Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering最新文献

英文中文

Green nano-semiconductors and nanometals to avert complex phenomena of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) 绿色纳米半导体和纳米金属避免抗菌素耐药性（AMR）的复杂现象

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100626

Amrindra Pal , Harsh Sable , Arun Uniyal , Vishal Chaudhary

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a silent pandemic in the lens of One Health, which is impacting current global healthcare facilities/therapeutics and the environment. AMR is a complex system in which clinical misuse/overuse of antibiotics, environmental contamination, and microbial evolution form a dynamic/adaptive network of resistance propagation for conventional antibiotics, requiring urgent alternatives. This opinion highlights the potential of green-synthesised nano-semiconductors/nanometals (GNSS/GNMS) fabricated using biochemicals procured from plants, microbes, waste/green solvents, to combat AMR. They exhibit multifaceted antimicrobial mechanisms, including oxidative stress induction, membrane disruption, metal ion release, biofilm inhibition, quorum sensing interference, and antibiotic synergism. Moreover, they demonstrated transformative potential in diagnostics, wound healing, agriculture, and wastewater remediation owing to their exceptional physicochemical properties, including band-gap tunability, biocompatibility and low toxicity. The challenges, like synthesis variability and standardisation, that restrict their commercial adaptability are discussed with alternatives to establish them as sustainable solutions to AMR, considering the UN's SDGs.

在“同一个健康”的视角下，抗菌素耐药性（AMR）是一种无声的大流行，正在影响当前的全球卫生保健设施/治疗方法和环境。抗生素耐药性是一个复杂的系统，其中临床滥用/过度使用抗生素、环境污染和微生物进化形成了常规抗生素耐药性传播的动态/适应性网络，需要紧急替代。这一观点强调了绿色合成纳米半导体/纳米金属（GNSS/GNMS）的潜力，这些纳米半导体/纳米金属使用从植物、微生物、废物/绿色溶剂中获取的生化物质来制造，以对抗抗生素耐药性。它们表现出多方面的抗菌机制，包括氧化应激诱导、膜破坏、金属离子释放、生物膜抑制、群体感应干扰和抗生素协同作用。此外，由于其特殊的物理化学性质，包括带隙可调性、生物相容性和低毒性，它们在诊断、伤口愈合、农业和废水修复方面显示出变革潜力。考虑到联合国的可持续发展目标，讨论了限制其商业适应性的挑战，如合成可变性和标准化，以及将其作为AMR可持续解决方案的替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Fuel, form, and memory: The motility-driven journey of cancer cells 燃料、形态和记忆：癌细胞的运动驱动之旅

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100624

Carolina Trenado-Yuste , Celeste M. Nelson

Tumor progression is a complex, multi-stage process that involves tumor formation, cancer cell invasion, metastasis, and colonization of distant sites. Each stage is driven in part by cell motility and interactions between cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment. In this review, we describe how cell motility contributes to each stage of cancer progression, with a focus on cell metabolism, nuclear mechanics, and mechanical memory. Throughout, we highlight the mechanisms used by cancer cells to move and adapt during the metastatic cascade. Understanding how cancer cells migrate can provide valuable insights into novel approaches to disrupt metastasis and improve outcomes of cancer treatments.

肿瘤进展是一个复杂的多阶段过程，包括肿瘤形成、癌细胞侵袭、转移和远处定植。每个阶段都部分由细胞运动和癌细胞与其周围微环境之间的相互作用驱动。在这篇综述中，我们描述了细胞运动如何促进癌症进展的各个阶段，重点是细胞代谢、核力学和机械记忆。总之，我们强调癌细胞在转移级联过程中移动和适应的机制。了解癌细胞如何迁移可以为破坏转移和改善癌症治疗结果的新方法提供有价值的见解。

引用次数: 0

Cellular mechanoactivation of antigen-presenting cells and T cells for cancer immunotherapy 肿瘤免疫治疗中抗原提呈细胞和T细胞的细胞机械活化

