Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.29267/MXJB.2021.6.2.1
Peter Petros, Teilinummentie Karjalohja Finland. Kääpä Biotech Oy, Matthias Heilweck, D. Moore
We evaluate suggestions to harness the ability of calcifying organisms (molluscs, crustacea, corals and coccolithophore algae) to remove permanently CO2 from the atmosphere into solid (crystalline) CaCO3 for atmosphere remediation. Here, we compare this blue carbon with artificial/industrial Carbon dioxide Capture & Storage (CCS) solutions. An industrial CCS facility delivers, at some cost, captured CO2, nothing more. But aquaculture enterprises cultivating shell to capture and store atmospheric CO2 also produce nutritious food and perform many ecosystem services like water filtration, biodeposition, denitrification, reef building, enhanced biodiversity, shoreline stabilisation and wave management. We estimate that a mussel farm sequesters three times as much carbon as terrestrial ecosystems retain. Blue carbon farming does not need irrigation or fertiliser, nor conflict with the use of scarce agricultural land. Blue carbon farming can be combined with restoration and conservation of overfished fisheries and usually involves so little intervention that there is no inevitable conflict with other activities. We calculate that this paradigm shift (from ‘shellfish as food’ to ‘shellfish for carbon sequestration’) makes bivalve mollusc farming and microalgal farming enterprises, viable, profitable, and sustainable, alternatives to all CCUS industrial technologies and terrestrial biotechnologies in use today.
{"title":"Saving the Planet with Appropriate Biotechnology: 5. An Action Plan","authors":"Peter Petros, Teilinummentie Karjalohja Finland. Kääpä Biotech Oy, Matthias Heilweck, D. Moore","doi":"10.29267/MXJB.2021.6.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/MXJB.2021.6.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluate suggestions to harness the ability of calcifying organisms (molluscs, crustacea, corals and coccolithophore algae) to remove permanently CO2 from the atmosphere into solid (crystalline) CaCO3 for atmosphere remediation. Here, we compare this blue carbon with artificial/industrial Carbon dioxide Capture & Storage (CCS) solutions. An industrial CCS facility delivers, at some cost, captured CO2, nothing more. But aquaculture enterprises cultivating shell to capture and store atmospheric CO2 also produce nutritious food and perform many ecosystem services like water filtration, biodeposition, denitrification, reef building, enhanced biodiversity, shoreline stabilisation and wave management. We estimate that a mussel farm sequesters three times as much carbon as terrestrial ecosystems retain. Blue carbon farming does not need irrigation or fertiliser, nor conflict with the use of scarce agricultural land. Blue carbon farming can be combined with restoration and conservation of overfished fisheries and usually involves so little intervention that there is no inevitable conflict with other activities. We calculate that this paradigm shift (from ‘shellfish as food’ to ‘shellfish for carbon sequestration’) makes bivalve mollusc farming and microalgal farming enterprises, viable, profitable, and sustainable, alternatives to all CCUS industrial technologies and terrestrial biotechnologies in use today.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44454287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.1.31
D. Moore, Matthias Heilweck, Peter Petros, Teilinummentie Karjalohja Finland. Kääpä Biotech Oy
Shellfish cultivation is the only industry on the planet that (a) feeds us, (b) permanently removes CO2 from our atmosphere, and, with care, could (c) engineer our marine habitats to maintain the health and biodiversity of those ecosystems into the future. About 30-50% of shellfish biomass is represented by the animals’ shells, and shellfish shell is made by converting atmospheric CO2 into crystalline calcium carbonate which is stable for geological periods of time. The human tradition of eating shellfish is recorded in the ancient middens of shellfish shells that track migrations of early humans around the world. Recent history shows increasing exploitation of marine resources by an ever-growing human population. By the end of the 19th century oysters had become a cheap staple food on both sides of the Atlantic, but this oyster dredging destroyed 85% of the world’s oyster beds. In the tropics, Giant Clams have also been fished to extinction in many Indian Ocean and Pacific waters. In the 21st century, these animals deserve to have the same vigour applied to their restoration and conservation as we applied to dredging them from the seabed. In return they will cleanse our atmosphere by permanently sequestering its excess CO2 into limestone. And we must start now, before Homo sapiens is added to the list of organisms driven to extinction by humanity’s follies.
