Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3309471
Vahid Jamali;Falko Dressler;Yifan Chen;Maximilian Schäfer;Robert Schober
Molecular Communication (MC) is a highly interdisciplinary research field whose success requires the close collaboration between researchers from different fields of science. To support and highlight this interdisciplinary character, the Workshop on Molecular Communications (MolCom; https://molecularcommunications.org/ ) has been held annually since 2016 to provide the opportunity to meet, and share work and experience. The Workshop tries to promote research beyond the conventional disciplinary boundaries between engineering, the physical sciences, natural sciences, and medicine.
{"title":"Guest Editorial Introduction to the Special Feature on the 7th Workshop on Molecular Communications","authors":"Vahid Jamali;Falko Dressler;Yifan Chen;Maximilian Schäfer;Robert Schober","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3309471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3309471","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular Communication (MC) is a highly interdisciplinary research field whose success requires the close collaboration between researchers from different fields of science. To support and highlight this interdisciplinary character, the Workshop on Molecular Communications (MolCom; \u0000<uri>https://molecularcommunications.org/</uri>\u0000) has been held annually since 2016 to provide the opportunity to meet, and share work and experience. The Workshop tries to promote research beyond the conventional disciplinary boundaries between engineering, the physical sciences, natural sciences, and medicine.","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 3","pages":"308-311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/6687308/10255331/10255356.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67982987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3292630
{"title":"IEEE Communications Society Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3292630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3292630","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 3","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/6687308/10255331/10255341.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67981860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3309488
Murat Kuscu;Pasquale Stano;Malcolm Egan;Michael T. Barros;Bige Deniz Unluturk;Gregory F. Payne
The Transfer of ‘information’ via molecules is a theme that resonates across the realm of nature, underlying collective behavior, homeostasis, and many disorders and diseases, and potentially holding the answers to some of the life’s most profound questions. The prospects of understanding and manipulating this natural modality of communication have attracted a significant research interest from information and communication theorists (ICT) over the past two decades. The aim is to provide novel means of understanding and engineering biological systems. These efforts have produced substantial body of literature that sets the groundwork for bio-inspired, artificial Molecular Communication (MC) systems. This ICT-based perspective has also contributed to the understanding of natural MC, with many of the results from these endeavors being published in this journal.
{"title":"Guest Editorial Special Feature on Bio-Chem-ICTs: Synergies Between Bio/Nanotechnologies and Molecular Communications","authors":"Murat Kuscu;Pasquale Stano;Malcolm Egan;Michael T. Barros;Bige Deniz Unluturk;Gregory F. Payne","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3309488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3309488","url":null,"abstract":"The Transfer of ‘information’ via molecules is a theme that resonates across the realm of nature, underlying collective behavior, homeostasis, and many disorders and diseases, and potentially holding the answers to some of the life’s most profound questions. The prospects of understanding and manipulating this natural modality of communication have attracted a significant research interest from information and communication theorists (ICT) over the past two decades. The aim is to provide novel means of understanding and engineering biological systems. These efforts have produced substantial body of literature that sets the groundwork for bio-inspired, artificial Molecular Communication (MC) systems. This ICT-based perspective has also contributed to the understanding of natural MC, with many of the results from these endeavors being published in this journal.","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 3","pages":"351-353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/6687308/10255331/10255347.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67982992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Data transmission that is reliable and relies on low-complexity transceiver techniques is of practical importance for ultrasonic intra-body communications (IBCs). Considering the trade-off between reliability and computational complexity, this paper proposes an ultrasonic dynamic power splitting (UDPS) scheme. UDPS consists of statistic power splitting (SPS) and time switching (TS), where SPS splits the received signal to coherent detection (CD) and energy detection (ED) with an adjustable power splitting ratio, and TS switches between CD and ED with an adjustable power coefficient. Therefore, the proposed UDPS can exploit the reliability of CD and meanwhile benefit from the low complexity of ED. We also derive the theoretical bit-error rate (BER) of UDPS. Both theoretical and simulated results demonstrate that due to the linear noise in CD and non-linear noise in ED, the optimal power splitting ratio of SPS is 1 and the optimal power coefficient of TS is within (0, 1). More importantly, UDPS can achieve much lower complexity than CD at the cost of a slight BER loss for IBCs.
