Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.3.1
Fátima Karina López-Páez
Anthurium is a very important ornamental plant in the market. However, its traditional reproduction presents problems, therefore in vitro culture represents an alternative for its propagation. In the in vitro plant tissue culture, the nutrients are provided by the media, but information on the in vitro nutrition for anthurium is scarce. The objective of this research was to evaluate plant growth characteristics, nutrient content in plant tissues and nutrient removal from the culture medium in three in vitro culture systems: semi-solid, partial immersion and the RITA® bioreactor. The data were analyzed, using an ANOVA and compared with Tukey tests, using the statistical software R-STUDIO. The highest length of shoots and roots were observed with partial immersion; the number of leaves, shoots and roots did not show differences with the RITA® bioreactors. The highest tissue content of nutrients occurred in plants cultivated in the RITA® bioreactor. For the content of nutrients in the culture medium, the highest one was observed in the RITA® bioreactor, which indicates a most efficient use of nutrients, due to the greater contact of explants with the media and a best gas exchange. Therefore, the RITA® bioreactor represents the most viable option for anthurium plants production.
{"title":"In vitro nutrition of anthurium (Anthurium andreanum Linden var. Tropical) in three culture systems","authors":"Fátima Karina López-Páez","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Anthurium is a very important ornamental plant in the market. However, its traditional reproduction presents problems, therefore in vitro culture represents an alternative for its propagation. In the in vitro plant tissue culture, the nutrients are provided by the media, but information on the in vitro nutrition for anthurium is scarce. The objective of this research was to evaluate plant growth characteristics, nutrient content in plant tissues and nutrient removal from the culture medium in three in vitro culture systems: semi-solid, partial immersion and the RITA® bioreactor. The data were analyzed, using an ANOVA and compared with Tukey tests, using the statistical software R-STUDIO. The highest length of shoots and roots were observed with partial immersion; the number of leaves, shoots and roots did not show differences with the RITA® bioreactors. The highest tissue content of nutrients occurred in plants cultivated in the RITA® bioreactor. For the content of nutrients in the culture medium, the highest one was observed in the RITA® bioreactor, which indicates a most efficient use of nutrients, due to the greater contact of explants with the media and a best gas exchange. Therefore, the RITA® bioreactor represents the most viable option for anthurium plants production.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43854446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.2.16
Héctor Aarón Bonilla-Suárez
The upregulation of P-glycoprotein genes in Haemonchus contortus suspected of ivermectin resistance (IVM-Res) was studied in sheep farms. A faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was used to evaluate IVM-Res on four farms (from A to D). Faecal samples positive to gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) were used to identify infective larval stages (L3) pre- and post-IVM treatment by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test. Ten P-glycoprotein (pgp) genes were analysed to estimate the over expression level in H. contortus L3. Genes were quantified using the Retro Transcription–real time PCR technique. FECRT indicated low IVM efficacy on the four farms from zero to 33% of eggs per gram and Haemonchus, Cooperia and Trichostrongylus were the GINs identified after IVM treatment. H. contortus isolates displayed different pgp gene upregulation levels (p < 0.05): pgp4 from 19.03 to 25.96-fold on four farms; 3 and 16 pgp from 32.19 to 134.21-fold on three farms; 1, 2 and 12 pgp from 7.14 to 56.43-fold on two farms; 10 and 11 pgp from 6.82 to 32.86-fold on one farm. In conclusion, the examination of FECRT showed low IVM efficacy against GINs. Additionally, pgp3, 4 and 16 were the most frequent genes involved in sheep farms with IVM-Res problems in relation to IVM resistant H. contortus.