{"title":"Saving the planet with appropriate biotechnology: 2. Cultivate shellfish to remediate the atmosphere","authors":"D. Moore, Matthias Heilweck, Peter Petros, Teilinummentie Karjalohja Finland. Kääpä Biotech Oy","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Shellfish cultivation is the only industry on the planet that (a) feeds us, (b) permanently removes CO2 from our atmosphere, and, with care, could (c) engineer our marine habitats to maintain the health and biodiversity of those ecosystems into the future. About 30-50% of shellfish biomass is represented by the animals’ shells, and shellfish shell is made by converting atmospheric CO2 into crystalline calcium carbonate which is stable for geological periods of time. The human tradition of eating shellfish is recorded in the ancient middens of shellfish shells that track migrations of early humans around the world. Recent history shows increasing exploitation of marine resources by an ever-growing human population. By the end of the 19th century oysters had become a cheap staple food on both sides of the Atlantic, but this oyster dredging destroyed 85% of the world’s oyster beds. In the tropics, Giant Clams have also been fished to extinction in many Indian Ocean and Pacific waters. In the 21st century, these animals deserve to have the same vigour applied to their restoration and conservation as we applied to dredging them from the seabed. In return they will cleanse our atmosphere by permanently sequestering its excess CO2 into limestone. And we must start now, before Homo sapiens is added to the list of organisms driven to extinction by humanity’s follies.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45238051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-30DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2019.4.4.29
A. Pérez-Moreno, C. Sarabia-Castillo, G. Medina-Pérez, H. Pérez-Hérnandez, Jorge Roque De La Puente, S. González-Pozos, L. Corlay-Chee, Angelina Chamizo-Checa, R. Campos-Montiel, F. Fernández‐Luqueño
Currently, some concerns regarding the potential toxicity of nanoparticles (NP) on the environment have emerged. The effect of ZnO, TiO2, and Fe2O3 NP on corn (Zea mays L.), common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), nanobioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and soil organisms from agricultural or forest soils was studied at laboratory, greenhouse, and land level. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy with X-ray energy dispersion spectrometry (FESEM-EDS), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) gas chromatography (GC), ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR). ZnO-NP did not harm the mycorrhizal root colonization but, the presence of ZnO-NP decreased the degradation of PAH. The synthesis of metabolites from corn was more affected by the PAH than by ZnONP. FTIR spectra showed that NP affected the synthesis of compounds from specific functional groups in common bean plants. Fe2O3-NP were attached to the body of forestsoil organisms and significantly increased the concentration of Fe in their body, while TiO2-NP changed the morphological tissue of roots and stems of common bean as witnessed by micrographs of longitudinal and cross-sections. The NP used in this research significantly changed some response variables on the experiments carried-out at laboratory, greenhouse, and land level.
