Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917788
Saad Alqahtani, Abdullah Shaher, Ali Garada, L. Cipcigan
The transition toward a zero-carbon society is the driving force for pushing traditional power systems to dramatically increase the share of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs). The high penetration of RESs in modern power systems would lead to a reduction in system inertia as they are indirectly connected to the grid using power converters. This reduction in the rotational inertia associated with synchronous generation might result in deteriorated frequency response following a power disturbance. This paper investigates the impact of high penetration of inverter-fed generation technologies on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) grid. The impact of RESs has been studied through the simulation of four case studies of the future KSA power system using MATLAB/Simulink simulation software. The model was tested after the integration of various penetration levels of RESs into the grid. The simulation results showed that high penetration of RESs would lead to a severe effect on the frequency response. The importance of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) for compensating the reduction in the system inertia has been addressed. The results showed the aggregated BESSs effectiveness for improving the stability of the system frequency.
{"title":"Frequency Stability in Renewable-Rich Modern Power Systems, Saudi Grid Case Study","authors":"Saad Alqahtani, Abdullah Shaher, Ali Garada, L. Cipcigan","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917788","url":null,"abstract":"The transition toward a zero-carbon society is the driving force for pushing traditional power systems to dramatically increase the share of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs). The high penetration of RESs in modern power systems would lead to a reduction in system inertia as they are indirectly connected to the grid using power converters. This reduction in the rotational inertia associated with synchronous generation might result in deteriorated frequency response following a power disturbance. This paper investigates the impact of high penetration of inverter-fed generation technologies on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) grid. The impact of RESs has been studied through the simulation of four case studies of the future KSA power system using MATLAB/Simulink simulation software. The model was tested after the integration of various penetration levels of RESs into the grid. The simulation results showed that high penetration of RESs would lead to a severe effect on the frequency response. The importance of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) for compensating the reduction in the system inertia has been addressed. The results showed the aggregated BESSs effectiveness for improving the stability of the system frequency.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132624116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917963
A. H. Dabashi, D. Qiu, G. Taylor, Xin Zhang
Electrical power systems have evolved into cyber-physical power systems (CPPS). The increasing interdependence between electrical power systems and cyber systems has introduced new sources of failure as well as causing additional security concerns. Therefore, it is vital to study the increasing level of interdependency using a whole system approach. Whilst power systems and cyber systems have well-matured models and simulation tools in their own regard, adequate whole system analysis tools are yet to be established. After evaluating the whole system challenges of CPPS modelling, this paper introduces a novel index for determining cyber node importance in a graph-based CPPS model. The proposed cyber node importance index (CNII) considers cascading failure, betweenness centrality and the time delay of the shortest paths, which provides a more accurate representation of power systems. To demonstrate the applicability of this approach, the UK’s British Telecom 21st Century Network (BT 21CN) was linked with the GB Transmission System Reduced Model (GB TSRM). Experimental results show the improved accuracy and utility of this method as well as the applicability of analysing cyber contingencies in graph-based CPPS models.
{"title":"Determining Node Importance in Graph-Based Modelling of Cyber-Physical Power Systems","authors":"A. H. Dabashi, D. Qiu, G. Taylor, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917963","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical power systems have evolved into cyber-physical power systems (CPPS). The increasing interdependence between electrical power systems and cyber systems has introduced new sources of failure as well as causing additional security concerns. Therefore, it is vital to study the increasing level of interdependency using a whole system approach. Whilst power systems and cyber systems have well-matured models and simulation tools in their own regard, adequate whole system analysis tools are yet to be established. After evaluating the whole system challenges of CPPS modelling, this paper introduces a novel index for determining cyber node importance in a graph-based CPPS model. The proposed cyber node importance index (CNII) considers cascading failure, betweenness centrality and the time delay of the shortest paths, which provides a more accurate representation of power systems. To demonstrate the applicability of this approach, the UK’s British Telecom 21st Century Network (BT 21CN) was linked with the GB Transmission System Reduced Model (GB TSRM). Experimental results show the improved accuracy and utility of this method as well as the applicability of analysing cyber contingencies in graph-based CPPS models.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"571 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132393087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917595
A. Ciocia, D. Enescu, A. Amato, Gabriele Malgaroli, Raffaele Polacco, Fabio Amico, F. Spertino
The double use of the land in the AgriVoltaic (AV) sites allows to “doubly harvest from the sun’, increasing the land use exploitation with lower environmental impact. This effect strongly depends on the system configuration for both the PV and agricultural sides. The choice is between a high-density PV module arrangement, with high PV production and low agricultural harvesting, or a highly spaced arrangement with lower PV production. The present work presents a case study in Southern Italy: the simulated PV plant can have two different layouts (rated power of 7.13 MW or 5. 6SMW), and each hectare can include the plantation of about 900 Arbequina olive trees.
