Aquaculture and Fisheries最新文献_第10页

Molecular cloning and expression characteristics of ghrl and ghsr genes in bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) 鳙鱼 ghrl 和 ghsr 基因的分子克隆和表达特征

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2024.01.003

Pan Wang , Jianjun Fu , Mingkun Luo , Xiulan Shi , Wenbin Zhu , Lanmei Wang , Shichang Shu , Zaijie Dong

Ghrelin (ghrl) and its receptor gene ghsr (growth hormone secretagogue receptor) regulate numerous physiological functions, including growth hormone secretion and food intake. In the present study, we investigated the sequences and expression characteristics of these two genes in bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis). The ghrl and ghsr genes encoded 106 and 346 amino acids, respectively, and were 1208 bp and 2239 bp in length. Early blastocysts exhibited the highest levels of ghrl and ghsr expression throughout early development (P < 0.01). The gut exhibited the highest levels of ghrl expression, whereas significantly higher levels of ghsr (P < 0.01) were detected in the brain. Significantly higher levels of ghrl and ghsr expression were detected in the intestine and muscle in summer compared to the levels in winter (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the significantly higher levels of ghrl and ghsr expression were detected in the muscle of individuals with big size compared to the levels of individuals with small size (P < 0.05). In situ hybridization analyses revealed that the intestine ghrl expression signals were more pronounced than intestinal ghsr expression signals, whereas the ghsr expression signals were more intense than those of ghrl in brain tissues. Finally, the co-expression patterns of related genes in the growth hormone synthesis, secretion, and action pathway (ko04935) and the cAMP signaling pathway (ko04024) indicated that ghrl and ghsr potentially regulate feeding and associated energy metabolism activities in bighead carp, in addition to influencing growth performance.

生长素（ghrl）及其受体基因ghsr（生长激素促分泌受体）调节着许多生理功能，包括生长激素分泌和食物摄入。在本研究中，我们研究了这两个基因在鳙鱼（Hypophthalmichthys nobilis）中的序列和表达特征。ghrl和ghsr基因分别编码106和346个氨基酸，长度分别为1208 bp和2239 bp。早期囊胚在整个发育早期表现出最高水平的ghrl和ghsr表达(P <；0.01)。肠道中ghrl的表达水平最高，而ghsr的表达水平则显著升高(P <；0.01)。与冬季相比，夏季肠道和肌肉中ghrl和ghsr的表达水平显著升高(P <；0.05)。此外，体型大的个体肌肉中ghrl和ghsr的表达水平显著高于体型小的个体(P <；0.05)。原位杂交分析表明，ghrl在小肠中的表达信号比ghsr的表达信号更明显，而ghsr在脑组织中的表达信号比ghrl的表达信号更强烈。最后，生长激素合成、分泌和作用通路（ko04935）和cAMP信号通路（ko04024）相关基因的共表达模式表明，ghrl和ghsr除了影响生长性能外，还可能调节鳙鱼的摄食和相关能量代谢活动。

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引用次数: 0

Isolation and purification of antioxidant peptides from swim bladder of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) 从草鱼鳔中分离和纯化抗氧化肽

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.009

Suxin Li , Jinhui Gu , Biluan Zhong , Rui Feng , Hao Pan , Yiyi Liu , Wenzheng Shi

Swim bladder is a kind of material with rich nutritional value, wide access and a good source of collagen. In order to make it more fully utilized and absorbed by human body, using grass carp swim bladder as raw material and alkaline protease-neutral protease to prepare collagen peptide, the degree of hydrolysis can reach 36.91%. The results proved that after purification by ultrafiltration membrane and gel column chromatography, the antioxidant activity of GCP generally increased with the increase of concentration, and the smaller the molecular weight of GCP obtained after separation and purification, the stronger the overall antioxidant activity. Among them, the ABTS⁺ scavenging rate of GCP with a certain molecular weight was 88.64%. Moreover, GCP also has good SOD scavenging ability and ferrous ion chelating ability. The total antioxidant activity of GCP-II purified by G15 gel column is great, for it exerts considerable antioxidant capacity at a lower concentration.

