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Jonas Aistis’ and Sigitas Geda’s Notion of Open Cultural Identity: Between Universality and National Self-Preservation Jonas Aistis和Sigitas Geda的开放文化认同概念:在普遍性与民族自我保护之间
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.51554/coll.22.49.07
Karolina Bagdonė
In this article, author uses the theory of intertextuality to examine how the works of two Lithuanian poets, Jonas Aistis and Sigitas Geda, revised Western literary works during the Soviet era and what kind of European identity they conveyed by creating intertextual connections. Both poets during the Cold War looked for the ways to make vital links with Western literature and to continue to reflect on the relationship between Europeanness and Lithuanianness that had taken place in Lithuania before World War II. Aistis turned to the classical era that was popular in the interwar period, especially the myths of Medea, Orpheus and Eurydice, and the works of Edgar Allan Poe. Using intertexts, he reflected on the ideas of double homelessness (love for the lost Lithuania and Europe), post-catastrophic identity, and the painful disappointment with the diminished impact of his poetry. The ideas of national and European identity as a synthesis of the West and the East reflected in the works by Stasys Šalkauskis and Adomas Mickevičius, as well as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s vision of the universality of world literature, were important in Geda’s poetry. They were significant in creating authentic intertextual links with the works of Western literature (such as Ovid, Homer, Rainer Maria Rilke and Georg Trakl), in order to preserve the complex historical European experience and to provoke readers’ self-consciousness in opposing the repressive Soviet regime.
本文运用互文性理论考察了立陶宛诗人约纳斯·阿斯蒂斯和西格塔斯·格达的作品如何修正苏联时期的西方文学作品,以及他们通过创造互文联系传达了什么样的欧洲身份。冷战时期的两位诗人都在寻找与西方文学建立重要联系的途径,并继续反思二战前立陶宛发生的欧洲性和立陶宛性之间的关系。阿斯蒂斯转向两次世界大战之间流行的古典时代,尤其是美狄亚、俄耳甫斯和欧律狄刻的神话,以及埃德加·爱伦·坡的作品。通过互文,他反思了双重无家可归(对失去的立陶宛和欧洲的爱)、灾难后的身份认同,以及对自己诗歌影响力下降的痛苦失望。在Stasys Šalkauskis和Adomas mickevi ius的作品中反映的民族和欧洲身份作为西方和东方的综合的想法,以及约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德对世界文学普遍性的看法,在格达的诗歌中很重要。它们在与西方文学作品(如奥维德、荷马、里尔克和乔治·特拉克)建立真实的互文联系方面具有重要意义,目的是保存复杂的欧洲历史经验,并激发读者反对苏维埃专制政权的自我意识。
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引用次数: 0
„In My Youth, It Seemed Pretentious to Call Myself a Writer“ “年轻时,自称作家似乎有些自命不凡”
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.51554/coll.22.49.09
Raimondas Kašauskas, S. Vasiliauskas
Saulius Vasiliauskas Interviews the Prose Writer Raimondas Kašauskas
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引用次数: 0
Music in the Works of Ignas Šeinius: A Few Chords 伊格纳斯作品中的音乐Šeinius:几个和弦
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.51554/coll.22.49.03
Giedrė Ivanova
In this article, the author focuses on the expression of music in the early texts of Lithuanian prose innovator Ignas Jurkūnas Šeinius (1889–1959). Starting with Werner Wolf’s typology of the relations between words and music, and incorporating insights from other scholars (Lars Elleström, Siglind Bruhn, Vytautas Kubilius, Irina Melnikova, etc.), the article discusses the different forms of music and the meanings they produce in Šeinius’ novel Kuprelis (1913, 1932), in one segment of his short story “Vasaros vaišės” [Summer Feast, 1914], and in the novella “Marių daina” [The Song of the Lagoon, 1914]. The analysis has shown that in the novel Kuprelis, music expression explicates the experiences of the main characters, their self-perception and relationship to other characters, becoming a symbol of love, and pointing to and predicting important moments in the story. In the analyzed passage from the short story “Summer Feast,” one can notice a parallel with the musical form of fugue, which creates the impression of multiple motifs sounding and being perceived at the same time, and which emphasizes the aspect of the existential climax that is being developed by the narrative. Combining music, literature and painting, the novella “The Song of the Lagoon” echoes the synthesis of these arts captured in Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis’s pictorial sonata “Jūra” [The Sea].” The ekphrastic nature of the novella invites the reader to see the figures from the paintings reproduced using words, and to hear the musical motifs that accompany them.
