{"title":"„Aš taip pat šypsausi, kai galvoju apie Tave“: Bronės Jacevičiūtės-Jėčiūtės ir Janinos Degutytės draugystės pradžia. Intermedialus šaltinis ir pirminis santykio tyrimas","authors":"Giedrė Šmitienė","doi":"10.51554/coll.23.52.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.23.52.08","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>-</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas has the reputation of an autobiographical author who overshadows his texts. At the same time, he is an author without autobiography, whose epistolary works form the basis of his egodocumentary research. Keeping in mind the characteristic of this reception, I examine Vaižgantas’s autobiographical texts: compile a corpus of his autobiographical texts, and conduct a research of Tumas’ autobiographical narrative, with a focus on the speaker’s relationship to the autobiographical discourse. I began the search for author’s autobiography with the first text that has the status of an autobiographical narrative, Aukštaičių vaizdeliai (Scenes of Aukštaičiai). The research has revealed certain features of Tumas’ treatment of autobiographical texts that have not been studied in detail. The article presents the history of the formation, attempted publication and disassembling of Aukštaičių vaizdeliai. It describes Tumas’ attitude towards his autobiographical texts and raises the question of the boundaries between literary and autobiographical texts, revealing the author’s changing and individual relationship to autobiographical narrative. The research also points to a secondary effect of the research—the highly problematic identity of Aukštaičių vaizdeliai.
Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas 有着自传体作家的美誉，他的作品掩盖了他的文本。同时，他也是一位没有自传的作家，其书信作品构成了他自我文献研究的基础。考虑到这种接受的特点，我对瓦伊兹甘塔斯的自传文本进行了研究：汇编了他的自传文本语料库，并对图玛斯的自传叙事进行了研究，重点关注说话者与自传话语的关系。我从第一部具有自传体叙事地位的文本《Aukštaičių vaizdeliai》（《Aukštaičiai 的场景》）开始寻找作者的自传。研究揭示了图玛斯处理自传体文本的某些特点，而这些特点从未被详细研究过。文章介绍了《Aukštaičių vaizdeliai》的形成、尝试出版和拆解的历史。文章描述了图玛斯对其自传文本的态度，提出了文学文本与自传文本之间的界限问题，揭示了作者与自传叙事之间不断变化的个人关系。研究还指出了研究的一个次要影响--奥克什泰奇-瓦伊兹德里亚伊的身份问题重重。
{"title":"Aukštaičių vaizdeliai, or On the Search for the Autobiography of Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas","authors":"Jurgita Žana Raškevičiūtė","doi":"10.51554/coll.23.52.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.23.52.05","url":null,"abstract":"Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas has the reputation of an autobiographical author who overshadows his texts. At the same time, he is an author without autobiography, whose epistolary works form the basis of his egodocumentary research. Keeping in mind the characteristic of this reception, I examine Vaižgantas’s autobiographical texts: compile a corpus of his autobiographical texts, and conduct a research of Tumas’ autobiographical narrative, with a focus on the speaker’s relationship to the autobiographical discourse. I began the search for author’s autobiography with the first text that has the status of an autobiographical narrative, Aukštaičių vaizdeliai (Scenes of Aukštaičiai). The research has revealed certain features of Tumas’ treatment of autobiographical texts that have not been studied in detail. The article presents the history of the formation, attempted publication and disassembling of Aukštaičių vaizdeliai. It describes Tumas’ attitude towards his autobiographical texts and raises the question of the boundaries between literary and autobiographical texts, revealing the author’s changing and individual relationship to autobiographical narrative. The research also points to a secondary effect of the research—the highly problematic identity of Aukštaičių vaizdeliai.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article examines the operational surveillance case of Kazys Boruta (1905-1965), until now not extensively researched material, collected by the Soviet security from 1945 until writer’s death and the actions taken by the security services against him. The aim of this article is to investigate the reasons behind the surveillance of Boruta that lasted for twenty years and to reveal in more detail the influence of the Soviet authorities on writer’s life and work. Boruta’s views during the Soviet era and some of his contacts during the occupation could not be freely discussed. Using the currently available security information, the article scrutinizes how the various suspicions against Boruta were tailored and, in turn, what reactions of the security services were triggered. It discusses the investigation into Boruta’s alleged activities in underground organizations: his links with the Lithuanian National Council and the Lithuanian partisan movement, as well as the relations and activities of the SRs who were active between the wars and during the Soviet period. The article also discusses the significance of Boruta’s anti-Soviet and nationalist statements in the surveillance process and the attitude of the security services towards his work that did not meet ideological requirements of the time.