鱼鳔是一种营养价值丰富、获取途径广泛的物质，是胶原蛋白的良好来源。为使其更充分地被人体利用和吸收，以草鱼鱼鳔为原料，采用碱性蛋白酶-中性蛋白酶制备胶原肽，水解度可达36.91%。结果证明，经超滤膜和凝胶柱层析纯化后，GCP的抗氧化活性普遍随浓度的增加而增加，分离纯化后得到的GCP分子量越小，整体抗氧化活性越强。其中，具有一定分子量的GCP的ABTS+清除率为88.64%。此外，GCP还具有良好的SOD清除能力和铁离子螯合能力。G15凝胶柱纯化的GCP-II总抗氧化活性高，在较低浓度下也具有相当的抗氧化能力。

引用次数: 0

The difference of the composition and digestive enzymes of gut microbiome in herbivorous blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) and carnivorous largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) 草食性钝吻鳊（Megalobrama amblycephala）和肉食性大口鲈鱼（Micropterus salmoides）肠道微生物组的组成和消化酶的差异

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2024.01.002

Lin Yu, Zihao Yuan, Xin Huang, Zexia Gao, Han Liu

Blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) are a herbivorous and a carnivorous freshwater fish species respectively. These fish possess distinct intestinal microorganisms and digestive enzymes that play a vital role in nutrient digestion. As a result, herbivorous and carnivorous fish exhibit significant differences in their digestive strategies. In this study, we investigated the compositions and functions of the gut flora of herbivorous M. amblycephala and carnivorous M. salmoides by 16S rRNA sequencing. PCoA analysis revealed that the gut flora of M. amblycephala and M. salmoides formed two distinct clusters. OTU analysis found that M. amblycephala and M. salmoides shared a small number, but high abundance, of core microorganisms, and that a large number of microorganisms differed at the phylum and genus levels between the two species. The cellulose-degrading bacteria Longivirga, Flavobacterium, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12, and Bacillus were dominant in M. amblycephala, while protein-degrading bacteria Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Lactococcus, Streptococcus and Proteiniclasticum were dominant in M. salmoides. PICRUSt analysis showed significant differences in carbohydrate and protein metabolism functions as well. In addition, cellulase and amylase activities were significantly higher in M. amblycephala than in M. salmoides, while trypsin activity was significantly higher in M. salmoides than in M. amblycephala. These results indicated that dietary patterns influenced the composition and function of the bacterial community and the activity of digestive enzymes in the host’s gut.

钝口鲷（Megalobrama amblycephala）和大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）分别是草食性和肉食性淡水鱼种。这些鱼拥有独特的肠道微生物和消化酶，在营养物质的消化中起着至关重要的作用。因此，草食性和肉食性鱼类在消化策略上表现出显著的差异。本研究采用16S rRNA测序技术，对草食性双头棘球绦虫和肉食性棘球绦虫肠道菌群的组成和功能进行了研究。PCoA分析显示，两种肠道菌群形成两个不同的集群。OTU分析发现，两种真菌的核心微生物共享数量少，但丰度高，在门和属水平上存在大量差异。纤维降解菌为Longivirga、Flavobacterium、Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12和Bacillus，蛋白质降解菌为Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1、Lactococcus、Streptococcus和Proteiniclasticum。PICRUSt分析也显示了碳水化合物和蛋白质代谢功能的显著差异。纤维素酶和淀粉酶活性显著高于双头棘球蚴，胰蛋白酶活性显著高于双头棘球蚴。这些结果表明，饲粮模式影响了宿主肠道细菌群落的组成和功能以及消化酶的活性。

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引用次数: 0

Chitosan-based biodegradable coatings for securing nutrients in extruded fish feed pellets 壳聚糖基可生物降解涂层，用于确保挤压鱼饲料颗粒中的营养物质

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2025.04.001

Evmorfia Athanasopoulou , Sophia Mitsoula , Arkadios Dimitroglou , Theofania Tsironi