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100619

Davoud Ghazanfari , Liqin Ren , Melissa S. Cantú, Michael R. King

Cells convert mechanical stimuli into biochemical signals through mechanotransduction, a process that has emerged as a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. Mechanical forces alter extracellular protein conformation, particularly mechanosensitive ion channels, leading to Ca²⁺ influx and subsequent cascades of events that modulate cellular function and behavior. Recent discoveries indicate the potential of mechanotransduction as a novel approach for enhancing immune cell activation in cancer treatment modalities. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells have become the focus of novel approaches to combat cancer. While current clinical ex vivo methods for APC activation often demonstrate limited efficiency, mechanotransduction techniques demonstrate remarkable potential for dramatically enhancing APC activation, potentially leading to improved therapeutic outcomes. Researchers have explored the mechanosensitivity of T cells to enhance CAR T therapy's specificity and controllability. Additionally, scientists have mechanically activated cancer cells engineered to express priming antigens, which are critical for synthetic Notch (SynNotch) CAR T cell therapy. Among the various mechanotransduction stimuli, fluid shear stress (FSS) and ultrasound have emerged as new and effective approaches for immune cell activation. This article reviews the latest discoveries in the mechanoactivation of APCs, T cells, and engineered CAR T cells utilizing FSS and ultrasound.

细胞通过机械转导将机械刺激转化为生化信号，这一过程已成为癌症免疫治疗的一种有前途的方法。机械力改变细胞外蛋白质构象，特别是机械敏感离子通道，导致Ca2+内流和随后的级联事件，调节细胞功能和行为。最近的发现表明，机械转导作为一种增强癌症治疗方式中免疫细胞激活的新方法的潜力。抗原呈递细胞（APCs）和T细胞已经成为对抗癌症的新方法的焦点。虽然目前的临床体外APC激活方法通常效率有限，但机械转导技术显示出显著增强APC激活的显着潜力，可能会改善治疗结果。研究人员探索了T细胞的机械敏感性，以增强CAR - T疗法的特异性和可控性。此外，科学家们已经机械激活了癌细胞来表达启动抗原，这对于合成Notch (SynNotch) CAR - T细胞治疗至关重要。在各种机械转导刺激中，流体剪切应力（FSS）和超声已经成为免疫细胞激活的新的有效方法。本文综述了利用FSS和超声对APCs、T细胞和工程化CAR - T细胞进行机械激活的最新发现。

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引用次数: 0

Aging and the extracellular matrix: A tumor-permissive microenvironment driving cancer progression 衰老和细胞外基质：肿瘤容许微环境驱动癌症进展

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100618

Lauren Hawthorne , Jun Yang , Pinar Zorlutuna

Aging is a significant cancer risk factor, yet its impact on the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tumor initiation and progression has been traditionally overlooked. While significant amounts of research focus on cellular and genetic links between aging and cancer, recent studies highlight how age-induced ECM changes create a tumor-permissive environment. Here we review this emerging research area, where age-related ECM alterations, such as age-induced increases in matrix stiffness, biochemical changes, and resultant dysregulated mechanosensitive pathways, are explored for their influence in cancer initiation and progression. Additionally, recent studies have showed how aged cells contribute to ECM alterations, further reinforcing tumor-permissive changes. This review examines both aspects of ECM aging, i.e. material-driven and cell-driven, and highlights current understandings of how ECM aging influences interactions within the tumor microenvironment in multiple cancer types, with a focus on biomechanical aspects. We also discuss emerging age-mimetic in vitro models facilitating studies of age-dependent cancer progression and therapeutic responses. Finally, we review therapeutic strategies that target aging-associated components or ECM changes to improve treatment efficacy.

