Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100569
Jin Hyuck Jeong , Miseol Kim , Hui-Shan Li
Reprogrammed immune cell therapies show great promise as “living drugs”, a concept successfully demonstrated in clinical settings with engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Beyond CAR-T therapies, immune cells possess unique characteristics that can be leveraged to enhance the body's immune response against specific diseases. This review first highlights recent clinical advancements in immune cell therapies, focusing on the use of different immune cell types across various disease settings. It then explores current engineering approaches aimed at addressing the specific challenges in cancer treatment. Additionally, the review examines the role of emerging technologies such as synthetic circuits, CRISPR, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in expanding the potential of immune cell therapies to treat a broad range of conditions.
{"title":"Immune cell and engineering for the therapeutics","authors":"Jin Hyuck Jeong , Miseol Kim , Hui-Shan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reprogrammed immune cell therapies show great promise as “living drugs”, a concept successfully demonstrated in clinical settings with engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Beyond CAR-T therapies, immune cells possess unique characteristics that can be leveraged to enhance the body's immune response against specific diseases. This review first highlights recent clinical advancements in immune cell therapies, focusing on the use of different immune cell types across various disease settings. It then explores current engineering approaches aimed at addressing the specific challenges in cancer treatment. Additionally, the review examines the role of emerging technologies such as synthetic circuits, CRISPR, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in expanding the potential of immune cell therapies to treat a broad range of conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100568
Magdalena Fladung , Alexander Berkes , Tim Alletzhaeusser , Yi Chen , Natalie Munding , Motomu Tanaka , Martin Wegener , Martin Bastmeyer
Recent advances in additive manufacturing have opened up new possibilities to print almost arbitrary structures with submicrometer resolution. An intriguing application is the fabrication of metamaterial-based scaffolds with unprecedented precision and with defined effective elastic properties for mechanobiological research. This field of study has already led to promising results but remains wide open. The vast possibilities, together with the high interdisciplinary character and current lack of established protocols or literature on the subject, are intriguing on the one hand but might discourage researchers who are new to this field. In this review, we aim to provide insights into the work with such microstructured bio-metamaterials, mainly based on our own experience with 2D systems, hoping to encourage further mechanobiological studies. Finally, we present some considerations for expanding to the third dimension to more closely resemble the invivo situation.
{"title":"What lies beyond—Insights into elastic microscaffolds with metamaterial properties for cell studies","authors":"Magdalena Fladung , Alexander Berkes , Tim Alletzhaeusser , Yi Chen , Natalie Munding , Motomu Tanaka , Martin Wegener , Martin Bastmeyer","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in additive manufacturing have opened up new possibilities to print almost arbitrary structures with submicrometer resolution. An intriguing application is the fabrication of metamaterial-based scaffolds with unprecedented precision and with defined effective elastic properties for mechanobiological research. This field of study has already led to promising results but remains wide open. The vast possibilities, together with the high interdisciplinary character and current lack of established protocols or literature on the subject, are intriguing on the one hand but might discourage researchers who are new to this field. In this review, we aim to provide insights into the work with such microstructured bio-metamaterials, mainly based on our own experience with 2D systems, hoping to encourage further mechanobiological studies. Finally, we present some considerations for expanding to the third dimension to more closely resemble the <em>in</em> <em>vivo</em> situation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100568"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100567
Ahmad Chaddad , Yan Hu , Yihang Wu , Binbin Wen , Reem Kateb
Objective
This paper presents an overview of generalizable and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in deep learning (DL) for medical imaging, with the aim of addressing the urgent need for transparency and explainability in clinical applications.
Methodology
We propose to use four CNNs in three medical datasets (brain tumor, skin cancer, and chest x-ray) for medical image classification tasks. Furthermore, we combine ResNet50 with five common XAI techniques to obtain explainable results for model prediction, in order to improve model transparency. We also involve a quantitative metric (confidence increase) to evaluate the usefulness of XAI techniques.
Key findings
The experimental results indicate that ResNet50 can achieve feasible accuracy and F1 score in all datasets (e.g., 86.31 % accuracy in skin cancer). Furthermore, the findings show that while certain XAI methods, such as eXplanation with Gradient-weighted Class activation mapping (XgradCAM), effectively highlight relevant abnormal regions in medical images, others, such as EigenGradCAM, may perform less effectively in specific scenarios. In addition, XgradCAM indicates higher confidence increase (e.g., 0.12 in glioma tumor) compared to GradCAM++ (0.09) and LayerCAM (0.08).
Implications
Based on the experimental results and recent advancements, we outline future research directions to enhance the generalizability of DL models in the field of biomedical imaging.
