Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1615
Marcos Nalli
Considering Michel Foucault’s two main courses on the general theme of biopolitics, namely, Il faut défendre la société (1997; 1999), a course for the academic year of 1976, and La naissance de la biopolitique (2004; 2008), taught by his turn in 1978/1979, I intend to consider that we are experiencing a new form of racism, this time no longer a state type, as already considered by Foucault, but a type of racism provoked and economically fomented, therefore, a market racism. Racism whose traces must be sought not exactly in economic theories, but among the historical agents par excellence of the market, that is, entrepreneurs in the exercise of their businesses. For this, I will focus, for the moment, on presenting market racism from the perspective of German business during the Third Reich, in Germany.
考虑到米歇尔·福柯关于生命政治这一主题的两门主要课程，即:Il fault dsamfendre la societs2013.1997;1999年)，1976学年的课程，《生物政治的复兴》(2004年;2008年)，我打算认为我们正在经历一种新的种族主义形式，这一次不再是一种国家类型，正如福柯已经考虑过的那样，而是一种被挑起和经济煽动的种族主义，因此，一种市场种族主义。种族主义的踪迹不应该精确地在经济理论中寻找，而应该在历史上最杰出的市场行动者中寻找，也就是说，在经营企业的企业家中寻找。为此，我将集中精力，从第三帝国时期德国商业的角度来展示市场种族主义。
{"title":"Inospitalidade e Estranhamento do Outro: A Discriminação do Mercado","authors":"Marcos Nalli","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1615","url":null,"abstract":"Considering Michel Foucault’s two main courses on the general theme of biopolitics, namely, Il faut défendre la société (1997; 1999), a course for the academic year of 1976, and La naissance de la biopolitique (2004; 2008), taught by his turn in 1978/1979, I intend to consider that we are experiencing a new form of racism, this time no longer a state type, as already considered by Foucault, but a type of racism provoked and economically fomented, therefore, a market racism. Racism whose traces must be sought not exactly in economic theories, but among the historical agents par excellence of the market, that is, entrepreneurs in the exercise of their businesses. For this, I will focus, for the moment, on presenting market racism from the perspective of German business during the Third Reich, in Germany.","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48214160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1669
Samuel Dimas
Since antiquity, there have been different philosophical and scientific theories about erotic desire and sexual experience. In this work, we will identify the metaphysics of sexuality in the Judeo-Christian perspective of creation and in the irrationalist perspective of Schopenhauer’s atheistic pessimism. Christian theology sacralizes heterosexuality, rejecting the Gnostic antagonism between matter and spirit. In dialogue with contemporary feminist movements, we will try to present the different rational models that justify sexual differentiation and gender identity. We will develop an empathetic and non-homophobic dialogue with constructivist and existentialist theories that separate gender difference from the deterministic biologism of sexual difference. We will seek to verify the contribution of Christian personalist models to a spirituality of gender identity that reconciles culturalist theses and essentialist theses in the intelligibility of gender identity.
{"title":"Para uma Espiritualidade Cristã Personalista da «Identidade de Género»: Conciliação dos Modelos Essencialista e Existencialista","authors":"Samuel Dimas","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1669","url":null,"abstract":"Since antiquity, there have been different philosophical and scientific theories about erotic desire and sexual experience. In this work, we will identify the metaphysics of sexuality in the Judeo-Christian perspective of creation and in the irrationalist perspective of Schopenhauer’s atheistic pessimism. Christian theology sacralizes heterosexuality, rejecting the Gnostic antagonism between matter and spirit. In dialogue with contemporary feminist movements, we will try to present the different rational models that justify sexual differentiation and gender identity. We will develop an empathetic and non-homophobic dialogue with constructivist and existentialist theories that separate gender difference from the deterministic biologism of sexual difference. We will seek to verify the contribution of Christian personalist models to a spirituality of gender identity that reconciles culturalist theses and essentialist theses in the intelligibility of gender identity.","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47239782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1233
Sónia da Silva Monteiro
In the last two decades, we have seen an increasing display of gestures and language of forgiveness in the public realm. Forgiveness has become a secular phenomenon. What do we mean by forgiveness? What is the role of forgiveness in the public place? Does it have the capacity to enhance the political life and well-being of a community? In The Human Condition, first published in 1958, Hannah Arendt offers an unapparelled reading of political forgiveness, described as a quintessential human faculty for the revitalization of the public and political realm. This paper seeks to investigate the implications of Arendt’s understanding of action and forgiveness for the life of the polis, in particular the promotion of a more hospitable public space. Situated within human capacity to act and to love the other in their uniqueness and despite their trespasses and failures, forgiveness contributes, as this paper seeks to demonstrate, to the enhancement of the political sphere by opening this space to “new beginnings.”