{"title":"Agrivoltaic System: a Case Study of PV Production and Olive Cultivation in Southern Italy","authors":"A. Ciocia, D. Enescu, A. Amato, Gabriele Malgaroli, Raffaele Polacco, Fabio Amico, F. Spertino","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917595","url":null,"abstract":"The double use of the land in the AgriVoltaic (AV) sites allows to “doubly harvest from the sun’, increasing the land use exploitation with lower environmental impact. This effect strongly depends on the system configuration for both the PV and agricultural sides. The choice is between a high-density PV module arrangement, with high PV production and low agricultural harvesting, or a highly spaced arrangement with lower PV production. The present work presents a case study in Southern Italy: the simulated PV plant can have two different layouts (rated power of 7.13 MW or 5. 6SMW), and each hectare can include the plantation of about 900 Arbequina olive trees.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131389499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917961
B. Ahmadi, N. B. Arias, Gerwin Hoogsteen, J. Hurink
This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization technique for scheduling the charging of electric vehicles (EVs) in electrical distribution systems (DSs). A multi-objective advanced grey wolf optimization algorithm (MOAGWO) is developed to find the Pareto optimal solutions that minimize the DS’s operational costs, energy losses costs, voltage violations, and the energy not supplied to EV users using several scenarios. A 449-node system with 63% penetration of EVs is used to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. The quality of the non-dominated optimal solutions found by MOAGWO are validated via a comparison analysis with other well-known methods such as the multi-objective grey wolf optimizer (MOGWO) and the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm, based on domination rate, spacing index, hypervolume index, and computational cost measurements. The Pareto solutions indicate that the smart charging coordination found by MOAGWO makes the techno-economic operation of the DS possible while satisfying energy-based goals of the EV users.
{"title":"Multi-objective Advanced Grey Wolf optimization Framework for Smart Charging Scheduling of EVs in Distribution Grids","authors":"B. Ahmadi, N. B. Arias, Gerwin Hoogsteen, J. Hurink","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917961","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization technique for scheduling the charging of electric vehicles (EVs) in electrical distribution systems (DSs). A multi-objective advanced grey wolf optimization algorithm (MOAGWO) is developed to find the Pareto optimal solutions that minimize the DS’s operational costs, energy losses costs, voltage violations, and the energy not supplied to EV users using several scenarios. A 449-node system with 63% penetration of EVs is used to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. The quality of the non-dominated optimal solutions found by MOAGWO are validated via a comparison analysis with other well-known methods such as the multi-objective grey wolf optimizer (MOGWO) and the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm, based on domination rate, spacing index, hypervolume index, and computational cost measurements. The Pareto solutions indicate that the smart charging coordination found by MOAGWO makes the techno-economic operation of the DS possible while satisfying energy-based goals of the EV users.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131534229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917671
Padoan Federico, Manu A. Haddad, M. Albano, S. Robson, Guo Dongsheng, Christopher Land, Neil Loftus
The Earthwire is an important device to shield the transmission line from lightnings and to exchange information among the substations. OPGWs (Optical ground wires) are widely used for these purposes. Technical operations on the line impose a temporary implementation of a second earthwire between the two circuits.In this paper a study is undertook to understand the possible variations in the electric and magnetic field distribution and the induced currents due to the installation in a trial site of the second OPGW. In order to ensure reliabilty to the simulation, a comparison of three different calculation techniques has been conducted, and a boundary element Method has been then implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics to study a 3D configuration of the line and quantity the electric field around the pylons.To estimate the induced currents, the software ATP-EMTP has been used simulating the conditions with and without the second earthwire.Good agreement has been reached between the different numerical techniques for the field calculation, and a high value of induced current has been found on the ground wires in the case of the implementation of a second one.A measurement system has been built in Cardiff University to measure in June and August 2022 the induced current values and validate the numerical models.
