Energy Conversion and Management-X最新文献_第3页

A thermoelectric generation-cooling system for enhancing heat dissipation: Optimization by Taguchi method with/without Thomson effect 一种增强散热的热电发电冷却系统：带/不带汤姆逊效应的田口法优化

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101617

Wei-Hsin Chen , Wei-Cheng Bai , Ding Luo , Liwen Jin , Alvin B. Culaba , Jo-Shu Chang

Efficient thermal management is essential for the performance and reliability of compact energy and electronic systems. This study proposes a self-powered thermoelectric generation-cooling (TEG-TEC) system that integrates a thermoelectric generator (TEG) with a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) to enhance heat dissipation using only available waste heat. The TEG converts part of the temperature difference into electrical power that directly drives the TEC, eliminating the need for external electricity. A Taguchi-based three-dimensional numerical model is employed to optimize four design factors: TEC thermoelectric couples, heat-transfer surface area, element length, and convection coefficient, each at four levels. An L16 orthogonal array requires only 16 simulations to explore the design space. Under the prescribed thermal boundary conditions, the optimized configuration achieves a maximum cooling capacity of 53.91 W, whereas a standalone TEG module delivers only 0.99 W. The internal power-amplification coefficient of performance, defined as COP_P =

Q_{C, T E G} / P_{TEG}

, reaches 50.38 for the best self-powered loop. In addition, the maximum thermal stress in the TEG module is reduced from 957.46 MPa in the standalone case to 936.69 MPa with the coupled TEG-TEC configuration, improving mechanical reliability. The Thomson effect reduces cooling performance by approximately 45%, underscoring the importance of incorporating Thomson heating into accurate TEG-TEC modeling. The proposed TEG-TEC configuration thus provides a compact, energy-efficient solution for low-load, space-constrained cooling while conceptually bridging waste-heat-driven power generation and active thermoelectric cooling.

高效的热管理对于紧凑型能源和电子系统的性能和可靠性至关重要。本研究提出了一种自供电热电发电-冷却（TEG-TEC）系统，该系统将热电发电机（TEG）与热电冷却器（TEC）集成在一起，仅利用可用的余热来增强散热。TEG将部分温差转换成电能，直接驱动TEC，无需外部电力。采用基于田口的三维数值模型对TEC热电偶、传热表面积、元件长度和对流系数四个设计因素进行了四个层面的优化。L16正交阵列只需要16次模拟来探索设计空间。在规定的热边界条件下，优化配置的最大制冷量为53.91 W，而独立的TEG模块的制冷量仅为0.99 W。最佳自供电回路的内部功率放大性能系数为COPP = QC,TEG/PTEG，达到50.38。此外，TEG模块的最大热应力从独立情况下的957.46 MPa降低到耦合TEG- tec配置下的936.69 MPa，提高了机械可靠性。汤姆逊效应降低了大约45%的冷却性能，强调了将汤姆逊加热纳入精确的TEG-TEC建模的重要性。因此，拟议的TEG-TEC配置为低负荷、空间受限的冷却提供了一种紧凑、节能的解决方案，同时在概念上连接了废热驱动发电和主动热电冷却。

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引用次数: 0

On the critical battery electrochemical parameters across different phases of a single discharge process using a transformer framework 基于变压器框架的单次放电过程中不同阶段的关键电池电化学参数研究

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101629

Chi-Jyun Ko, Cheng-Hsi Tien, Kuo-Ching Chen, Chih-Hung Chen

Accurate characterization of electrochemical parameters is critical for interpreting the time- and frequency-domain responses of energy conversion devices and for enabling precise, efficient, and controllable management. In the context of lithium-ion batteries, this study introduces a deep learning (DL) framework using electrochemically derived simulation data to predict discharge curves and to distinguish the dominant internal electrochemical parameters for each of the three constant-current stages. Extracting attention weights from the transformer encoder helps identify the most influential parameters at each stage. Our study reveals subtle variations in the key electrochemical parameters that control discharge across different time-evolution stages. During the early stage of discharge, the behavior is mainly governed by positive-electrode parameters, such as the volume fraction of active material and the maximum concentration in the positive electrode. As the discharge progresses, however, negative-electrode parameters—particularly, the volume fraction of active material in the negative electrode, become increasingly influential. These outcomes are further verified through two additional operations: Sobol-based global sensitivity analysis and Shapley additive explanations. This DL framework reproduces the time-dependent battery behavior during a single discharge while elucidating the relationship between electrochemical parameters and battery response, thereby enabling efficient parameter assessment or identification and rational voltage-window selection for battery applications.

