Energy Conversion and Management-X最新文献_第7页

Decarbonized district energy systems: Past review and future projections 去碳化地区能源系统：过去回顾与未来预测

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100726

Juliet G. Simpson, Nicholas Long, Guangdong Zhu

A significant portion of building energy usage globally goes toward space heating and cooling, and whether using individual building systems or district systems, those loads are often met with carbon-based sources. As we shift to decarbonize the electrical grid, we must also consider how to best decarbonize our heating and cooling loads in a way that aligns well with a renewable electrical grid. District energy systems (DES) distribute thermal energy to buildings in a community using shared resources and infrastructure. Unlike other decarbonized solutions, DES has the potential to reduce strain on the electrical grid and integrate renewable thermal sources and waste heat. This review will focus on current technology for decarbonizing DES and will discuss important design considerations as well as a qualitative comparison to individual systems.

A DES consists primarily of energy sources and storage, a distribution network, heat conversion, and user loads (such as buildings). We classify heating and cooling sources as constant, variable, or dispatchable, and review carbon-free options. The design of a DES depends on multiple factors including the nature of the energy sources, the loads to meet, central or distributed plant design, and the potential need for redundancy and resilience. We review design decisions including what sources and loads to connect, what distribution network design to implement, and the modeling and control of DES, and consider how to best integrate with a fully renewable electrical grid. Currently, DES designs are unique for each installation and require tailoring for each site. Due to the large number of distributed components, controls are important for DES, both at a component and system level. Future trends to consider include rising cooling demand loads, winter electrical peak load, conversion of traditional DES to state-of-the-art decarbonized systems, and the changing costs and economics of DES.

全球建筑能源使用的很大一部分用于空间供暖和制冷，无论是使用单个建筑系统还是区域系统，这些负荷通常都是通过碳源来满足的。当我们转向电网的去碳化时，我们也必须考虑如何以与可再生电网相匹配的方式实现供热和制冷负荷的最佳去碳化。区域能源系统（DES）利用共享资源和基础设施将热能分配给社区内的建筑物。与其他脱碳解决方案不同，区域能源系统有可能减少对电网的压力，并整合可再生热源和废热。本综述将重点介绍 DES 的当前脱碳技术，并将讨论重要的设计考虑因素以及与单个系统的定性比较。DES 主要由能源和存储、分配网络、热转换和用户负载（如建筑物）组成。我们将热源和冷源分为恒定能源、可变能源或可调度能源，并审查了无碳选择。DES 的设计取决于多种因素，包括能源的性质、需要满足的负荷、中央或分布式发电厂的设计，以及对冗余和弹性的潜在需求。我们对设计决策进行审查，包括连接哪些能源和负载、实施哪些配电网络设计以及 DES 的建模和控制，并考虑如何与完全可再生的电网进行最佳整合。目前，DES 的设计对每个装置都是独一无二的，需要为每个地点量身定制。由于分布式组件数量庞大，因此在组件和系统层面的控制对于 DES 都非常重要。需要考虑的未来趋势包括冷却需求负荷的上升、冬季电力高峰负荷、传统 DES 向最先进的去碳化系统的转换，以及 DES 不断变化的成本和经济性。

{"title":"Decarbonized district energy systems: Past review and future projections","authors":"Juliet G. Simpson, Nicholas Long, Guangdong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A significant portion of building energy usage globally goes toward space heating and cooling, and whether using individual building systems or district systems, those loads are often met with carbon-based sources. As we shift to decarbonize the electrical grid, we must also consider how to best decarbonize our heating and cooling loads in a way that aligns well with a renewable electrical grid. District energy systems (DES) distribute thermal energy to buildings in a community using shared resources and infrastructure. Unlike other decarbonized solutions, DES has the potential to reduce strain on the electrical grid and integrate renewable thermal sources and waste heat. This review will focus on current technology for decarbonizing DES and will discuss important design considerations as well as a qualitative comparison to individual systems.</div><div>A DES consists primarily of energy sources and storage, a distribution network, heat conversion, and user loads (such as buildings). We classify heating and cooling sources as constant, variable, or dispatchable, and review carbon-free options. The design of a DES depends on multiple factors including the nature of the energy sources, the loads to meet, central or distributed plant design, and the potential need for redundancy and resilience. We review design decisions including what sources and loads to connect, what distribution network design to implement, and the modeling and control of DES, and consider how to best integrate with a fully renewable electrical grid. Currently, DES designs are unique for each installation and require tailoring for each site. Due to the large number of distributed components, controls are important for DES, both at a component and system level. Future trends to consider include rising cooling demand loads, winter electrical peak load, conversion of traditional DES to state-of-the-art decarbonized systems, and the changing costs and economics of DES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100726"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing sustainable multiple biomass-to-biofuel conversion network with integrated water resource management utilizing data-driven robust planning 利用数据驱动的稳健规划，通过水资源综合管理优化可持续的多种生物质转化为生物燃料网络

