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The quality and nutritional value of beef from Angus steers fed different levels of humate (K Humate S100R) 饲喂不同腐植酸含量(K Humate S100R)的安格斯母牛的牛肉质量和营养价值
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100355
Forough Ataollahi, John W. Piltz, Geoff R. Casburn, Benjamin W.B. Holman

This study compared the effect of four levels of K Humate S100R (potassium humate) supplementation on the quality, shelf-life, and nutritional properties of beef. Angus steers (n = 40) were individually housed and fed either 0, 35, 70, or 140 g K Humate S100R/animal/day for 100 days, following a 30 day adjustment period. The steers were slaughtered at the completion of the feeding study. The left m. longissimus lumborum (LL) was collected at 24 h post-mortem and aged for either 2 or 6 weeks before analysis. K Humate S100R supplementation did not affect beef drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, sarcomere length, ultimate pH, intramuscular fat content, or total volatile basic nitrogen concentrations (P > 0.05). Steers supplemented with 70 g/day K Humate S100R produced beef with higher a* values on Days 1 and 3 of retail display (P < 0.05). Beef mineral composition was unchanged by K Humate S100R supplementation (P > 0.05), but there were minor changes to the fatty acid profile. Specifically, the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 (P < 0.05) and C20:2n-6 concentrations (P < 0.05) increased with supplementation level. Together, these results demonstrate no detrimental effects on beef quality and shelf-life as a result of K Humate S100R supplementation.

本研究比较了补充四种水平的 K Humate S100R(腐植酸钾)对牛肉质量、货架期和营养特性的影响。对安格斯小公牛(n = 40)进行单独饲养,每头小公牛/天喂食 0、35、70 或 140 克腐植酸钾 S100R,连续喂食 100 天,然后经过 30 天的调整期。饲喂研究结束后,这些阉牛被宰杀。在宰后 24 小时收集左侧腰长肌(LL),并在分析前陈化 2 或 6 周。补充 K Humate S100R 不会影响牛肉的滴水损失、蒸煮损失、剪切力、肌纤维长度、最终 pH 值、肌肉内脂肪含量或总挥发性碱基氮浓度(P > 0.05)。在零售展示的第 1 天和第 3 天,每天补充 70 克 K Humate S100R 的母牛生产的牛肉具有更高的 a* 值(P < 0.05)。补充 K Humate S100R 后,牛肉的矿物质组成没有变化(P >0.05),但脂肪酸组成发生了细微变化。具体来说,ω-6 与ω-3 的比例(P <0.05)和 C20:2n-6 的浓度(P <0.05)随着补充量的增加而增加。总之,这些结果表明,补充腐植酸 K S100R 不会对牛肉质量和货架期产生不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of peppermint essential oil and artifier on growth performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibilities in broiler chickens fed with low energy diets 薄荷精油和芳香剂对饲喂低能量日粮的肉鸡生长性能、胴体特征和营养物质消化率的影响
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100354
Shokoufe Ghazanfari, Ayub Shiri Ghzghapan, Shirin Honarbakhsh

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of peppermint essential oil (PEO) and an emulsifier called artifier on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens fed low-energy diets. A total of 240 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were divided into five treatments: control, low-energy diet, low-energy diet + 150 ppm PEO, low-energy diet + 300 ppm artifier, and low-energy diet + 150 ppm PEO + 300 ppm artifier. Each treatment was replicated four times in a completely randomized design. The chickens were fed these treatments during the starter, grower, and finisher periods for a total of 42 days. The results indicated that broiler chickens receiving the low-energy diet supplemented with PEO + artifier had similar body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and breast percentage, but exhibited significantly lower abdominal fat percentage compared to those fed the control diet (P < 0.05). Furthermore, birds receiving PEO and artifier in low-energy diets, either individually or in combination, demonstrated higher digestibility of dry matter and fat during the starter and grower periods in comparison to those receiving the low-energy diet without any additives (P < 0.05). Over the entire rearing period, the simultaneous inclusion of 150 ppm PEO and 300 ppm artifier in the low-energy diet resulted in comparable growth performance to the control diet. Additionally, the concurrent use of PEO and artifier in the low-energy diet for broiler chickens led to a decrease in abdominal fat, increased digestibility of fat and dry matter, and enhanced nutrient utilization compared to the control diet.