{"title":"Nanomaterials modify the growth of crops and some characteristics of organisms from agricultural or forest soils: An experimental study at laboratory, greenhouse and land level","authors":"A. Pérez-Moreno, C. Sarabia-Castillo, G. Medina-Pérez, H. Pérez-Hérnandez, Jorge Roque De La Puente, S. González-Pozos, L. Corlay-Chee, Angelina Chamizo-Checa, R. Campos-Montiel, F. Fernández‐Luqueño","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2019.4.4.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2019.4.4.29","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, some concerns regarding the potential toxicity of nanoparticles (NP) on the environment have emerged. The effect of ZnO, TiO2, and Fe2O3 NP on corn (Zea mays L.), common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), nanobioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and soil organisms from agricultural or forest soils was studied at laboratory, greenhouse, and land level. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction\u0000(XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy with X-ray energy dispersion spectrometry (FESEM-EDS), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) gas chromatography (GC), ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR). ZnO-NP did not harm the\u0000mycorrhizal root colonization but, the presence of ZnO-NP decreased the degradation of PAH. The synthesis of metabolites from corn was more affected by the PAH than by ZnONP. FTIR spectra showed that NP affected the synthesis of compounds from specific functional groups in common bean plants. Fe2O3-NP were attached to the body of forestsoil organisms and significantly increased the concentration of Fe in their body, while TiO2-NP changed the morphological tissue of roots and stems of common bean as witnessed by micrographs of longitudinal and cross-sections. The NP used in this research significantly changed some response variables on the experiments carried-out at laboratory, greenhouse, and land level.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46776595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-17DOI: 10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.4.15
Lucia Teresa Mendoza-Morales, Á. Mendoza-González, Luz Elena Mateo Cid, A. Rodríguez-Dorantes
El empleo de bioestimulantes a partir de mezclas de sustancias y/o organismos es una herramienta prometedora que incrementa el uso eficiente de nutrientes y la tolerancia de las plantas bajo condiciones de estrés. Las macroalgas (seaweeds) son una fuente marina renovable importante y los extractos de ellas se han aplicado como bioestimulantes de plantas. Este trabajo analizó el efecto de la imbibición de semillas de Lens esculenta con extractos acuosos de dos macroalgas como bioestimulantes del crecimiento de las plántulas de esta especie. En este estudio se mostró un efecto hormético notable que indujo la promoción del crecimiento de las plántulas de L. esculenta expuestas a las concentraciones de Sargassum vulgare de 5% y de Ulva fasciata de 5% y 10%. Lo que evidenció que el empleo de éstos a bajas concentraciones en procesos de imbibición de semillas, los recomiendan como biostimulantes potenciales para la promoción del crecimiento de plantas que favorecen su adaptación ante cualquier condición de estrés.
{"title":"Análisis del efecto de extractos de Sargassum vulgare y Ulva fasciata como bioestimulantes del crecimiento de Lens esculenta","authors":"Lucia Teresa Mendoza-Morales, Á. Mendoza-González, Luz Elena Mateo Cid, A. Rodríguez-Dorantes","doi":"10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.4.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.4.15","url":null,"abstract":"El empleo de bioestimulantes a partir de mezclas de sustancias y/o organismos es una herramienta prometedora que incrementa el uso eficiente de nutrientes y la tolerancia de las plantas bajo condiciones de estrés. Las macroalgas (seaweeds) son una fuente marina renovable importante y los extractos de ellas se han aplicado como bioestimulantes de plantas. Este trabajo analizó el efecto de la imbibición de semillas de Lens esculenta con extractos acuosos de dos macroalgas como bioestimulantes del crecimiento de las plántulas de esta especie. En este estudio se mostró un efecto hormético notable que indujo la promoción del crecimiento de las plántulas de L. esculenta expuestas a las concentraciones de Sargassum vulgare de 5% y de Ulva fasciata de 5% y 10%. Lo que evidenció que el empleo de éstos a bajas concentraciones en procesos de imbibición de semillas, los recomiendan como biostimulantes potenciales para la promoción del crecimiento de plantas que favorecen su adaptación ante cualquier condición de estrés.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69870500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.29267/mxjb.2019.4.4.1