{"title":"Generalizable and explainable deep learning for medical image computing: An overview","authors":"Ahmad Chaddad , Yan Hu , Yihang Wu , Binbin Wen , Reem Kateb","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This paper presents an overview of generalizable and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in deep learning (DL) for medical imaging, with the aim of addressing the urgent need for transparency and explainability in clinical applications.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>We propose to use four CNNs in three medical datasets (brain tumor, skin cancer, and chest x-ray) for medical image classification tasks. Furthermore, we combine ResNet50 with five common XAI techniques to obtain explainable results for model prediction, in order to improve model transparency. We also involve a quantitative metric (confidence increase) to evaluate the usefulness of XAI techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Key findings</h3><div>The experimental results indicate that ResNet50 can achieve feasible accuracy and F1 score in all datasets (e.g., 86.31 % accuracy in skin cancer). Furthermore, the findings show that while certain XAI methods, such as eXplanation with Gradient-weighted Class activation mapping (XgradCAM), effectively highlight relevant abnormal regions in medical images, others, such as EigenGradCAM, may perform less effectively in specific scenarios. In addition, XgradCAM indicates higher confidence increase (e.g., 0.12 in glioma tumor) compared to GradCAM++ (0.09) and LayerCAM (0.08).</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>Based on the experimental results and recent advancements, we outline future research directions to enhance the generalizability of DL models in the field of biomedical imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100562
Prachi Kumari , Aleksandra Milojkovic , Kristen Kozielski
Nanomaterials offer a promising approach for precise and minimally invasive modulation of neural activity versus traditional implants. This review explores recent advances in various nanotransducer systems that are powered by a remotely deliverable carrier signal (optical, mechanical, or magnetic) and output a neuromodulatory signal (optical, thermal, mechanical, or electrical). Key advantages of individual transduction methods have been highlighted, such as penetration to deeper brain regions, and potential for cell-specific targeting with or without genetic modification of the target tissue. Current challenges and advances are discussed in the context of considerations for clinical translation, which include optimizing transduction efficiency, reducing power requirements, and spatiotemporal stimulation control.
{"title":"Analysis of wireless powering modes for nanotransducer-mediated neuromodulation","authors":"Prachi Kumari , Aleksandra Milojkovic , Kristen Kozielski","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanomaterials offer a promising approach for precise and minimally invasive modulation of neural activity versus traditional implants. This review explores recent advances in various nanotransducer systems that are powered by a remotely deliverable carrier signal (optical, mechanical, or magnetic) and output a neuromodulatory signal (optical, thermal, mechanical, or electrical). Key advantages of individual transduction methods have been highlighted, such as penetration to deeper brain regions, and potential for cell-specific targeting with or without genetic modification of the target tissue. Current challenges and advances are discussed in the context of considerations for clinical translation, which include optimizing transduction efficiency, reducing power requirements, and spatiotemporal stimulation control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100566
Marta M. Iversen , Abby T. Harrison , Clay T. Stanley , Ashley N. Dalrymple
Spinal cord stimulation can improve function in neural injuries and disorders. Here, we review recent developments in epidural and transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (eSCS, tSCS) for motor and sensory rehabilitation. eSCS entails electrodes implanted epidurally over the dorsal spinal cord, while tSCS utilizes adhesive electrodes placed on the surface of the skin. eSCS and tSCS improve volitional motor control in conditions such as spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and spinal muscular atrophy. They likely improve volitional function by exciting dorsal root afferents which prime motoneurons for supraspinal and propriospinal inputs. Additionally, eSCS and tSCS evoke sensations in missing limbs post-amputation, providing sensory feedback and improving coordination and stability. Hardware advancements aim to optimize targeting and specificity for motor and sensory rehabilitation applications.
{"title":"Rehabilitation of motor and sensory function using spinal cord stimulation: Recent advances","authors":"Marta M. Iversen , Abby T. Harrison , Clay T. Stanley , Ashley N. Dalrymple","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spinal cord stimulation can improve function in neural injuries and disorders. Here, we review recent developments in epidural and transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (eSCS, tSCS) for motor and sensory rehabilitation. eSCS entails electrodes implanted epidurally over the dorsal spinal cord, while tSCS utilizes adhesive electrodes placed on the surface of the skin. eSCS and tSCS improve volitional motor control in conditions such as spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and spinal muscular atrophy. They likely improve volitional function by exciting dorsal root afferents which prime motoneurons for supraspinal and propriospinal inputs. Additionally, eSCS and tSCS evoke sensations in missing limbs post-amputation, providing sensory feedback and improving coordination and stability. Hardware advancements aim to optimize targeting and specificity for motor and sensory rehabilitation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100566"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100565
Xibo Wang , Abdul Aziz , Xing Sheng , Liu Wang , Lan Yin
Bioresorbable neural interfaces have the potential to significantly advance the treatment of neurological disorders and modulate the nervous system, as they can safely degrade into biologically benign end products after a specified operational period without requiring additional surgical interventions. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of recent developments in bioresorbable neural interfaces, including electrical, optical, electrochemical, mechano-electric, thermal, and magnetoelectric strategies for neuromodulation and regenerative medicine. Associated material options, fabrication techniques, and therapeutic applications will be discussed.