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a biodegradable chitosan-based coating on the quality parameters of sinking fish feed. The feed pellets had a diameter of 5 mm and were coated with 1 % and 2 % chitosan. Coated and uncoated (control) pellets were evaluated for their dimensions (length, diameter), weight, sinking velocity, floatability, hardness and water absorption index. Vitamin C loss during sinking in artificial sea water was kinetically modelled using Fick's 2nd law. The coatings reduced the loss of vitamin C when the pellets were immersed in seawater, the diffusion coefficients for vitamin C loss were calculated to 1.10×10⁻¹⁰, 4.50×10⁻¹¹, and 1.20×10^–¹¹ m²/s for uncoated pellets, pellets coated with 1 % and 2 % chitosan, respectively. In addition, the chitosan coating led to a significant decrease in the water solubility index, to 26.87 %, 11.53 % and 9.91 % for control samples and pellets coated with 1 % and 2 % chitosan, respectively. However, chitosan coating increased the water activity of the pellets and resulted in a darker colour compared to the control pellets (lower lightness). The research demonstrated that the application of chitosan as a biodegradable coating may significantly reduce nutrient loss in water during sinking without affecting the main physical and mechanical properties of the pellets.

本研究的目的是评价可生物降解壳聚糖涂层对沉鱼饲料质量参数的影响。饲料颗粒直径为5mm，包被1%和2%壳聚糖。对包覆和未包覆（对照）球团的尺寸（长度、直径）、重量、下沉速度、可浮性、硬度和吸水指数进行评价。利用菲克第二定律对人工海水中维生素C的损失进行了动力学模拟。壳聚糖包覆降低了微丸在海水中维生素C的损失，未包覆、壳聚糖包覆1%和2%的微丸的维生素C损失扩散系数分别为1.10×10−10、4.50×10−11和1.20×10-11 m2/s。壳聚糖包覆后，样品的水溶性指数显著降低，1%壳聚糖包覆后为26.87%，1%壳聚糖包覆后为11.53%，2%壳聚糖包覆后为9.91%。然而，壳聚糖涂层增加了颗粒的水活性，导致与对照颗粒相比颜色更深（亮度更低）。研究表明，壳聚糖作为生物可降解涂层，在不影响球团主要物理力学性能的情况下，可显著减少球团在下沉过程中水分的流失。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of dietary flavone on growth performance and Omics profiles of Litopenaeus vannamei under high-temperature 饲料中添加黄酮对高温条件下凡纳滨对虾生长性能和组学特征的影响

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2025.02.003

Igwe James Abraham , Chengzhang Huang , Huirong Lv , Xiaolong Yin , Jungyeol Park , Yang Gao , Junwook Hur

This 60-day culture trial was conducted to investigate the effects of flavone on the growth performance and intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei at high temperatures utilizing transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. A total of 240 healthy shrimp (Average weight 2.62 ± 0.06 g) were administered diets containing four different levels of flavone: 0 g/kg (control), 5 g/kg (FLV1), 10 g/kg (FLV2) and 15 g/kg (FLV3). Intestine and hepatopancreas tissues from the control and treatment groups were analyzed for changes in microbiota, transcriptome and metabolome. Shrimps fed with an experimental diet exhibited a significant increase in growth performance indices compared to the control group. The most efficient feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded in the FLV2 group compared to other groups, proving the efficacy of flavone as an additive. Specifically, the thermal tolerance test revealed an increase in the survival rates of shrimps fed an enriched diet compared to the control group. The result also showed that the survival rate decreased as the temperature reached 40 °C. The intestinal microbiome composition showed a significant increase in the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. The transcriptomic analysis highlighted the up-regulation of Glutathione S-transferase and pancreatic lipase-related protein, while the macrophage mannose receptor and Maltase-glucoamylase expression was down-regulated. Metabolomic analysis identified 4 393 significantly differing metabolites, of which 966 were upregulated and 1 279 downregulated. The integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis identified upregulated genes (gk, ar, dgk, gpat3, agpat-1, gplat1, pnpla2, and plrp2) in the glycerolipid metabolism pathway responsible for lipid metabolism. Dietary flavone played a significant role in growth performance, intestinal health and physiology of Litopenaeus vannamei.