{"title":"P-glycoprotein gene expression analysis of ivermectin resistance in sheep naturally infected with Haemonchus contortus","authors":"Héctor Aarón Bonilla-Suárez","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"The upregulation of P-glycoprotein genes in Haemonchus contortus suspected of ivermectin resistance (IVM-Res) was studied in sheep farms. A faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was used to evaluate IVM-Res on four farms (from A to D). Faecal samples positive to gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) were used to identify infective larval stages (L3) pre- and post-IVM treatment by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test. Ten P-glycoprotein (pgp) genes were analysed to estimate the over expression level in H. contortus L3. Genes were quantified using the Retro Transcription–real time PCR technique. FECRT indicated low IVM efficacy on the four farms from zero to 33% of eggs per gram and Haemonchus, Cooperia and Trichostrongylus were the GINs identified after IVM treatment. H. contortus isolates displayed different pgp gene upregulation levels (p < 0.05): pgp4 from 19.03 to 25.96-fold on four farms; 3 and 16 pgp from 32.19 to 134.21-fold on three farms; 1, 2 and 12 pgp from 7.14 to 56.43-fold on two farms; 10 and 11 pgp from 6.82 to 32.86-fold on one farm. In conclusion, the examination of FECRT showed low IVM efficacy against GINs. Additionally, pgp3, 4 and 16 were the most frequent genes involved in sheep farms with IVM-Res problems in relation to IVM resistant H. contortus.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43483906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.2.1
E. Ballesteros-Rodríguez, F. Escalante-Erosa, Lorenzo Felipe Sánchez- Teyer
Pulquero maguey has been related to the cultural inheritance of Otomi-communities since pre-Hispanic times. In the last 30 years, a gradual disappearance of pulquero maguey has been observed in the Otomi-Huitzizilapan region, located in the State of Mexico, Mexico, thus, it is of great interest to analyze the genetic variability of this kind of maguey for future identification, monitoring and conservation purposes. This work had as objective to determine the genetic variability of the pulquero maguey individuals of the Otomi-Huitzizilapan region using AFLP technique and the qualitative carbohydrate characterization present in the leaves juice employing high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Of the selective amplification with six primer combinations, a total of 890 AFLP markers was obtained with 82.3% polymorphic. Identified carbohydrates such as fructose, glucose, sacarose, 1-kestose and nystose coincide with the ones reported in other Agave species. The results obtained make it possible to initially quantify the variation existing in the plants evaluated. The carbohydrate profile signals that the pulquero maguey could be used in alternative industrial purposes.
{"title":"Genetic variability of maguey pulquero (Agave spp.) in the Otomi-Huitzizilapan region, State of Mexico","authors":"E. Ballesteros-Rodríguez, F. Escalante-Erosa, Lorenzo Felipe Sánchez- Teyer","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Pulquero maguey has been related to the cultural inheritance of Otomi-communities since pre-Hispanic times. In the last 30 years, a gradual disappearance of pulquero maguey has been observed in the Otomi-Huitzizilapan region, located in the State of Mexico, Mexico, thus, it is of great interest to analyze the genetic variability of this kind of maguey for future identification, monitoring and conservation purposes. This work had as objective to determine the genetic variability of the pulquero maguey individuals of the Otomi-Huitzizilapan region using AFLP technique and the qualitative carbohydrate characterization present in the leaves juice employing high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Of the selective amplification with six primer combinations, a total of 890 AFLP markers was obtained with 82.3% polymorphic. Identified carbohydrates such as fructose, glucose, sacarose, 1-kestose and nystose coincide with the ones reported in other Agave species. The results obtained make it possible to initially quantify the variation existing in the plants evaluated. The carbohydrate profile signals that the pulquero maguey could be used in alternative industrial purposes.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48823804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-24DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.1.18
Laura Camacho‐Jiménez, L. Montoya-Rodríguez, V. Álvarez, Saul González-Pineda, Fernando Pino-Vera, C. H. Mejía-Ruiz
The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a constant threat for white shrimp (L. vannamei) aquaculture since it can cause major economic losses. One of the biotechnologies that have gained relevance to prevent WSSV infections are the bio-drugs based on RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms, which can be initiated by the exogenous application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that is administrated to shrimp for blocking the expression of some viral gene. In the present work, we made a small-scale evaluation of a bio-drug (Bfvt) constructed from a specific dsRNA against the viral gene associated to orf89 from WSSV, as prophylactic treatment in L. vannamei broodstock. The Bfvt was administrated intramuscularly to shrimp broodstock from two families (B and C) with natural resistance to WSSV, which were subsequently challenged with the virus through two ways of infection (intramuscular and per os). The results show that although both families presented a similar resistance to WSSV, the administration of Bfvt decreased the viral load and increased the survival of shrimp challenged with the virus, especially those that were intramuscularly infected. We conclude that the intramuscular administration of Bfvt is efficient and viable as strategy to prevent the WSSV infection in shrimp broodstock confined to maturation.