电化学参数的准确表征对于解释能量转换装置的时域和频域响应以及实现精确、高效和可控的管理至关重要。在锂离子电池的背景下，本研究引入了一个深度学习（DL）框架，使用电化学衍生的模拟数据来预测放电曲线，并区分三个恒流阶段中每个阶段的主要内部电化学参数。从变压器编码器中提取注意力权重有助于识别每个阶段最具影响力的参数。我们的研究揭示了控制放电的关键电化学参数在不同时间演化阶段的细微变化。在放电初期，放电行为主要受正极参数的影响，如活性物质的体积分数和正极中的最大浓度。然而，随着放电的进行，负极参数，特别是负极中活性物质的体积分数的影响越来越大。这些结果通过两个额外的操作进一步验证：基于sobol的全局敏感性分析和Shapley加性解释。该DL框架再现了单次放电过程中随时间变化的电池行为，同时阐明了电化学参数与电池响应之间的关系，从而实现了电池应用中有效的参数评估或识别以及合理的电压窗选择。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning-driven building energy optimization: integrating EnsembleXGBoost sensitivity analysis with meta-heuristic algorithms and carbon economics 机器学习驱动的建筑能源优化：将EnsembleXGBoost敏感性分析与元启发式算法和碳经济学相结合

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101619

Mahdi Asghari, Melika Jahangiri, Khosro Ashrafi

While recent building optimization studies achieve significant energy reductions, they often overlook two critical gaps: (1) proceeding on fixed, non-optimized building geometries, and (2) using machine learning (ML) solely as computational surrogates rather than strategic optimization guides. This study introduces a novel four-stage framework that establishes formalized procedural linkages, with each stage systematically informing subsequent decisions. The methodology integrates Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) for geometric baseline establishment, a robust EnsembleXGBoost-SHAP sensitivity analysis (SA), NSGA-II for targeted multi-objective parameter optimization, and ASHRAE standards implementation. The EnsembleXGBoost model demonstrated superior predictive accuracy (R²: 0.973–0.995), a finding statistically confirmed by paired t-tests (p < 0.002) and bootstrap stability analysis (CV < 0.12). Critically, validated SHAP insights—identifying key drivers (Infiltration, External Wall, Lighting, Heating Setpoint) accounting for ∼ 80% of performance variation—were used to formally define and constrain the NSGA-II decision variables, transforming SA from an interpretative endpoint to an optimization input. This integrated approach achieved a 59.4% reduction in total operational energy (rounded to 60.0%) across cumulative stages (GWO: 3.95%, NSGA-II: 49.7%, ASHRAE: 15.9%). The plausibility of this reduction is supported by validating the reference building’s baseline EUI (163.98 kWh/m2/year) against regional literature and the technical feasibility of the optimized parameters (U-value 0.09 W/m2K, Infiltration 0.2 ac/h) against empirical studies. Furthermore, the framework simultaneously improved occupant thermal comfort (average PMV improved from −0.75 to −0.15). A comparative economic scenario analysis revealed stark market-dependent viability: US market conditions supported positive NPV by the 16th year (WCP), while subsidized Iranian markets required carbon pricing mechanisms to achieve viability (36th year). The framework advances building optimization by bridging the disconnect between ML-based sensitivity analysis and multi-objective optimization while demonstrating that preliminary geometric optimization significantly improves parametric optimization baselines.

