Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917864
Melisa Ersoy, Gokturk Poyrazoglu
New LED technologies demand slim designs with increased backlight power. When the parallel-connected LED strings are driven by multiple transformers, the magnetic coupling difference and the LED string voltage difference cause backlight current mismatch problem. This imbalance causes the line with low voltage to draw more current hence to create heat spots on the backlight causing reduced lifetime. This problem is observed as backlight fluctuation at the end-user side. In this study, a cost-effective balancing circuit is simulated and implemented for eight parallel-connected LED strings using two transformers in an LLC half-bridge resonant topology while meeting the power demand in a relatively slim design. For the 145W backlight power, the current mismatch was 57.59% when there was an 8% deviation in transformer leakage inductance and a 10% variation between LED string voltages. The temperature difference between the strings was measured as 31. 8°C taken at room temperature with the open back cover. With the balancing circuit, the LED current difference being reduced to 9.99%. When the string voltages are the same, the maximum deviation in the current is measured as 2.59%.
{"title":"Current Balancing Circuit Design for Parallel LED Strings in QDOT High Bright TV with Dual-Transformer LLC Resonant Topology","authors":"Melisa Ersoy, Gokturk Poyrazoglu","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917864","url":null,"abstract":"New LED technologies demand slim designs with increased backlight power. When the parallel-connected LED strings are driven by multiple transformers, the magnetic coupling difference and the LED string voltage difference cause backlight current mismatch problem. This imbalance causes the line with low voltage to draw more current hence to create heat spots on the backlight causing reduced lifetime. This problem is observed as backlight fluctuation at the end-user side. In this study, a cost-effective balancing circuit is simulated and implemented for eight parallel-connected LED strings using two transformers in an LLC half-bridge resonant topology while meeting the power demand in a relatively slim design. For the 145W backlight power, the current mismatch was 57.59% when there was an 8% deviation in transformer leakage inductance and a 10% variation between LED string voltages. The temperature difference between the strings was measured as 31. 8°C taken at room temperature with the open back cover. With the balancing circuit, the LED current difference being reduced to 9.99%. When the string voltages are the same, the maximum deviation in the current is measured as 2.59%.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126475862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917809
G. Lacey, Thet Paing Tun
Access to the energy grid is a big concern for isolated households and companies, and emergency diesel generators can cause long-term climate and environmental problems. This study investigated the techno-economic feasibility of deploying clean energy sources to support the operation of a hotel zone on Myanmar’s west coast with limited connectivity to the primary utility grid (5 hours per day). When utility power is unavailable, hotel owners must rely on diesel generators to provide electricity for visitors. An independent microgrid comprising photovoltaic generators and battery storage is constructed and analysed. The microgrid system to completely supply 100% of the load is not an economically realistic solution due to higher capital expenditures and a more extended carbon payback period of about 20 years due to higher embodied energy. A hybrid diesel generator and PV array covering the partial load demand of 20% was an effective option with lower energy and CO2 payback periods of 8.1 and 4.6 years, respectively.
{"title":"Techno-economic Analysis of Deployment of Renewable Energy in Hotel Zone at the West Coast of Myanmar with Limited Grid Access","authors":"G. Lacey, Thet Paing Tun","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917809","url":null,"abstract":"Access to the energy grid is a big concern for isolated households and companies, and emergency diesel generators can cause long-term climate and environmental problems. This study investigated the techno-economic feasibility of deploying clean energy sources to support the operation of a hotel zone on Myanmar’s west coast with limited connectivity to the primary utility grid (5 hours per day). When utility power is unavailable, hotel owners must rely on diesel generators to provide electricity for visitors. An independent microgrid comprising photovoltaic generators and battery storage is constructed and analysed. The microgrid system to completely supply 100% of the load is not an economically realistic solution due to higher capital expenditures and a more extended carbon payback period of about 20 years due to higher embodied energy. A hybrid diesel generator and PV array covering the partial load demand of 20% was an effective option with lower energy and CO2 payback periods of 8.1 and 4.6 years, respectively.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125652967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917673
M. Atsever, M. H. Hocaoğlu
Coordination of overcurrent relays has been handled with optimization techniques. Time and pick up settings are optimized by using three-phase fault magnitudes. Generally, Standard Inverse Characteristic (SIC) has been used for three-phase fault protection settings. However, single line to earth fault is the most common fault types in distribution networks. Definite Time Characteristic (DTC) is, widely, used for coordination of earth fault relays. Topology type, neutral earthing resistance and capacitive currents of underground cables may cause selectivity issues when DTC is used for the coordination. In this work, time characteristic curve (TCC) based earth fault relay selectivity assessment carried out on distribution network. Different earthing resistance and TCC are taken into account during optimization processes. Results show that both DTC and SIC have issues in terms of operating time and selective protection.