{"title":"Bioresorbable neural interfaces for bioelectronic medicine","authors":"Xibo Wang , Abdul Aziz , Xing Sheng , Liu Wang , Lan Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioresorbable neural interfaces have the potential to significantly advance the treatment of neurological disorders and modulate the nervous system, as they can safely degrade into biologically benign end products after a specified operational period without requiring additional surgical interventions. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of recent developments in bioresorbable neural interfaces, including electrical, optical, electrochemical, mechano-electric, thermal, and magnetoelectric strategies for neuromodulation and regenerative medicine. Associated material options, fabrication techniques, and therapeutic applications will be discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100564
Tim M. Bruns , Lauren Zimmerman Hershey
Sexual dysfunction affects a substantial number of women and men. Currently there are no commercially available neuromodulation therapies for sexual dysfunction. Neuromodulation has long been used as a third-line therapy for bladder and bowel dysfunction, with frequent reports of utility for sexual dysfunction. Sacral neuromodulation has a robust literature showing benefits in sexual function for implant recipients. Tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) has seen a recent growth in studies for sexual dysfunction. Transcutaneous TNS provides a lower-barrier neuromodulation approach with potential efficacy for male and female sexual dysfunction. Other neuromodulation approaches, including spinal cord stimulation and dorsal genital nerve stimulation also have potential as therapies for sexual dysfunction. There is a considerable opportunity for one or more neuromodulation therapies to enter an open market space.
{"title":"Neuromodulation for the treatment of sexual dysfunction: An opportunity for the field","authors":"Tim M. Bruns , Lauren Zimmerman Hershey","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sexual dysfunction affects a substantial number of women and men. Currently there are no commercially available neuromodulation therapies for sexual dysfunction. Neuromodulation has long been used as a third-line therapy for bladder and bowel dysfunction, with frequent reports of utility for sexual dysfunction. Sacral neuromodulation has a robust literature showing benefits in sexual function for implant recipients. Tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) has seen a recent growth in studies for sexual dysfunction. Transcutaneous TNS provides a lower-barrier neuromodulation approach with potential efficacy for male and female sexual dysfunction. Other neuromodulation approaches, including spinal cord stimulation and dorsal genital nerve stimulation also have potential as therapies for sexual dysfunction. There is a considerable opportunity for one or more neuromodulation therapies to enter an open market space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100564"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100561
Danish Vasan , Mohammad Hammoudeh
This study presents a machine learning-driven defense mechanism against adversarial attacks, specifically tailored for medical imaging applications. This mechanism utilizes feature transformation through transfer learning, leveraging a fine-tuned ResNet152V2 network trained on original medical images. To enhance the model's robustness, we apply efficient adversarial training on transformed features extracted from both original and adversarial images. Additionally, we integrate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce feature dimensionality, optimizing the adversarial training process. When evaluated on Chest X-ray datasets, focusing on pneumonia and normal cases, the proposed mechanism demonstrated strong resilience against imperceptible attacks while maintaining a performance retention rate above 90 %. These results show the potential of the proposed mechanism to enhance the reliability and security of CNN-based medical imaging systems in practical, real-world settings.
本研究提出了一种机器学习驱动的防御机制，专门针对医学影像应用来抵御对抗性攻击。该机制通过迁移学习，利用在原始医学图像上训练的微调 ResNet152V2 网络进行特征转换。为了增强模型的鲁棒性，我们对从原始图像和对抗图像中提取的转换特征进行了有效的对抗训练。此外，我们还整合了主成分分析（PCA）来降低特征维度，从而优化对抗训练过程。在以肺炎和正常病例为重点的胸部 X 光数据集上进行评估时，所提出的机制对不可察觉的攻击表现出了很强的抵御能力，同时保持了 90% 以上的性能保持率。这些结果表明，所提出的机制有潜力在实际的真实世界环境中提高基于 CNN 的医学成像系统的可靠性和安全性。
{"title":"Enhancing resilience against adversarial attacks in medical imaging using advanced feature transformation training","authors":"Danish Vasan , Mohammad Hammoudeh","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a machine learning-driven defense mechanism against adversarial attacks, specifically tailored for medical imaging applications. This mechanism utilizes feature transformation through transfer learning, leveraging a fine-tuned ResNet152V2 network trained on original medical images. To enhance the model's robustness, we apply efficient adversarial training on transformed features extracted from both original and adversarial images. Additionally, we integrate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce feature dimensionality, optimizing the adversarial training process. When evaluated on Chest X-ray datasets, focusing on pneumonia and normal cases, the proposed mechanism demonstrated strong resilience against imperceptible attacks while maintaining a performance retention rate above 90 %. These results show the potential of the proposed mechanism to enhance the reliability and security of CNN-based medical imaging systems in practical, real-world settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100563
Aseer Intisar , Minseok S. Kim
The treatment of intractable neuromuscular diseases (INMDs) via biochemical interventions has remained challenging. Treatments using electrical stimulation (ES), or electroceuticals, can potentially shift the paradigm in the treatment of INMDs, since (1) their localized nature minimizes the risks for systemic side effects and (2) they conform with the innate neuromuscular communication. In addition, the recent developments in electrical interfaces for the neuromuscular system can advance the possibility of the clinical adoption of electroceuticals. In this review, we first introduce the studies that have explored the potential of ES in the treatment or management of INMDs. We then highlight the recent advancements in interfaces to deliver ES to the neuromuscular system, focusing on their miniaturization, flexibility, and non-invasive implantation. This review sheds light on the therapeutic benefits and implementation of electroceuticals toward INMDs and will hopefully encourage further in-depth research that can transform their treatment landscape.