本实验的目的是研究薄荷精油(PEO)和一种名为artifier的乳化剂对饲喂低能量日粮的肉鸡的生长性能、胴体特征和营养物质消化率的影响。将 240 只一天龄的雄性罗斯 308 肉鸡分为五个处理:对照组、低能量日粮、低能量日粮 + 150 ppm PEO、低能量日粮 + 300 ppm artifier 和低能量日粮 + 150 ppm PEO + 300 ppm artifier。每个处理重复四次,采用完全随机设计。鸡在开产期、生长期和育成期饲喂这些处理,共计 42 天。结果表明,与饲喂对照组日粮的肉鸡相比,饲喂添加了 PEO+ artifier 的低能量日粮的肉鸡的体重增加、饲料转化率和胸围百分比相似,但腹部脂肪百分比明显较低(P <0.05)。此外,与未添加任何添加剂的低能量日粮相比,在低能量日粮中单独或混合添加 PEO 和 artifier 的鸡在初生期和生长期表现出更高的干物质和脂肪消化率(P < 0.05)。在整个饲养期间,在低能量日粮中同时添加 150 ppm PEO 和 300 ppm artifier 的生长性能与对照日粮相当。此外,与对照日粮相比,在肉鸡低能量日粮中同时添加 PEO 和 artifier 可减少腹部脂肪,增加脂肪和干物质的消化率,提高营养利用率。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnostic utility of selected faecal biochemical parameters in the determination of acute diarrhoea and associated defecation stooling characteristics in dogs: An observational study 选定粪便生化指标在确定犬急性腹泻和相关排便特征方面的诊断作用:观察研究
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100353
Obed D. Acheampong , Emmanuel K. Ofori , Sherry A.M. Johnson , Bill C. Egyam , Kweku Asare-Dompreh , Seth K. Amponsah , Henry Asare-Anane

Diarrhoea, which is a clinical manifestation of various illnesses, is frequently observed in dogs. Regrettably, many dog owners find it difficult to provide comprehensive case histories, primarily because of limited interaction with their canine companions. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of faecal biochemical analytes in detecting and characterizing acute diarrhoea in dogs. Sixty-two domestic dogs were selected using the proportionate stratified sample technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic and clinical data. Faecal stool specimens from the dogs were obtained using the colon flush technique. The specimens were taken through biochemical analysis to determine urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, gamma-glutamyl transferase and uric acid levels. Results showed a significant association between the diarrhoea status of the participants and their age, weight, breed, body size, source of last diet, period of inappetence, and other gastrointestinal signs (p < 0.050, respectively). Dogs that had not eaten in at least three days were five times more likely (p < 0.05) to have diarrhoea. Furthermore, miniature breeds were about six times more likely to develop diarrhoea (p < 0.05). Of the seven selected biochemical parameters, total faecal cholesterol was the most predictive index in diagnosing acute diarrhoea in dogs, with a likelihood ratio of 6.5, and it was the most accurate in predicting defecation stooling frequency and texture. In summary, in situations of inadequate case histories, measuring total faecal cholesterol could assist veterinarians in detecting diarrhoea and predicting its faecal stooling texture and frequency in dogs.

腹泻是各种疾病的一种临床表现,在狗身上经常可以看到。遗憾的是,许多狗的主人发现很难提供全面的病史,主要是因为与他们的狗伴侣交流有限。本研究旨在评估粪便生化分析物在检测和描述犬急性腹泻方面的潜力。研究采用比例分层抽样技术选取了 62 只家犬。采用结构化问卷收集人口统计学和临床数据。采用结肠冲洗技术获得了狗的粪便标本。对标本进行生化分析,以确定尿素、肌酐、总胆红素、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、γ-谷氨酰转移酶和尿酸水平。结果显示,参与者的腹泻状况与他们的年龄、体重、品种、体型、最后一次进食的来源、不合群的时间以及其他胃肠道症状之间存在明显的关联(p 分别为 0.050)。至少三天未进食的狗狗发生腹泻的几率要高出五倍(p < 0.05)。此外,微型犬患上腹泻的几率是普通犬的六倍(p < 0.05)。在所选的七项生化指标中,粪便总胆固醇是诊断犬急性腹泻的最具预测性的指标,似然比为 6.5,而且在预测排便次数和粪便质地方面最为准确。总之,在病史不足的情况下,测量粪便总胆固醇可帮助兽医检测犬腹泻并预测其粪便质地和频率。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancement of selectivity, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level, alkaline phosphatase activity and reproductive performance in gilts and primiparous sows using 14-epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 使用25-羟基维生素D3的14-表聚体提高后备母猪和初产母猪的选择性、25-羟基维生素D3水平、碱性磷酸酶活性和繁殖性能
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100352
Prester C.John Okafor , Nattanit Jimongkolkul , Anchalee Khongpradit , Wunwinee Ahiwichai , Nitipong Homwong