虽然最近的建筑优化研究取得了显著的节能效果，但它们往往忽略了两个关键的差距：(1)继续进行固定的、非优化的建筑几何形状；(2)仅使用机器学习（ML）作为计算替代品，而不是战略优化指南。本研究引入了一个新的四阶段框架，该框架建立了形式化的程序联系，每个阶段系统地为后续决策提供信息。该方法集成了用于几何基线建立的灰狼优化（GWO）、稳健的EnsembleXGBoost-SHAP灵敏度分析（SA）、用于目标多目标参数优化的NSGA-II以及ASHRAE标准的实施。EnsembleXGBoost模型显示出优越的预测准确性（R2: 0.973-0.995），配对t检验（p < 0.002）和bootstrap稳定性分析（CV < 0.12）在统计学上证实了这一发现。至关重要的是，经过验证的SHAP见解-确定占性能变化约80%的关键驱动因素（渗透，外墙，照明，加热设定值）-用于正式定义和约束NSGA-II决策变量，将SA从解释性端点转换为优化输入。这种综合方法在累积阶段（GWO: 3.95%, NSGA-II: 49.7%, ASHRAE: 15.9%）中实现了59.4%的总作业能耗降低（约为60.0%）。通过对照区域文献验证参考建筑的基线EUI （163.98 kWh/m2/年），以及对照实证研究验证优化参数（u值0.09 W/m2K，入渗0.2 ac/h）的技术可行性，支持了这种减少的合理性。此外，该框架同时提高了乘员的热舒适性（平均PMV从- 0.75提高到- 0.15）。一项比较经济情景分析显示了明显的市场依赖可行性：美国市场条件在第16年（WCP）支持正净现值，而补贴伊朗市场需要碳定价机制才能实现可行性（第36年）。该框架通过弥合基于ml的灵敏度分析和多目标优化之间的脱节来推进建筑优化，同时表明初步几何优化显着提高了参数优化基线。

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引用次数: 0

Topology-variable-based reliability modeling for optimal smart switch deployment in flexible distribution networks with Scenario-Based parallel progressive hedging algorithm 基于场景并行渐进式套期保值算法的柔性配电网智能交换机优化部署拓扑变量可靠性建模

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101596

Ziyao Wang , Tao Yu , Pengyi Fan , Minghao Wang

In flexible distribution networks (FDNs), the placement of smart switches, including circuit breakers (CBs), remote-controlled switches (RCSs), and soft open points (SOPs), substantially impacts fault propagation, isolation, and service restoration, thus influencing system reliability indices. Existing research, however, does not explicitly model the relationship between smart switch placement in FDNs as topological decision variables and these reliability indices. As a result, switch placement and reliability assessment remain an “open-loop” process requiring multiple iterations, which cannot guarantee optimality under reliability constraints or objectives. To address this issue, this paper proposes a topology-variable-based reliability modeling framework for optimizing smart switch placement, which integrates CB, RCS, and SOP, and explicitly links system reliability indices (ASAI, SAIDI, SAIFI, EENS) with smart switch placement decisions. The proposed optimization-based reliability model is developed to capture the synergistic effects of these switches across fault detection (FD), fault isolation (FI), and service restoration (SR) phases, embedding dynamic topology changes and power flow control into a two-stage stochastic mixed-integer programming formulation considering multiple fault scenarios. To solve this complex model efficiently, a scenario-aware element-wise progressive hedging (SEW-PH) algorithm is introduced, leveraging adaptive parameter strategies to decouple multi-scenario computations and accelerate convergence. Case studies reveal that joint deployment of CBs, RCSs, and SOPs in FDNs further enhances reliability indices beyond traditional switch deployment strategy, attributed to SOP’s rapid fault isolation and power flow control—delivering superior cost-effectiveness and comprehensive performance in high-reliability scenarios. Compared to heuristic optimization that fall under open-loop reliability-aware planning frameworks, the proposed close-loop reliability-aware smart switch deployment framework ensures high solving efficiency while improving solution optimality, with the SEW-PH algorithm further accelerating model solving.

在柔性配电网中，智能开关（如断路器、遥控开关、软开点等）的配置对故障传播、隔离和业务恢复等方面的影响很大，从而影响系统的可靠性指标。然而，现有的研究并没有明确地将fdn中的智能开关放置作为拓扑决策变量与这些可靠性指标之间的关系建模。因此，开关放置和可靠性评估仍然是一个需要多次迭代的“开环”过程，无法保证可靠性约束或目标下的最优性。为了解决这一问题，本文提出了一种基于拓扑变量的可靠性建模框架，该框架集成了CB、RCS和SOP，并将系统可靠性指标（ASAI、SAIDI、SAIFI、EENS）与智能交换机放置决策明确地联系起来。提出了基于优化的可靠性模型，以捕捉这些交换机在故障检测（FD）、故障隔离（FI）和业务恢复（SR）阶段的协同效应，将动态拓扑变化和功率流控制嵌入到考虑多种故障场景的两阶段随机混合整数规划公式中。为了有效地解决这个复杂的模型，引入了一种场景感知元素明智渐进对冲（SEW-PH）算法，利用自适应参数策略来解耦多场景计算并加速收敛。案例研究表明，在fdn中联合部署cb、RCSs和SOP进一步提高了可靠性指标，超越了传统的交换机部署策略，这归功于SOP的快速故障隔离和功率流控制，在高可靠性场景下提供了卓越的成本效益和综合性能。与开环可靠性感知规划框架下的启发式优化相比，本文提出的闭环可靠性感知智能交换机部署框架在提高求解效率的同时提高了解的最优性，其中SEW-PH算法进一步加快了模型求解速度。