本试验旨在通过转录组学和代谢组学分析，研究黄酮对高温条件下凡纳滨对虾生长性能和肠道菌群的影响。选取平均体重2.62±0.06 g的健康对虾240只，分别饲喂0 g/kg（对照）、5 g/kg （FLV1）、10 g/kg （FLV2）和15 g/kg (FLV3) 4种不同水平的黄酮饲料。分析对照组和治疗组的肠道和肝胰腺组织的微生物群、转录组和代谢组的变化。饲喂试验饲料的对虾的生长性能指标均显著高于对照组。与其他各组相比，FLV2组的饲料系数最高，证明了黄酮作为添加剂的有效性。具体来说，热耐受性测试显示，与对照组相比，喂食强化饮食的虾的存活率有所增加。结果还表明，当温度达到40℃时，成活率下降。肠道菌群组成显示厚壁菌门和放线菌门的丰度显著增加。转录组学分析显示谷胱甘肽s转移酶和胰脂肪酶相关蛋白表达上调，而巨噬细胞甘露糖受体和麦芽糖淀粉酶表达下调。代谢组学分析鉴定出4 393种差异显著的代谢物，其中966种表达上调，1 279种表达下调。综合转录组学和代谢组学分析确定了甘油脂代谢途径中负责脂质代谢的上调基因（gk、ar、dgk、gpat3、agpat-1、gplat1、pnpla2和plrp2）。饲料中添加黄酮对凡纳滨对虾的生长性能、肠道健康和生理有重要影响。

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引用次数: 0

Black scabbardfish (Aphanopus carbo) longline fishery off the Portuguese continental coast: Spatial information in support of deep-sea fisheries regulations 葡萄牙大陆海岸外延绳钓黑鞘鱼：支持深海渔业法规的空间信息

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2025.02.002

Aida Campos , Pedro Leitão , Luís Sousa , Victor Henriques

The main objective of this study is to provide, for the first time, fisheries-dependent, spatially explicit information on the activity for the black scabbard fish (Aphanopus carbo) longline fleet operating off the Portuguese coast. Fisheries monitoring data were analysed, covering the period 2014–2016, aiming at identifying deep-sea fishing grounds, gaining a better understanding of the fleet spatial dynamics, quantifying fishing effort and providing information on the species distribution and abundance. E-logbooks were used to define general patterns of fishing activity, while the combined analysis of Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) and Automatic Identification System (AIS) data allowed to spatially identify fishing trips and define haul-back trajectories corresponding to fishing events. A total of 19 vessels were found to be involved in this fishery, mainly operating at depths from 1000 to 1500 m, landing the black scabbard fish in two main ports located in the centre and three secondary ports in the northern region. Fishing effort and catch per unit of effort (CPUE) were estimated and mapped for the period in study and the geographic extension of the fishery in the Portuguese continental slope was highlighted. Vessels keep their activity spatially restricted, in a clear strategy to avoid competition; their areas of activity are contiguous and generally related to the closest port. Some recommendations are drawn in support of a continuous monitoring programme for this fishery.

本研究的主要目的是首次提供在葡萄牙海岸外作业的黑鞘鱼（Aphanopus carbo）延绳钓船队活动的依赖渔业的空间明确信息。分析了2014-2016年期间的渔业监测数据，旨在确定深海渔场，更好地了解船队的空间动态，量化捕捞努力量，并提供有关物种分布和丰度的信息。电子日志用于定义捕捞活动的一般模式，而船舶监测系统（VMS）和自动识别系统（AIS）数据的组合分析允许在空间上识别捕捞行程并定义与捕捞事件相对应的拖回轨迹。共有19艘船只被发现参与了这项渔业，主要在1000至1500米的深度作业，在位于中部的两个主要港口和北部地区的三个次要港口装卸黑鞘鱼。对研究期间的渔获量和单位渔获量进行了估计和绘制，并强调了葡萄牙大陆斜坡渔业的地理扩展。船舶保持其活动空间上的限制，以明确的策略避免竞争；他们的活动区域是连续的，通常与最近的港口有关。提出了一些建议，支持对这种渔业进行持续监测方案。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in Acipenser ruthenus liver structure during domestication: Preliminary data 粗斑鲟在驯化过程中肝脏结构的变化：初步数据