{"title":"Prophylactic evaluation of an RNA interference (RNAi) bio-drug against White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in commercial lines of Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock","authors":"Laura Camacho‐Jiménez, L. Montoya-Rodríguez, V. Álvarez, Saul González-Pineda, Fernando Pino-Vera, C. H. Mejía-Ruiz","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a constant threat for white shrimp (L. vannamei) aquaculture since it can cause major economic losses. One of the biotechnologies that have gained relevance to prevent WSSV infections are the bio-drugs based on RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms, which can be initiated by the exogenous application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that is administrated to shrimp for blocking the expression of some viral gene. In the present work, we made a small-scale evaluation of a bio-drug (Bfvt) constructed from a specific dsRNA against the viral gene associated to orf89 from WSSV, as prophylactic treatment in L. vannamei broodstock. The Bfvt was administrated intramuscularly to shrimp broodstock from two families (B and C) with natural resistance to WSSV, which were subsequently challenged with the virus through two ways of infection (intramuscular and per os). The results show that although both families presented a similar resistance to WSSV, the administration of Bfvt decreased the viral load and increased the survival of shrimp challenged with the virus, especially those that were intramuscularly infected. We conclude that the intramuscular administration of Bfvt is efficient and viable as strategy to prevent the WSSV infection in shrimp broodstock confined to maturation.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48779852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.1.1
Ángel González-Márquez, C. Sánchez
Tween 80 is a surfactant that has been used for several purposes in microbial cultures. In bioremediation studies, the addition of surfactants in the medium is a common practice, since it makes hydrophobic substrates available to the microorganism. In this work, the influence of Tween 80 (100 or 400 μL/L) on the biomass production, protein content, esterase activities and, growth and enzymatic yield parameters of Trichoderma harzianum grown in submerged fermentation was evaluated. Assessments of esterase activities through biochemical tests and zymographic assays were carried out using α-naphthyl acetate as substrate. A single band with esterase activity was observed in the different concentrations of Tween 80 tested. However, 400 μL of Tween 80 induced higher esterase production (148.2 U/L) in T. harzianum as compared to that esterase activity (79.5 U/L) shown in the medium added with 100 μL of Tween 80 per liter. These results showed that high concentrations (e.g. 400 μL/L) of Tween 80 enhanced the esterase activity in T. harzianum. The single band with esterase activity revealed on zymograms suggests that this enzyme (of 38 kDa approx.) may be present in both forms as a constitutive as well as an inducible esterase, since it was observed in both glucose- and Tween 80-supplemented media.
{"title":"Tween 80-induced esterase production by Trichoderma harzianum in submerged fermentation: An esterase activity assay using α-naphthyl acetate as substrate","authors":"Ángel González-Márquez, C. Sánchez","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Tween 80 is a surfactant that has been used for several purposes in microbial cultures. In bioremediation studies, the addition of surfactants in the medium is a common practice, since it makes hydrophobic substrates available to the microorganism. In this work, the influence of Tween 80 (100 or 400 μL/L) on the biomass production, protein content, esterase activities and, growth and enzymatic yield parameters of Trichoderma harzianum grown in submerged fermentation was evaluated. Assessments of esterase activities through biochemical tests and zymographic assays were carried out using α-naphthyl acetate as substrate. A single band with esterase activity was observed in the different concentrations of Tween 80 tested. However, 400 μL of Tween 80 induced higher esterase production (148.2 U/L) in T. harzianum as compared to that esterase activity (79.5 U/L) shown in the medium added with 100 μL of Tween 80 per liter. These results showed that high concentrations (e.g. 400 μL/L) of Tween 80 enhanced the esterase activity in T. harzianum. The single band with esterase activity revealed on zymograms suggests that this enzyme (of 38 kDa approx.) may be present in both forms as a constitutive as well as an inducible esterase, since it was observed in both glucose- and Tween 80-supplemented media.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43216037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-05DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.4.35
U. Valdez-Espinoza, Ninnet Gómez-Romero, R. Hernández-Ortiz, Edgar Castro-Saines, R. Lagunes-Quintanilla
One of the main health problems in cattle farming is infestations caused by ticks. The most important species is Rhipicephalus microplus, which affects 80% of bovine population worldwide. Its control is mainly based on the use of ixodicides. However, excessive and inappropriate use has generated multi-resistant strains of ticks. Alternatively, immune control has been proposed as an important method to reduce tick populations. The recombinant Bm86 vaccine is the only commercially available and reports variations in its efficacy due to polymorphisms in the gene's coding sequence. Therefore, this work aimed to characterize an immunogenic region of Bm86 strain R. microplus "Media Joya" to propose a vaccine candidate that is conserved and with minimal variability in its efficacy. Computational tools, molecular biology techniques, and phylogenetic analysis were used. As a result, an immunogenic region consisting of 178 amino acids and 98-100% identity/similarity were obtained concerning strains of R. microplus ticks from the Americas. Furthermore, is necessary to evaluate the immunoprotective potential of the Bm86 region characterized in this work as an anti-tick vaccine.