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100727

Hani Gilani , Hadi Sahebi

Until now, the biofuel supply chain has lacked an integrated approach to address its fundamental challenges in real-world implementation. The first challenge is maintaining a continuous supply flow in the biofuel network, which can significantly impact economic outcomes and performance measures. The second challenge involves managing water resources for biofuel production to preserve freshwater reserves. The third challenge is managing operational risks, such as uncertainty in biofuel demand, which leads to conservative planning and underscores the need for realistic uncertain programming approaches. To address these challenges, the proposed study designs a biofuel conversion network that utilizes third-generation feedstocks and non-edible seed sources, sourcing necessary water from wastewater resources. This practical solution addresses water-energy relationship concerns, reducing dependency on limited freshwater supplies. To achieve a continuous and cost-effective feed supply, this study incorporates a pre-processing phase using a hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making model. This approach ensures the feed supply remains consistent, economical, and sustainable. To manage the uncertainty in biofuel demand, we developed a robust optimization model with an intersected uncertainty set using a data-driven approach. This approach aims to reduce conservatism in the obtained solutions, making the model more practical for real-world implementation. The numerical results reveal some practical implementation for policymakers. The proposed robust optimization using the configured uncertainty set offers a tool to manage the conservatism of renewable energy demand uncertainty and operational risks more effectively than traditional approaches (0.914%). This formulation can help policymakers to maintain greater robustness against fluctuations in confidence levels. Additionally, the simultaneous use of third-generation and non-edible feedstocks creates a multi-biomass-to-biofuel conversion network, offering practitioners a practical solution that significantly reduces reliance on freshwater resources. Furthermore, policymakers can leverage the proposed pre-processing phase to promote economic and continuous supply feed based on geographical, resource accessibility, and infrastructure criteria.

迄今为止，生物燃料供应链还缺乏一种综合方法来应对其在实际应用中面临的基本挑战。第一个挑战是在生物燃料网络中保持持续的供应流，这会对经济成果和绩效衡量产生重大影响。第二个挑战涉及管理用于生物燃料生产的水资源，以保护淡水储备。第三个挑战是管理运营风险，如生物燃料需求的不确定性，这会导致规划保守，并突出了对现实的不确定性规划方法的需求。为应对这些挑战，拟议的研究设计了一个生物燃料转换网络，利用第三代原料和非食用种子资源，从废水资源中获取必要的水源。这一实用的解决方案解决了水与能源关系的问题，减少了对有限淡水供应的依赖。为实现持续且具有成本效益的饲料供应，本研究采用了混合多标准决策模型进行预处理。这种方法可确保饲料供应的一致性、经济性和可持续性。为了管理生物燃料需求的不确定性，我们采用数据驱动法开发了一个具有交叉不确定性集的稳健优化模型。这种方法旨在减少求解过程中的保守性，使模型在实际应用中更加实用。数值结果为决策者揭示了一些切实可行的实施方法。与传统方法（0.914%）相比，利用配置的不确定性集进行稳健优化的建议为管理可再生能源需求不确定性的保守性和运营风险提供了一种工具。这种方法可以帮助决策者在置信度波动的情况下保持更大的稳健性。此外，同时使用第三代原料和非食用原料可创建一个多生物质到生物燃料的转换网络，为实践者提供一个实用的解决方案，大大减少对淡水资源的依赖。此外，政策制定者还可以利用建议的预处理阶段，根据地理、资源可及性和基础设施标准，促进经济和持续的供应。

{"title":"Optimizing sustainable multiple biomass-to-biofuel conversion network with integrated water resource management utilizing data-driven robust planning","authors":"Hani Gilani , Hadi Sahebi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Until now, the biofuel supply chain has lacked an integrated approach to address its fundamental challenges in real-world implementation. The first challenge is maintaining a continuous supply flow in the biofuel network, which can significantly impact economic outcomes and performance measures. The second challenge involves managing water resources for biofuel production to preserve freshwater reserves. The third challenge is managing operational risks, such as uncertainty in biofuel demand, which leads to conservative planning and underscores the need for realistic uncertain programming approaches. To address these challenges, the proposed study designs a biofuel conversion network that utilizes third-generation feedstocks and non-edible seed sources, sourcing necessary water from wastewater resources. This practical solution addresses water-energy relationship concerns, reducing dependency on limited freshwater supplies. To achieve a continuous and cost-effective feed supply, this study incorporates a pre-processing phase using a hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making model. This approach ensures the feed supply remains consistent, economical, and sustainable. To manage the uncertainty in biofuel demand, we developed a robust optimization model with an intersected uncertainty set using a data-driven approach. This approach aims to reduce conservatism in the obtained solutions, making the model more practical for real-world implementation. The numerical results reveal some practical implementation for policymakers. The proposed robust optimization using the configured uncertainty set offers a tool to manage the conservatism of renewable energy demand uncertainty and operational risks more effectively than traditional approaches (0.914%). This formulation can help policymakers to maintain greater robustness against fluctuations in confidence levels. Additionally, the simultaneous use of third-generation and non-edible feedstocks creates a multi-biomass-to-biofuel conversion network, offering practitioners a practical solution that significantly reduces reliance on freshwater resources. Furthermore, policymakers can leverage the proposed pre-processing phase to promote economic and continuous supply feed based on geographical, resource accessibility, and infrastructure criteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100727"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the effect of external and internal condensers on the productivity of solar stills: A review 评估外部和内部冷凝器对太阳能蒸馏器生产率的影响：综述

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100763

Azm Najjar , Maryam Nooman AlMallahi , Mahmoud Elgendi

As water scarcity rises, finding a sustainable alternative to water purification has become paramount. Therefore, solar stills are a convenient solution in drylands. However, the productivity of solar stills is relatively low, which limits their widespread use and has led to a significant amount of research to enhance water productivity. Numerous experimental and numerical investigations have been undertaken to investigate the effect of condensers on productivity. Incorporating external condensers and nanofluids results in a 50% increase in solar still efficiency. Implementing an internal heat sink condenser with black steel fibers leads to a 52% boost in daily productivity. Comparative studies on various modifications, including improved stepped solar still, showcase productivity enhancements ranging from 30% to 150%. Finally, integrating condensation components can reduce the cost of freshwater production and address the issue of low water productivity.