{"title":"Kazys Boruta in the Soviet Security Surveillance Case","authors":"Brigita Daugėlaitė","doi":"10.51554/coll.23.52.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.23.52.02","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the operational surveillance case of Kazys Boruta (1905-1965), until now not extensively researched material, collected by the Soviet security from 1945 until writer’s death and the actions taken by the security services against him. The aim of this article is to investigate the reasons behind the surveillance of Boruta that lasted for twenty years and to reveal in more detail the influence of the Soviet authorities on writer’s life and work. Boruta’s views during the Soviet era and some of his contacts during the occupation could not be freely discussed. Using the currently available security information, the article scrutinizes how the various suspicions against Boruta were tailored and, in turn, what reactions of the security services were triggered. It discusses the investigation into Boruta’s alleged activities in underground organizations: his links with the Lithuanian National Council and the Lithuanian partisan movement, as well as the relations and activities of the SRs who were active between the wars and during the Soviet period. The article also discusses the significance of Boruta’s anti-Soviet and nationalist statements in the surveillance process and the attitude of the security services towards his work that did not meet ideological requirements of the time.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":"72 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the key figures of the Lithuanian-speaking intellectual elite, Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas (1893–1967) formulated the programme of cultural nationalism, and he himself was inspired by the interwar political rhetoric. The “question of Vilnius”, which was instigated by the mobilised patriotic forces, was identified as crucial problem for the existance of the state. In his diaries of the 1938–1945, the writer and academician responded enthusiastically to the fulfilment of the political vision of the “eternal capital” in September of 1939. He cared for the reinforcement of ethnic Lithuanian cultural positions during the struggle of totalitarian regimes in 1940–1944. Some connotations of geopolitical imperialism can be seen in the diary, when the diarist insists on the urgent “re-Lithuanisation” of the public sphere. When in 1940 Mykolaitis-Putinas a well-acknowledged professor of literary studies, finally moved to the city, which has been so clearly visualised in the collective imagination for several decades, he familiarised himself extensively with the topography and cultural heritage of Vilnius. On the one hand, he never felt a stranger in the heterotopic territory; on the other hand, he seldom expressed tolerance towards the native inhabitants of the city. In the newly gained capital, Mykolaitis-Putinas tried to save the ethnocentric institutions of cultural memory (Institute of Lithuanian Studies, museums and archives preserving Lithuanian heritage). He supported the main Lithuanian-dominated cultural and educational institutions, such as the reformed Vilnius University, the Philharmonic, and the Academy of Sciences.
{"title":"The Myth of Vilnius and Its Revision in the Diaries of Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas","authors":"Manfredas Žvirgždas","doi":"10.51554/coll.23.52.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.23.52.03","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key figures of the Lithuanian-speaking intellectual elite, Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas (1893–1967) formulated the programme of cultural nationalism, and he himself was inspired by the interwar political rhetoric. The “question of Vilnius”, which was instigated by the mobilised patriotic forces, was identified as crucial problem for the existance of the state. In his diaries of the 1938–1945, the writer and academician responded enthusiastically to the fulfilment of the political vision of the “eternal capital” in September of 1939. He cared for the reinforcement of ethnic Lithuanian cultural positions during the struggle of totalitarian regimes in 1940–1944. Some connotations of geopolitical imperialism can be seen in the diary, when the diarist insists on the urgent “re-Lithuanisation” of the public sphere. When in 1940 Mykolaitis-Putinas a well-acknowledged professor of literary studies, finally moved to the city, which has been so clearly visualised in the collective imagination for several decades, he familiarised himself extensively with the topography and cultural heritage of Vilnius. On the one hand, he never felt a stranger in the heterotopic territory; on the other hand, he seldom expressed tolerance towards the native inhabitants of the city. In the newly gained capital, Mykolaitis-Putinas tried to save the ethnocentric institutions of cultural memory (Institute of Lithuanian Studies, museums and archives preserving Lithuanian heritage). He supported the main Lithuanian-dominated cultural and educational institutions, such as the reformed Vilnius University, the Philharmonic, and the Academy of Sciences.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although contemporary Lithuanian poets and readers often claim to be apolitical, politically charged poetry or literary behavior are not always apparent and can take various forms. The article examines the annual women’s poetry readings in the Žemaitė Square during the Poetry Spring Festival as a political event. Based on Pierre Bourdieu’s literary field theory, the event can be interpreted as a collective response of feminist artivism to the established power structures. The readings provide a space for the exchange of social, symbolic, and cultural capital among the poetesses, enabling them to gain visibility and prominence within the literary field. Furthermore, the political significance of these readings emerges through the experience of emancipatory art, as defined by Jacques Rancière. The ‘distribution of the sensible’ not only establishes poetesses as political subjects but also fosters a sense of potential equality among all agents in the field. The collective experience of art engenders an aesthetic community capable of challenging prevailing power structures and envisioning possibilities that extend beyond societal norms.