{"title":"Time Characteristic Curve Based Earth Fault Relay Selectivity Assessment for Optimal Overcurrent Relay Coordination in Distribution Networks","authors":"M. Atsever, M. H. Hocaoğlu","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917673","url":null,"abstract":"Coordination of overcurrent relays has been handled with optimization techniques. Time and pick up settings are optimized by using three-phase fault magnitudes. Generally, Standard Inverse Characteristic (SIC) has been used for three-phase fault protection settings. However, single line to earth fault is the most common fault types in distribution networks. Definite Time Characteristic (DTC) is, widely, used for coordination of earth fault relays. Topology type, neutral earthing resistance and capacitive currents of underground cables may cause selectivity issues when DTC is used for the coordination. In this work, time characteristic curve (TCC) based earth fault relay selectivity assessment carried out on distribution network. Different earthing resistance and TCC are taken into account during optimization processes. Results show that both DTC and SIC have issues in terms of operating time and selective protection.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114341224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917879
H. Chisepo, C. Gaunt, Pitambar Jankee
The general power theory (GPT) was formulated to provide metering and optimal compensation solutions for practical power delivery systems with unbalance, harmonic distortion, and dc components. Despite the availability of a detailed derivation and description of the GPT, there is still some uncertainty about how to apply it a) in measurement and b) to control a compensator. This paper summarizes the implementation of the GPT and demonstrates its compensation in a power system with equipment generating distortion and unbalance. A model of the physical behavior of a variable speed drive (VSD) and an unbalanced load was developed in MATLAB/Simulink in conjunction with the GPT’s approach to measurement and compensation. The application of the GPT and the results of the modeling indicate that it is possible to achieve optimum compensation for power delivery loss, distortion, and unbalance. A comparison of the novel GPT approach with conventional theory showed the GPT’s better loss reduction and general capability.
{"title":"Applying and comparing the general power theory compensation for unbalance and harmonics","authors":"H. Chisepo, C. Gaunt, Pitambar Jankee","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917879","url":null,"abstract":"The general power theory (GPT) was formulated to provide metering and optimal compensation solutions for practical power delivery systems with unbalance, harmonic distortion, and dc components. Despite the availability of a detailed derivation and description of the GPT, there is still some uncertainty about how to apply it a) in measurement and b) to control a compensator. This paper summarizes the implementation of the GPT and demonstrates its compensation in a power system with equipment generating distortion and unbalance. A model of the physical behavior of a variable speed drive (VSD) and an unbalanced load was developed in MATLAB/Simulink in conjunction with the GPT’s approach to measurement and compensation. The application of the GPT and the results of the modeling indicate that it is possible to achieve optimum compensation for power delivery loss, distortion, and unbalance. A comparison of the novel GPT approach with conventional theory showed the GPT’s better loss reduction and general capability.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127609927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917939
Macit Tozak, S. Taskin, Ibrahim Sengor
Grid forming control for inverter-dominated power systems of the future is crucial as it enables more renewable penetration and provides enhanced stability. In this paper, a power system that consists of both Synchronous Machines (SM) and Grid Forming Controlled PV system is modeled and simulated in MATLAB®/Simulink®. Moreover, the real parameters of laboratory pieces of equipment in Manisa Celal Bayar University Smart Grid Laboratory (MCBU-SGLab) are used throughout the study. In addition, various Grid Forming Converter control methods such as droop control, matching control, and dispatchable virtual oscillator control are compared in terms of frequency stability under different conditions.