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引用次数: 0

A framework for political risk management and its application to the German-West African green hydrogen activities 政治风险管理框架及其在德国-西非绿色氢活动中的应用

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101636

Marcel Kottrup, Peter Letmathe

The management of political risk is becoming an increasingly important topic for international businesses. Although the detrimental effects of political risk on international business have been the subject of studies for decades, strategies for mitigating such effects remain underresearched as well as specific tools to manage the relationships between firms and host governments. Methodologically this review article draws upon the combination of a semi-systematic literature review with a qualitative content analysis that examines 81 research papers. The synthesized findings provide an advanced framework for political risk management that includes the four key strategic directions: (i) improve the institutional framework, (ii) reduce transaction costs, (iii) manage external dependencies, and (iv) develop internal resources and capabilities. Under each key strategy, specific actor-based tools for firms and governments to manage and mitigate political risk were identified. Such tools and strategies are illustrated through the use case of German-West African green hydrogen activities as countries with a high renewable energy potential are exposed to higher levels of political risk. This review contributes a comprehensive, transferable, actor-based framework for political risk management that can serve as a guideline for firms and as hands-on guidance for policymakers.

政治风险管理正成为国际企业日益重要的话题。虽然政治风险对国际商业的不利影响已经研究了几十年，但减轻这种影响的策略以及管理公司与东道国政府之间关系的具体工具仍然缺乏研究。在方法学上，这篇综述文章借鉴了半系统文献综述与定性内容分析的结合，考察了81篇研究论文。综合研究结果为政治风险管理提供了一个先进的框架，其中包括四个关键的战略方向：(i)改善制度框架，（ii）降低交易成本，（iii）管理外部依赖关系，（iv）发展内部资源和能力。根据每个关键战略，确定了企业和政府管理和减轻政治风险的具体基于行为者的工具。通过德国-西非绿色氢活动的用例说明了这些工具和战略，因为具有高可再生能源潜力的国家面临更高水平的政治风险。这一审查为政治风险管理提供了一个全面的、可转让的、基于行动者的框架，可以作为企业的指导方针，也可以作为政策制定者的实际指导。

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引用次数: 0

Techno-economic feasibility of hybrid renewable systems and green hydrogen production in special economic zones (SEZs) 经济特区混合可再生能源系统和绿色制氢的技术经济可行性

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101635

Abdul Rafay , Asadullah , Muhammad Zubair Iftikhar , Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi , Dong Ryeol Shin , Muhammad Waseem

Pakistan’s fossil-heavy power mix drives cost volatility and rising emissions. We assess hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) for five Special Economic Zones (SEZs), Allama Iqbal Industrial City (AIIC), Bostan, Dhabeji, Mohmand Marble City (MMC), and Rashakai, using RETScreen with policy-aware finance, export-meter accounting, and a combined-margin grid baseline (0.56 tCO₂ MWh⁻¹). The preferred portfolio (∼0.53 GW of PV, wind, and canal-drop hydro) exports ≈1.30 TWh yr⁻¹ at ∼$42–49 MWh⁻¹ LCOE while avoiding ≈728 ktCO₂ yr⁻¹. Site comparisons show Dhabeji delivers the largest energy export (∼413 GWh yr⁻¹) and highest abatement (∼231 ktCO₂ yr⁻¹); Bostan and MMC achieve the fastest paybacks (both 10.3 years); AIIC provides a scalable 200-MW anchor (payback 11.6 years); and Rashakai contributes ∼ 261 GWh yr⁻¹ with 10.6-year payback. Power-to-X analysis of modeled surplus (central case: 10% surplus, PEM 70% efficiency; 47.6 kWh kg⁻¹ SEC) yields ≈2.73 kt H₂ yr⁻¹ at ∼$6.10–6.43 kg⁻¹ LCOH. Separately accounting carbon revenues, electricity-displacement and green-hydrogen credits together provide ≈$3.39 M yr⁻¹ at $5 tCO₂⁻¹ (net of a 10% MRV haircut), scaling proportionally with price. Overall, the portfolio offers a replicable pathway for SEZ decarbonization, prioritizing Dhabeji for grid impact, Bostan/MMC for rapid cash recovery, and AIIC as a bankable anchor.