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2025.03.002

Nataliia Matviienko , Danguole Montvydienė , Nijole Kazlauskienė , Živilė Jurgelėnė , Alexander Didenko , Mykhailo Koziy

Wild sturgeon populations have declined dramatically worldwide due to habitat degradation, such as river fragmentation, caused by anthropogenic pressures including legal and illegal overfishing and pollution. Rearing and releasing juvenile fish into natural water bodies is one method to restore biological resources. This study aimed to: (1) examine the spectrum of conditionally pathogenic bacteria causing pathological processes in domesticated sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758); (2) investigate the effects of pathogenic bacteria on fish internal organs using combined histological techniques for tissue treatment; (3) identify tissues as biomarkers for assessing the impact of bacterial co-infection in sturgeon; and (4)evaluate the role of these infections in fish domestication. Liver damage was the primary clinical manifestation during co-bacterial infection in all tested fish. Additionally, shifts in liver cell functions and cytological characteristics were observed.

由于合法和非法的过度捕捞和污染等人为压力造成的栖息地退化，例如河流破碎，世界范围内的野生鲟鱼数量急剧下降。将幼鱼放归自然水体是恢复生物资源的一种方法。本研究的目的是：(1)研究引起家养小鱼（acpenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758）病理过程的条条性致病菌谱；(2)采用联合组织学技术研究病原菌对鱼类内脏器官的影响；(3)鉴定组织作为评估细菌共感染对鲟鱼影响的生物标志物；(4)评价这些传染病在鱼类驯化中的作用。肝损害是所有受试鱼共菌感染期间的主要临床表现。此外，观察到肝细胞功能和细胞学特征的变化。

引用次数: 0

Triggering compensatory growth by completely replacing fishmeal with novel protein sources in the diets of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides): Effects on growth performance and liver health 用新型蛋白质源完全替代鱼粉触发大口黑鲈幼鱼代偿性生长：对生长性能和肝脏健康的影响

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2025.03.001

Yu Wang , Lukuan Li , Yanqing Huang , Chunfang Wang

To trigger compensatory growth (CG) with novel protein sources in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (initial weight: 4.73 ± 0.04 g), Chlorella (Chlorella vulgaris, ChM), cottonseed protein concentrate (CSM), Clostridium autoethanogenum (CAP) and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor, TM) were applied to completely substitute fishmeal in the diet during a four-week dietary restriction phase (the first phase). After being refed with fishmeal (FM) diet for the next four weeks (the second phase), the growth performance, proximate composition, biochemical parameters and liver condition of treatment groups (denoted as ChM, CSM, CAP, TM group, respectively) were assessed and compared with the control group (denoted as FM group), which was consistently fed with fishmeal diets. All groups exhibited different responses during restriction and refeeding phases. The CSM, CAP, and TM groups experienced initial growth reduction followed by accelerated growth, whereas the ChM group maintained steady growth. Compensation coefficient results indicated that only ChM and CSM groups achieved compensatory growth, although there was still a gap in final weight compared with FM group. Regarding the liver condition, histopathological analysis and biochemical parameters revealed a gradual increase in lipid accumulation in the FM group during the second phase, accompanied by slowing growth. The CSM, CAP, TM groups showed varying degrees of liver injury, with the CAP group exhibiting elevated serum transaminase (ALT and AST) activity and a dramatically higher content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver. Conversely, the ChM group possessed healthier livers, characterized by active antioxidative capacity and low content of total triglyceride (TG). Meanwhile, abnormal lipid deposition and different amino acid content were observed throughout the FM group, potentially affecting the fish quality compared with the ChM group. Overall, the results demonstrated the feasibility and potential of triggering compensatory growth by completely replacing fishmeal with Chlorella, which exhibited the showed superior performance among novel protein sources.