衰老是一个重要的癌症危险因素，但其对细胞外基质（ECM）在肿瘤发生和发展中的影响一直被忽视。虽然大量的研究集中在衰老和癌症之间的细胞和遗传联系上，但最近的研究强调了年龄诱导的ECM变化如何创造一个肿瘤允许的环境。在这里，我们回顾了这一新兴的研究领域，其中年龄相关的ECM改变，如年龄诱导的基质硬度增加、生化变化和由此产生的机械敏感途径失调，探讨了它们在癌症发生和发展中的影响。此外，最近的研究表明，衰老细胞如何促进ECM的改变，进一步加强肿瘤允许的变化。本文综述了ECM老化的两个方面，即材料驱动和细胞驱动，并强调了目前对ECM老化如何影响多种癌症类型肿瘤微环境内相互作用的理解，重点是生物力学方面。我们还讨论了促进年龄依赖性癌症进展和治疗反应研究的新兴年龄模拟体外模型。最后，我们回顾了针对衰老相关成分或ECM变化的治疗策略，以提高治疗效果。

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引用次数: 0

Eye tracking in cardiology 心脏病学中的眼动追踪

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100617

Vedat Cicek, Ulas Bagci

Eye-tracking technology has a strong potential to transform diagnostic medicine and medical education, yet its applications in cardiovascular medicine remain limited. In this study, we present evidence demonstrating how eye-tracking can enhance diagnostic accuracy and procedural proficiency in cardiology. Quantitative analysis of visual attention patterns during electrocardiogram interpretation, cardiac imaging assessment, and interventional procedures reveals distinct scan paths between expert cardiologists and trainees. Integration of eye-tracking metrics in cardiovascular training programs facilitates rapid skill development and enables objective competency assessment. Real-time analysis of eye movements during cardiac interventions can improve procedural accuracy and reduce complications. These findings establish eye-tracking as an essential tool for advancing cardiovascular medicine through improved diagnostics, procedural outcomes, and evidence-based education. We provide a systematic framework for implementing eye-tracking in clinical cardiology and identify critical research priorities, presenting our vision for the future integration of this technology in cardiology practice.

眼动追踪技术在改变诊断医学和医学教育方面具有巨大潜力，但其在心血管医学中的应用仍然有限。在本研究中，我们提出证据证明眼动追踪可以提高心脏病学诊断的准确性和程序熟练程度。在心电图解释、心脏成像评估和介入治疗过程中，对视觉注意模式的定量分析揭示了心脏病专家和受训者之间不同的扫描路径。在心血管训练项目中集成眼动追踪指标有助于快速技能发展和实现客观能力评估。实时分析心脏介入手术过程中的眼球运动可以提高手术的准确性，减少并发症。这些发现确立了眼动追踪是通过改进诊断、程序结果和循证教育来推进心血管医学的重要工具。我们为在临床心脏病学中实施眼动追踪提供了一个系统的框架，并确定了关键的研究重点，展示了我们对未来将这项技术整合到心脏病学实践中的愿景。

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引用次数: 0

Antibacterial electrospun nanofibers for wound dressing applications 用于伤口敷料的抗菌静电纺纳米纤维

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100616

Fuat Topuz , Tamer Uyar

Electrospun nanofibers, with their high porosity, mechanical flexibility, ease of functionalization, and structural similarity to the extracellular matrix, represent a versatile platform for advanced wound dressings. Their capacity to incorporate bioactive components and cell-binding motifs facilitates cellular adhesion, proliferation, antimicrobial defense, and tissue regeneration. This review highlights recent progress (since 2020) in the development of antibacterial electrospun wound dressings, emphasizing systems composed of natural and synthetic polymers, as well as their hybrids. The electrospinning technique and the advantages of electrospun wound dressings are first briefly discussed. Key functionalization strategies using antibiotics, antibacterial peptides and phytochemicals, metal ions, and inorganic nanoparticles are then elaborated in the context of their mechanisms for combating bacterial infections. The ability to tailor material composition and achieve controlled release, along with embedding regenerative cues, makes electrospun nanofiber dressings strong candidates for treating both acute and chronic wounds.