{"title":"Performance Analysis of Grid Forming Converters for a Didactic Smart Grid System","authors":"Macit Tozak, S. Taskin, Ibrahim Sengor","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917939","url":null,"abstract":"Grid forming control for inverter-dominated power systems of the future is crucial as it enables more renewable penetration and provides enhanced stability. In this paper, a power system that consists of both Synchronous Machines (SM) and Grid Forming Controlled PV system is modeled and simulated in MATLAB®/Simulink®. Moreover, the real parameters of laboratory pieces of equipment in Manisa Celal Bayar University Smart Grid Laboratory (MCBU-SGLab) are used throughout the study. In addition, various Grid Forming Converter control methods such as droop control, matching control, and dispatchable virtual oscillator control are compared in terms of frequency stability under different conditions.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122999537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917693
K. Makinde, M. Al-Greer
The majority of the controllers are designed around linearized small signal models of switching power converters. These models often encounter shortfalls in capturing the dynamics and underlying behaviours of the switching converters. Hence, in order to comply with the stringent requirement for voltage regulation in many modern applications which are plagued by non-idealities such as load disturbance and varying parameters, the use of adaptive, nonlinear and intelligent controllers becomes pivotal. It is against this backdrop that this paper proposes a data driven control using a four-layered feedforward neural network controller which is able to achieve a near-optimal performance in the output waveforms of a synchronous dc-dc buck converter. The training data for the neural network are extracted from the simulation of the converter using the designed type II compensator in current mode control with load current feedforward, considering wide range of dynamic changes in load current and input voltage. Results clearly show that the proposed ANN controller gives better performance than the conventional Type-II and Type-III compensators.
{"title":"Data-Driven Control of DC-DC Power Converters Using Levenberg-Marquardt Backpropagation Algorithm","authors":"K. Makinde, M. Al-Greer","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917693","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of the controllers are designed around linearized small signal models of switching power converters. These models often encounter shortfalls in capturing the dynamics and underlying behaviours of the switching converters. Hence, in order to comply with the stringent requirement for voltage regulation in many modern applications which are plagued by non-idealities such as load disturbance and varying parameters, the use of adaptive, nonlinear and intelligent controllers becomes pivotal. It is against this backdrop that this paper proposes a data driven control using a four-layered feedforward neural network controller which is able to achieve a near-optimal performance in the output waveforms of a synchronous dc-dc buck converter. The training data for the neural network are extracted from the simulation of the converter using the designed type II compensator in current mode control with load current feedforward, considering wide range of dynamic changes in load current and input voltage. Results clearly show that the proposed ANN controller gives better performance than the conventional Type-II and Type-III compensators.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125424010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917688
Othman Abdusalam, Fatih Anayi, M. Packianather
Transformers are essential equipment in a power system and require reliable solutions for their protection to ensure smooth operation. This paper proposes a new method based on an alienation coefficient analysis of waveforms to discriminate between external and internal faults that may take place in a three-phase transformer. This method depends on variations in the waveforms of currents which occur due to faults. it depends on the three phase current measurements which can be calculated on the transformer, and thus, does not need extra devices. This method can be used for fault detection and classifying faulty phases. For usage in advanced protection plans, the alienation strategy is appropriate in this field. The new technique was practically applied in the laboratory, and the results were obtained using the MATLAB and LabVIEW software. The proposed technique is quick to such an extent that it can provide conclusions in less than 3ms.