Diana G. Alamilla-Martínez, N. Rojas-Avelizapa, I. Dominguez-Lopez, Héctor Pool, M. Gómez-Ramírez
The ability of four extracellular filtrates (FE), obtained from A. alternata biomass grown in four different culture media; malt dextrose broth (MDB), potato dextrose broth (PDB), sucrose (S) and Czapek (C), were evaluated to biosynthesize iron nanoparticles (FeNPs), at the end of the assay a brown color was revealed in all the samples. To evidence biosynthesis of nanoparticles, absorption spectra were made from 200 to 600 nm for all the samples and, analyzed by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). The morphology and size of the synthesized FeNPs were studied using the SPIP 6.2.0 software. From the four extracellular filtrates assays, the nanoparticles biosynthesis was possible only in the EF-PDB and EF-C, showing their presence in the UV-vis spectrum when forming an absorption band at 226 and 225 respectively, and plateau around at 270 nm to EF-PDB, and 290 nm to EF-C. The synthesized nanoparticles presented spherical and polydisperse form, those synthesized with EF-PDB showed a size of 20-40 nm, while those synthesized with EF-C had a size of 10-80 nm. Six months after their production, the FeNPs biosynthesized by EF-C were analyzed by microscopy showing an Mexican Journal of Biotechnology 2019, 4(4):1-14 Journal homepage:www.mexjbiotechnol.com ISSN:2448-6590
{"title":"Biosynthesis of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) by Alternaria alternata MVSS-AH-5","authors":"Diana G. Alamilla-Martínez, N. Rojas-Avelizapa, I. Dominguez-Lopez, Héctor Pool, M. Gómez-Ramírez","doi":"10.29267/mxjb.2019.4.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2019.4.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of four extracellular filtrates (FE), obtained from A. alternata biomass grown in four different culture media; malt dextrose broth (MDB), potato dextrose broth (PDB), sucrose (S) and Czapek (C), were evaluated to biosynthesize iron nanoparticles (FeNPs), at the end of the assay a brown color was revealed in all the samples. To evidence biosynthesis of nanoparticles, absorption spectra were made from 200 to 600 nm for all the samples and, analyzed by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). The morphology and size of the synthesized FeNPs were studied using the SPIP 6.2.0 software. From the four extracellular filtrates assays, the nanoparticles biosynthesis was possible only in the EF-PDB and EF-C, showing their presence in the UV-vis spectrum when forming an absorption band at 226 and 225 respectively, and plateau around at 270 nm to EF-PDB, and 290 nm to EF-C. The synthesized nanoparticles presented spherical and polydisperse form, those synthesized with EF-PDB showed a size of 20-40 nm, while those synthesized with EF-C had a size of 10-80 nm. Six months after their production, the FeNPs biosynthesized by EF-C were analyzed by microscopy showing an Mexican Journal of Biotechnology 2019, 4(4):1-14 Journal homepage:www.mexjbiotechnol.com ISSN:2448-6590","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44603317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.3.57
Eyra Liliana Ortiz-Pérez, Virgilio Bocanegra-García, Alberto Mendoza-Herrera, María Antonia Cruz-Hernández
Diversos microorganismos han sido reportados por su eficacia en la biodegradación de contaminantes como plaguicidas gracias a sus características metabólicas. En este estudio, se aislaron e identificaron bacterias de suelos agrícolas las cuales mostraron ser capaces de tolerar pesticidas y utilizarlos como única fuente de carbono y energía. Se evaluaron cinco pesticidas más comúnmente utilizados (sales dimetilaminas, tri-isopropanolaminas y de glifosato, atrazina y carbofuran) a diferentes concentraciones utilizando dos medios de cultivo: TY (Triptona / Extracto de Levadura) y Bushnell Haas (FLUKA). Del medio TY se obtuvieron 13 aislados los cuales toleraron 0.05%, 1, 5 y 10% v/v de la concentración de los pesticidas en el medio de cultivo. Los aislados que toleraron 1% v/v de glifosato y sales dimetilaminas fueron identificados como Bacillus, Microbacterium y Bordetella, mientras que los que toleraron 5 y 10% v/v de sales tri-isopropanolaminas, atrazina y carbofuran en el medio de cultivo corresponden a los géneros Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Stenotrophomonas y Achromobacter. Por otro lado, al utilizar el medio Bushnell Haas se obtuvieron 9 aislamientos que toleraron concentraciones de 0.05% y 0.5% v/v para el glifosato, 2.5% v/v para sales dimetilaminas, 5% v/v para atrazina y carbofuran. Estos corresponden a los géneros Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Brevundimonas, Achromobacter y Enterobacter.
