Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering最新文献

英文中文

Transdermal nanomedicine: Emerging horizons, unresolved challenges, and the path forward 透皮纳米医学：新兴的视野，未解决的挑战，和前进的道路

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100648

Sayed Maeen Badshah , Ndumiso Vukile Mdlovu , Chun-Ming Wu , Kuen-Song Lin , Ming-Tao Yang

Transdermal nanomedicine integrates nanotechnology with drug-delivery science to overcome the formidable skin barrier, offering a noninvasive, patient-centric alternative to oral and injectable routes. This review traces its evolution from conventional patches to nano-enabled systems, critically appraising lipid and polymeric nanoparticles, nanogels, solid and nanostructured lipid carriers, and microneedle-assisted delivery. Key permeation strategies surface engineering, follicular targeting, and stimuli-responsive designs are discussed alongside bioinspired carriers such as cell-membrane-coated, exosome-derived, and virus-like particles that enhance precision and biocompatibility. Structural biomimetics, including adhesive and proboscis-inspired microneedles, further advance patch design. Persistent challenges reproducibility, chronic toxicity, scale-up, and regulatory heterogeneity are analyzed with emphasis on standardization and long-term safety. Emerging solutions combine microfluidic and 3D-printed fabrication, self-assembling nanostructures, and advanced characterization (SANS/SAXS) under Quality-by-Design and AI-guided frameworks. By integrating materials science, skin biology, and regulatory insight, this review delineates a roadmap toward clinically translatable, personalized transdermal therapeutics.

透皮纳米医学将纳米技术与给药科学结合起来，克服了可怕的皮肤屏障，提供了一种非侵入性的、以患者为中心的替代口服和注射途径。本文回顾了其从传统贴片到纳米系统的演变，批判性地评估了脂质和聚合物纳米颗粒、纳米凝胶、固体和纳米结构脂质载体以及微针辅助输送。关键的渗透策略，表面工程，滤泡靶向和刺激响应设计，以及生物启发载体，如细胞膜包被，外泌体衍生和病毒样颗粒，提高精度和生物相容性进行了讨论。结构仿生学，包括粘合剂和受鼻启发的微针，进一步推进了贴片设计。持续的挑战，可重复性，慢性毒性，规模扩大和监管异质性分析，重点是标准化和长期安全性。新兴的解决方案结合了微流体和3d打印制造，自组装纳米结构，以及在质量设计和人工智能指导框架下的高级表征（SANS/SAXS）。通过整合材料科学，皮肤生物学和调控的见解，本综述描绘了临床可翻译的，个性化的透皮治疗的路线图。

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引用次数: 0

From “high” to “how many”: How quantifying receptor abundance links genotype, environment, and therapeutic response 从“高”到“多少”：如何量化受体丰度将基因型、环境和治疗反应联系起来

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100646

Yingye Fang, P.I. Imoukhuede

For decades, cell surface receptor localization has been described in qualitative terms— “high”, “low”, or “absent”—yet these descriptors mask the quantitative reality that cells can display anywhere from hundreds to hundreds of thousands of receptors, with functional consequences. This Review describes how quantifying receptor abundance transforms our understanding of cellular function and therapeutic response. We evaluate current methods for absolute receptor quantification, explore how environmental and genetic factors control receptor numbers, demonstrate how these measurements enable predictive computational models, and establish therapeutic thresholds based on precise molecular counts. Moving from asking whether receptors are present to measuring exactly how many exist, we can finally connect molecular mechanisms to clinical outcomes with mathematical precision.

几十年来，细胞表面受体定位一直用定性术语来描述——“高”、“低”或“缺失”——然而，这些描述词掩盖了定量现实，即细胞可以在任何地方显示数百到数十万个受体，并产生功能后果。这篇综述描述了量化受体丰度如何改变我们对细胞功能和治疗反应的理解。我们评估了目前的绝对受体定量方法，探索了环境和遗传因素如何控制受体数量，展示了这些测量如何实现预测计算模型，并建立了基于精确分子计数的治疗阈值。从询问受体是否存在到精确测量存在的受体数量，我们最终可以用数学精确地将分子机制与临床结果联系起来。

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in optical tools for measurement and manipulation of oncogenic cellular metabolism 用于测量和操纵致癌细胞代谢的光学工具的最新进展

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100647

Keefer Boone , Yuepeng Ke , Hongje Jang , Lingyan Shi , Yubin Zhou , Cynthia A. Reinhart-King

Cancer is increasingly understood as a metabolic disease. Oncogenic signaling reshapes core metabolic pathways, enabling cells to survive during tumor progression, invasion, and immune evasion. Gradients in oxygen, nutrients, and mechanical stress create diverse niches that drive metabolic heterogeneity. These variations are often masked by traditional bulk measurements that average across cell populations. This review highlights the growing arsenal of genetically encoded and exogenous fluorescent probes that enable real-time, single-cell monitoring of metabolism. In parallel, we explore optogenetic actuators that allow for precise manipulation of metabolism using light. Finally, we discuss advanced optical imaging techniques that provide label-free, high-resolution insights into single-cell metabolic activity across complex tissue environments. Together, these biosensors and actuators offer powerful means to examine how metabolism varies across individual cells and how it contributes to tumor behavior. These technologies hold promise for improving metabolic understanding and may ultimately guide new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