{"title":"Implementation of Second Earthwire on L6 400 kV Transmission Line","authors":"Padoan Federico, Manu A. Haddad, M. Albano, S. Robson, Guo Dongsheng, Christopher Land, Neil Loftus","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917671","url":null,"abstract":"The Earthwire is an important device to shield the transmission line from lightnings and to exchange information among the substations. OPGWs (Optical ground wires) are widely used for these purposes. Technical operations on the line impose a temporary implementation of a second earthwire between the two circuits.In this paper a study is undertook to understand the possible variations in the electric and magnetic field distribution and the induced currents due to the installation in a trial site of the second OPGW. In order to ensure reliabilty to the simulation, a comparison of three different calculation techniques has been conducted, and a boundary element Method has been then implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics to study a 3D configuration of the line and quantity the electric field around the pylons.To estimate the induced currents, the software ATP-EMTP has been used simulating the conditions with and without the second earthwire.Good agreement has been reached between the different numerical techniques for the field calculation, and a high value of induced current has been found on the ground wires in the case of the implementation of a second one.A measurement system has been built in Cardiff University to measure in June and August 2022 the induced current values and validate the numerical models.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125028553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917702
Mojtaba Mohseni, Ali Sedaghatkerdar, M. Mohseni, E. Heydarian‐Forushani, S. Guner, A. Ozdemir
The increasing penetration rate of distributed energy resources (DERs) influences the operation process of power systems and also results in lots of challenges. One of the major challenges is to scheduling of such sources, and one of the most applicable approaches is to operate them in the form of micro-grids (MGs). Thus, the decision-making framework of the power systems’ operation problems, in the emergence of MGs, has encountered a decentralized form instead of centralized one. Based on this change, the operation problem as well as the bidding strategy of the MGs participating in joint energy and reserve markets need new optimization approaches. Moreover, the control of uncertain parameters in the decision-making of MG operators (MGOs) should be molded through new mathematical Techniques. In this paper, the model of a grid-connected MG’s operation problem is proposed so that the MGO implements the demand response programs (DRPs), and deals with the uncertainties of the reserve deployment probability and the renewable energy sources (RESs). To achieve this aim, an information gap decision theory (IGDT)-based approach is applied with the purpose of controlling the risk-based decision-making of the MGO. Lastly, the validation of the model is investigated by employing it on a test modified 15-bus MG and the results reveal the difference between the decisions of the risk-averse and risk-taker MGO.
{"title":"Bidding Strategy of a Microgrid in Joint Energy and Reserve Markets: An IGDT-Based Approach","authors":"Mojtaba Mohseni, Ali Sedaghatkerdar, M. Mohseni, E. Heydarian‐Forushani, S. Guner, A. Ozdemir","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917702","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing penetration rate of distributed energy resources (DERs) influences the operation process of power systems and also results in lots of challenges. One of the major challenges is to scheduling of such sources, and one of the most applicable approaches is to operate them in the form of micro-grids (MGs). Thus, the decision-making framework of the power systems’ operation problems, in the emergence of MGs, has encountered a decentralized form instead of centralized one. Based on this change, the operation problem as well as the bidding strategy of the MGs participating in joint energy and reserve markets need new optimization approaches. Moreover, the control of uncertain parameters in the decision-making of MG operators (MGOs) should be molded through new mathematical Techniques. In this paper, the model of a grid-connected MG’s operation problem is proposed so that the MGO implements the demand response programs (DRPs), and deals with the uncertainties of the reserve deployment probability and the renewable energy sources (RESs). To achieve this aim, an information gap decision theory (IGDT)-based approach is applied with the purpose of controlling the risk-based decision-making of the MGO. Lastly, the validation of the model is investigated by employing it on a test modified 15-bus MG and the results reveal the difference between the decisions of the risk-averse and risk-taker MGO.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125291600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917616
M. Farrag, Chun Sing Lai, M. Darwish
This paper examines electric vehicle (EV) subsystems operation and will focus on power management (PM). PM is always concerned with the EVs battery performance, efficiency and lifetime. The battery plays a vital role in the EV’s performance, to provide the vehicle driving system with the energy needed for operation. Lithium-ion batteries have emerged as the battery of choice for EV manufacturers due to their high energy density and lightweight as compared to other energy storage. For the safe and dependable functioning of EV batteries, condition assessment of the batteries is significant. This is attained by a battery management system (BMS). In addition to the BMS, the optimal flow of energy between the battery, converters and additional vehicle components should also be regulated. This is called a power management control (PMC), where the vehicle’s optimum performance depends heavily on the nature of PMC. Therefore, the design of PMC is critical to reduce energy consumption, increase system efficiency and maximise battery life. This paper presents an overview of EVs battery modelling, technologies and properties. It shows the BMS performance indicator and the benefits of integrating battery and supercapacitor to optimise the energy consumption of EVs.
