relieve the burden of a student whose biggest problem is memorization and is this type of relief justified? ● How can the current aspects of accountability and evaluation be supplemented and/or changed accordingly? She does all of this inspired by the thoughts of some experts in the field, whose works form the basis of this study in addition to the author’s teaching and educational experiences. Although the approach to the topic is basically theoretical, the author tries to shape her professional work according to the outlined perspectives, to which concrete reference is made in the concluding part. The main goal of the study is to encourage further thinking, exchange of opinions, and professional discussions, in addition to raising the issue, going around the topic and drawing attention. Keywords: memorization, knowledge acquisition, thinking, problem solving, independence, practice orientation, internal motivation \"","PeriodicalId":36470,"journal":{"name":"Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69222163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/subbtref.67.2.09
Árpád Kulcsár
"Masters and Disciples. With Particular Focus on Albert Kovács’s Influence upon the Teaching of Homiletics in the Early 20th Century in Kolozsvár/Cluj-Napoca. In this paper, I examine the influence of Albert Kovács (1838–1904), Professor of Practical Theology between 1865 and 1904 at the Theological Seminary in Budapest, upon the teaching of homiletics in the early 20th century in Kolozsvár. After the sudden death of Albert Molnár (1849–1901), Lecturer of Practical Theology at the Theological Seminary in Kolozsvár (1895–1901), Béla Kenessey (1858–1918) continued his work (1901–1907). As former disciple of Albert Kovács, Kenessey used his personal notes from Kovács’s lectures. László Ravasz (1882–1975), Professor of Practical Theology (1907–1921), as the disciple of Kenessey in Kolozsvár, was directly influenced by Albert Kovács’s homiletical thoughts. In this paper, I attempt to demonstrate the influence of Albert Kovács by identifying Kenessey’s homiletical notes (1902) in the Manuscript Collection of the Theological Institute in Kolozsvár, by using an early (1909), handwritten version of László Ravasz’s homiletical handbook (1915) from the inheritance of his disciple Sándor Tavaszy (1888–1952). I also examine the value of László Ravasz’s thoughts in the context of the history of Hungarian and European Protestant homiletics and preaching. Keywords: Albert Kovács, Béla Kenessey, László Ravasz, history of homiletics and preaching "
“师父和弟子们。特别关注阿尔伯特Kovács对20世纪初Kolozsvár/克卢日-纳波卡讲道教学的影响。在本文中，我考察了阿尔伯特Kovács(1838-1904)的影响，他是1865年至1904年在布达佩斯神学院的实践神学教授，对20世纪初Kolozsvár讲道教学的影响。在Kolozsvár神学院实践神学讲师Albert Molnár(1849-1901)(1895-1901)突然去世后，b la Kenessey(1858-1918)继续他的工作(1901-1907)。作为Albert Kovács的前弟子，Kenessey使用了Kovács讲座中的个人笔记。László实践神学教授拉瓦兹(1882-1975)(1907-1921)作为Kolozsvár的肯尼西弟子，直接受到阿尔伯特Kovács布道思想的影响。在本文中，我试图证明阿尔伯特Kovács的影响，通过使用早期(1909年)的手写版本László拉瓦兹的讲道手册(1915年)，从他的门徒Sándor Tavaszy(1888-1952)继承，在Kolozsvár的神学院手稿集中识别Kenessey的讲道笔记(1902年)。我还考察了László拉瓦兹的思想在匈牙利和欧洲新教讲道和布道的历史背景下的价值。关键词:阿尔伯特Kovács, bassila Kenessey, László， Ravasz，讲道史和讲道”
{"title":"Mesterek és tanítványok. Különös tekintettel Kovács Albert hatására a 20. század eleji kolozsvári homiletika-oktatásra","authors":"Árpád Kulcsár","doi":"10.24193/subbtref.67.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.67.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"\"Masters and Disciples. With Particular Focus on Albert Kovács’s Influence upon the Teaching of Homiletics in the Early 20th Century in Kolozsvár/Cluj-Napoca. In this paper, I examine the influence of Albert Kovács (1838–1904), Professor of Practical Theology between 1865 and 1904 at the Theological Seminary in Budapest, upon the teaching of homiletics in the early 20th century in Kolozsvár. After the sudden death of Albert Molnár (1849–1901), Lecturer of Practical Theology at the Theological Seminary in Kolozsvár (1895–1901), Béla Kenessey (1858–1918) continued his work (1901–1907). As former disciple of Albert Kovács, Kenessey used his personal notes from Kovács’s lectures. László Ravasz (1882–1975), Professor of Practical Theology (1907–1921), as the disciple of Kenessey in Kolozsvár, was directly influenced by Albert Kovács’s homiletical thoughts. In this paper, I attempt to demonstrate the influence of Albert Kovács by identifying Kenessey’s homiletical notes (1902) in the Manuscript Collection of the Theological Institute in Kolozsvár, by using an early (1909), handwritten version of László Ravasz’s homiletical handbook (1915) from the inheritance of his disciple Sándor Tavaszy (1888–1952). I also examine the value of László Ravasz’s thoughts in the context of the history of Hungarian and European Protestant homiletics and preaching. Keywords: Albert Kovács, Béla Kenessey, László Ravasz, history of homiletics and preaching \"","PeriodicalId":36470,"journal":{"name":"Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69221426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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