Selecting breed-worthy gilts as sow replacements is essential for continuity of pig production cycle. Though vitamin D3 (VD3) is known to enhance reproductive performance of multiparous sows, there is still a knowledge gap on its impact in developing gilts and primiparous sows. This study was aimed to quantify plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and examine the reproductive performance of primiparous sows fed diets supplemented with regular VD3, and its 25(OH)D3 epimers. The study sample comprised 10-week-old replacement gilts (50 % Landrace x 50 % Yorkshire, N = 180) assigned in a randomized complete block design to three treatments [2,000 IU/kg of VD3 (T1), 25 µg/kg of 14‑epi-25(OH)D3, half dose (T2), and 50 µg/kg of 25(OH)D3 (T3)] equilibrated to 2,000 IU/kg in base diets. Selections occurred at 22, 27 and 35 weeks of age, respectively. Plasma 25(OH)D3, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone structure and reproductive performance were analyzed. Dietary treatments influenced carpus (P = 0.023), fore view stance (P = 0.017), infantile vulva (P = 0.014), inverted (P = 0.048), and prominent teat (P < 0.001). Post-partum 25(OH)D3 concentration and ALP activity were elevated by day 25 (P < 0.001). Treatment diets also influenced total born (P < 0.001), born alive (P = 0.048), and still born (P = 0.049). Two factors affect circulating 25(OH)D3 and ALP activity: physiological changes in sows during lactation, and dietary 25(OH)D3 intake. 14‑epi-25(OH)D3 is a potent metabolite for improving maturation of reproductive organs in developing gilts. It also reduces still birth in primiparous sows.

选择适合繁殖的后备母猪作为母猪替代品对猪生产周期的连续性至关重要。尽管众所周知维生素 D3(VD3)可提高多胎母猪的繁殖性能,但对其对后备母猪和初产母猪的影响仍缺乏了解。本研究旨在量化血浆 25- 羟基维生素 D3 (25(OH)D3)、血清碱性磷酸酶 (ALP),并检测初产母猪饲喂添加常规 VD3 及其 25(OH)D3 表聚物的日粮的繁殖性能。研究样本包括 10 周龄的后备母猪(50 % 兰德赛 x 50 % 约克夏,N = 180),按照随机完全区组设计将其分配到三种处理中[2,000 IU/kg VD3(T1)、25 µg/kg 14-epi-25(OH)D3 半剂量(T2)和 50 µg/kg 25(OH)D3(T3)],基础日粮中的剂量平衡为 2,000 IU/kg。选择时间分别为 22、27 和 35 周龄。对血浆 25(OH)D3、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨骼结构和繁殖性能进行了分析。日粮处理对腕骨(P = 0.023)、前视姿态(P = 0.017)、幼年外阴(P = 0.014)、倒置(P = 0.048)和突出乳头(P < 0.001)有影响。产后第 25 天,25(OH)D3 浓度和 ALP 活性升高(P < 0.001)。处理日粮还影响总出生数(P < 0.001)、活产儿(P = 0.048)和死产儿(P = 0.049)。影响循环中 25(OH)D3 和 ALP 活性的因素有两个:母猪哺乳期的生理变化和日粮中 25(OH)D3 的摄入量。14-epi-25(OH)D3 是一种有效的代谢物,可促进发育中后备母猪生殖器官的成熟。它还能减少初产母猪的死胎。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating estrus synchronization and early pregnancy detection in Ossimi sheep: The influence of fluorogestone acetate treatment duration and dosage 评估奥西米羊的发情同步和早孕检测:醋酸氟孕酮治疗时间和剂量的影响
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100351
Maha S. Salama , Mohey A. Ashour , Ehab S. Taher , Ismail El-kon , Samy Sayed , Lamya Ahmed Alkeridis , Batrina Stefan , Imbrea Ana-Maria , Laila A. Al-Shuraym , Mustafa Shukry