癌症越来越被认为是一种代谢性疾病。致癌信号重塑核心代谢途径，使细胞在肿瘤进展、侵袭和免疫逃避期间存活。氧、营养和机械应力的梯度创造了不同的生态位，驱动代谢异质性。这些变化通常被传统的在细胞群中平均的批量测量所掩盖。这篇综述强调了越来越多的基因编码和外源性荧光探针，使实时，单细胞监测代谢。同时，我们探索光遗传致动器，允许使用光精确操纵代谢。最后，我们讨论了先进的光学成像技术，为复杂组织环境中的单细胞代谢活动提供无标签，高分辨率的见解。总之，这些生物传感器和致动器提供了强大的手段来检查代谢如何在单个细胞之间变化以及它如何促进肿瘤行为。这些技术有望提高对代谢的理解，并可能最终指导新的诊断和治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

Cellular and molecular aspects of mechanobiology of the extracellular matrix 细胞外基质机械生物学的细胞和分子方面

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100645

Delphine Gourdon

引用次数: 0

Mechano-adaptation of adipose tissue: ECM-mediated control of obesity and breast cancer progression 脂肪组织的机械适应性：ecm介导的肥胖和乳腺癌进展的控制

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100644

Nadia Soulioti, Omolola Ajayi, Delphine Gourdon

Obesity triggers ample reorganization of adipose tissue through mechanical and biological mechanisms that extend beyond simple energy storage. Here, we analyse how the extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanically controls obesity's effects on tissue function. We examine three interconnected mechanisms: first, how obesity triggers cellular adaptations through hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and phenotypic transitions; second, how these changes activate specific mechanosensitive pathways through ECM-generated forces; and third, how the resulting matrix alterations promote breast cancer progression through coordinated changes in adipocyte phenotype and tissue mechanics. We critically evaluate current in vitro models for studying these processes and discuss their limitations in recapitulating the complex adipose-tumour microenvironment. By elucidating these ECM-mediated mechanisms, we identify potential therapeutic targets for obesity-related pathologies, particularly breast cancer, while noting the broader applicability of these mechanobiological principles to other adipose-associated malignancies.

肥胖通过超出简单能量储存的机械和生物机制触发脂肪组织的大量重组。在这里，我们分析细胞外基质（ECM）如何机械地控制肥胖对组织功能的影响。我们研究了三个相互关联的机制：首先，肥胖如何通过肥大、增生和表型转变触发细胞适应；其次，这些变化如何通过ecm产生的力激活特定的机械敏感途径；第三，由此产生的基质改变如何通过脂肪细胞表型和组织力学的协调变化促进乳腺癌的进展。我们批判性地评估了目前用于研究这些过程的体外模型，并讨论了它们在概括复杂脂肪-肿瘤微环境方面的局限性。通过阐明这些ecm介导的机制，我们确定了肥胖相关病理，特别是乳腺癌的潜在治疗靶点，同时注意到这些机制生物学原理在其他脂肪相关恶性肿瘤中的广泛适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Biosensors for in vitro modeling of cell and tissue functions 用于体外模拟细胞和组织功能的生物传感器

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100643

Yu Shrike Zhang

引用次数: 0

Engineering the organoid niche to build better human models 设计类器官生态位来构建更好的人体模型

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100642

Saba Rezakhani, Matthias Lutolf

引用次数: 0

Microfluidic platforms for organ-on-a-chip models: Creating dynamic microenvironments for organoid and multi-organ systems 芯片上器官模型的微流控平台：为类器官和多器官系统创建动态微环境

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100630

Francesca Tomatis , Silvia Angiolillo , Eirini Maniou , Onelia Gagliano , Nicola Elvassore

Organoids have revolutionized in vitro modeling of human development and disease, yet their full potential remains constrained by the limited spatial and temporal control over their microenvironment and 3D organization. The integration of organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technologies with organoids, the so-called organoids-on-a-chip (OrgOC) offers a powerful solution to overcome these limitations, enabling the development of dynamic, structured, and reproducible systems. In this review, we discuss how physical principles of microfluidics can be exploited to engineer microenvironments with precise control over shape, signaling, and tissue-level organization. We explore recent advances in microfluidic strategies for shaping organoid geometry, establishing spatiotemporal morphogen gradients, and integrating multi-organoid assemblies to mimic inter-organ communication. We also report scalable approaches for organoid production and sorting that leverage automation, to improve reproducibility, patterning fidelity, and scalability. Together, these approaches are redefining the landscape of in vitro modeling by bringing organoid systems closer to the complexity, integration, and responsiveness of human tissues.