在过去的二十年里，我们看到在公共领域中，宽恕的手势和语言越来越多。宽恕已经成为一种世俗现象。我们所说的宽恕是什么意思？宽恕在公共场合的作用是什么？它是否有能力改善一个社区的政治生活和福祉？汉娜·阿伦特（Hannah Arendt）在1958年首次出版的《人类状况》（The Human Condition）一书中，对政治宽恕进行了解读，称其为振兴公共和政治领域的典型人类力量。本文试图探讨阿伦特对行动的理解和对城邦生活的宽恕，特别是对促进更好客的公共空间的理解。正如本文试图证明的那样，宽恕是在人类行动和爱他人的能力范围内的，尽管他们有过错和失败，但宽恕通过为“新的开始”打开这个空间，有助于加强政治领域
{"title":"Hospitality in the Public Realm: An Arendtian Account of the Role of Action and Forgiveness","authors":"Sónia da Silva Monteiro","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1233","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades, we have seen an increasing display of gestures and language of forgiveness in the public realm. Forgiveness has become a secular phenomenon. What do we mean by forgiveness? What is the role of forgiveness in the public place? Does it have the capacity to enhance the political life and well-being of a community? In The Human Condition, first published in 1958, Hannah Arendt offers an unapparelled reading of political forgiveness, described as a quintessential human faculty for the revitalization of the public and political realm. This paper seeks to investigate the implications of Arendt’s understanding of action and forgiveness for the life of the polis, in particular the promotion of a more hospitable public space. Situated within human capacity to act and to love the other in their uniqueness and despite their trespasses and failures, forgiveness contributes, as this paper seeks to demonstrate, to the enhancement of the political sphere by opening this space to “new beginnings.”","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44073416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1367
Manuel Porcel Moreno
According to Derridean thought, unconditioned hospitality would be the only one in the name of which any hospitality can be offered. On the other hand, conditioned hospitality would be the only real practice of it. This article, based on a contrastive hermeneutic between Derridean and Levinasian thought on the question of hospitality and reception, aims to show how the constant and irresolvable dialectical tension between unconditioned hospitality and conditioned hospitality, as presented by Derrida from the “logic of symmetrical opposites”, it can receive a new reading from the “phenomenological logic of the symbol”. Our proposal, centered on this symbolic perspective, affirms that the absoluteness or unconditionality of the ethical dimension of hospitality can be present in every concrete act of this, which continuously refers to the beyond of the given conditions.
{"title":"La hospitalidad como debate filosófico en Derrida y Levinas: ¿un fenómeno im-posible?","authors":"Manuel Porcel Moreno","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1367","url":null,"abstract":"According to Derridean thought, unconditioned hospitality would be the only one in the name of which any hospitality can be offered. On the other hand, conditioned hospitality would be the only real practice of it. This article, based on a contrastive hermeneutic between Derridean and Levinasian thought on the question of hospitality and reception, aims to show how the constant and irresolvable dialectical tension between unconditioned hospitality and conditioned hospitality, as presented by Derrida from the “logic of symmetrical opposites”, it can receive a new reading from the “phenomenological logic of the symbol”. Our proposal, centered on this symbolic perspective, affirms that the absoluteness or unconditionality of the ethical dimension of hospitality can be present in every concrete act of this, which continuously refers to the beyond of the given conditions.","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43069871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1799
João Alberto Pinto
{"title":"Book Review - Travis, Charles. Frege: The Pure Business of Being True. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.","authors":"João Alberto Pinto","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1799","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41722649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1319
Antonio Di Chiro
The path articulated in this paper has as its background and horizon the question of hospitality. In order to propose a re-thinking of this concept and the practices related to it, in this paper an attempt will be made to analyze the phenomenology of hostility starting from the analysis of the concepts of the stranger and the foreigner, and then focusing on the concept of community in order to outline the assumptions of a philosophy of hospitality. The thesis of this work is that identity can only be defined in relation to otherness and that the latter does not come from an external dimension but from an internal dimension. In this sense, the stranger who must be welcomed is the one who is always on the verge of arriving and who in his coming always crosses the threshold, the limit that establishes the division between the inside and the outside, between the proper and the foreign.