Estrus synchronization is important for improving sheep reproduction. To enhance sheep reproduction efficiency, this study investigated the impact of different durations (7 vs. 14 days) and fluorogestone acetate (FGA) doses in intravaginal sponges on estrus synchronization and early pregnancy detection in Ossimi sheep. Two hundred ewes were evenly divided into two groups, each receiving a full 40 mg or a halved 20 mg FGA sponge for their respective durations. The study aimed to optimize breeding efficiency by examining the effectiveness of these treatments in synchronizing estrous cycles and by evaluating the use of serum levels of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1 (PAG1) and progesterone (P4) as markers for early pregnancy identification. Prostaglandin F and equine chorionic gonadotropin were administered to enhance the synchronization process. Results highlighted that the 7-day treatment protocol significantly improved estrus, pregnancy, and lambing rates compared to the 14-day protocol. Furthermore, pregnant ewes demonstrated elevated levels of PAG1 and P4, with PAG1 levels particularly higher in ewes with multiple pregnancies. The findings underscore that the shorter duration of FGA treatment is more effective for reproductive management in Ossimi sheep without significantly affecting PAG1 levels based on the dose or duration of FGA. PAG1 also proved to be a reliable marker for early pregnancy detection, offering a promising approach to identifying fetal numbers early in pregnancy. This research suggests optimizing FGA sponge use could be cost-efficient for improving reproductive efficiency and early pregnancy management in sheep.

发情同步对提高绵羊繁殖能力非常重要。为了提高绵羊的繁殖效率,本研究调查了阴道内海绵中不同的发情同步时间(7 天与 14 天)和醋酸氟孕酮(FGA)剂量对奥西米绵羊发情同步和早孕检测的影响。研究人员将 200 只母羊平均分为两组,每组在各自的时间段内接受全量 40 毫克或减半量 20 毫克的 FGA 海绵。该研究旨在通过检测这些治疗方法在同步发情周期方面的效果,以及评估血清中妊娠相关糖蛋白1(PAG1)和孕酮(P4)水平作为早期妊娠鉴定标志物的使用情况,来优化繁殖效率。此外,还使用了前列腺素 F2α 和马绒毛膜促性腺激素来加强同步化过程。结果表明,与 14 天的治疗方案相比,7 天的治疗方案明显提高了发情率、妊娠率和产羔率。此外,妊娠母羊的 PAG1 和 P4 水平升高,尤其是多胎妊娠母羊的 PAG1 水平更高。研究结果表明,缩短 FGA 治疗时间对奥西米羊的繁殖管理更有效,且不会因 FGA 的剂量或持续时间而显著影响 PAG1 水平。PAG1 也被证明是早孕检测的可靠标记物,为在妊娠早期识别胎儿数量提供了一种很有前景的方法。这项研究表明,优化 FGA 海绵的使用可提高绵羊的繁殖效率和早期妊娠管理的成本效益。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of dietary methionine to crude protein ratio on performance of Ross 308 broiler chickens aged 22 to 42 days 日粮蛋氨酸与粗蛋白比对 22 至 42 日龄 Ross 308 肉鸡生产性能的影响
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100350
Ng'ambi Jones Wilfred , Paledi Mashego Queen , Manyelo Tlou Grace , Tyasi Thobela Louis

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary methionine to crude protein (CP) ratio on the performance of male Ross 308 broiler chickens aged 22 to 42 days. The diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous but with different methionine-to-CP ratios. The diets, based on methionine to crude protein ratios, were M0.020 (0.020), M0.025 (0.025) M0.030 (0.030), M0.040 (0.040), or M0.045 (0.045). A complete randomized design was used. A quadratic type of equation was used to determine dietary methionine to CP ratios for optimal performance of the chickens. Dietary methionine to CP ratio had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake, live weight gain, live weight, feed efficiency, metabolizable energy intake, nitrogen retention, abdominal fat pad weight, breast meat nitrogen and methionine contents, and meat flavour and shear force values of the chickens, but it affected (P < 0.05) CP digestibility, carcass and breast weights, and breast meat tenderness and juiciness. Methionine to CP ratios of 0.039, 0.038, 0.050, and 0.050 were calculated to result in optimal CP digestibility, carcass weight, breast meat tenderness, and juiciness, respectively. These results may imply that dietary methionine to CP ratio requirements for broiler chickens will depend on the production parameter of interest.