巴基斯坦重化石燃料的电力结构导致成本波动和排放量上升。我们使用RETScreen技术，结合政策性融资、出口计量会计和联合边际电网基线（0.56 tCO2 MWh - 1），评估了五个经济特区（SEZs）、Allama Iqbal工业城（AIIC）、Bostan、Dhabeji、mohand Marble城（MMC）和Rashakai的混合可再生能源系统（HRES）。首选投资组合（约0.53 GW的光伏、风能和运河降水电）以约42-49 MWh - 1的LCOE出口≈1.30 TWh /年，同时避免≈728 ktCO2 /年。现场比较表明，Dhabeji提供了最大的能源出口（~ 413 GWh /年）和最高的减排量（~ 231 ktCO2 /年）；Bostan和MMC获得最快的回报（均为10.3年）；AIIC提供可扩展的200mw锚（投资回收期11.6年）；Rashakai每年贡献约261 GWh，投资回收期为10.6年。模型剩余的功率- x分析（中心案例：剩余10%，PEM效率70%；47.6 kWh kg - 1 SEC）在~ $ 6.10-6.43 kg - 1 LCOH下产率≈2.73 kt H2 yr - 1。单独计算碳收入、电力替代和绿色氢信用额度，按5亿吨二氧化碳- 1（扣除10%的MRV减记）计算，每年可提供约339万美元，与价格成比例。总体而言，该投资组合为经济特区的脱碳提供了一条可复制的途径，优先考虑Dhabeji对电网的影响，优先考虑Bostan/MMC对快速现金回收的影响，优先考虑AIIC作为可融资的锚点。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrogen and electricity production from Mount Cameroon’s energy potential: Seismic imaging, techno-environmental-socio-economic assessment, and sensitivity considerations of a zero-carbon Fuel cell/Geothermal/Electrolyzer hybrid system 喀麦隆山能源潜力的氢气和电力生产：地震成像，技术-环境-社会经济评估，以及零碳燃料电池/地热/电解槽混合系统的敏感性考虑

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101637

Pascalin Tiam Kapen , M.D. Wamba

Geothermal energy represents a sustainable and low-carbon resource with strong potential to support decentralized energy systems in volcanic regions. In underexplored areas such as Mount Cameroon, accurate assessment and optimal utilization of geothermal resources are critical for reliable energy supply. Recent global seismic tomography models indicate a pronounced shear-wave low-velocity anomaly beneath Mount Cameroon, suggesting elevated subsurface temperatures consistent with geothermal potential. Building on this geophysical evidence, this study proposes an off-grid hybrid energy system integrating geothermal power, and fuel cell technology to simultaneously supply electricity and hydrogen. A comprehensive techno-economic, environmental, and sensitivity considerations were taken into account using HOMER Pro to identify the optimal system configuration under local demand conditions. The load profile shows recurrent peaks, requiring a flexible and dispatchable hybrid system. Results indicate that the optimal configuration comprises a 110 kW geothermal steam turbine, a 50 kW fuel cell, a 10 kW electrolyzer, a 25.5 kW power converter, and a 20 kg hydrogen storage tank. This system achieves reliable power supply with a net present cost of approximately US$ 1.84 million and a levelized cost of energy of US$ 0.465/kWh, while ensuring zero direct carbon emissions. Sensitivity analyses reveal that system economics are most influenced by fuel cell capital and replacement costs. The proposed hybrid system demonstrates the technical feasibility and economic viability of coupling geothermal energy with hydrogen technologies in volcanic regions. The results highlight its potential as a replicable solution for clean, resilient, and decentralized energy access in remote and underserved communities.