{"title":"Characterization of an immunogenic region of the Bm86 antigen as an improved vaccine against the Rhipicephalus microplus tick","authors":"U. Valdez-Espinoza, Ninnet Gómez-Romero, R. Hernández-Ortiz, Edgar Castro-Saines, R. Lagunes-Quintanilla","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.4.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.4.35","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main health problems in cattle farming is infestations caused by ticks. The most important species is Rhipicephalus microplus, which affects 80% of bovine population worldwide. Its control is mainly based on the use of ixodicides. However, excessive and inappropriate use has generated multi-resistant strains of ticks. Alternatively, immune control has been proposed as an important method to reduce tick populations. The recombinant Bm86 vaccine is the only commercially available and reports variations in its efficacy due to polymorphisms in the gene's coding sequence. Therefore, this work aimed to characterize an immunogenic region of Bm86 strain R. microplus \"Media Joya\" to propose a vaccine candidate that is conserved and with minimal variability in its efficacy. Computational tools, molecular biology techniques, and phylogenetic analysis were used. As a result, an immunogenic region consisting of 178 amino acids and 98-100% identity/similarity were obtained concerning strains of R. microplus ticks from the Americas. Furthermore, is necessary to evaluate the immunoprotective potential of the Bm86 region characterized in this work as an anti-tick vaccine.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42351794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.4.17
Glenda A. Espinoza, V. Almaguer-Cantú, R. B. García-Reyes, Edna R. Meza, Denisse Serrano‐Palacios, L. H. Álvarez-Valencia
Azo dyes are susceptible to be treated by reductive biotransformation process under anaerobic conditions. The process can be accelerated by the addition of quinones and humic substances acting as redox mediators (RM). In this study, the anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) was immobilized on granular activated carbon (GAC) to evaluate the reductive biotransformation of congo red (CR) in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB). The syudy was divided in five stages, where the reactors with immobilized RM and without RM were operated under different salinity levels (1% and 3%) and hydraulic retention times (HRT = 5 and 10 h). The reactor with immobilized RM (GAC-AQS) achieved a decolorization efficiency of 96.1% and substrate consumption of 98.8% with a HRT = 15 h and 1% of salinity. Nonetheless, with a salinity of 3% and the same HRT, the efficiency was similar (95.6%). The reactor provided with unmodified GAC achieved values below those observed in the reactor GAC-AQS, with decolorization efficiencies of 90.8% and 75.8%, and substrate consumption of 97.1% and 88.4%, for the stages IV and V, respectively. The microbial consortium sued was able to promote the biotransformation of azo dye and no inhibitory effects were identified.