随着水资源匮乏的加剧，寻找一种可持续的水净化替代方案已变得至关重要。因此，在干旱地区，太阳能蒸馏器是一种便捷的解决方案。然而，太阳能蒸馏器的生产率相对较低，这限制了其广泛应用，并引发了大量提高水生产率的研究。为了研究冷凝器对生产率的影响，已经进行了大量的实验和数值研究。采用外部冷凝器和纳米流体可使太阳能蒸馏器的效率提高 50%。使用黑钢纤维的内部散热冷凝器可使日生产率提高 52%。对各种改造（包括改进的阶梯式太阳能蒸馏器）的比较研究表明，生产率提高了 30% 到 150%。最后，集成冷凝组件可降低淡水生产成本，并解决水生产率低的问题。

引用次数: 0

Techno-economic analysis and optimization of a hybrid solar-wind-biomass-battery framework for the electrification of a remote area: A case study 用于偏远地区电气化的太阳能-风能-生物质-电池混合框架的技术经济分析和优化：案例研究

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100732

Ali Sadeghi , Akbar Maleki , Siavash Haghighat

An off-grid hybrid energy framework on the basis of wind turbines and photovoltaic panels as the primary source of energy and a biogas generator and energy storage unit as a back-up system, was considered for clean energy generation in a rural area in Semnan, Iran. This study was aimed at designing an optimized hybrid renewable framework with minimal costs and CO₂ emissions and highest reliability, utilizing comprehensive modeling based on two energy management strategies. The decision-making variables in this work were the type and number of wind turbines, number of storage units, capacity of solar panels, and the capacity of biogas generator. Then variations in turbine model, inflation rate and biofuel prices and their effect on the optimal design of the hybrid framework was investigated in a range of uncertainties (0, 1, and 2.5 %). Additionally, the powerplant emissions penalty cost rate was also considered. Eventually, the optimal hybrid frameworks were economically and environmentally compared with a stand-alone diesel generator. Optimization results confirmed the superiority of the proposed hybrid wind-solar-biomass-battery system in comparison with other investigated systems. The cost of energy for the optimal design including biogas generator (22 kW), photovoltaic panels (30.7 kW), a 10 kW wind turbine, 11 batteries and an inverter (15.1 kW), while considering the inflation rate of 10 % and the uncertainty rate of 0 %, is equal to 0.201 $/kWh. Additionally, the selected optimal design emitted 97 % less CO₂ annually, in comparison with the similarly-sized diesel-based energy system.

伊朗塞姆南的一个农村地区考虑采用离网混合能源框架，以风力涡轮机和光伏板作为主要能源，以沼气发电机和储能装置作为备用系统，进行清洁能源发电。这项研究旨在利用基于两种能源管理策略的综合建模，设计出成本最低、二氧化碳排放量最少、可靠性最高的优化混合可再生能源框架。这项工作的决策变量包括风力涡轮机的类型和数量、存储单元的数量、太阳能电池板的容量以及沼气发电机的容量。然后，在一系列不确定因素（0%、1% 和 2.5%）中研究了涡轮机型号、通货膨胀率和生物燃料价格的变化及其对混合框架优化设计的影响。此外，还考虑了发电厂排放罚款成本率。最后，对最佳混合动力框架与独立柴油发电机进行了经济和环境方面的比较。优化结果证实，与其他研究系统相比，拟议的风能-太阳能-生物质能-电池混合系统更具优势。考虑到 10%的通货膨胀率和 0%的不确定率，包括沼气发电机（22 千瓦）、光伏板（30.7 千瓦）、10 千瓦风力涡轮机、11 个电池和一个逆变器（15.1 千瓦）在内的优化设计的能源成本等于 0.201 美元/千瓦时。此外，与类似规模的柴油能源系统相比，所选的优化设计每年可减少 97% 的二氧化碳排放量。

{"title":"Techno-economic analysis and optimization of a hybrid solar-wind-biomass-battery framework for the electrification of a remote area: A case study","authors":"Ali Sadeghi , Akbar Maleki , Siavash Haghighat","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An off-grid hybrid energy framework on the basis of wind turbines and photovoltaic panels as the primary source of energy and a biogas generator and energy storage unit as a back-up system, was considered for clean energy generation in a rural area in Semnan, Iran. This study was aimed at designing an optimized hybrid renewable framework with minimal costs and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and highest reliability, utilizing comprehensive modeling based on two energy management strategies. The decision-making variables in this work were the type and number of wind turbines, number of storage units, capacity of solar panels, and the capacity of biogas generator. Then variations in turbine model, inflation rate and biofuel prices and their effect on the optimal design of the hybrid framework was investigated in a range of uncertainties (0, 1, and 2.5 %). Additionally, the powerplant emissions penalty cost rate was also considered. Eventually, the optimal hybrid frameworks were economically and environmentally compared with a stand-alone diesel generator. Optimization results confirmed the superiority of the proposed hybrid wind-solar-biomass-battery system in comparison with other investigated systems. The cost of energy for the optimal design including biogas generator (22 kW), photovoltaic panels (30.7 kW), a 10 kW wind turbine, 11 batteries and an inverter (15.1 kW), while considering the inflation rate of 10 % and the uncertainty rate of 0 %, is equal to 0.201 $/kWh. Additionally, the selected optimal design emitted 97 % less CO<sub>2</sub> annually, in comparison with the similarly-sized diesel-based energy system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100732"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy and exergy assessment of a photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) system cooled by single and hybrid nanofluids 用单一纳米流体和混合纳米流体冷却的光伏热系统的能量和能效评估

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100769

Mohammed Alktranee , Qudama Al-Yasiri , Karrar Saeed Mohammed , Hayder Al-Lami , Péter Bencs

Photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) concept is a novel methodology to lower the PV module temperature and consecutively produce thermal and electrical energies. This study assesses the thermal and electrical advancements of a PVT system using iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) single nanofluid and titanium oxide-iron oxide (TiO₂-Fe₂O₃) hybrid nanofluid at 0.2 % and 0.3 % concentrations. The PVT energy and exergy efficiencies were presented and analyzed concerning the effect of proposed single and hybrid nanofluids. Study findings disclosed that dispersing 0.3% of TiO₂- Fe₂O₃ nanocomposites into water has enhanced the nanofluid thermal conductivity, improving the Nusselt number by 90.64 %, while Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles achieved 31.75 %. Furthermore, employing TiO₂- Fe₂O₃-based nanofluid at 0.3 % has enhanced the PVT electrical efficiency by 13 % and, thermal efficiency by 44 % compared to Fe₂O₃-based nanofluid, which exhibited 12 %, and 33 %, respectively. Besides, the PVT electrical exergy efficiency was augmented by about 13 % using TiO₂-Fe₂O₃-based hybrid nanofluid, against 11 % using Fe₂O₃ nanofluid. Reversely, the pressure drop was increased by a maximum of 62.9% when TiO₂- Fe₂O₃ was applied due to the raised nanofluid density compared to the reference base fluid. Conclusively, hybrid nanofluid has a superior influence on the PVT performance than single nanofluids. However, further investigations are required to explore cost-effective hybrid nanofluids with a low pressure drop.

光伏热（PVT）概念是一种降低光伏组件温度并连续产生热能和电能的新方法。本研究评估了使用氧化铁（Fe2O3）单一纳米流体和氧化钛-氧化铁（TiO2-Fe2O3）混合纳米流体（浓度分别为 0.2 % 和 0.3 %）的光伏热系统在热能和电能方面的进步。就所提议的单一纳米流体和混合纳米流体的效果，提出并分析了 PVT 能量和放能效率。研究结果表明，将 0.3% 的 TiO2- Fe2O3 纳米复合材料分散到水中可增强纳米流体的导热性，使努塞尔特数提高 90.64%，而 Fe2O3 纳米粒子则提高了 31.75%。此外，与 Fe2O3 纳米流体相比，使用 0.3% 的 TiO2- Fe2O3 纳米流体可将 PVT 电效率提高 13%，热效率提高 44%，而 Fe2O3 纳米流体的电效率和热效率分别为 12% 和 33%。此外，使用 TiO2-Fe2O3 混合纳米流体的 PVT 电能效率提高了约 13%，而使用 Fe2O3 纳米流体的 PVT 电能效率提高了 11%。与此相反，当使用 TiO2-Fe2O3 纳米流体时，由于纳米流体密度比参考基液高，压降最大增加了 62.9%。综上所述，混合纳米流体对 PVT 性能的影响优于单一纳米流体。然而，还需要进行进一步的研究，以探索具有低压降、成本效益高的混合纳米流体。

{"title":"Energy and exergy assessment of a photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) system cooled by single and hybrid nanofluids","authors":"Mohammed Alktranee , Qudama Al-Yasiri , Karrar Saeed Mohammed , Hayder Al-Lami , Péter Bencs","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) concept is a novel methodology to lower the PV module temperature and consecutively produce thermal and electrical energies. This study assesses the thermal and electrical advancements of a PVT system using iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) single nanofluid and titanium oxide-iron oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) hybrid nanofluid at 0.2 % and 0.3 % concentrations. The PVT energy and exergy efficiencies were presented and analyzed concerning the effect of proposed single and hybrid nanofluids. Study findings disclosed that dispersing 0.3% of TiO<sub>2</sub>- Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocomposites into water has enhanced the nanofluid thermal conductivity, improving the Nusselt number by 90.64 %, while Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles achieved 31.75 %. Furthermore, employing TiO<sub>2</sub>- Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based nanofluid at 0.3 % has enhanced the PVT electrical efficiency by 13 % and, thermal efficiency by 44 % compared to Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based nanofluid, which exhibited 12 %, and 33 %, respectively. Besides, the PVT electrical exergy efficiency was augmented by about 13 % using TiO<sub>2</sub>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based hybrid nanofluid, against 11 % using Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanofluid. Reversely, the pressure drop was increased by a maximum of 62.9% when TiO<sub>2</sub>- Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was applied due to the raised nanofluid density compared to the reference base fluid. Conclusively, hybrid nanofluid has a superior influence on the PVT performance than single nanofluids. However, further investigations are required to explore cost-effective hybrid nanofluids with a low pressure drop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100769"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing microgrid forecasting accuracy with SAQ-MTCLSTM: A self-adjusting quantized multi-task ConvLSTM for optimized solar power and load demand predictions 利用 SAQ-MTCLSTM 提高微电网预测精度：用于优化太阳能和负载需求预测的自调整量化多任务 ConvLSTM

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100767

Ehtisham Lodhi , Nadia Dahmani , Syed Muhammad Salman Bukhari , Sujan Gyawali , Sanjog Thapa , Lin Qiu , Muhammad Hamza Zafar , Naureen Akhtar

Accurate forecasting of solar power output and load demand is critical for the efficient operation and management of isolated microgrids, where reliability and sustainability are paramount. Traditional methods often struggle with data scarcity, limitations in capturing intricate temporal dynamics, and lack of scalability. This research introduces a novel multi-task learning (MTL) model, the Self-Aware Quantized Multi-Task ConvLSTM (SAQ-MTCLSTM), which addresses these challenges by jointly forecasting solar power and load demand while leveraging shared representations across these interdependent time series. The SAQ-MTCLSTM incorporates a sophisticated architecture that combines convolutional and LSTM layers with self-aware quantization to enhance computational efficiency and model adaptability. This allows for effective knowledge transfer, improved data utilization, and the capture of intricate temporal patterns. Evaluated on a real-world isolated microgrid dataset from the Micro Reseau Mafate research project, the model demonstrates significant improvements in forecasting accuracy, with MSE values of 0.0021 for solar power output and 0.0037 for load demand forecasting, compared to single-task and other advanced models. Extensive experiments highlight the impact of data scarcity, seasonality patterns, and microgrid topology on forecasting performance. Such forecasting is essential to optimize the integration and utilization of renewable resources, enhancing operational stability and reducing dependency on external energy supplies.