{"title":"«L’estraneo sulla soglia». Per una filosofia dell’ospitalità","authors":"Antonio Di Chiro","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1319","url":null,"abstract":"The path articulated in this paper has as its background and horizon the question of hospitality. In order to propose a re-thinking of this concept and the practices related to it, in this paper an attempt will be made to analyze the phenomenology of hostility starting from the analysis of the concepts of the stranger and the foreigner, and then focusing on the concept of community in order to outline the assumptions of a philosophy of hospitality. The thesis of this work is that identity can only be defined in relation to otherness and that the latter does not come from an external dimension but from an internal dimension. In this sense, the stranger who must be welcomed is the one who is always on the verge of arriving and who in his coming always crosses the threshold, the limit that establishes the division between the inside and the outside, between the proper and the foreign.","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47766836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1219
A. Lind, Gianfranco Ferraro
In this article, we will show how Derrida’s deconstruction of modern individualism, exemplified by Robinson Crusoe’s attitude toward nature, addresses the contemporary debate on the Anthropocene. Through Hadot’s genealogy of modern “prometheanism,” we will discuss how a different gaze by human beings on themselves and nature can lead us out of the modern self-conception of the human person, that is resulting in the Anthropocene era, its catastrophic results endangering the very survival of humankind. Through Morton’s conception of hospitality and Haraway’s notion of Chthulucene, we argue that a new individual and collective conversion to nature may result in an era in which human beings can conceive of themselves as ethical parts of nature. Hence, a new view on the reciprocal interdependence between human beings and nature can be affirmed, creating a feeling of hospitality without hostility. We conclude by considering Agamben’s recovery of Franciscanism, as a form-of-life, preceding modernity, in which this ethical, natural civilization was firstly foreseen.
{"title":"The Hospitality between Humanity and Nature: from Ecology to a Sympoiethic Form-of-life","authors":"A. Lind, Gianfranco Ferraro","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_4_1219","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we will show how Derrida’s deconstruction of modern individualism, exemplified by Robinson Crusoe’s attitude toward nature, addresses the contemporary debate on the Anthropocene. Through Hadot’s genealogy of modern “prometheanism,” we will discuss how a different gaze by human beings on themselves and nature can lead us out of the modern self-conception of the human person, that is resulting in the Anthropocene era, its catastrophic results endangering the very survival of humankind. Through Morton’s conception of hospitality and Haraway’s notion of Chthulucene, we argue that a new individual and collective conversion to nature may result in an era in which human beings can conceive of themselves as ethical parts of nature. Hence, a new view on the reciprocal interdependence between human beings and nature can be affirmed, creating a feeling of hospitality without hostility. We conclude by considering Agamben’s recovery of Franciscanism, as a form-of-life, preceding modernity, in which this ethical, natural civilization was firstly foreseen.","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45603785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-12DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_3_1063
Francisca Soares Rutligliano
This Essay is an ontological contemplation of the phenomenon of not-being-at-home, which has characterized the most immediate way in which Dasein unfolds in its daily life of its being-in-the-world. This contemplation is originally based on the Hölderlin´s and Georg Trakl´s Poetics, insofar as we conceive them as the most essentials discourses of the phenomenon in question here, and it takes the direction of its foundation from the categorical-existential determinations of the facticity of life, which Heidegger elaborates in his Essay Phenomenological Interpretations of Aristotle – Introduction to Phenomenological Research, which has the character of a propaedeutic for the Phenomenological Investigation of Aristotle’s Philosophy. The question here will be the determining the Principles of facticity of existence and its modes of consummation. With this approach, we intend to present the ontological-existential foundations of the affirmations of both Poets in their contemplation of the historical-spiritual course of our Dasein, Hölderlin´s affirmation : In the beginning the spirit is not at home, and the affirmation of Trakl: “The soul is a stranger upon the Earth”.
{"title":"Uma análise ontológica do fenômeno do “não estar em casa” em Heidegger","authors":"Francisca Soares Rutligliano","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_3_1063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_3_1063","url":null,"abstract":"This Essay is an ontological contemplation of the phenomenon of not-being-at-home, which has characterized the most immediate way in which Dasein unfolds in its daily life of its being-in-the-world. This contemplation is originally based on the Hölderlin´s and Georg Trakl´s Poetics, insofar as we conceive them as the most essentials discourses of the phenomenon in question here, and it takes the direction of its foundation from the categorical-existential determinations of the facticity of life, which Heidegger elaborates in his Essay Phenomenological Interpretations of Aristotle – Introduction to Phenomenological Research, which has the character of a propaedeutic for the Phenomenological Investigation of Aristotle’s Philosophy. The question here will be the determining the Principles of facticity of existence and its modes of consummation. With this approach, we intend to present the ontological-existential foundations of the affirmations of both Poets in their contemplation of the historical-spiritual course of our Dasein, Hölderlin´s affirmation : In the beginning the spirit is not at home, and the affirmation of Trakl: “The soul is a stranger upon the Earth”.","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45318238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-12DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_3_0641
Etelvina Pires Lopes Nunes, A. Lind, Pinto
{"title":"Forgotten Disciples of Husserl","authors":"Etelvina Pires Lopes Nunes, A. Lind, Pinto","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_3_0641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_3_0641","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47989169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-12DOI: 10.17990/rpf/2022_78_3_1157
Wagner Teles de Oliveira
{"title":"Book Review - Salles, João Carlos. Análise e Gramática: mais estudos sobre Ernest Sosa e Wittgenstein. Salvador: Quarteto Editora, 2018.","authors":"Wagner Teles de Oliveira","doi":"10.17990/rpf/2022_78_3_1157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17990/rpf/2022_78_3_1157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36725,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47278432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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