{"title":"Biotransformation of congo red in a UASB reactor under salinity conditions using immobilized redox mediator in granular activated carbon","authors":"Glenda A. Espinoza, V. Almaguer-Cantú, R. B. García-Reyes, Edna R. Meza, Denisse Serrano‐Palacios, L. H. Álvarez-Valencia","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.4.17","url":null,"abstract":"Azo dyes are susceptible to be treated by reductive biotransformation process under anaerobic conditions. The process can be accelerated by the addition of quinones and humic substances acting as redox mediators (RM). In this study, the anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) was immobilized on granular activated carbon (GAC) to evaluate the reductive biotransformation of congo red (CR) in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB). The syudy was divided in five stages, where the reactors with immobilized RM and without RM were operated under different salinity levels (1% and 3%) and hydraulic retention times (HRT = 5 and 10 h). The reactor with immobilized RM (GAC-AQS) achieved a decolorization efficiency of 96.1% and substrate consumption of 98.8% with a HRT = 15 h and 1% of salinity. Nonetheless, with a salinity of 3% and the same HRT, the efficiency was similar (95.6%). The reactor provided with unmodified GAC achieved values below those observed in the reactor GAC-AQS, with decolorization efficiencies of 90.8% and 75.8%, and substrate consumption of 97.1% and 88.4%, for the stages IV and V, respectively. The microbial consortium sued was able to promote the biotransformation of azo dye and no inhibitory effects were identified.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46728101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.4.1
Manuel Méndez-Gómez, E. Castro-Mercado, E. García-Pineda
Azospirillum spp., one of the best studied genus of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. These rhizobacteria are able to colonize hundreds of plant species and improve their growth, development and productivity. The target of rapamycin (TOR) protein is a central component of the TOR signaling pathway, which regulates cell growth and metabolism in response to environment cues in eukaryotes. In this study, the TOR function was analyzed in Arabidopsis thaliana L. plants inoculated with the rhizobacteria Azospirillum brasilense. Arabidopsis seedlings tor-es, which express an interference RNA in presence of estradiol and decrease TOR expression, showed an inhibition in the growth and lateral root formation, with or without 1x102 CFU/mL of the inoculum. In addition, a morphological analysis of the root showed an inhibition in the root hair formation. The results suggest that A. brasilense controls A. thaliana growth through TOR signaling pathway.
{"title":"Azospirillum brasilense stimulate the growth in Arabidopsis thaliana through the target of rapamycin protein","authors":"Manuel Méndez-Gómez, E. Castro-Mercado, E. García-Pineda","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Azospirillum spp., one of the best studied genus of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. These rhizobacteria are able to colonize hundreds of plant species and improve their growth, development and productivity. The target of rapamycin (TOR) protein is a central component of the TOR signaling pathway, which regulates cell growth and metabolism in response to environment cues in eukaryotes. In this study, the TOR function was analyzed in Arabidopsis thaliana L. plants inoculated with the rhizobacteria Azospirillum brasilense. Arabidopsis seedlings tor-es, which express an interference RNA in presence of estradiol and decrease TOR expression, showed an inhibition in the growth and lateral root formation, with or without 1x102 CFU/mL of the inoculum. In addition, a morphological analysis of the root showed an inhibition in the root hair formation. The results suggest that A. brasilense controls A. thaliana growth through TOR signaling pathway.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48407535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.29267/MXJB.2021.6.3.19
V. G. Almada-Ruiz, G. Lugo-García, L. Ortega-Arenas, E. E. Mendoza-Garcia, Á. Reyes-Olivas, B. Sánchez-Soto
In vitro effect of ethanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica seeds, Melia azedarach and Swietenia humilis (Meliaceae) were evaluated on the mortality, repellency and oviposition of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Toxicity was determined by the placement of adults and nymphs on orange leaf discs (Citrus sinensis cv. Valencia) previously sprayed or immersed in the treatments. The repellency was estimated through an exposition of adults to the treated leaf, in an experimental arena for 24 h. In order to inhibit oviposition, Murraya paniculata sprouts sprinkled with 2.5 mL of solution were used. The ethanolic extracts from the three meliaceus showed toxicity on nymphs and adults; however, adults evidenced the toxic effect as of 100.0 mg/mL, while nymphs did at 4.10 mg/mL. With a repellent effect, the 100 mg/mL solution stands out, with 82 and 78% for A. indica and S. humilis, respectively; effect associated to the concentration and the time. The oviposition was affected by ethanolic extracts of S. humilis and A. indica at 100.0 mg/mL. It is inferred that the ethanol extracts from S. humilis and A. indica present potential to be considered in the development of alternatives for the integrated management of D. citri.