本文主要研究立陶宛散文创新者伊格纳斯Jurkūnas Šeinius(1889-1959)早期文本中音乐的表现。本文从Werner Wolf关于文字与音乐关系的类型开始,结合其他学者(Lars Elleström、Siglind Bruhn、Vytautas Kubilius、Irina Melnikova等)的见解,讨论了Šeinius小说《Kuprelis》(1913、1932)、短篇小说《Vasaros vaišės》(Summer Feast, 1914)的一个片段和中篇小说《mariosdaina》(the Song of the Lagoon, 1914)中音乐的不同形式及其产生的意义。分析表明,在小说《库普利斯》中,音乐表达表达了主人公的经历、自我认知和与其他人物的关系,成为爱情的象征,并指向和预测故事中的重要时刻。在短篇小说《夏日盛宴》的分析段落中,我们可以注意到与赋格曲的音乐形式的平行,它创造了多重母题同时发出和被感知的印象,并强调了叙事正在发展的存在主义高潮的方面。中篇小说《泻湖之歌》结合了音乐、文学和绘画,呼应了米卡洛尤斯·康斯坦丁纳斯Čiurlionis的绘画奏鸣曲《Jūra[海]》中所捕捉到的这些艺术的综合。这篇中篇小说生动的本质,邀请读者看到用文字再现的绘画人物,并听到伴随他们的音乐主题。
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引用次数: 0
An Attempt to Reconstruct the Generation of Žemininkai: Benediktas Labėnas 重建Žemininkai世代的尝试:本尼迪克塔斯Labėnas
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.51554/coll.22.49.04
Rita Tūtlytė
Benediktas Labenskas-Labėnas (1919–1949), a little-known literary figure from the Žemininkai generation, was a soldier and partisan, who died in the early post-war guerrilla warfare. The article presents a part of his work written in gymnasium, in military school and on the Eastern Front. It traces author’s evolution, discusses the relationship of his works to literary tradition, and highlights the distinctive nature of his themes and style. The research employs a hermeneutical approach, the perspective of the history of literature, and the socio-cultural aspect, which enable to identify the ideological and cultural reverberations of a specific historical time and their influence in the works of the young author. Labėnas’s oeuvre grows out of the neo-romantic tradition of 20th-century Lithuanian literature, the songs of volunteers and soldiers’ marching, as well as Christian culture. It takes root in social, psychological, and impressionistic prose. Labėnas’s work is characterized by a sense of harmony between the world and a human being, the imperative of the task of life, an ethical approach, and literary sense of genre and style that became increasingly pronounced with the time.On the one hand, Labėnas’s work has very little in common with the creative engagement of his generation, such as the inclination to existential questions and modern poetic language. On the other hand, his works are associated with a strong connection with the earth and reflection on that connection.