地热能是一种可持续的低碳资源，具有支持火山地区分散能源系统的强大潜力。在喀麦隆山等勘探不足的地区，地热资源的准确评估和最佳利用对于可靠的能源供应至关重要。最近的全球地震层析成像模型显示，喀麦隆山地下存在明显的剪切波低速异常，表明地下温度升高与地热潜力一致。基于这一地球物理证据，本研究提出了一种结合地热发电和燃料电池技术的离网混合能源系统，以同时提供电力和氢气。使用HOMER Pro综合考虑了技术经济、环境和敏感性因素，以确定在当地需求条件下的最佳系统配置。负荷曲线呈现周期性峰值，需要一个灵活、可调度的混合系统。结果表明，最优配置包括110 kW地热汽轮机、50 kW燃料电池、10 kW电解槽、25.5 kW电源转换器和20 kg储氢罐。该系统实现了可靠的电力供应，净现值约为184万美元，能源平准化成本为0.465美元/千瓦时，同时确保零直接碳排放。敏感性分析表明，燃料电池资本和重置成本对系统经济的影响最大。所提出的混合系统证明了在火山地区将地热能与氢技术相结合的技术可行性和经济可行性。研究结果突出了它作为一种可复制的解决方案的潜力，为偏远和服务不足的社区提供清洁、有弹性和分散的能源获取。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-porosity model for harmonic pulse testing in fractured geothermal reservoir 裂缝性地热储层谐波脉冲测试双孔隙度模型

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101624

Peter A. Fokker , Eloisa Salina Borello , Francesca Verga , Dario Viberti

Well testing and conventional Pressure Transient Analysis (PTA) are fundamental and well-established methodologies for characterizing well and reservoir parameters. However, the applicability of PTA is limited during production or injection operations, since it requires a shut-in of the tested well, and it is significantly affected by interferences from neighboring wells.

In previous works, we proposed, implemented, and validated against real data a methodology called Harmonic Pulse Testing (HPT). HPT is complementary to PTA. By specifically deploying the periodicity of rate and pressure signals, it has been designed to be applied during ongoing field operations.

In this work, we present a new analytical solution for HPT in naturally fractured reservoirs. The proposed solution is also applied to geothermal systems, as it is coupled with a radial composite model capable of approximating the thermal front. The model has been validated against well-established analytical and numerical models under different scenarios. The calculation steps for converting the numerical dual-porosity model into storativity ratio and inter-porosity flow coefficient are also provided.

The results of a validation exercise demonstrate that our model is robust against potential interference from other wells and allows the detection of the thermal front. The methodology can therefore be successfully applied during ongoing operations in naturally fractured geothermal reservoirs.

试井和常规压力瞬变分析（PTA）是表征井和储层参数的基本和成熟的方法。然而，在生产或注入作业中，PTA的适用性受到限制，因为它需要关井，并且受邻近井干扰的影响很大。在以前的工作中，我们提出、实现并验证了一种称为谐波脉冲测试（HPT）的方法。HPT是PTA的补充。通过特别部署周期性的速率和压力信号，它被设计用于正在进行的现场作业。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新的分析方法，用于天然裂缝性储层的高温高压测试。所提出的解决方案也适用于地热系统，因为它与能够近似热锋的径向复合模型相结合。该模型已在不同情景下对已建立的解析和数值模型进行了验证。给出了将双孔隙度数值模型转化为储气比和孔隙间流动系数的计算步骤。验证结果表明，我们的模型对来自其他井的潜在干扰具有鲁棒性，并且可以检测热锋。因此，该方法可以成功地应用于自然裂缝性地热储层的持续作业中。

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引用次数: 0

Passively-tuned roll-based wave energy converter for enhanced efficiency and frequency adaptability 无源调谐卷波能量转换器，提高效率和频率适应性

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101575

Ruben J. Paredes , David Plaza , Raju Datla , Mijail Arias-Hidalgo , Paul S. Zambrano , Jose R. Marin-Lopez , Jose M. Ahumada , Ricardo Álvarez-Briceño , Rafael Soria , Wilson Guachamin-Acero , Jesus Portilla-Yandun , Muhammad R. Hajj

Wave Energy Converters (WECs) typically exhibit natural oscillation frequencies that are significantly higher than the dominant frequencies of ocean waves, limiting their energy capture efficiency. Unlike conventional designs that rely on complex active control systems to address this mismatch, this study investigates a passive alternative based on inverted cone-shaped submerged structures that entrap seawater during upward motion, thereby increasing the effective added mass, lowering the natural frequency, and enabling resonance tuning of a roll-based WEC. Building on previous numerical validation, we present results from tests on a 1:40-scale model in regular and irregular waves. Five configurations with varying cone size and suspension distance were evaluated under regular wave excitation. The configuration achieving the highest performance reached a maximum Capture Width Ratio (CWR) of 52%, exceeding the 20%–40% range typical of conventional WECs. To assess robustness under realistic conditions, that configuration was further tested in irregular wave spectra representative of swell-dominated seas. Even under random excitation, the tuned device maintained efficiencies above 20%, demonstrating robustness against spectral variability. The experimental results show close agreement with predictions from a linear analytical model and confirm that passive tuning via cone-shaped structures effectively broadens the resonance bandwidth of roll-harvesting WECs. By combining high efficiency, robustness, and structural simplicity, this low-cost, scalable approach addresses a long-standing limitation of WECs and provides a viable pathway toward full-scale deployment with integrated power take-off damping and adaptation to diverse wave climates.