{"title":"Identificación de cepas bacterianas tolerantes a pesticidas aisladas de suelos agrícolas","authors":"Eyra Liliana Ortiz-Pérez, Virgilio Bocanegra-García, Alberto Mendoza-Herrera, María Antonia Cruz-Hernández","doi":"10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.3.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.3.57","url":null,"abstract":"Diversos microorganismos han sido reportados por su eficacia en la biodegradación de contaminantes como plaguicidas gracias a sus características metabólicas. En este estudio, se aislaron e identificaron bacterias de suelos agrícolas las cuales mostraron ser capaces de tolerar pesticidas y utilizarlos como única fuente de carbono y energía. Se evaluaron cinco pesticidas más comúnmente utilizados (sales dimetilaminas, tri-isopropanolaminas y de glifosato, atrazina y carbofuran) a diferentes concentraciones utilizando dos medios de cultivo: TY (Triptona / Extracto de Levadura) y Bushnell Haas (FLUKA). Del medio TY se obtuvieron 13 aislados los cuales toleraron 0.05%, 1, 5 y 10% v/v de la concentración de los pesticidas en el medio de cultivo. Los aislados que toleraron 1% v/v de glifosato y sales dimetilaminas fueron identificados como Bacillus, Microbacterium y Bordetella, mientras que los que toleraron 5 y 10% v/v de sales tri-isopropanolaminas, atrazina y carbofuran en el medio de cultivo corresponden a los géneros Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Stenotrophomonas y Achromobacter. Por otro lado, al utilizar el medio Bushnell Haas se obtuvieron 9 aislamientos que toleraron concentraciones de 0.05% y 0.5% v/v para el glifosato, 2.5% v/v para\u0000sales dimetilaminas, 5% v/v para atrazina y carbofuran. Estos corresponden a los géneros Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Brevundimonas, Achromobacter y Enterobacter.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42757811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.3.21
M. Gómez-Ramírez, L. Soto-Ruvalcaba, M. Nieto-Pérez, N. Rojas-Avelizapa
Microbiological food safety is a major issue and the genus Aspergillus is of great interest given the frequency of its toxin contamination in grains. This paper describes the use of cold plasma generated with argon and a mixture of argonnitrogen as a method of sanitizing lentil beans. Lentil beans were sanitized and exposed to Aspergillus flavus conidia then four different experimental sets were prepared, using only argon and a mixture of argon-nitrogen to generate plasma at nitrogen flow rates of 1.2, 0.81 and 0.32 L/min. Each lentil bean was exposed for 5, 10 and 15 min to plasma. Assays were performed in triplicate. Beans not exposed to plasma were used as controls. All plasma treatments caused a lethal effect on A. flavus conidia within exposure periods of 5 to 15 min. The application of argon plasma showed a log10 reduction of 0.81 (84%) after 15 min. The mixture of argon: nitrogen at 0.81 and 0.32 L/min had a higher lethal effect than argon alone. Although lentil beans sterilization was not completely achieved, an important log10 reduction of 1.43 (96.44 %) and 5.53 (99.99 %) of A. flavus conidia was obtained after 15 min of exposure to the plasma generated by argon-nitrogen mixture using nitrogen at flow rates of 0.81 and 0.32 L/min, respectively. Nitrogen flow rate of 0.32 L/min showed a reduction above 3.0 logarithmic units, so this treatment showed a fungicidal activity. The lowest reduction, 0.3 logarithmic units (50.3 %) was observed at a nitrogen flow rate of 1.2 L/min. Additionally, as a consequence of plasma exposure, conidia of A. flavus showed a delay in germination process and also conidia formation was affected. It was concluded that cold plasma could be used as an alternative to sanitize grains and avoid contamination by microorganisms, which cause grain deterioration and affect its nutritional properties.