我们进行了一项实验,以确定日粮中蛋氨酸与粗蛋白(CP)的比例对 22 至 42 日龄雄性罗斯 308 肉鸡生产性能的影响。日粮是等热量和等氮的,但蛋氨酸与 CP 的比例不同。根据蛋氨酸与粗蛋白的比率,日粮分别为 M0.020 (0.020)、M0.025 (0.025)、M0.030 (0.030)、M0.040 (0.040) 或 M0.045 (0.045)。采用完全随机设计。采用二次方程确定日粮蛋氨酸与 CP 的比例,以优化鸡的生产性能。日粮蛋氨酸与 CP 的比例对鸡的采食量、活体增重、活体体重、饲料效率、代谢能摄入量、氮滞留、腹部脂肪垫重量、胸脯肉氮和蛋氨酸含量以及肉味和剪切力值没有影响(P> 0.05),但对 CP 消化率、胴体和胸脯重量以及胸脯肉的嫩度和多汁性有影响(P< 0.05)。蛋氨酸与 CP 的比率分别为 0.039、0.038、0.050 和 0.050 时,CP 消化率、胴体重、胸脯肉嫩度和多汁性均达到最佳。这些结果可能意味着,肉鸡对日粮蛋氨酸与 CP 比率的要求将取决于相关的生产参数。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of hematoprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory potentials of chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) extract in rats 评估奇异籽(Salvia hispanica L.)提取物对大鼠的血液保护、肝脏保护和抗炎潜力
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100349
Sabbya Sachi , Mst. Prianka Jahan , Purba Islam , Kazi Rafiq , Md. Zahorul Islam

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chia seed extract on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity, hematological profile, and carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats. Water-ethanol-acetone extract of chia seeds at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight/day were applied to evaluate the comparative protective roles. Hematological profile and serum biochemical parameters were measured to evaluate the hematoprotective, and hepatoprotective effects of chia seed extract. Paw thickness and motility level were assessed at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 h after sub-planter injection of carrageenan to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential. Tissue histopathology was performed in both cases. Chia seed extract reduced the elevated level of serum AST and ALT significantly in a dose-dependent manner following intra-peritoneal injection of CCl4. Histopathological study of the liver tissue exhibited acute impairment of the hepatocytes and liver parenchyma following CCl4 exposure, which was markedly regenerated by the chia seed extract treatment. Protective effects of the extracts were also evidenced by the RBC count, Hb (%), PCV (%), ESR, and neutrophil count. Chia seed extract was found to inhibit the carrageenan-induced paw edema and increase motility level in a dose-oriented fashion. Histological examination of the paw tissue revealed severe inflammation characterized by massive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the carrageenan group, which was significantly reduced by chia seed extract treatment. The higher dose of chia seed extract showed significant increases in bodyweight gain and feed efficiency ratio but decrease in visceral fat deposition. These results suggest that chia seeds possess potentials for hematoprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities.

本研究旨在评估奇异籽提取物对四氯化碳诱导的大鼠肝毒性、血液学特征和卡拉胶诱导的炎症的影响。研究采用奇异籽的水乙醇丙酮提取物,剂量分别为 200 毫克/千克体重/天和 400 毫克/千克体重/天,以评估其比较保护作用。测量血液学特征和血清生化参数,以评估奇异籽提取物的血液保护作用和肝脏保护作用。在亚植株注射卡拉胶后的 0、1、3、5 和 7 小时评估爪的厚度和运动水平,以评价抗炎潜力。对两种情况都进行了组织病理学检查。腹腔注射 CCl4 后,奇异籽提取物以剂量依赖的方式显著降低了血清 AST 和 ALT 的升高水平。对肝组织的组织病理学研究显示,接触 CCl4 后,肝细胞和肝实质受到急性损伤,而奇异籽提取物处理后,肝细胞和肝实质明显再生。提取物的保护作用还体现在红细胞计数、血红蛋白(%)、PCV(%)、血沉和中性粒细胞计数上。研究发现,奇异籽提取物以剂量为导向的方式抑制了卡拉胶诱导的爪水肿并提高了运动水平。爪组织的组织学检查显示,角叉菜胶组的炎症细胞大量浸润,炎症程度严重,而奇异籽提取物治疗后炎症程度明显减轻。较高剂量的奇异籽提取物可显著提高体重增加和饲料效率比,但会减少内脏脂肪沉积。这些结果表明,奇异籽具有潜在的血液保护、肝脏保护和抗炎活性。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the Newcastle disease virus genotype VII–mismatched vaccines in SPF chickens: A challenge efficacy study 在 SPF 鸡中评估新城疫病毒基因 VII 型错配疫苗:挑战效力研究
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100348
Mohammad Hassanzadeh , Mehran Abedi , Mohsen Bashashati , Ali Reza Yousefi , Mohammad Abdoshah , Sara Mirzaie