可靠且依赖低复杂度收发器技术的数据传输对超声波体内通信（IBC）具有重要的实际意义。考虑到可靠性和计算复杂性之间的权衡，本文提出了一种超声波动态功率分配（UDPS）方案。UDPS 包括统计功率分割（SPS）和时间切换（TS），其中 SPS 以可调节的功率分割比将接收到的信号分割为相干检测（CD）和能量检测（ED），TS 以可调节的功率系数在 CD 和 ED 之间切换。因此，拟议的 UDPS 可以利用 CD 的可靠性，同时受益于 ED 的低复杂性。我们还得出了 UDPS 的理论误码率 (BER)。理论和仿真结果表明，由于 CD 中的线性噪声和 ED 中的非线性噪声，SPS 的最佳功率分配比为 1，TS 的最佳功率系数在（0，1）范围内。更重要的是，UDPS 可以实现比 CD 更低的复杂度，但代价是 IBC 的误码率会略有下降。
{"title":"An Ultrasonic Power Splitting Receiver With Improved Complexity-Reliability Trade-Off for Intra-Body Communications","authors":"Yuankun Tang;Qianqian Wang;Miaowen Wen;Quansheng Guan;Fei Ji;Julian Cheng","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3315517","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3315517","url":null,"abstract":"Data transmission that is reliable and relies on low-complexity transceiver techniques is of practical importance for ultrasonic intra-body communications (IBCs). Considering the trade-off between reliability and computational complexity, this paper proposes an ultrasonic dynamic power splitting (UDPS) scheme. UDPS consists of statistic power splitting (SPS) and time switching (TS), where SPS splits the received signal to coherent detection (CD) and energy detection (ED) with an adjustable power splitting ratio, and TS switches between CD and ED with an adjustable power coefficient. Therefore, the proposed UDPS can exploit the reliability of CD and meanwhile benefit from the low complexity of ED. We also derive the theoretical bit-error rate (BER) of UDPS. Both theoretical and simulated results demonstrate that due to the linear noise in CD and non-linear noise in ED, the optimal power splitting ratio of SPS is 1 and the optimal power coefficient of TS is within (0, 1). More importantly, UDPS can achieve much lower complexity than CD at the cost of a slight BER loss for IBCs.","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 4","pages":"483-488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135441898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In molecular communication (MC), information is conveyed between nano-scale transmitters and receivers using molecules. The environment sensing is a significant component of any MC system. The design of biological sensors thus is an important aspect for implementing MC systems. This paper presents a novel $textit {Si}_{{3}}{N}_{{4}}$ - $textit {SiO}_{{2}}$ silicon photonics (SiPh) nano-biosensor for detection of cancer cells. This design utilizes a micro-ring resonator (MRR) structure and takes advantage of the distinct optical characteristics of various cancer cells and MC by leveraging the interaction between cancer cells and CD47 proteins. The proposed sensor design can be used in artificial nano-machines deployed in a MC system for the applications like cancer cell detection and targeted drug delivery.
{"title":"Si3N4-SiO2-Based Silicon Photonics Nano-Biosensor for Molecular Communication","authors":"Shelma Cheeran Sajan;Anamika Singh;Prabhat Kumar Sharma;Santosh Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3308695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3308695","url":null,"abstract":"In molecular communication (MC), information is conveyed between nano-scale transmitters and receivers using molecules. The environment sensing is a significant component of any MC system. The design of biological sensors thus is an important aspect for implementing MC systems. This paper presents a novel \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$textit {Si}_{{3}}{N}_{{4}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$textit {SiO}_{{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 silicon photonics (SiPh) nano-biosensor for detection of cancer cells. This design utilizes a micro-ring resonator (MRR) structure and takes advantage of the distinct optical characteristics of various cancer cells and MC by leveraging the interaction between cancer cells and CD47 proteins. The proposed sensor design can be used in artificial nano-machines deployed in a MC system for the applications like cancer cell detection and targeted drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 3","pages":"340-345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67982993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3308689
Enes Sefa Ayar;Sina Dadmand;Nurcan Tuncbag
The intricate nature of biological processes is orchestrated by molecular interactions. The complexity of these interactions stems from the sheer number of components involved and their relationships. To overcome this complexity, network medicine adopts a holistic, integrative approach at multiple levels. The human interactome involves over 100,000 molecules, including proteins, RNAs, and metabolites, all interconnected by a network of connections. One challenge in understanding the human interactome is associating specific parts of this network with biological phenomena such as diseases, drug resistance, and other abnormalities. Although molecular measurements can quantitatively identify many altered molecules, making sense of these molecular changes within the broader network context is a formidable task. Notably, alterations in the human interactome often occur in closely connected regions of the network. By using prior biological knowledge and applying the context-specific molecular interplays, specific sub-networks can be extracted. These network modules can provide valuable insights into complex biological questions. Furthermore, a range of learning and graph-based methodologies are employed to deduce meaningful clinical outcomes in these modules. In this context, we present a comprehensive overview of the standard workflows utilized in network medicine, along with a discussion of its applications and future directions.