准确预测太阳能输出和负载需求对隔离微电网的高效运行和管理至关重要，因为微电网的可靠性和可持续性是最重要的。传统方法往往难以解决数据稀缺、难以捕捉复杂的时间动态以及缺乏可扩展性等问题。这项研究引入了一种新颖的多任务学习（MTL）模型--自感知量化多任务 ConvLSTM（SAQ-MTCLSTM），通过联合预测太阳能发电和负载需求，同时利用这些相互依存的时间序列的共享表征来应对这些挑战。SAQ-MTCLSTM 采用了复杂的架构，将卷积层和 LSTM 层与自我感知量化相结合，以提高计算效率和模型适应性。这样就能实现有效的知识转移，提高数据利用率，并捕捉复杂的时间模式。该模型在 Micro Reseau Mafate 研究项目的真实孤立微电网数据集上进行了评估，与单任务模型和其他先进模型相比，预测精度有了显著提高，太阳能输出的 MSE 值为 0.0021，负荷需求预测的 MSE 值为 0.0037。大量实验凸显了数据稀缺性、季节性模式和微电网拓扑结构对预测性能的影响。这种预测对于优化可再生资源的整合和利用、提高运行稳定性和减少对外部能源供应的依赖性至关重要。

{"title":"Enhancing microgrid forecasting accuracy with SAQ-MTCLSTM: A self-adjusting quantized multi-task ConvLSTM for optimized solar power and load demand predictions","authors":"Ehtisham Lodhi , Nadia Dahmani , Syed Muhammad Salman Bukhari , Sujan Gyawali , Sanjog Thapa , Lin Qiu , Muhammad Hamza Zafar , Naureen Akhtar","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate forecasting of solar power output and load demand is critical for the efficient operation and management of isolated microgrids, where reliability and sustainability are paramount. Traditional methods often struggle with data scarcity, limitations in capturing intricate temporal dynamics, and lack of scalability. This research introduces a novel multi-task learning (MTL) model, the Self-Aware Quantized Multi-Task ConvLSTM (SAQ-MTCLSTM), which addresses these challenges by jointly forecasting solar power and load demand while leveraging shared representations across these interdependent time series. The SAQ-MTCLSTM incorporates a sophisticated architecture that combines convolutional and LSTM layers with self-aware quantization to enhance computational efficiency and model adaptability. This allows for effective knowledge transfer, improved data utilization, and the capture of intricate temporal patterns. Evaluated on a real-world isolated microgrid dataset from the Micro Reseau Mafate research project, the model demonstrates significant improvements in forecasting accuracy, with MSE values of 0.0021 for solar power output and 0.0037 for load demand forecasting, compared to single-task and other advanced models. Extensive experiments highlight the impact of data scarcity, seasonality patterns, and microgrid topology on forecasting performance. Such forecasting is essential to optimize the integration and utilization of renewable resources, enhancing operational stability and reducing dependency on external energy supplies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100767"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of mixing tallow methyl ester with diesel fuel on the thermal characteristics of diesel engine 牛脂甲酯与柴油混合对柴油机热特性的影响

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100804

Mohamed F. Al-Dawody , Duraid F. Maki , Wisam Al-Obaidi , Emad D. Aboud , Khaled Al-Farhany , Ammar Abdulkadhim , Tikendra Nath Verma , Wasim Jamshed , Assmaa Abd-Elmonem , Neissrien Alhubieshi , Fayza Abdel Aziz ElSeabee , Hijaz Ahmad

The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the impact of using beef Tallow methyl ester blends on the thermal parameters of diesel engine numerically utilizing Diesel-RK simulation software. The multizone combustion model is used and the governing equations are solved for each independent zone. The engine characteristics were examined under three different volumetric blends of Tallow methyl ester (10 %, 20 % and 30 %) in addition to plain diesel case for comparison. The obtained results showed slight reduction in pressure, heat release for all blends of Tallow methyl ester with respect to diesel fuel alone. The Sauter mean diameter of the droplets was increased by 1.68 %, 3.34 % and 5 % for 10 %, 20 % and 30 % Tallow methyl ester respectively. The higher tallow methyl ester ‘s cetane number is responsible for shorter ignition delay which in turn makes the combustion starts earlier. The brake specific fuel consumption increased 1.68 %, 3.34 % and 5 % for 10 %, 20 % and 30 % Tallow methyl ester respectively due to the difference of density, viscosity and energy contents. Noticeable reduction in the Bosch Smoke Number as the use of 20 % TME and 30 % Tallow methyl ester reported reduction of 13.25 % and 17.8 % while the Particulate Matter is dropped significantly by 11.1 %, 12.9 %, 18.4 % correspond to 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % percentages of Tallow methyl ester biodiesel. The plenty of oxygen quantity in Tallow methyl ester biodiesel leads to emit more Nitrogen oxides relative to diesel. Base on the results obtained, 20 % TME is best compromised blend that can recommended to be used in diesel engine without any modification of the engine. The current findings matched well with the different scientists’ results.