{"title":"Cold plasma: an alternative to reduce the viability of Aspergillus flavus conidia in lentil beans","authors":"M. Gómez-Ramírez, L. Soto-Ruvalcaba, M. Nieto-Pérez, N. Rojas-Avelizapa","doi":"10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.3.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.3.21","url":null,"abstract":"Microbiological food safety is a major issue and the genus Aspergillus is of great interest given the frequency of its toxin contamination in grains. This paper describes the use of cold plasma generated with argon and a mixture of argonnitrogen as a method of sanitizing lentil beans. Lentil beans were sanitized and exposed to Aspergillus flavus conidia then four different experimental sets were prepared, using only argon and a mixture of argon-nitrogen to generate plasma at nitrogen flow rates of 1.2, 0.81 and 0.32 L/min. Each lentil bean was exposed for 5, 10 and 15 min to plasma. Assays were performed in triplicate. Beans not exposed to plasma were used as controls. All plasma treatments caused a lethal effect on A. flavus conidia within exposure periods of 5 to 15 min. The application of argon plasma showed a log10 reduction of 0.81 (84%) after 15 min. The mixture of argon: nitrogen at 0.81 and 0.32 L/min had a higher lethal effect than argon alone. Although lentil beans sterilization was not completely achieved, an important log10 reduction of 1.43 (96.44 %) and 5.53 (99.99 %) of A. flavus conidia was obtained after 15 min of exposure to the plasma generated by argon-nitrogen mixture using nitrogen at flow rates of 0.81 and 0.32 L/min, respectively. Nitrogen flow rate of 0.32 L/min showed a reduction above 3.0 logarithmic units, so this treatment showed a fungicidal activity. The lowest reduction, 0.3 logarithmic units (50.3 %) was observed at a nitrogen flow rate of 1.2 L/min. Additionally, as a consequence of plasma exposure, conidia of A. flavus showed a delay in germination process and also conidia formation was affected. It was concluded that cold plasma could be used as an alternative to sanitize grains and avoid contamination by microorganisms, which cause grain deterioration and affect its nutritional\u0000properties.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47495069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.2.33
Astrid Salinas-Flores, Alexandro Guevara-Aguilar, Ever Adrián Natividad-Torres, R. Baeza-Jiménez, José Juan Buenrostro-Figueroa
En el presente estudio se evaluaron dos métodos de extracción (maceración y ultrasonido) para la obtención de compuestos fenólicos presentes en cáscara de granada. Las variables que se evaluaron son: temperatura (30, 60 y 90oC), relación masa/volumen (m/v; 1:10, 1:25 y 1:50) y disolvente (agua, etanol:agua, 50:50 y etanol). La actividad antioxidante de dichos extractos se evaluó por los métodos ABTS, DPPH y lipoperoxidación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las mejores condiciones de extracción son: relación m/v de 1:50 (0.02 g/mL), agua como disolvente de extracción y una temperatura de 60°C para evitar degradación de los compuestos y pérdida de la capacidad de inhibir la lipoperoxidación. Bajo estas condiciones, se obtuvieron incrementos para fenoles totales, AA-DPPH y AA-ABTS de 10.41, 7.41 y 8.30 veces más altos con respecto al control, respectivamente. Los valores obtenidos para fenoles totales, AA-DPPH y AAABTS mediante maceración son ≈1.36 veces mayores a los obtenidos bajo extracción asistida por ultrasonido.