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains, while falling under a single serotype, are classified into distinct genotypes. Genotype VII virulent NDVs pose a significant threat to poultry due to their association with high mortality rates and economic losses. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three commercial live vaccines based on genotype II against genotype VII virulent NDV (vNDV) in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. Forty one-day-old chickens were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10) and inoculated with one dose of each ND pneumotropic vaccine—B1, Clone.12IR, and La Sota—or received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a control at eight days of age via eye drop. At 28 days of age (20th post-vaccination days), chickens were intramuscularly challenged with genotype VII virulent NDV (≥ 105 LD50). Serum samples were collected at 28 days of age (challenge day), 7 and 14 post-challenge days to measure NDV antibodies via the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs were taken on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 10th post-challenge days to evaluate virus shedding. Vaccinated groups exhibited significantly higher antibody titers and greater protection levels compared to the control group (P≤ 0.001). While HI antibody titer was not different at 28 and 35 days of age between vaccinated chickens, the Clone.12IR groups showed higher HI antibody titer compared to B1 at day 42 of age (9.43 vs. 7.42; P≤ 0.002). La Sota and Clone.12IR vaccines demonstrated superior protection against mortality compared to the B1 vaccine (90 %, 80% vs. 60 %, respectively) with 6.0 and 2.67 odds ratio of survivability. All three mismatched vaccines effectively curbed the shedding of virulent genotype VII NDV, with 0 % to 11 % positive cloacal samples up to the 3rd post-challenge day. These findings demonstrate that in the experimental setting, the administration of mismatched ND vaccines, particularly La Sota and Clone.12IR, confer protection against genotype VII virulent NDV and control viral shedding, which can help to develop effective vaccination strategies to mitigate the impact of vNDV outbreaks in the poultry farms.

新城疫病毒(NDV)毒株虽然属于单一血清型,但也分为不同的基因型。基因型 VII 毒性 NDV 对家禽构成重大威胁,因为它们与高死亡率和经济损失有关。本研究旨在评估三种基于基因型 II 的商用活疫苗对基因型 VII 强毒 NDV(vNDV)在无特定病原体(SPF)鸡中的效力。将 40 只一天龄的鸡随机分为四组(n = 10),分别接种一剂 ND 肺炎病疫苗-B1、Clone.12IR 和 La Sota,或在 8 日龄时滴眼用磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)作为对照。28 日龄时(接种后第 20 天),用基因型 VII 病毒 NDV(半数致死剂量≥ 105)对鸡进行肌肉注射。在 28 日龄(挑战日)、挑战后第 7 天和第 14 天采集血清样本,通过血凝抑制 (HI) 试验测定 NDV 抗体。在挑战后第 3、5、7 和 10 天采集泄殖腔和口咽拭子,以评估病毒脱落情况。与对照组相比,接种组的抗体滴度明显更高,保护水平更高(P≤ 0.001)。虽然接种疫苗的鸡在 28 日龄和 35 日龄时的 HI 抗体滴度没有差异,但在 42 日龄时,Clone.12IR 组的 HI 抗体滴度比 B1 组高(9.43 对 7.42;P≤ 0.002)。与B1疫苗相比,La Sota和Clone.12IR疫苗对死亡率的保护作用更强(分别为90%、80%和60%),存活率分别为6.0和2.67。所有三种错配疫苗都能有效抑制毒性基因型 VII NDV 的脱落,直到挑战后第 3 天,泄殖腔样本中的阳性率从 0% 到 11%不等。这些研究结果表明,在实验环境中接种错配 ND 疫苗,尤其是 La Sota 和 Clone.12IR,可对基因 VII 型毒力 NDV 产生保护作用并控制病毒脱落,这有助于制定有效的疫苗接种策略,减轻 vNDV 在家禽养殖场爆发的影响。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Newcastle disease virus genotype VII–mismatched vaccines in SPF chickens: A challenge efficacy study","authors":"Mohammad Hassanzadeh ,&nbsp;Mehran Abedi ,&nbsp;Mohsen Bashashati ,&nbsp;Ali Reza Yousefi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abdoshah ,&nbsp;Sara Mirzaie","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains, while falling under a single serotype, are classified into distinct genotypes. Genotype VII virulent NDVs pose a significant threat to poultry due to their association with high mortality rates and economic losses. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three commercial live vaccines based on genotype II against genotype VII virulent NDV (vNDV) in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. Forty one-day-old chickens were randomly divided into four groups (<em>n</em> = 10) and inoculated with one dose of each ND pneumotropic vaccine—B1, Clone.12IR, and La Sota—or received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a control at eight days of age via eye drop. At 28 days of age (20th post-vaccination days), chickens were intramuscularly challenged with genotype VII virulent NDV (≥ 10<sup>5</sup> LD<sub>50</sub>). Serum samples were collected at 28 days of age (challenge day), 7 and 14 post-challenge days to measure NDV antibodies via the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs were taken on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 10th post-challenge days to evaluate virus shedding. Vaccinated groups exhibited significantly higher antibody titers and greater protection levels compared to the control group (<em>P</em>≤ 0.001). While HI antibody titer was not different at 28 and 35 days of age between vaccinated chickens, the Clone.12IR groups showed higher HI antibody titer compared to B1 at day 42 of age (9.43 vs. 7.42; <em>P</em>≤ 0.002). La Sota and Clone.12IR vaccines demonstrated superior protection against mortality compared to the B1 vaccine (90 %, 80% vs. 60 %, respectively) with 6.0 and 2.67 odds ratio of survivability. All three mismatched vaccines effectively curbed the shedding of virulent genotype VII NDV, with 0 % to 11 % positive cloacal samples up to the 3rd post-challenge day. These findings demonstrate that in the experimental setting, the administration of mismatched ND vaccines, particularly La Sota and Clone.12IR, confer protection against genotype VII virulent NDV and control viral shedding, which can help to develop effective vaccination strategies to mitigate the impact of vNDV outbreaks in the poultry farms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000152/pdfft?md5=d6b17c7349479401f0a51b182e36d428&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000152-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140406384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rabies incidence and burden in three cities of Cameroon (2004–2013) 喀麦隆三个城市的狂犬病发病率和负担(2004-2013 年)
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100347
Ngah Osoe Bouli Freddy Patrick , Awah-Ndukum Julius , Mingoas Kilekoung Jean-Pierre , Mouiche Mouliom Mohamed Moctar