{"title":"Network Medicine: From Conceptual Frameworks to Applications and Future Trends","authors":"Enes Sefa Ayar;Sina Dadmand;Nurcan Tuncbag","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3308689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3308689","url":null,"abstract":"The intricate nature of biological processes is orchestrated by molecular interactions. The complexity of these interactions stems from the sheer number of components involved and their relationships. To overcome this complexity, network medicine adopts a holistic, integrative approach at multiple levels. The human interactome involves over 100,000 molecules, including proteins, RNAs, and metabolites, all interconnected by a network of connections. One challenge in understanding the human interactome is associating specific parts of this network with biological phenomena such as diseases, drug resistance, and other abnormalities. Although molecular measurements can quantitatively identify many altered molecules, making sense of these molecular changes within the broader network context is a formidable task. Notably, alterations in the human interactome often occur in closely connected regions of the network. By using prior biological knowledge and applying the context-specific molecular interplays, specific sub-networks can be extracted. These network modules can provide valuable insights into complex biological questions. Furthermore, a range of learning and graph-based methodologies are employed to deduce meaningful clinical outcomes in these modules. In this context, we present a comprehensive overview of the standard workflows utilized in network medicine, along with a discussion of its applications and future directions.","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 3","pages":"374-381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67981861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3305390
Umut Eren Usturalı;Bayram Cevdet Akdeniz;Tuna Tuğcu;Ali Emre Pusane
Molecular communication is expected to be instrumental in the advancement of nanotechnology. Implementation of robust molecular communication channels that work in conjunction with other nanodevices necessitates the development of synchronization techniques for such systems. Although a number of works exist in this area, most of the proposed solutions are infeasible given the computational limitations of the components. In this paper, we propose two related methods within the framework of molecular communication via diffusion (MCvD) paradigm. These methods require only the most basic computational resources. We assess their performance analytically and computationally, indicate the error margins for each one, and discuss when one is more useful than the other.
{"title":"Low-Complexity Timing Methods for Molecular Communication via Diffusion","authors":"Umut Eren Usturalı;Bayram Cevdet Akdeniz;Tuna Tuğcu;Ali Emre Pusane","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3305390","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3305390","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular communication is expected to be instrumental in the advancement of nanotechnology. Implementation of robust molecular communication channels that work in conjunction with other nanodevices necessitates the development of synchronization techniques for such systems. Although a number of works exist in this area, most of the proposed solutions are infeasible given the computational limitations of the components. In this paper, we propose two related methods within the framework of molecular communication via diffusion (MCvD) paradigm. These methods require only the most basic computational resources. We assess their performance analytically and computationally, indicate the error margins for each one, and discuss when one is more useful than the other.","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 4","pages":"478-482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79312616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3304240
Fariborz Mirlou;Levent Beker
Wearable devices and biosensors have gained significant attention due to their high potential to continuously monitor the biomarkers in human body biofluids through non-invasive and minimally invasive methods and give feedback to the users in real-time. Numerous developments have been made in the electrochemical devices field for the non-invasive measurements of the desired biomarkers, including detecting different electrolytes, metabolites, and hormones. Integrating multiplexed human health monitoring, using biosensors, and transmitting the acquired data using wireless systems has been achieved and miniaturized. These systems have been combined with flexible materials to enhance their conformability and easy use. Such precise monitoring of the target biomarker and physiological data through wearable devices would significantly improve life quality by providing critical health-related information in real time. On the other hand, there needs to be an in-depth understanding of analyte concentrations in blood and their correlation to other biofluids, which will help improve the biosensors’ reliability. Thus, conducting large-scale in-vivo studies on different subjects using wearable biosensors and clinical equipment is an essential validation factor for the biosensors. Here, we focus on wearable electrochemical devices that can non-invasively measure and track the human body’s vital health information and transmit it to the users’ mobile devices.