{"title":"Overview of Electric Vehicle Interconnected Subsystems","authors":"M. Farrag, Chun Sing Lai, M. Darwish","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917616","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines electric vehicle (EV) subsystems operation and will focus on power management (PM). PM is always concerned with the EVs battery performance, efficiency and lifetime. The battery plays a vital role in the EV’s performance, to provide the vehicle driving system with the energy needed for operation. Lithium-ion batteries have emerged as the battery of choice for EV manufacturers due to their high energy density and lightweight as compared to other energy storage. For the safe and dependable functioning of EV batteries, condition assessment of the batteries is significant. This is attained by a battery management system (BMS). In addition to the BMS, the optimal flow of energy between the battery, converters and additional vehicle components should also be regulated. This is called a power management control (PMC), where the vehicle’s optimum performance depends heavily on the nature of PMC. Therefore, the design of PMC is critical to reduce energy consumption, increase system efficiency and maximise battery life. This paper presents an overview of EVs battery modelling, technologies and properties. It shows the BMS performance indicator and the benefits of integrating battery and supercapacitor to optimise the energy consumption of EVs.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116841231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917862
Mozon Shadid, N. Harid, B. Barkat, A. Manjunath
Several techniques are currently used to monitor internal defects in power transformers. These are very useful for reducing failure rates and extending the service life of transformers. One of the most sensitive techniques is the frequency response analysis method that injects a swept frequency ac signal into the transformer winding and analyses differences between the measured output signal and a benchmark reference signal. This paper applies the impulse voltage method for the diagnosis of turn-to-turn short circuit faults inside a transformer winding. The input signals are a set of impulse voltages of different shapes instead of the standard ac signals of variable frequency. The merits of this method compared with the standard swept frequency method are a shorter time for testing and for signal analysis. The output results are processed to produce a frequency response plot of the winding. Measurement results on a small test transformer show that the plots are closely similar to those obtained using the swept frequency method. In this initial study, impulse voltages are used to emulate the naturally occurring transients in power systems such as switching events and tap changer operations. The sensitivity of the method is verified by applying statistical techniques to interpret the measured frequency response in different frequency bands.