类器官已经彻底改变了人类发育和疾病的体外建模，但它们的全部潜力仍然受到对其微环境和三维组织的有限时空控制的限制。芯片上器官（OoC）技术与类器官的集成，即所谓的芯片上器官（OrgOC），为克服这些限制提供了一个强大的解决方案，使动态、结构化和可复制系统的开发成为可能。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了如何利用微流体的物理原理来设计精确控制形状、信号和组织水平组织的微环境。我们探讨了微流控策略在塑造类器官几何形状、建立时空形态梯度和整合多类器官组装以模拟器官间通信方面的最新进展。我们还报告了可扩展的类器官生产和分类方法，利用自动化，提高再现性，模式保真度和可扩展性。总之，这些方法通过使类器官系统更接近人类组织的复杂性、整体性和反应性，重新定义了体外建模的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Nanomaterials for controlled drug delivery in wound healing: Recent advances and future directions 纳米材料在伤口愈合中的控制药物递送：最新进展和未来方向

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100637

Nasim Mohammadi , Mahesh Narayan

Chronic wounds exert a rising global health burden. The lack of effective intervention is an outcome created by four core pathophysiological barriers, viz., biofilm persistence, oxidative stress, impaired angiogenesis, and dysregulated inflammation/extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. To overcome the interventional hurdles, nanomaterial-based delivery systems including electrospun nanofibers, hydrogels, and nanoparticles offer intelligent, multi-targeted solutions through controlled release and intrinsic bioactivity. This review is structured around recent advances (2020–2025) around these barriers and critically evaluates how each platform counters specific deficits. Briefly, nanofibers mimic ECM to restore remodeling, hydrogels scavenge ROS and enable on-demand release, nanoparticles penetrate biofilms while upregulating VEGF and hybrid systems achieve synergistic outcomes (e.g., 55 % faster diabetic wound closure). Furthermore, translational challenges involving toxicity, scalability, and regulation are discussed along with strategies for clinical acceleration. We conclude with a roadmap for AI-guided, closed-loop, dressings that potentially (and dynamically) address the lowering of all four barriers, and pave the way for precision wound care.

慢性伤口造成的全球卫生负担日益加重。缺乏有效的干预是由四个核心病理生理障碍造成的结果，即生物膜持久性、氧化应激、血管生成受损和炎症/细胞外基质（ECM）重塑失调。为了克服介入障碍，基于纳米材料的递送系统，包括静电纺纳米纤维、水凝胶和纳米颗粒，通过控制释放和内在的生物活性，提供智能的多目标解决方案。本综述围绕这些障碍的最新进展（2020-2025年）进行，并批判性地评估每个平台如何应对特定的缺陷。简而言之，纳米纤维模拟ECM以恢复重塑，水凝胶清除ROS并实现按需释放，纳米颗粒穿透生物膜，同时上调VEGF和混合系统实现协同结果（例如，糖尿病伤口愈合速度加快55%）。此外，涉及毒性、可扩展性和监管的转化挑战与临床加速策略一起被讨论。我们总结了人工智能引导的闭环敷料路线图，该路线图可能（和动态）解决所有四个障碍的降低问题，并为精确伤口护理铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in neurodegenerative disease diagnosis: Advancing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases 神经退行性疾病诊断中的人工智能：推进阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100638

M. Chandru , M. Abinesh , M. Siva Ananth , Arti Vashist , Pandiaraj Manickam

This review article explores the significant advancements of artificial intelligence (AI) as a transformative tool for the early detection of major neurodegenerative diseases, specifically Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Traditional diagnostic techniques, including standardized clinical cognitive assessments, molecular biomarker analysis, and neuroimaging, remain crucial in clinical assessment. However, their utility is often limited by their accessibility, cost, and insufficient sensitivity. In the recent years, AI-driven techniques have emerged as a promising tool in advancing the early detection of AD and PD. These techniques play a crucial role in diagnosis by analyzing complex dataset derived from neuroimaging, integrated wearable sensors, and various digital biomarkers. By integrating multimodal data analysis with digital phenotyping and digital biomarkers discovery, a personalized therapeutic regime can be developed. Challenges, including the need for standardized data acquisition, improving model interpretability, and addressing ethical concerns related to data privacy and equitable access, are also highlighted.

这篇综述文章探讨了人工智能（AI）作为早期检测主要神经退行性疾病，特别是阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病（PD）的变革性工具的重大进展。传统的诊断技术，包括标准化的临床认知评估、分子生物标志物分析和神经成像，在临床评估中仍然至关重要。然而，它们的效用往往受到可及性、成本和灵敏度不足的限制。近年来，人工智能驱动技术已经成为一种有前途的工具，可以促进AD和PD的早期发现。这些技术通过分析来自神经成像、集成可穿戴传感器和各种数字生物标志物的复杂数据集，在诊断中发挥着至关重要的作用。通过将多模态数据分析与数字表型和数字生物标志物发现相结合，可以开发出个性化的治疗方案。还强调了挑战，包括对标准化数据获取的需求，改进模型可解释性，以及解决与数据隐私和公平访问相关的道德问题。

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