电纺纳米纤维具有高孔隙率、机械柔韧性、易于功能化和与细胞外基质结构相似的特点，是先进伤口敷料的通用平台。它们结合生物活性成分和细胞结合基序的能力促进了细胞粘附、增殖、抗菌防御和组织再生。本文综述了抗菌静电纺丝伤口敷料的最新进展（自2020年以来），重点介绍了由天然和合成聚合物及其混合物组成的系统。首先简要介绍了静电纺丝技术和静电纺丝敷料的优点。关键功能化策略使用抗生素，抗菌肽和植物化学物质，金属离子，无机纳米颗粒，然后在其对抗细菌感染的机制的背景下阐述。定制材料成分和实现可控释放的能力，以及嵌入再生线索的能力，使静电纺纳米纤维敷料成为治疗急性和慢性伤口的有力候选者。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in hydrogel-based platforms for periodontal tissue regeneration 基于水凝胶的牙周组织再生平台研究进展

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100615

Reihaneh Khademi, Mahshid Kharaziha

Periodontitis is a severe and progressive inflammatory disease triggered by microbial infection, destroying essential tooth-supporting structures, including the alveolar bone, gingiva, periodontal ligament, and cementum. While traditional therapies like scaling and root planning can effectively manage disease progression, they often fail to restore the natural architecture and functionality of periodontal tissues due to the limited regenerative capacity of these structures. Periodontal tissue engineering has emerged as a promising solution to this challenge. This technology is based on multifunctional biomaterials, especially hydrogels, for restoring damaged alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and root cementum. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the properties required for hydrogels to facilitate periodontal tissue regeneration. Moreover, it discusses the use of hydrogels as delivery systems for cells, drugs, and growth factors, as well as their role in photothermal therapy and periodontal tissue regeneration. Finally, the review addresses the current challenges associated with the use of hydrogels and outlines the potential future directions for integrating hydrogels into periodontitis treatment and diagnosis.

牙周炎是一种严重的进行性炎症性疾病，由微生物感染引起，破坏牙齿的基本支撑结构，包括牙槽骨、牙龈、牙周韧带和牙骨质。虽然像刮治和牙根规划这样的传统疗法可以有效地控制疾病的进展，但由于牙周组织的再生能力有限，它们往往无法恢复牙周组织的自然结构和功能。牙周组织工程已成为解决这一挑战的一个有希望的解决方案。该技术基于多功能生物材料，特别是水凝胶，用于修复受损的牙槽骨、牙周韧带和牙根骨质。本文综述了促进牙周组织再生所需的水凝胶的性能。此外，它还讨论了水凝胶作为细胞、药物和生长因子的递送系统的使用，以及它们在光热治疗和牙周组织再生中的作用。最后，回顾了目前与水凝胶使用相关的挑战，并概述了将水凝胶整合到牙周炎治疗和诊断中的潜在未来方向。

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引用次数: 0

Imaging the microscale mechanical properties of cancer using optical coherence elastography 利用光学相干弹性成像技术对癌症的微观力学特性进行成像

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100614

Rowan W. Sanderson , Brendan F. Kennedy

Optical coherence elastography (OCE) is emerging as an important technique in characterising and mapping the mechanical properties of cancer on the microscale. This review presents the latest advances in the development of OCE for oncology, highlighting cancer mechanobiology, drug-delivery monitoring and clinical diagnostics as the three most promising areas. Key technical innovations are described including the development of novel loading methods to enable the imaging of single cells, as well as the design of imaging probes that enable OCE's application to in vivo imaging. We also provide our perspective on how these developments may shape future translation and adoption of OCE in oncology.