{"title":"Efecto de las condiciones de extracción sobre la capacidad antioxidante de compuestos fenólicos de cáscara de granada","authors":"Astrid Salinas-Flores, Alexandro Guevara-Aguilar, Ever Adrián Natividad-Torres, R. Baeza-Jiménez, José Juan Buenrostro-Figueroa","doi":"10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.2.33","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente estudio se evaluaron dos métodos de extracción (maceración y ultrasonido) para la obtención de compuestos fenólicos presentes en cáscara de granada. Las variables que se evaluaron son: temperatura (30, 60 y 90oC), relación masa/volumen (m/v; 1:10, 1:25 y 1:50) y disolvente (agua, etanol:agua, 50:50 y etanol). La actividad antioxidante de dichos extractos se evaluó por los métodos ABTS, DPPH y lipoperoxidación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las mejores condiciones de extracción son: relación m/v de 1:50 (0.02 g/mL), agua como disolvente de extracción y una temperatura de 60°C para evitar degradación de los compuestos y pérdida de la capacidad de inhibir la lipoperoxidación. Bajo estas condiciones, se obtuvieron incrementos para fenoles totales, AA-DPPH y AA-ABTS de 10.41, 7.41 y 8.30 veces más altos con respecto al control, respectivamente. Los valores obtenidos para fenoles totales, AA-DPPH y AAABTS mediante maceración son ≈1.36 veces mayores a los obtenidos bajo extracción asistida por ultrasonido.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46854864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.2.47
María Fernanda Méndez-Arango, Daniel López-Sosa, Oscar Núñez-Gaona, María de Jesús García-Gómez
El forraje de amaranto puede utilizarse para producir moléculas con aplicaciones biotecnológicas debido a su composición química; esto podría brindar un valor agregado a este residuo, además de reducir la contaminación ambiental. La capacidad de algunos géneros de hongos filamentosos para producir enzimas lignocelulolíticas para la despolimerización de la biomasa vegetal está bien documentada. En este trabajo, se determinó la composición proximal de la harina de forraje de amaranto (HFA) hecha de tallos y hojas; se utilizó como sustrato para evaluar el crecimiento radial de cepas de hongos aisladas de las hojas de café. Las cepas fueron caracterizadas molecularmente. Los valores de la composición proximal de la HAF fueron: 10.41, 0.87, 12.46, 7.26, 68.89 y 34.35% de proteína, extracto de éter, ceniza, humedad, carbohidratos totales y fibra cruda, respectivamente. El análisis filogenético mostró 2 géneros principales: Aspergillus (oryzae y flavus) y Penicillium. A. oryzae mostró el mayor crecimiento radial en agar papa dextrosa (control) y en agar HFA. El resto de las cepas mostraron el menor crecimiento en ambos medios. Estos resultados sugieren que A. oryzae, aislada de las hojas de café, podría ser útil para la producción de enzimas lignocelulolíticas y que se podría usar HFA como sustrato para el crecimiento microbiano.