{"title":"n vitro biological activity of ethanolic extracts from plants of the Meliaceae family on Diaphorina citri Kuwayama 1908 (Hemiptera: Liviidae)","authors":"V. G. Almada-Ruiz, G. Lugo-García, L. Ortega-Arenas, E. E. Mendoza-Garcia, Á. Reyes-Olivas, B. Sánchez-Soto","doi":"10.29267/MXJB.2021.6.3.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/MXJB.2021.6.3.19","url":null,"abstract":"In vitro effect of ethanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica seeds, Melia azedarach and Swietenia humilis (Meliaceae) were evaluated on the mortality, repellency and oviposition of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Toxicity was determined by the placement of adults and nymphs on orange leaf discs (Citrus sinensis cv. Valencia) previously sprayed or immersed in the treatments. The repellency was estimated through an exposition of adults to the treated leaf, in an experimental arena for 24 h. In order to inhibit oviposition, Murraya paniculata sprouts sprinkled with 2.5 mL of solution were used. The ethanolic extracts from the three meliaceus showed toxicity on nymphs and adults; however, adults evidenced the toxic effect as of 100.0 mg/mL, while nymphs did at 4.10 mg/mL. With a repellent effect, the 100 mg/mL solution stands out, with 82 and 78% for A. indica and S. humilis, respectively; effect associated to the concentration and the time. The oviposition was affected by ethanolic extracts of S. humilis and A. indica at 100.0 mg/mL. It is inferred that the ethanol extracts from S. humilis and A. indica present potential to be considered in the development of alternatives for the integrated management of D. citri.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41702534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.29267/MXJB.2021.6.3.1
H. Rosales-Bravo, J. Vázquez-Martínez, H. C. Morales-Torres, J. Molina-Torres, Norma Angélica Caudillo-Ortega, V. Olalde‐Portugal
The metabolic capacity of probiotic mixed cultures formed by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains was assessed through the determination of the acidification profile and the production of amino acids and volatile compounds, during the fermentation of ultra-pasteurized skim milk. Two mixed cultures formed by [L. acidophilus + B. bifidum] and [L. acidophilus + B. animalis] stood out in the production of essential amino acids: His, Ile, Leu, Met, Thr, Trp and Val. As well as increased production of volatile compounds such as: acetoin, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, acetic acid, acid butanoic and hexanoic acid, in contrast to commercial fermented dairy products. Additionally, these bacterial mixed cultures were characterized by the production of distinctive volatile compounds: 1-heptanol, diisobutylcarninol, hemellitol, 1-dodecanol, acetone, 2-pentanone, 2-undecanone, ethyl acetate, benzaldehyde as well as valeric, acetyl valeric and isopropylpyruvic acids. Finally, the culture formed by [L. acidophilus + B. bifidum] presented a good acidification profile with a lactic acid production of 26.1 ± 0.1 g / L and pH 3.6 at the end of fermentation. This data suggests a great potential of these mixed cultures to improve the nutritional value and organoleptic characteristics of fermented dairy products, when added as starter or adjunct cultures in the fermentation process.
{"title":"Metabolic capacity of probiotic mixed cultures formed by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains for use in functional fermented dairy foods","authors":"H. Rosales-Bravo, J. Vázquez-Martínez, H. C. Morales-Torres, J. Molina-Torres, Norma Angélica Caudillo-Ortega, V. Olalde‐Portugal","doi":"10.29267/MXJB.2021.6.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/MXJB.2021.6.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"The metabolic capacity of probiotic mixed cultures formed by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains was assessed through the determination of the acidification profile and the production of amino acids and volatile compounds, during the fermentation of ultra-pasteurized skim milk. Two mixed cultures formed by [L. acidophilus + B. bifidum] and [L. acidophilus + B. animalis] stood out in the production of essential amino acids: His, Ile, Leu, Met, Thr, Trp and Val. As well as increased production of volatile compounds such as: acetoin, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, acetic acid, acid butanoic and hexanoic acid, in contrast to commercial fermented dairy products. Additionally, these bacterial mixed cultures were characterized by the production of distinctive volatile compounds: 1-heptanol, diisobutylcarninol, hemellitol, 1-dodecanol, acetone, 2-pentanone, 2-undecanone, ethyl acetate, benzaldehyde as well as valeric, acetyl valeric and isopropylpyruvic acids. Finally, the culture formed by [L. acidophilus + B. bifidum] presented a good acidification profile with a lactic acid production of 26.1 ± 0.1 g / L and pH 3.6 at the end of fermentation. This data suggests a great potential of these mixed cultures to improve the nutritional value and organoleptic characteristics of fermented dairy products, when added as starter or adjunct cultures in the fermentation process.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42569069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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