为促进初生体重为4.73±0.04 g的大嘴黑鲈幼鱼的代偿性生长（CG），在为期四周的限饲期（第一阶段），用小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris, ChM）、棉籽浓缩蛋白（CSM）、自产乙醇梭菌（CAP）和黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitor， TM）完全替代鱼粉。在连续4周（第二阶段）饲喂鱼粉饲料后，评估各处理组（分别称为ChM、CSM、CAP、TM组）的生长性能、近似组成、生化参数和肝脏状况，并与连续饲喂鱼粉饲料的对照组（称为FM组）进行比较。各组在限食期和复食期表现出不同的反应。CSM组、CAP组和TM组的生长先减慢后加速，而ChM组则保持稳定的生长。补偿系数结果表明，虽然最终体重与鱼粉组相比仍有差距，但只有中草药和中草药组实现了补偿性生长。肝脏情况方面，组织病理学分析和生化指标显示，第二阶段鱼粉组脂质积累逐渐增加，并伴有生长放缓。CSM、CAP、TM组均表现出不同程度的肝损伤，CAP组血清转氨酶（ALT）和AST活性升高，肝脏丙二醛（MDA）含量显著升高。相反，ChM组肝脏健康，抗氧化能力强，总甘油三酯（TG）含量低。同时，与中药组相比，整个鱼粉组都出现了异常的脂肪沉积和不同的氨基酸含量，这可能会影响鱼的品质。综上所述，小球藻完全替代鱼粉触发补偿性生长的可行性和潜力，在新型蛋白质来源中表现出优越的性能。

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引用次数: 0

Virulence, antimicrobial resistance characteristics, and intestinal microbial composition changes of Vibrio isolated from a Macrobrachium rosenbergii aquaculture system 罗氏沼虾养殖系统分离弧菌的毒力、耐药性特征及肠道微生物组成变化

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2025.03.003

Rui Tang , Yijie Wu , Ninghui Wang , Na Zhou , Liming Huang , Shengming Sun

During the breeding period of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, disease caused by Vibrio can cause cross water transmission because of their transfer between different breeding ponds at different breeding stages. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance risk, virulence, and population distribution four major pathogenic Vibrio species in the M. rosenbergii aquaculture system, and to explore the impact of Vibrio challenge on the intestinal health of M. rosenbergii. We isolated 391 bacterial strains from prawns, aquaculture water, and biological bait samples, 296 of which were identified as Vibrio using 16S rDNA sequencing. The main species included Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, V. harveyi, and V. cholerae. We detected six virulence genes among the four species. In the four species, the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index ranged from 0.13 to 0.69, and 23.2% of the strains had MAR lower than 0.2. However, the antibiotic resistance pattern abundance index ranged from 0.16 to 0.29, showing homogeneity of Vibrio antibiotic phenotypes. The resistance quotient analysis showed that the dominant Vibrio had low or no resistance selection pressure under doxycycline, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. We detected only six resistance genes, and some resistance genotypes did not match the phenotypes. Upon Vibrio infection, the intestinal microbial community structure of M. rosenbergii changed, the intestinal barrier function was damaged, and the intestinal tissue showed structural damage. These findings provide data support for tracking infectious diseases in aquatic systems in China.

在罗氏沼虾繁殖期，由于弧菌在不同养殖阶段在不同养殖池之间的转移，导致弧菌引起的疾病可发生跨水传播。因此，本研究旨在评估罗氏沼虾养殖系统中4种主要致病性弧菌的抗生素耐药风险、毒力及种群分布，探讨弧菌攻毒对罗氏沼虾肠道健康的影响。从对虾、水产养殖水和生物饵料样品中分离到391株细菌，其中296株经16S rDNA测序鉴定为弧菌。主要菌种为副溶血性弧菌、溶藻弧菌、哈维弧菌和霍乱弧菌。我们在4个物种中检测到6个毒力基因。4种菌株的多重抗生素耐药指数（MAR）在0.13 ~ 0.69之间，23.2%的菌株MAR低于0.2。然而，抗生素耐药模式丰度指数在0.16 ~ 0.29之间，显示弧菌抗生素表型的同质性。抗性商数分析显示优势弧菌对强力霉素、恩诺沙星、四环素和环丙沙星的抗性选择压力低或无。我们只检测到6个抗性基因，并且一些抗性基因型与表型不匹配。感染弧菌后，罗氏m.r obergii肠道微生物群落结构发生改变，肠道屏障功能受损，肠道组织结构受损。这些发现为追踪中国水生系统传染病提供了数据支持。