{"title":"Emancipuojanti poezija: skaitymai prie Žemaitės kaip feministinis artivizmas","authors":"Ieva Šakelaitė","doi":"10.51554/coll.23.52.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.23.52.07","url":null,"abstract":"Although contemporary Lithuanian poets and readers often claim to be apolitical, politically charged poetry or literary behavior are not always apparent and can take various forms. The article examines the annual women’s poetry readings in the Žemaitė Square during the Poetry Spring Festival as a political event. Based on Pierre Bourdieu’s literary field theory, the event can be interpreted as a collective response of feminist artivism to the established power structures. The readings provide a space for the exchange of social, symbolic, and cultural capital among the poetesses, enabling them to gain visibility and prominence within the literary field. Furthermore, the political significance of these readings emerges through the experience of emancipatory art, as defined by Jacques Rancière. The ‘distribution of the sensible’ not only establishes poetesses as political subjects but also fosters a sense of potential equality among all agents in the field. The collective experience of art engenders an aesthetic community capable of challenging prevailing power structures and envisioning possibilities that extend beyond societal norms.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":"49 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139599011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the 1930s and 1940s, the mass destruction of ethnoses and deportations of populations, which shattered the fates of states and people, shock Eastern Europe. In contemporary theories of trauma and memory studies, in addition to the political evaluation of those events, the study of place-based memory has been gaining attention, turning the research of cultural and individual memory back to the fundamental conflict provoked by the loss of place—the erosion of the connection with the land (place), which forms the base of person’s identity. In this article, I analyze the narratives of different national experiences—Sebald’s novel Austerlitz and the egodocumentary of Lithuanian exiles—from the perspective of place, tracing the impact of landscape and architecture on the memory processes of genocide survivors, as expressed in the specific literary works and testimonies. By reasoning that the criteria of the historicity and documentary character and the qualities of the narratives as transmitting traumatic experiences validate the comparison of the novel and testimonies, I ask why the compositional role of the reflection of the place, i.e., landscape and architecture, in organizing the novel’s narrative has been missing in the autobiographical texts of exiles, who have experienced similar complications of their displacement and identity. Different assessments of the existential situation (the novel emphases the hopelessness and abnormality of the genocide, whereas the memoirs of the exiles focus on the effort to make the situation as normal as possible), which I treat as identifiers of the meaningfulness of the experiences, do not obscure the similarities in the narratives, that is, the subjects’ complicated relationship to and the symbolic meaning-making of the place, and the search for alternative topoi, which are evident throughout the stories. The metaphor of the abyss, used in Sebald’s novel to manifest the irretrievability of the past, can be recognized in the descriptions of the social abyss that appear in the memories of the exiles.