Rabies is a fatal disease occurring worldwide and especially in almost all the countries in Asia and Africa including Cameroon. Though animal and human rabies is prevalent in Cameroon, the epidemiology and socio-economic burden of the disease in the country is not known. Therefore, a 10-year (October 2004–April 2013) retrospective study on the incidence of animal and human rabies and its burden in Garoua, Ngaoundéré and Yaoundé in Cameroon was carried out. Records of human cases were extracted from the database of the regional hospitals, and animal cases from the databases of Centre Pasteur and National Veterinary Laboratory. The burden of the disease was assessed through the estimation of costs linked to preventive measures (vaccination), corrective procedures (Post Exposure Treatment), Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) and overall societal cost of the disease. Overall, 56 rabies-suspected human deaths, corresponding to an incidence of 0.02 ± 0.00 ‱ and Animal Rabies Incidence (ARI) of 0.37 ± 0.00 % among 1844 suspected animal cases were recorded. The economic loss due to preventive measures of 326,046 ± 28,130.85 USD, related to corrective procedures of 806,741.25 ± 2,466.08 USD, and DALY of 1690.28 ± 4.76 years were estimated. This is the first study that highlights the enormous socio-economic burden associated with animal and human rabies in endemic parts of Cameroon and emphasizes on enhancing rabies eradication strategy focusing on the One Health approach.

狂犬病是一种致命疾病,在世界各地都有发生,尤其是在包括喀麦隆在内的几乎所有亚洲和非洲国家。虽然动物和人类狂犬病在喀麦隆很普遍,但该疾病在喀麦隆的流行病学和社会经济负担尚不清楚。因此,我们对喀麦隆加鲁阿、恩冈代雷和雅温得的人畜狂犬病发病率及其负担进行了一项为期 10 年(2004 年 10 月至 2013 年 4 月)的回顾性研究。人类病例记录来自地区医院数据库,动物病例记录来自巴斯德中心和国家兽医实验室数据库。通过估算与预防措施(疫苗接种)、纠正程序(暴露后治疗)、残疾调整生命年(DALY)和该疾病的总体社会成本相关的成本,对该疾病的负担进行了评估。总体而言,在 1844 个疑似动物病例中,有 56 例疑似狂犬病患者死亡,发病率为 0.02 ± 0.00 ‱,动物狂犬病发病率为 0.37 ± 0.00 %。据估计,预防措施造成的经济损失为 326,046 ± 28,130.85 美元,与纠正程序相关的经济损失为 806,741.25 ± 2,466.08 美元,残疾调整寿命年数为 1690.28 ± 4.76 年。这项研究首次强调了喀麦隆狂犬病流行地区与动物和人类狂犬病相关的巨大社会经济负担,并强调要加强以 "一体健康 "方法为重点的狂犬病根除战略。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of topical amniotic membrane suspension and ReGeneraTing Agent on early corneal stromal healing in rats 局部羊膜悬液和 ReGeneraTing 剂对大鼠早期角膜基质愈合的影响研究
IF 1.5 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100344
Hao Lee , Wei-Hsiang Huang , Yi-Chen Sun , Chung-Tien Lin