{"title":"Wearable Electrochemical Sensors for Healthcare Monitoring: A Review of Current Developments and Future Prospects","authors":"Fariborz Mirlou;Levent Beker","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3304240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3304240","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable devices and biosensors have gained significant attention due to their high potential to continuously monitor the biomarkers in human body biofluids through non-invasive and minimally invasive methods and give feedback to the users in real-time. Numerous developments have been made in the electrochemical devices field for the non-invasive measurements of the desired biomarkers, including detecting different electrolytes, metabolites, and hormones. Integrating multiplexed human health monitoring, using biosensors, and transmitting the acquired data using wireless systems has been achieved and miniaturized. These systems have been combined with flexible materials to enhance their conformability and easy use. Such precise monitoring of the target biomarker and physiological data through wearable devices would significantly improve life quality by providing critical health-related information in real time. On the other hand, there needs to be an in-depth understanding of analyte concentrations in blood and their correlation to other biofluids, which will help improve the biosensors’ reliability. Thus, conducting large-scale in-vivo studies on different subjects using wearable biosensors and clinical equipment is an essential validation factor for the biosensors. Here, we focus on wearable electrochemical devices that can non-invasively measure and track the human body’s vital health information and transmit it to the users’ mobile devices.","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 3","pages":"364-373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67981862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3304243
Akinori Kuzuya;Shin-Ichiro M. Nomura;Taro Toyota;Takashi Nakakuki;Satoshi Murata
“Molecular Cybernetics” is an emerging research field aiming the development of “Chemical AI”, artificial intelligence with memory and learning capabilities based on molecular communication. It is originated from “Molecular Robotics,” which studies molecular systems that comprise of the three basic elements of robots; Sensing, Planning, and Acting. Development of an Amoeba-type molecular robot (unicellular artificial cell,) motivated the construction of multicellular artificial cell systems mimicking nerve systems. The major challenges in molecular cybernetics are molecular communication over two lipid-bilayer compartments, amplification of molecular information in a compartment, and large deformation of the compartment triggered by molecular signal, etc. Recently reported molecular devices and systems that contributes to the realization of Chemical AI are overviewed.
{"title":"From Molecular Robotics to Molecular Cybernetics: The First Step Toward Chemical Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Akinori Kuzuya;Shin-Ichiro M. Nomura;Taro Toyota;Takashi Nakakuki;Satoshi Murata","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3304243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3304243","url":null,"abstract":"“Molecular Cybernetics” is an emerging research field aiming the development of “Chemical AI”, artificial intelligence with memory and learning capabilities based on molecular communication. It is originated from “Molecular Robotics,” which studies molecular systems that comprise of the three basic elements of robots; Sensing, Planning, and Acting. Development of an Amoeba-type molecular robot (unicellular artificial cell,) motivated the construction of multicellular artificial cell systems mimicking nerve systems. The major challenges in molecular cybernetics are molecular communication over two lipid-bilayer compartments, amplification of molecular information in a compartment, and large deformation of the compartment triggered by molecular signal, etc. Recently reported molecular devices and systems that contributes to the realization of Chemical AI are overviewed.","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 3","pages":"354-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/6687308/10255331/10214301.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67982995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3303363
Fabio Broghammer;Siwei Zhang;Thomas Wiedemann;Peter A. Hoeher
Estimating the distance between the source of a diffusive process and a receiver has a variety of applications, ranging from gas source localization at the macro-scale to molecular communication at the micro-scale. Distance information can be extracted from features of the observed particle concentration, e.g., its peak. This paper derives the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRB) for distance estimation given the advection-diffusion model for absorbing receivers, which is the fundamental limit of any distance estimator. Furthermore, CRBs are obtained for estimators using only information about the observed peak. A maximum-likelihood estimator using the entire signal and two estimators based on peak detection are deduced. The derived CRBs are used to study the effect of channel parameters on the estimation performance. Finally, the performance of the proposed estimators is verified by comparing the root mean squared errors with their theoretical bounds in a simulation, and preliminary experimental results are presented.
{"title":"Distance Estimation From a Diffusive Process: Theoretical Limits and Experimental Results","authors":"Fabio Broghammer;Siwei Zhang;Thomas Wiedemann;Peter A. Hoeher","doi":"10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3303363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMBMC.2023.3303363","url":null,"abstract":"Estimating the distance between the source of a diffusive process and a receiver has a variety of applications, ranging from gas source localization at the macro-scale to molecular communication at the micro-scale. Distance information can be extracted from features of the observed particle concentration, e.g., its peak. This paper derives the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRB) for distance estimation given the advection-diffusion model for absorbing receivers, which is the fundamental limit of any distance estimator. Furthermore, CRBs are obtained for estimators using only information about the observed peak. A maximum-likelihood estimator using the entire signal and two estimators based on peak detection are deduced. The derived CRBs are used to study the effect of channel parameters on the estimation performance. Finally, the performance of the proposed estimators is verified by comparing the root mean squared errors with their theoretical bounds in a simulation, and preliminary experimental results are presented.","PeriodicalId":36530,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications","volume":"9 3","pages":"312-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/6687308/10255331/10210712.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67982986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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