本研究的目的是利用 Diesel-RK 模拟软件，对使用牛脂甲酯混合物对柴油发动机热参数的影响进行数值评估。研究采用了多区燃烧模型，并对每个独立区的控制方程进行了求解。除了与普通柴油进行比较外，还对三种不同体积的牛脂甲酯混合物（10%、20% 和 30%）下的发动机特性进行了研究。结果表明，与单独使用柴油相比，所有混合牛脂甲酯的压力和热释放量都略有降低。10 %、20 % 和 30 % 的牛脂甲酯的液滴萨特平均直径分别增加了 1.68 %、3.34 % 和 5 %。牛脂甲酯十六烷值越高，点火延迟越短，从而使燃烧开始得越早。由于密度、粘度和能量含量的不同，10%、20% 和 30% 的牛脂甲酯的制动比燃料消耗量分别增加了 1.68%、3.34% 和 5%。使用 20% 的 TME 和 30% 的乌桕甲酯后，博世烟数明显减少，分别减少了 13.25% 和 17.8%，而颗粒物质则明显减少，分别减少了 11.1%、12.9% 和 18.4%，乌桕甲酯生物柴油的百分比分别为 10%、20% 和 30%。与柴油相比，牛脂甲酯生物柴油中大量的氧气导致排放更多的氮氧化物。根据所得结果，20% 的 TME 是最佳的折衷混合燃料，建议在不对发动机进行任何改动的情况下用于柴油发动机。目前的研究结果与不同科学家的研究结果非常吻合。

{"title":"Effects of mixing tallow methyl ester with diesel fuel on the thermal characteristics of diesel engine","authors":"Mohamed F. Al-Dawody , Duraid F. Maki , Wisam Al-Obaidi , Emad D. Aboud , Khaled Al-Farhany , Ammar Abdulkadhim , Tikendra Nath Verma , Wasim Jamshed , Assmaa Abd-Elmonem , Neissrien Alhubieshi , Fayza Abdel Aziz ElSeabee , Hijaz Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the impact of using beef Tallow methyl ester blends on the thermal parameters of diesel engine numerically utilizing Diesel-RK simulation software. The multizone combustion model is used and the governing equations are solved for each independent zone. The engine characteristics were examined under three different volumetric blends of Tallow methyl ester (10 %, 20 % and 30 %) in addition to plain diesel case for comparison. The obtained results showed slight reduction in pressure, heat release for all blends of Tallow methyl ester with respect to diesel fuel alone. The Sauter mean diameter of the droplets was increased by 1.68 %, 3.34 % and 5 % for 10 %, 20 % and 30 % Tallow methyl ester respectively. The higher tallow methyl ester ‘s cetane number is responsible for shorter ignition delay which in turn makes the combustion starts earlier. The brake specific fuel consumption increased 1.68 %, 3.34 % and 5 % for 10 %, 20 % and 30 % Tallow methyl ester respectively due to the difference of density, viscosity and energy contents. Noticeable reduction in the Bosch Smoke Number as the use of 20 % TME and 30 % Tallow methyl ester reported reduction of 13.25 % and 17.8 % while the Particulate Matter is dropped significantly by 11.1 %, 12.9 %, 18.4 % correspond to 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % percentages of Tallow methyl ester biodiesel. The plenty of oxygen quantity in Tallow methyl ester biodiesel leads to emit more Nitrogen oxides relative to diesel. Base on the results obtained, 20 % TME is best compromised blend that can recommended to be used in diesel engine without any modification of the engine. The current findings matched well with the different scientists’ results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100804"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy performance of a solar tower power plant equipped with a three-dimensional compound parabolic concentrator 配备三维复合抛物面聚光器的太阳能塔式发电站的能源性能

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100801

Kory Faye , Ababacar Thiam , El hadji I. Cissé , Mactar Faye , Vincent Sambou

The operation of Solar Tower Power (STP) plants requires high solar concentration for power generation. In this study, a Three-Dimensional Compound Parabolic Concentrator (3D-CPC) is used to increase the solar concentration within the receiver and thereby enhancing its thermal performance and, consequently the energy performance of the STP plant. To attain this objective, the solar field is sized for an electrical power of 30 kW. The heliostats are arranged in the field using the radial staggered layout design as seen in PS10 plant. The 3D-CPC is sized, designed and incorporated at the receiver inlet. The solar field is modelled in SolTrace software using an optical model that was developed and validated to gather the average solar flux absorbed by the receiver. In order to ascertain the thermal performance of the receiver, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model is created using the volumetric heat source produced from the absorbed solar flux, and then validated to study the heat transfer into the receiver. Subsequently, the energy performance of the STP plant is assessed. The results showed that the solar field consists of 175 heliostats. Each heliostat has a surface area of 2 m² and a height of 1.5 m. Furthermore, the 3D-CPC enhances solar concentration in the receiver by a factor of 4.90, yielding an optical efficiency of 82.15 %. Additionally, outlet air temperatures of the receiver were higher than those obtained with the conventional Capstone (C30) turbine. For instance, during the summer solstice, the outlet air temperature of the receiver was 1332.77 K and there was a Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) of 549.64 W/m², resulting in 39.68 % and 28.32 % thermal and solar-electrical efficiencies, respectively.

The obtained results showed that 3D-CPC facilitated a rise in solar concentration into the receiver. Thus, it enhanced the receiver’s thermal performance, thereby improving the overall energy performance of the STP plant.