{"title":"Discrimination between internal current and external fault in three phase power transformer by Using alienation coefficient","authors":"Othman Abdusalam, Fatih Anayi, M. Packianather","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917688","url":null,"abstract":"Transformers are essential equipment in a power system and require reliable solutions for their protection to ensure smooth operation. This paper proposes a new method based on an alienation coefficient analysis of waveforms to discriminate between external and internal faults that may take place in a three-phase transformer. This method depends on variations in the waveforms of currents which occur due to faults. it depends on the three phase current measurements which can be calculated on the transformer, and thus, does not need extra devices. This method can be used for fault detection and classifying faulty phases. For usage in advanced protection plans, the alienation strategy is appropriate in this field. The new technique was practically applied in the laboratory, and the results were obtained using the MATLAB and LabVIEW software. The proposed technique is quick to such an extent that it can provide conclusions in less than 3ms.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126178000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917628
M. R. Ghazali, Mohd Ashraf Ahmad, M. H. Suid, M. Tumari
Model-free PID control is currently utilized for the examination of a DC/DC Buck-Boost Converter-Inverter-DC motor structure in this study through optimization of the adaptive safe experimentation dynamics (ASED) method. PID controller has been popularized on its uncomplicated construct, convenient employment with limited tuneable parameters, and broad applicability to diverse mechanistic circumstances. Demonstrated nonlinearity, complexity, and high dimensional parameters within MIMO structure of the DC/DC Buck-Boost Converter-Inverter-DC motor then demand controller with immense precision. The ASED method is hereby adopted as the optimization approach with considerable precision as needed towards fine-tuning the PID controller for its ability to minimize both output of control tracking and energy consumption at reduced processing interval by the exclusion of mathematical modeling in assessing input and output of the system. Traced outcomes regarding voltage of the converter and bidirectional angular velocity are further accounted for performance appraisal of the recommended motor system equipping model-free PID controller following optimization of the ASED approach. A comparison was further operationalized between the proposed ASED approach and its conventional SED-based counterpart. Convergence stability was successively reached by the proposed approach via undertaken simulation with minimization of the specified objective function. Acquired results hereby confirmed smaller values of the objective function and total norm error by the ASED approach towards the precision of operation tracing against the performance of its conventional counterpart.
{"title":"A DC/DC Buck-Boost Converter-Inverter-DC Motor Control based on model-free PID Controller tuning by Adaptive Safe Experimentation Dynamics Algorithm","authors":"M. R. Ghazali, Mohd Ashraf Ahmad, M. H. Suid, M. Tumari","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917628","url":null,"abstract":"Model-free PID control is currently utilized for the examination of a DC/DC Buck-Boost Converter-Inverter-DC motor structure in this study through optimization of the adaptive safe experimentation dynamics (ASED) method. PID controller has been popularized on its uncomplicated construct, convenient employment with limited tuneable parameters, and broad applicability to diverse mechanistic circumstances. Demonstrated nonlinearity, complexity, and high dimensional parameters within MIMO structure of the DC/DC Buck-Boost Converter-Inverter-DC motor then demand controller with immense precision. The ASED method is hereby adopted as the optimization approach with considerable precision as needed towards fine-tuning the PID controller for its ability to minimize both output of control tracking and energy consumption at reduced processing interval by the exclusion of mathematical modeling in assessing input and output of the system. Traced outcomes regarding voltage of the converter and bidirectional angular velocity are further accounted for performance appraisal of the recommended motor system equipping model-free PID controller following optimization of the ASED approach. A comparison was further operationalized between the proposed ASED approach and its conventional SED-based counterpart. Convergence stability was successively reached by the proposed approach via undertaken simulation with minimization of the specified objective function. Acquired results hereby confirmed smaller values of the objective function and total norm error by the ASED approach towards the precision of operation tracing against the performance of its conventional counterpart.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125094190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917578
F. Al-Jowder
This paper studies the effect of a strong wind gust on the stability of a series capacitor compensated thermal power system with Fixed Speed Wind Turbine Generators (FSWTGs). The IEEE first benchmark model (IEEE-FBM) for Subsynchronous Resonance (SSR) studies has been adopted and modified to perform the study. The influence of the strong wind gust on the stability of the system is investigated at different degrees of series compensation and power rating of the FSWTGs. Time domain simulations using PSCAD are employed to perform the study. Simulation results showed that strong wind gusts can cause instability in the system.