波浪能量转换器（WECs）通常表现出明显高于海浪主导频率的自然振荡频率，限制了它们的能量捕获效率。与传统设计依靠复杂的主动控制系统来解决这种不匹配的问题不同，本研究研究了一种基于倒锥形水下结构的被动替代方案，该结构在向上运动过程中捕获海水，从而增加了有效的附加质量，降低了固有频率，并实现了基于滚动的WEC的共振调谐。在先前的数值验证的基础上，我们提出了在规则和不规则波的1:40比例模型上进行测试的结果。在规则波激励下，对不同锥体尺寸和悬浮距离的五种构型进行了评价。实现最高性能的配置达到了52%的最大捕获宽度比（CWR），超过了传统WECs典型的20%-40%范围。为了评估在现实条件下的稳健性，该配置在代表汹涌主导的海洋的不规则波浪谱中进一步进行了测试。即使在随机激励下，调谐器件的效率也保持在20%以上，显示出对光谱变异性的鲁棒性。实验结果与线性分析模型的预测结果非常吻合，并证实了通过锥形结构进行被动调谐可以有效地拓宽滚收WECs的共振带宽。通过结合高效率、鲁棒性和结构简单性，这种低成本、可扩展的方法解决了WECs长期存在的局限性，并为全面部署提供了可行的途径，具有集成的功率输出阻尼和适应不同的波浪气候。

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引用次数: 0

Leveraging renewable energy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in Iran 利用可再生能源减少伊朗的温室气体排放

IF 7.6 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2026.101632

Mahdi Jahandideh , Ali Mahmoudi , Saman Rashidi , Mohammad Sadegh Valipour , Saadat Zirak

The global challenge of dealing climate change and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions has prompted countries to explore effective methods, such as the utilization of renewable energy resources, which have lower emissions. This study investigates the potentials, and current situations for reducing greenhouse gas emissions through renewable energy resources in Iran. This study examines Iran’s energy consumption patterns, greenhouse gas emission profiles, and the present state and policies of renewable energy development by looking at both national energy data and foreign case studies. Key findings reveal that Iran reduced approximately 696,000 tons of CO₂ emissions in 2018 and saved 286 million m3 of fossil fuel in power plants. Iran’s installed renewable energy capacity as of 2021 was estimated to be 11,929 MW. Also, the increase of 7500 MW of renewable capacity by 2023 was targeted by the Ministry of Energy of Iran. In this regard, Iran is committed to a 4% greenhouse gas reduction by 2050, compared to 2010 levels. Also, considering that 560 million tons of CO₂ were produced in 2010, Iran committed to reducing 22.4 million tons. The study emphasizes how important it is to have supportive government policies, to invest in RE infrastructure, particularly in solar and wind energy, and the importance of strategic investment, supportive regulations, and international cooperation in advancing Iran’s transition toward a low-carbon economy.

应对气候变化和减少温室气体排放的全球性挑战促使各国探索有效的方法，例如利用排放较低的可再生能源。本研究调查了伊朗利用可再生能源减少温室气体排放的潜力和现状。本研究通过查阅国家能源数据和国外案例研究，考察了伊朗的能源消费模式、温室气体排放概况以及可再生能源发展的现状和政策。主要调查结果显示，伊朗在2018年减少了约69.6万吨二氧化碳排放量，并在发电厂节省了2.86亿立方米的化石燃料。截至2021年，伊朗的可再生能源装机容量估计为11,929兆瓦。此外，伊朗能源部的目标是到2023年增加7500兆瓦的可再生能源容量。在这方面，伊朗承诺到2050年将温室气体排放量在2010年的基础上减少4%。此外，考虑到2010年产生了5.6亿吨二氧化碳，伊朗承诺减少2240万吨。这份研究报告强调了制定支持性政府政策，投资可再生能源基础设施，特别是太阳能和风能的重要性，以及战略投资、支持性法规和国际合作对推动伊朗向低碳经济转型的重要性。

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引用次数: 0