太阳能塔式发电站（STP）的运行需要高浓度的太阳能来发电。在这项研究中，使用了三维复合抛物面聚光器（3D-CPC）来提高接收器内的太阳能浓度，从而提高其热能性能，进而提高太阳能塔式发电站的能源性能。为实现这一目标，太阳能场的大小为 30 千瓦。定日镜采用 PS10 工厂中的径向交错布局设计。3D-CPC 的尺寸、设计和安装均在接收器入口处。在 SolTrace 软件中使用光学模型对太阳场进行建模，该模型经过开发和验证，可收集接收器吸收的平均太阳通量。为了确定接收器的热性能，利用吸收的太阳光通量产生的体积热源创建了一个计算流体动力学（CFD）模型，然后进行验证，以研究进入接收器的热传导。随后，对 STP 工厂的能源性能进行了评估。结果显示，太阳能场由 175 个定日镜组成。每个定日镜的表面积为 2 平方米，高度为 1.5 米。此外，3D-CPC 还将接收器中的太阳能浓度提高了 4.90 倍，使光学效率达到 82.15%。此外，接收器的出口空气温度高于传统的 Capstone（C30）涡轮机。例如，在夏至期间，接收器的出口空气温度为 1332.77 K，直接法线辐照（DNI）为 549.64 W/m2，热效率和太阳能电效率分别为 39.68 % 和 28.32 %。结果表明，3D-CPC 有助于提高进入接收器的太阳能浓度，从而提高接收器的热性能，进而改善 STP 工厂的整体能源性能。

{"title":"Energy performance of a solar tower power plant equipped with a three-dimensional compound parabolic concentrator","authors":"Kory Faye , Ababacar Thiam , El hadji I. Cissé , Mactar Faye , Vincent Sambou","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The operation of Solar Tower Power (STP) plants requires high solar concentration for power generation. In this study, a Three-Dimensional Compound Parabolic Concentrator (3D-CPC) is used to increase the solar concentration within the receiver and thereby enhancing its thermal performance and, consequently the energy performance of the STP plant. To attain this objective, the solar field is sized for an electrical power of 30 kW. The heliostats are arranged in the field using the radial staggered layout design as seen in PS10 plant. The 3D-CPC is sized, designed and incorporated at the receiver inlet. The solar field is modelled in SolTrace software using an optical model that was developed and validated to gather the average solar flux absorbed by the receiver. In order to ascertain the thermal performance of the receiver, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model is created using the volumetric heat source produced from the absorbed solar flux, and then validated to study the heat transfer into the receiver. Subsequently, the energy performance of the STP plant is assessed. The results showed that the solar field consists of 175 heliostats. Each heliostat has a surface area of 2 m<sup>2</sup> and a height of 1.5 m. Furthermore, the 3D-CPC enhances solar concentration in the receiver by a factor of 4.90, yielding an optical efficiency of 82.15 %. Additionally, outlet air temperatures of the receiver were higher than those obtained with the conventional Capstone (C30) turbine. For instance, during the summer solstice, the outlet air temperature of the receiver was 1332.77 K and there was a Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) of 549.64 W/m<sup>2</sup>, resulting in 39.68 % and 28.32 % thermal and solar-electrical efficiencies, respectively.</div><div>The obtained results showed that 3D-CPC facilitated a rise in solar concentration into the receiver. Thus, it enhanced the receiver’s thermal performance, thereby improving the overall energy performance of the STP plant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100801"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electricity system optimisation based on python model for renewable electricity generation portfolio 基于 python 模型的可再生能源发电组合电力系统优化

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100771

Riadh M. Habour, James G. Carton

100% renewable electricity scenarios have received great attention from industry and policy makers, this is due to its widespread need for technical, economical, and renewable integration action plans. In this research, a python model named WIBSS, is developed and tested for adequacy using sensitivity analysis and then used to simulate the Irish electricity system.

In this investigation, the optimal cost was identified with the installed capacities needed for the electricity system for high electricity demand scenario, and the generation portfolios for the electricity system in Ireland is proposed.

The electricity system parameters are determined and the levelised cost of electricity is optimised and tabulated. In this investigation, the optimal solution is identified to decrease curtailment and minimize the total cost. Overlay graphs are plotted, and the optimal renewable sources combinations are presented.

This research of determining generation portfolios toward 100% renewable electricity systems demonstrates simulations of two different pathways for 2030 scenarios to meet electricity demand in Republic of Ireland. The renewable energy target appeared in the government climate action plan and the authors renewable energy target determined based on the simulation of the python model, with more than doubled photovoltaic installation, a significant reduction in offshore wind, and a substantial integration of battery capacity, the authors renewable energy target performs better than renewable energy target, the levelised cost of electricity were 57.22 €/mWh and 51.11 €/mWh respectively. The least cost pathway is extended to balance between electricity generation and electricity demand in 2040 scenario, and keys target were proposed for generation portfolios.

100% 的可再生能源电力方案受到了行业和政策制定者的极大关注，这是因为其对技术、经济和可再生能源整合行动计划的广泛需求。在这项研究中，开发了一个名为 WIBSS 的 python 模型，并使用敏感性分析测试了该模型的适当性，然后用于模拟爱尔兰的电力系统。在这项调查中，确定了高电力需求情况下电力系统所需的装机容量的最优成本，并提出了爱尔兰电力系统的发电组合。在这项研究中，确定了减少削减和最小化总成本的最佳解决方案。这项关于确定发电组合以实现 100% 可再生能源电力系统的研究，模拟了 2030 年满足爱尔兰共和国电力需求的两种不同路径。政府气候行动计划中的可再生能源目标和作者根据 python 模型模拟确定的可再生能源目标，在光伏发电装机量增加一倍以上、海上风力发电量大幅减少、电池容量大幅整合的情况下，作者的可再生能源目标表现优于可再生能源目标，平准化电力成本分别为 57.22 欧元/兆瓦时和 51.11 欧元/兆瓦时。在 2040 年的情景中，最低成本途径被扩展到发电与电力需求之间的平衡，并为发电组合提出了关键目标。