{"title":"Application of the Impulse Response of Transformer Winding for Detection of Internal Turn-to-Turn Short Circuits","authors":"Mozon Shadid, N. Harid, B. Barkat, A. Manjunath","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917862","url":null,"abstract":"Several techniques are currently used to monitor internal defects in power transformers. These are very useful for reducing failure rates and extending the service life of transformers. One of the most sensitive techniques is the frequency response analysis method that injects a swept frequency ac signal into the transformer winding and analyses differences between the measured output signal and a benchmark reference signal. This paper applies the impulse voltage method for the diagnosis of turn-to-turn short circuit faults inside a transformer winding. The input signals are a set of impulse voltages of different shapes instead of the standard ac signals of variable frequency. The merits of this method compared with the standard swept frequency method are a shorter time for testing and for signal analysis. The output results are processed to produce a frequency response plot of the winding. Measurement results on a small test transformer show that the plots are closely similar to those obtained using the swept frequency method. In this initial study, impulse voltages are used to emulate the naturally occurring transients in power systems such as switching events and tap changer operations. The sensitivity of the method is verified by applying statistical techniques to interpret the measured frequency response in different frequency bands.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127248359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917810
I. Bancuta, D. Enescu, Elena Virjoghe
This paper addresses various aspects concerning the structure and application of thermoelectric devices. The first part deals with the experimental analysis conducted on the materials that form the thermoelements in a thermoelectric device. The paper recalls the main parameters investigated, describes the methods used in the experimental characterisation and shows the results of the experiments. The experimental results are useful for understanding the different characteristics of the materials used in the thermoelements. The successive part presents the results of the simulations carried out by considering the application of the thermoelements studied in the operational framework of an energy harvesting device, in which a temperature difference is converted into an output voltage that can supply an electrical load.
{"title":"Characterisation of the Thermoelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting Applications","authors":"I. Bancuta, D. Enescu, Elena Virjoghe","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917810","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses various aspects concerning the structure and application of thermoelectric devices. The first part deals with the experimental analysis conducted on the materials that form the thermoelements in a thermoelectric device. The paper recalls the main parameters investigated, describes the methods used in the experimental characterisation and shows the results of the experiments. The experimental results are useful for understanding the different characteristics of the materials used in the thermoelements. The successive part presents the results of the simulations carried out by considering the application of the thermoelements studied in the operational framework of an energy harvesting device, in which a temperature difference is converted into an output voltage that can supply an electrical load.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126642093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917970
Bozheng Li, Xin Zhang, Zekun Guo, Y. Yuan
With the increasing demand for clean energy and rapid development of battery technology, there has been a notable trend in developing aviation electrification, particularly for small or regional electric aircraft (EA). Nevertheless, large penetration of EA with high charging power could also influence the stable operation of the upstream grid and even cause severe problems, particularly causing voltage-drop issue. In this paper, the impact on voltage deviation of the Great Britain (GB) electrical power system with the electrification of commercial aviation in the UK is highlighted and analysed. A reduced model of the GB transmission system developed in DigSILENT PowerFactory with 36 zones is modified by incorporating the load curves of the EA charging demand into the model. Quasi-Dynamic simulation is used to obtain 24-hour voltage profiles of each zone. Meanwhile, the Granger causality test is utilised to analyse the voltage profiles obtained from the Quasi-Dynamic simulation and determine the causal effects of the voltage variation between different areas of GB. The results reveal the significant impact of EA charging on the system. When the EA charging demand reached nearly IOOOOMW at20:00, the system voltage dropped to 0.826 p.u. The locations of the most influential zones for voltage variation in the system are also illustrated and analysed in this paper.
{"title":"Study on the Impact of Aviation Electrification on Voltage Deviation of the GB Transmission System","authors":"Bozheng Li, Xin Zhang, Zekun Guo, Y. Yuan","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917970","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing demand for clean energy and rapid development of battery technology, there has been a notable trend in developing aviation electrification, particularly for small or regional electric aircraft (EA). Nevertheless, large penetration of EA with high charging power could also influence the stable operation of the upstream grid and even cause severe problems, particularly causing voltage-drop issue. In this paper, the impact on voltage deviation of the Great Britain (GB) electrical power system with the electrification of commercial aviation in the UK is highlighted and analysed. A reduced model of the GB transmission system developed in DigSILENT PowerFactory with 36 zones is modified by incorporating the load curves of the EA charging demand into the model. Quasi-Dynamic simulation is used to obtain 24-hour voltage profiles of each zone. Meanwhile, the Granger causality test is utilised to analyse the voltage profiles obtained from the Quasi-Dynamic simulation and determine the causal effects of the voltage variation between different areas of GB. The results reveal the significant impact of EA charging on the system. When the EA charging demand reached nearly IOOOOMW at20:00, the system voltage dropped to 0.826 p.u. The locations of the most influential zones for voltage variation in the system are also illustrated and analysed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129480658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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