通过生化干预治疗难治性神经肌肉疾病（INMDs）仍然具有挑战性。使用电刺激（ES）或电药物进行治疗有可能改变治疗 INMDs 的模式，因为（1）电刺激的局部性将全身副作用的风险降至最低，（2）电刺激符合神经肌肉的先天交流。此外，神经肌肉系统电接口的最新发展也为电疗法的临床应用提供了可能。在本综述中，我们首先介绍了探索 ES 在治疗或管理 INMDs 方面潜力的研究。然后，我们着重介绍了将 ES 输送到神经肌肉系统的接口的最新进展，重点关注其微型化、灵活性和无创植入。这篇综述揭示了电疗法对 INMDs 的治疗益处和实施情况，希望能鼓励进一步的深入研究，从而改变其治疗格局。
{"title":"The prospect of electroceutical intervention and its implementation toward intractable neuromuscular diseases","authors":"Aseer Intisar , Minseok S. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The treatment of intractable neuromuscular diseases (INMDs) via biochemical interventions has remained challenging. Treatments using electrical stimulation (ES), or electroceuticals, can potentially shift the paradigm in the treatment of INMDs, since (1) their localized nature minimizes the risks for systemic side effects and (2) they conform with the innate neuromuscular communication. In addition, the recent developments in electrical interfaces for the neuromuscular system can advance the possibility of the clinical adoption of electroceuticals. In this review, we first introduce the studies that have explored the potential of ES in the treatment or management of INMDs. We then highlight the recent advancements in interfaces to deliver ES to the neuromuscular system, focusing on their miniaturization, flexibility, and non-invasive implantation. This review sheds light on the therapeutic benefits and implementation of electroceuticals toward INMDs and will hopefully encourage further in-depth research that can transform their treatment landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100563"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-24DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100554
Leah A. Wallach , Connor D. Thomas , Pulin Li
Tissue patterning, the process of localizing different cell types to the right place, is critical for tissue function and thus a central goal for tissue engineering. Developing embryos employ diverse cell interaction-based mechanisms to robustly pattern tissues, such as specifying different regions of the central nervous system and aligning all the hair cells in the inner ear. These events range in lengthscale and must all be specified with cell-level precision, imposing challenges for recreating such patterns in vitro using conventional engineering approaches. Synthetic developmental biology as an emerging field provides a complementary approach for patterning tissues, by harnessing the molecular mechanisms used by natural tissues to program self-organizing behavior of the cells. Here we review advances in adapting these modules to program cells in culture. These modules could potentially be used for biomedical tissue engineering, as a complement to existing methods for generating morphologically complex multi-cell-type tissues in vitro.
{"title":"Synthetically programming natural cell–cell communication pathways for tissue engineering","authors":"Leah A. Wallach , Connor D. Thomas , Pulin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cobme.2024.100554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tissue patterning, the process of localizing different cell types to the right place, is critical for tissue function and thus a central goal for tissue engineering. Developing embryos employ diverse cell interaction-based mechanisms to robustly pattern tissues, such as specifying different regions of the central nervous system and aligning all the hair cells in the inner ear. These events range in lengthscale and must all be specified with cell-level precision, imposing challenges for recreating such patterns <em>in vitro</em> using conventional engineering approaches. Synthetic developmental biology as an emerging field provides a complementary approach for patterning tissues, by harnessing the molecular mechanisms used by natural tissues to program self-organizing behavior of the cells. Here we review advances in adapting these modules to program cells in culture. These modules could potentially be used for biomedical tissue engineering, as a complement to existing methods for generating morphologically complex multi-cell-type tissues <em>in vitro</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36748,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100554"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号