光学相干弹性成像（OCE）是一种在微观尺度上表征和绘制癌症力学特性的重要技术。本文综述了肿瘤OCE的最新进展，重点介绍了肿瘤机械生物学、药物传递监测和临床诊断三个最有前景的领域。关键的技术创新包括开发新的加载方法，使单细胞成像，以及成像探针的设计，使OCE应用于体内成像。我们还提供了我们对这些发展如何影响OCE在肿瘤学中的未来翻译和采用的观点。

引用次数: 0

Recent advancements and applications of physics-informed machine learning in biomedical research 基于物理的机器学习在生物医学研究中的最新进展和应用

IF 4.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100612

Valentina Roquemen-Echeverri, Clara Mosquera-Lopez

Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) has emerged as a promising approach to modeling complex biomedical systems by integrating underlying biophysical laws with data-driven methods. Neural networks, particularly deep networks, are powerful data-driven function approximators that provide a flexible, scalable, and efficient framework for PIML, enabling the development of models with improved accuracy, interpretability, and robustness. This review examines recent advancements and applications of PIML in key biomedical domains where neural networks have been employed. We discuss core PIML techniques (i.e. physics-informed neural networks, constitutive artificial neural networks, and neural ordinary differential equations) for embedding physics into ML models and their applications in cardiology, oncology, radiology, and endocrinology, among other fields. By synthesizing recent progress and emerging applications from the scientific literature, we aim to highlight the potential of PIML in advancing both fundamental and translational research in biomedical engineering.

基于物理的机器学习（PIML）通过将潜在的生物物理定律与数据驱动的方法相结合，已经成为一种有前途的复杂生物医学系统建模方法。神经网络，特别是深度网络，是强大的数据驱动函数逼近器，为PIML提供了灵活、可扩展和高效的框架，使模型的开发具有更高的准确性、可解释性和鲁棒性。本文综述了PIML在神经网络应用的关键生物医学领域的最新进展和应用。我们讨论了将物理嵌入到ML模型中的核心PIML技术（即物理信息神经网络，本构人工神经网络和神经常微分方程）及其在心脏病学，肿瘤学，放射学和内分泌学等领域的应用。通过综合科学文献的最新进展和新兴应用，我们的目标是突出PIML在推进生物医学工程基础研究和转化研究方面的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Hyaluronic acid-based models of the brain microenvironment: Challenges and advances 基于透明质酸的大脑微环境模型：挑战和进展

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2025.100613

Anna Weldy , Sanjay Kumar

While hyaluronic acid (HA) extracellular matrix (ECM) models continue to provide valuable insights into brain physiology and disease, much room for improvement remains in terms of capturing the cellular and structural complexity of the brain microenvironment. Here we review next-generation HA models that are aimed at better capturing brain microenvironmental complexity. We discuss functionalization and crosslinking strategies designed to improve HA stability and biocompatibility. We also cover efforts to incorporate ECM proteins and stromal elements into HA hydrogels, including astrocytes, endothelial cells, and macrophages. We conclude with a brief discussion of nascent advancements and applications of these models, ranging from the reconstruction of multicellular stromal structures to the development of high-throughput screening platforms. This new suite of matrix technologies and the resulting applications should contribute greatly to mechanistic and therapeutic discovery in brain physiology and disease.

虽然透明质酸（HA）细胞外基质（ECM）模型继续为大脑生理学和疾病提供有价值的见解，但在捕捉大脑微环境的细胞和结构复杂性方面仍有很大的改进空间。在这里，我们回顾旨在更好地捕捉大脑微环境复杂性的下一代HA模型。我们讨论功能化和交联策略，旨在提高透明质酸的稳定性和生物相容性。我们还介绍了将ECM蛋白和基质元素纳入透明质酸水凝胶的努力，包括星形胶质细胞、内皮细胞和巨噬细胞。最后，我们简要讨论了这些模型的新进展和应用，从多细胞基质结构的重建到高通量筛选平台的发展。这套新的基质技术和由此产生的应用将极大地促进脑生理学和疾病的机制和治疗发现。

引用次数: 0

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