Innovative topical bioregenerative materials promoting corneal stromal healing provide valuable alternatives for treating patients with deep corneal ulcers, and particularly beneficial for those with a higher anaesthetic risk. This study aimed to investigate the effects of topical amniotic membrane suspension (AMS) and ReGeneraTing Agent (RGTA) on surgically induced deep stromal ulcers in rats. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 treatment groups: control group (topical normal saline, TID); AMS group (topical AMS, TID); RGTA group (topical RGTA, Q2D). Corneal microsurgery was used to create deep stromal ulcer. Evaluations were performed by corneal opacity grading, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. One-way ANOVA and Dunnett's test were used for statistical analysis. By the seventh day of treatment, both the AMS and RGTA groups showed significantly greater thickness in corneal stroma (both p-value < 0.05) than the control group. Additionally, the RGTA group exhibited a significantly higher degree of myofibroblast infiltration in the stroma and a greater level of corneal opacity (p < 0.05). No significant differences in the count of inflammatory cells were noted. In conclusion, both AMS and RGTA have demonstrated effectiveness in promoting the early stages of stromal wound healing and wound defect recovery in our research. Both AMS and RGTA have good potential for treating deep corneal ulcers in small animals practice. Further research is necessary to investigate the long-term effects and mechanism of using topical AMS and RGTA on treating deep corneal ulcer in clinical practice.

促进角膜基质愈合的创新性局部生物再生材料为治疗深层角膜溃疡患者提供了宝贵的替代方法,尤其是对麻醉风险较高的患者有益。本研究旨在探讨外用羊膜悬液(AMS)和再生剂(RGTA)对手术诱导的大鼠深层基质溃疡的影响。18 只 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠分为 3 个治疗组:对照组(外用生理盐水,TID);AMS 组(外用 AMS,TID);RGTA 组(外用 RGTA,Q2D)。采用角膜显微手术制造深层基质溃疡。通过角膜翳分级、光谱域光学相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)、组织病理学和免疫组化进行评估。统计分析采用单因素方差分析和邓尼特检验。治疗第七天时,AMS 组和 RGTA 组的角膜基质厚度均明显高于对照组(P 值均为 0.05)。此外,RGTA 组基质中的肌成纤维细胞浸润程度明显高于对照组,角膜混浊程度也更高(p 值为 0.05)。炎症细胞计数无明显差异。总之,在我们的研究中,AMS 和 RGTA 在促进基质伤口愈合和伤口缺损恢复的早期阶段都显示出了有效性。AMS 和 RGTA 都具有治疗小动物角膜深层溃疡的良好潜力。在临床实践中,有必要进一步研究局部使用 AMS 和 RGTA 治疗深层角膜溃疡的长期效果和机制。
{"title":"Investigation of topical amniotic membrane suspension and ReGeneraTing Agent on early corneal stromal healing in rats","authors":"Hao Lee ,&nbsp;Wei-Hsiang Huang ,&nbsp;Yi-Chen Sun ,&nbsp;Chung-Tien Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Innovative topical bioregenerative materials promoting corneal stromal healing provide valuable alternatives for treating patients with deep corneal ulcers, and particularly beneficial for those with a higher anaesthetic risk. This study aimed to investigate the effects of topical amniotic membrane suspension (AMS) and ReGeneraTing Agent (RGTA) on surgically induced deep stromal ulcers in rats. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 treatment groups: control group (topical normal saline, TID); AMS group (topical AMS, TID); RGTA group (topical RGTA, Q2D). Corneal microsurgery was used to create deep stromal ulcer. Evaluations were performed by corneal opacity grading, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. One-way ANOVA and Dunnett's test were used for statistical analysis. By the seventh day of treatment, both the AMS and RGTA groups showed significantly greater thickness in corneal stroma (both <em>p</em>-value &lt; 0.05) than the control group. Additionally, the RGTA group exhibited a significantly higher degree of myofibroblast infiltration in the stroma and a greater level of corneal opacity (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). No significant differences in the count of inflammatory cells were noted. In conclusion, both AMS and RGTA have demonstrated effectiveness in promoting the early stages of stromal wound healing and wound defect recovery in our research. Both AMS and RGTA have good potential for treating deep corneal ulcers in small animals practice. Further research is necessary to investigate the long-term effects and mechanism of using topical AMS and RGTA on treating deep corneal ulcer in clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000115/pdfft?md5=8b0de9be5632dbf65c0c6506f831470a&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000115-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140121810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Veterinary and Animal Science
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