{"title":"Stability of Series Capacitor Compensated Thermal Power System with FSWTGs under Strong Wind Gust","authors":"F. Al-Jowder","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917578","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the effect of a strong wind gust on the stability of a series capacitor compensated thermal power system with Fixed Speed Wind Turbine Generators (FSWTGs). The IEEE first benchmark model (IEEE-FBM) for Subsynchronous Resonance (SSR) studies has been adopted and modified to perform the study. The influence of the strong wind gust on the stability of the system is investigated at different degrees of series compensation and power rating of the FSWTGs. Time domain simulations using PSCAD are employed to perform the study. Simulation results showed that strong wind gusts can cause instability in the system.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123715787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917883
Simone Striani, Kristian Sevdari, M. Marinelli, Vasileios Lampropoulos, Yuki Kobayashi, Kenta Suzuki
Smart charging has a strong potential to mitigate the challenges in security of supply caused by the increasing reliance on renewable energy sources (RESs) and electric vehicles (EVs). This paper describes the performances of an autonomous distributed control for coordinating the charge of four parking lots as part of a virtual power plant. The virtual power plant consists of a wind farm and four parking lots located in different areas of the grid and connected to two different feeders. The control architecture is applied to a 24-hour simulation with input data from a wind park, the loading data of two feeders, and user behavior from 68 EVs. The objectives of the architecture are: maximization of the wind power usage to charge the EVs; minimization of feeders overloading; minimization of energy imported from the grid; assurance of sufficient charging fulfillment; wind power variability mitigation. Under simulated conditions, the control architecture keeps the feeder loading below 80% by reducing the power allowance to the parking lot during peak demand. Nonetheless the four parking lots guarantee an energy charged of 10.7 kWh for all EVs starting the charging session with less than 60% state of charge (SOC). The total energy produced by the wind power plant is 4.36 MWh, of which 1.34 MWh is used to charge EVs. The remaining 3.07 MWh is exported to the grid, and only 92 kWh is imported from the grid for charging. Further investigation is needed regarding the wind power variability mitigation, as its reduction is only marginal under simulated conditions.
{"title":"Wind Based Charging via Autonomously Controlled EV Chargers under Grid Constraints","authors":"Simone Striani, Kristian Sevdari, M. Marinelli, Vasileios Lampropoulos, Yuki Kobayashi, Kenta Suzuki","doi":"10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UPEC55022.2022.9917883","url":null,"abstract":"Smart charging has a strong potential to mitigate the challenges in security of supply caused by the increasing reliance on renewable energy sources (RESs) and electric vehicles (EVs). This paper describes the performances of an autonomous distributed control for coordinating the charge of four parking lots as part of a virtual power plant. The virtual power plant consists of a wind farm and four parking lots located in different areas of the grid and connected to two different feeders. The control architecture is applied to a 24-hour simulation with input data from a wind park, the loading data of two feeders, and user behavior from 68 EVs. The objectives of the architecture are: maximization of the wind power usage to charge the EVs; minimization of feeders overloading; minimization of energy imported from the grid; assurance of sufficient charging fulfillment; wind power variability mitigation. Under simulated conditions, the control architecture keeps the feeder loading below 80% by reducing the power allowance to the parking lot during peak demand. Nonetheless the four parking lots guarantee an energy charged of 10.7 kWh for all EVs starting the charging session with less than 60% state of charge (SOC). The total energy produced by the wind power plant is 4.36 MWh, of which 1.34 MWh is used to charge EVs. The remaining 3.07 MWh is exported to the grid, and only 92 kWh is imported from the grid for charging. Further investigation is needed regarding the wind power variability mitigation, as its reduction is only marginal under simulated conditions.","PeriodicalId":371561,"journal":{"name":"2022 57th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122750390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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