{"title":"Electricity system optimisation based on python model for renewable electricity generation portfolio","authors":"Riadh M. Habour, James G. Carton","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>100% renewable electricity scenarios have received great attention from industry and policy makers, this is due to its widespread need for technical, economical, and renewable integration action plans. In this research, a python model named WIBSS, is developed and tested for adequacy using sensitivity analysis and then used to simulate the Irish electricity system.</div><div>In this investigation, the optimal cost was identified with the installed capacities needed for the electricity system for high electricity demand scenario, and the generation portfolios for the electricity system in Ireland is proposed.</div><div>The electricity system parameters are determined and the levelised cost of electricity is optimised and tabulated. In this investigation, the optimal solution is identified to decrease curtailment and minimize the total cost. Overlay graphs are plotted, and the optimal renewable sources combinations are presented.</div><div>This research of determining generation portfolios toward 100% renewable electricity systems demonstrates simulations of two different pathways for 2030 scenarios to meet electricity demand in Republic of Ireland. The renewable energy target appeared in the government climate action plan and the authors renewable energy target determined based on the simulation of the python model, with more than doubled photovoltaic installation, a significant reduction in offshore wind, and a substantial integration of battery capacity, the authors renewable energy target performs better than renewable energy target, the levelised cost of electricity were 57.22 €/mWh and 51.11 €/mWh respectively. The least cost pathway is extended to balance between electricity generation and electricity demand in 2040 scenario, and keys target were proposed for generation portfolios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100771"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance analysis of hybrid off-grid renewable energy systems for sustainable rural electrification 可持续农村电气化离网可再生能源混合系统的性能分析

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100780

Abdullahi Mohamed Samatar , Saad Mekhilef , Hazlie Mokhlis , Mostefa Kermadi , Obaid Alshammari

Delivering sustainable power to rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Somalia, where many areas are far from the electrical grid and suffer from energy shortages, necessitates the deployment of appropriate technologies. This study evaluates the techno-economic and environmental viability of a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) comprising a 15 kWp photovoltaic (PV) generator, 10 kW wind turbine (WT), 25 kW diesel generator (DG), and a 72-kWh battery energy storage system (BESS). The HRES is proposed to supply sustainable power to a rural community in Somalia. The techno-economic assessment of the proposed HRES and a comparative analysis of other configurations—namely the PV/WT/BESS and PV/DG/BESS systems is conducted using HOMER and MATLAB software. The results indicate that the proposed PV/WT/DG/BESS HRES demonstrates superior techno-economic performance compared to the other configurations. The lowest net present cost of $96,899.16 and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.090/kWh were achieved. This system attains 25 % excess electricity, maintains a 0 % unmet electric load, and demonstrates robust environmental performance with a renewable penetration rate of 91.8 %. Approximately 53.34 % of greenhouse gas emissions are reduced compared to the PV/DG/BESS configuration. The study confirmed the significant impacts of all sensitivity parameters on operational costs, LCOE, fuel prices, fuel intake, and renewable fraction. The overall results indicate superior performance in the optimal system case, offering a feasible and suitable choice for the sustainable electrification of rural communities.

在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，特别是在索马里，许多地区远离电网，能源短缺，要为农村社区提供可持续的电力，就必须采用适当的技术。本研究对混合可再生能源系统（HRES）的技术经济和环境可行性进行了评估，该系统由 15 kWp 光伏发电机、10 kW 风力涡轮机（WT）、25 kW 柴油发电机（DG）和 72 kWh 电池储能系统（BESS）组成。拟议的 HRES 将为索马里的一个农村社区提供可持续的电力。使用 HOMER 和 MATLAB 软件对拟议的 HRES 进行了技术经济评估，并对其他配置（即 PV/WT/BESS 和 PV/DG/BESS 系统）进行了比较分析。结果表明，与其他配置相比，拟议的 PV/WT/DG/BESS HRES 具有更优越的技术经济性能。净现值成本最低，为 96,899.16 美元，平准化能源成本 (LCOE) 为 0.090 美元/千瓦时。该系统实现了 25% 的电力过剩，保持了 0% 的未满足电力负荷，并以 91.8% 的可再生能源渗透率展示了强劲的环保性能。与 PV/DG/BESS 配置相比，温室气体排放量减少了约 53.34%。研究证实了所有敏感性参数对运营成本、LCOE、燃料价格、燃料摄入量和可再生能源比例的重大影响。总体结果表明，最佳系统的性能优越，为农村社区的可持续电气化提供了一个可行而合适的选择。

{"title":"Performance analysis of hybrid off-grid renewable energy systems for sustainable rural electrification","authors":"Abdullahi Mohamed Samatar , Saad Mekhilef , Hazlie Mokhlis , Mostefa Kermadi , Obaid Alshammari","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Delivering sustainable power to rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Somalia, where many areas are far from the electrical grid and suffer from energy shortages, necessitates the deployment of appropriate technologies. This study evaluates the techno-economic and environmental viability of a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) comprising a 15 kWp photovoltaic (PV) generator, 10 kW wind turbine (WT), 25 kW diesel generator (DG), and a 72-kWh battery energy storage system (BESS). The HRES is proposed to supply sustainable power to a rural community in Somalia. The techno-economic assessment of the proposed HRES and a comparative analysis of other configurations—namely the PV/WT/BESS and PV/DG/BESS systems is conducted using HOMER and MATLAB software. The results indicate that the proposed PV/WT/DG/BESS HRES demonstrates superior techno-economic performance compared to the other configurations. The lowest net present cost of $96,899.16 and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.090/kWh were achieved. This system attains 25 % excess electricity, maintains a 0 % unmet electric load, and demonstrates robust environmental performance with a renewable penetration rate of 91.8 %. Approximately 53.34 % of greenhouse gas emissions are reduced compared to the PV/DG/BESS configuration. The study confirmed the significant impacts of all sensitivity parameters on operational costs, LCOE, fuel prices, fuel intake, and renewable fraction. The overall results indicate superior performance in the optimal system case, offering a feasible and suitable choice for the sustainable electrification of rural communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100780"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0