{"title":"Evaluación del crecimiento radial sobre forraje de amaranto de hongos filamentosos aislados de hojas de café","authors":"María Fernanda Méndez-Arango, Daniel López-Sosa, Oscar Núñez-Gaona, María de Jesús García-Gómez","doi":"10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.2.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.2.47","url":null,"abstract":"El forraje de amaranto puede utilizarse para producir moléculas con aplicaciones biotecnológicas debido a su composición química; esto podría brindar un valor agregado a este residuo, además de reducir la contaminación ambiental. La capacidad de algunos géneros de hongos filamentosos para producir enzimas lignocelulolíticas para la despolimerización de la biomasa vegetal está bien documentada. En este trabajo, se determinó la composición proximal de la harina de forraje de amaranto (HFA) hecha de tallos y hojas; se utilizó como sustrato para evaluar el crecimiento radial de cepas de hongos aisladas de las hojas de café. Las cepas fueron caracterizadas molecularmente. Los valores de la composición proximal de la HAF fueron: 10.41, 0.87, 12.46, 7.26, 68.89 y 34.35% de proteína, extracto de éter, ceniza, humedad, carbohidratos totales y fibra cruda, respectivamente. El análisis filogenético mostró 2 géneros principales: Aspergillus (oryzae y flavus) y Penicillium. A. oryzae mostró el mayor crecimiento radial en agar papa dextrosa (control) y en agar HFA. El resto de las cepas mostraron el menor crecimiento en ambos medios. Estos resultados sugieren que A. oryzae, aislada de las hojas de café, podría ser útil para la producción de enzimas lignocelulolíticas y que se podría usar HFA como sustrato para el crecimiento microbiano.","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42700458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.2.23
O. A. Cabrero-Martínez, W. Cruz-Pulido, M. Sánchez-Pérez, Kristal Lira-Porras, Itzel Guadalupe Heredia-Mireles, Virgilio Bocanegra-García
Los patógenos en aire pueden afectar la salud humana, no solo por infecciones, sino causando respuestas alérgicas o efectos tóxicos. Estos microorganismos pueden encontrar un ambiente ideal de desarrollo en unidades de aire acondicionado y aunque existen innovaciones para un flujo de aire más limpio y saludable, usuarios en países en desarrollo tienen modelos anteriores o carecen de una rutina de limpieza adecuada de filtros empleados, representando un peligro para poblaciones vulnerables que pasan mucho tiempo en ambientes climatizados. Por esto, nuestro objetivo fue detectar mediante métodos microbiológicos y moleculares la presencia de patógenos en muestras de Tamaulipas, México. Nuestros hallazgos muestran una carga bacteriana media superando las 2,300,000 UFC (unidades formadoras de colonia) /g, β-hemólisis en más del 20% de los cultivos en agar sangre, crecimiento en medios selectivos para Staphylococcus sp. y Enterobacteriaceae en más del 50% de las muestras, esta última confirmada por ensayos moleculares, los cuales también mostraron una baja prevalencia de genes relacionados con resistencia a antibióticos. Estos resultados nos indican que el polvo acumulado en las rejillas de aires acondicionados puede efectivamente ser reservorio de bacterias con capacidad patogénica
{"title":"Determinación de carga bacteriana y detección de bacterias con potencial patogénico a partir de muestras de filtros de aire acondicionado recolectadas en ambientes domésticos del noreste de México.","authors":"O. A. Cabrero-Martínez, W. Cruz-Pulido, M. Sánchez-Pérez, Kristal Lira-Porras, Itzel Guadalupe Heredia-Mireles, Virgilio Bocanegra-García","doi":"10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29267/MXJB.2019.4.2.23","url":null,"abstract":"Los patógenos en aire pueden afectar la salud humana, no solo por infecciones, sino causando respuestas alérgicas o efectos tóxicos. Estos microorganismos pueden encontrar un ambiente ideal de desarrollo en unidades de aire acondicionado y aunque existen innovaciones para un flujo de aire más limpio y saludable, usuarios en países en desarrollo tienen modelos anteriores o carecen de una rutina de limpieza adecuada de filtros empleados, representando un peligro para poblaciones vulnerables que pasan mucho tiempo en ambientes climatizados. Por esto, nuestro objetivo fue detectar mediante métodos microbiológicos y moleculares la presencia de patógenos en muestras de Tamaulipas, México. Nuestros hallazgos muestran una carga bacteriana media superando las 2,300,000 UFC (unidades formadoras de colonia) /g, β-hemólisis en más del 20% de los cultivos en agar sangre, crecimiento en medios selectivos para Staphylococcus sp. y Enterobacteriaceae en más del 50% de las muestras, esta última confirmada por ensayos moleculares, los cuales también mostraron una baja prevalencia de genes relacionados con resistencia a antibióticos. Estos resultados nos indican que el polvo acumulado en las rejillas de aires acondicionados puede efectivamente ser reservorio de bacterias con capacidad patogénica","PeriodicalId":36479,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Journal of Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43777903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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