{"title":"The Return of Memory: Architecture and Landscape in Wienfried Georg Sebald’s Austerlitz and in the Autobiographical Stories of Lithuanian Exiles","authors":"Gintarė Bernotienė","doi":"10.51554/coll.23.52.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.23.52.04","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1930s and 1940s, the mass destruction of ethnoses and deportations of populations, which shattered the fates of states and people, shock Eastern Europe. In contemporary theories of trauma and memory studies, in addition to the political evaluation of those events, the study of place-based memory has been gaining attention, turning the research of cultural and individual memory back to the fundamental conflict provoked by the loss of place—the erosion of the connection with the land (place), which forms the base of person’s identity. In this article, I analyze the narratives of different national experiences—Sebald’s novel Austerlitz and the egodocumentary of Lithuanian exiles—from the perspective of place, tracing the impact of landscape and architecture on the memory processes of genocide survivors, as expressed in the specific literary works and testimonies. By reasoning that the criteria of the historicity and documentary character and the qualities of the narratives as transmitting traumatic experiences validate the comparison of the novel and testimonies, I ask why the compositional role of the reflection of the place, i.e., landscape and architecture, in organizing the novel’s narrative has been missing in the autobiographical texts of exiles, who have experienced similar complications of their displacement and identity. Different assessments of the existential situation (the novel emphases the hopelessness and abnormality of the genocide, whereas the memoirs of the exiles focus on the effort to make the situation as normal as possible), which I treat as identifiers of the meaningfulness of the experiences, do not obscure the similarities in the narratives, that is, the subjects’ complicated relationship to and the symbolic meaning-making of the place, and the search for alternative topoi, which are evident throughout the stories. The metaphor of the abyss, used in Sebald’s novel to manifest the irretrievability of the past, can be recognized in the descriptions of the social abyss that appear in the memories of the exiles.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":"63 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lituanistę, socialinių mokslų daktarę docentę Reginą Kuzmaitę-Norkevičienę kalbina Saulius Vasiliauskas
Saulius Vasiliauskas 采访立陶宛研究副教授、社会科学博士 Regina Kuzmaitė-Norkevičienė
{"title":"Stengdavomės laikytis Hipokrato priesaikos – svarbiausia nekenkti!","authors":"Saulius Vasiliauskas","doi":"10.51554/coll.23.52.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.23.52.10","url":null,"abstract":"Lituanistę, socialinių mokslų daktarę docentę Reginą Kuzmaitę-Norkevičienę kalbina Saulius Vasiliauskas","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this article is to discuss the forms of contemporary Lithuanian literary criticism in the context of more general cultural processes. The current situation, which still tends to be described as crisis, is brought about not only by the structure of the national literary field, the specifics of its historical development, or the local cultural policy, but also by universal factors, such as the epistemic, social, and institutional uncertainty that characterises professional literary criticism in general, and the so-called democratisation of culture, which has been accelerated by the emergence of social networks. The latter provide an opportunity for everyone to express their value judgements, disrupting the established hierarchies of critical evaluation and deepening the crisis of authority. This factor together with the meritocratic model that has taken root in the media, along with the commercialisation of publishing policy creates the conditions for the emergence of new ways of talking about literature, or what is known as ‘non-professional literary criticism’. Drawing on theory of New Formalism, I discuss the main types of professional and non-professional literary criticism, and their affordances, which foresees the social and cultural uses of literary criticism.
{"title":"Contemporary Literary Criticism: The Challenges of Democratisation","authors":"Dalia Satkauskytė","doi":"10.51554/coll.23.51.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.23.51.03","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to discuss the forms of contemporary Lithuanian literary criticism in the context of more general cultural processes. The current situation, which still tends to be described as crisis, is brought about not only by the structure of the national literary field, the specifics of its historical development, or the local cultural policy, but also by universal factors, such as the epistemic, social, and institutional uncertainty that characterises professional literary criticism in general, and the so-called democratisation of culture, which has been accelerated by the emergence of social networks. The latter provide an opportunity for everyone to express their value judgements, disrupting the established hierarchies of critical evaluation and deepening the crisis of authority. This factor together with the meritocratic model that has taken root in the media, along with the commercialisation of publishing policy creates the conditions for the emergence of new ways of talking about literature, or what is known as ‘non-professional literary criticism’. Drawing on theory of New Formalism, I discuss the main types of professional and non-professional literary criticism, and their affordances, which foresees the social and cultural uses of literary criticism.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74977628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valentinas Sventickas, Dalios Grinkevičiūtės dalia: monografija. Vilnius: Lietuvos rašytojų sąjungos leidykla, 2022, ISBN 978-609-480-346-8
{"title":"Dalis Dalios","authors":"Gintarė Bernotienė","doi":"10.51554/coll.23.51.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.23.51.10","url":null,"abstract":"Valentinas Sventickas, Dalios Grinkevičiūtės dalia: monografija. Vilnius: Lietuvos rašytojų sąjungos leidykla, 2022, ISBN 978-609-480-346-8","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72909674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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