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引用次数: 0

Altered bacterial-fungal balance in the intestine of bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) with enteritis 牛蛙肠炎患者肠道细菌-真菌平衡的改变

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Aquaculture and Fisheries

Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2025.01.006

Dongdong Wei , Ke Ke , Shuangyan Xiao , Qing Yu , Jingu Shi , Shuyu Han , Xiaohua Lu , Zhongbao Guo , Xu Xia , Ming Chen , Jianming Li , Pengfei Li

The present study aimed to elucidate the relationship between gut microbiota composition and enteritis in bullfrogs, which is a species of significant economic value in aquaculture. By comparing the gut microbiota of healthy bullfrogs (HG), bullfrogs with enteritis (DG), and bullfrogs in the wild (WG), we sought to identify the microbial community changes associated with enteritis and understand the dynamics of bacterial and fungal interactions in different environments. Utilizing high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and ITS amplicons, we analyzed the gut microbiota of the three groups. Our findings showed that the Shannon index of bacterial communities in diseased bullfrogs was lower than that in healthy ones. Dominant bacterial phyla such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes had varying abundances among the groups. Opportunistic pathogens like Aeromonas and Vibrio were enriched in DG, while beneficial bacteria were more abundant in HG. The bacterial network complexity is the highest in the WG group, the fungal network complexity is the highest in the HG group, and the complexity of bacteria-fungus network interaction is the highest in the DG group. Our research demonstrates significant alterations in the gut microbiota composition and interactions in bullfrogs with enteritis. The findings highlight the importance of maintaining a balanced microbial community in the gut to prevent enteritis. This study provides foundational insights into the microbial ecology of bullfrog intestines and offers potential strategies for managing and preventing enteritis in bullfrog aquaculture. This study reveals the microbial shifts in bullfrog intestines associated with enteritis, showing a disrupted bacterial and fungal balance that exacerbates disease. By identifying the enriched pathogens and the reduced beneficial bacteria in diseased bullfrogs, our research underscores the critical role of gut microbiota in health and disease. These insights are essential for developing targeted interventions to restore the microbial balance and prevent enteritis in bullfrog aquaculture, thereby enhancing economic sustainability.

牛蛙是一种在水产养殖中具有重要经济价值的物种，本研究旨在阐明牛蛙肠道菌群组成与肠炎的关系。通过比较健康牛蛙（HG）、患肠炎牛蛙（DG）和野生牛蛙（WG）的肠道微生物群，我们试图确定与肠炎相关的微生物群落变化，并了解不同环境下细菌和真菌相互作用的动态。利用16S rRNA基因和ITS扩增子的高通量测序，我们分析了三组小鼠的肠道微生物群。结果表明，患病牛蛙的菌群Shannon指数低于健康牛蛙。优势菌门，如变形菌门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门，在不同的组中有不同的丰度。DG中富含气单胞菌、弧菌等条件致病菌，HG中有益菌更为丰富，细菌网络复杂性以WG组最高，真菌网络复杂性以HG组最高，菌菌网络相互作用复杂性以DG组最高。我们的研究表明牛蛙患肠炎后肠道菌群组成和相互作用发生了显著变化。研究结果强调了维持肠道微生物群落平衡对预防肠炎的重要性。本研究为牛蛙肠道微生物生态学提供了基础见解，并为牛蛙养殖中管理和预防肠炎提供了潜在的策略。这项研究揭示了牛蛙肠道中与肠炎相关的微生物变化，显示出细菌和真菌平衡被破坏，从而加剧了疾病。通过鉴定患病牛蛙中富集的病原体和减少的有益细菌，我们的研究强调了肠道微生物群在健康和疾病中的关键作用。这些见解对于制定有针对性的干预措施以恢复牛蛙养殖中的微生物平衡和预防肠炎至关重要，从而提高经济可持续性。

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引用次数: 0