本尼迪克塔斯Labenskas-Labėnas(1919-1949),一位鲜为人知的文学人物,来自Žemininkai一代,是一名士兵和游击队员,在战后早期的游击战中丧生。本文介绍了他在体育馆、军校和东线所写的部分作品。追溯作者的创作历程,探讨其作品与文学传统的关系,突出其主题和风格的独特性。这项研究采用了解释学的方法,从文学史和社会文化的角度出发,从而能够确定特定历史时期的意识形态和文化反响及其对年轻作者作品的影响。Labėnas的作品源于20世纪立陶宛文学的新浪漫主义传统,志愿者的歌曲和士兵的行军,以及基督教文化。它扎根于社会、心理和印象派的散文中。Labėnas的作品的特点是世界与人类之间的和谐感,生活任务的必要性,伦理方法,以及随着时间的推移而日益明显的文学类型和风格感。一方面,Labėnas的作品与他那一代的创造性参与很少有共同之处,比如对存在主义问题的倾向和现代诗歌语言。另一方面,他的作品与大地有着强烈的联系,并对这种联系进行了反思。
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引用次数: 0
A Monument to a Great Personality 一个伟大人物的纪念碑
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.51554/coll.22.49.11
Petras Bražėnas
Profesorius Juozas Girdzijauskas. Atsiminimai, laiškai, pokalbiai, iš archyvų / sudarytojas Eugenijus Žmuida, Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2020, 607 p., ISBN 978-609-425-290-7
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引用次数: 0
Gastro-Poetics in Lithuanian Yiddish Literature of the Interwar Period: The Early Work of Moyshe Kulbak (1896-1937) 两次世界大战期间立陶宛意第绪语文学中的胃诗学——兼论莫伊什·库尔巴克(1896-1937)的早期作品
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.51554/coll.22.49.02
Iveta Leitāne
For almost a hundred years, literary critics and scholars have been trying to reach the depths of Moses Kulbak’s work and find the most appropriate keys to interpreting his sophisticated and puzzling works. This article is an attempt to approach author’s work by focusing on seemingly less important details and reconstructing their relational network. The depiction of eating scenes, meals (including ruined and imagined ones), as well as food and drink have been chosen as focus point. Such strategy, emphasizing body in the humanities, allows to draw attention to other key issues, such as the relationship between body and soul, nourishment and intellect, intellect and faith, etc. The article deals with the first decade Kulbak’s work and examines less discussed sources of inspiration of the great Yiddish poet and prose writer. Using metric and semantic analysis, the place and role of eating habits, meal scenes and spectacular food representations in Kulbak’s poetic universe are explained and reconstructed. Food metaphors help uncover hidden interconnections, and although they often play only a connotative role, they are still powerful means for expressing the author’s message, while simultaneously concealing it.
近一百年来,文学评论家和学者们一直试图深入了解摩西·库尔巴克的作品,并找到最合适的钥匙来解释他那些复杂而令人费解的作品。本文试图通过关注看似不太重要的细节和重建他们的关系网络来接近作者的工作。对饮食场景、膳食(包括残缺的和想象的)以及食物和饮料的描绘被选为重点。这种在人文学科中强调身体的策略,可以引起人们对其他关键问题的关注,如身体与灵魂、营养与智力、智力与信仰等的关系。本文探讨了库尔巴克创作的头十年,并探讨了这位伟大的意第绪语诗人和散文作家很少被讨论的灵感来源。利用度量和语义分析,饮食习惯、用餐场景和壮观的食物表现在库尔巴克诗意的宇宙中的地位和作用被解释和重建。食物隐喻有助于揭示隐藏的内在联系,虽然它们往往只起到隐含的作用,但它们仍然是表达作者信息的有力手段,同时也隐藏了作者的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Death of a Poet. Epitaphs and Dedications to Vytautas Mačernis 《诗人之死》维陶塔斯·马<s:1>埃尼斯的墓志铭和献词
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.51554/coll.22.49.05
Gintarė Bernotienė
The author of the article examines the corpus of dedications to the poet Vytautas Mačernis, written by poets who lived in Soviet and post-Soviet Lithuania after 1966. The group of epitexts (epitaphs, dedications, and literary letters), scattered in collections of poems and periodicals and united by genre, is analyzed as a series of artefacts confirming the status of Mačernis as a literary classic and revealing the reception of the poet in the community of writers and in the cultural memory of the nation. The formation of Mačernis’s image and the legend about him was influenced by his early death. In turn, it led to a mystification of the poet’s figure and to the attribution to him of almost supernatural powers of a prophet and guardian of the nation. The most significant texts dedicated to Mačernis highlight the gradual stages of poet’s establishment as the youngest poet in the canon of Lithuanian literature and the prevailing, almost fixed trend of romanticizing him and presenting his destiny in an exotic way. The poetic forms of the dedications and the intertextual connections testify to the fact that Mačernis’s works have been recognized as an essential part of the canon.
本文的作者考察了1966年后生活在苏联和后苏联立陶宛的诗人对诗人维陶塔斯·马埃尔尼斯的献词。这组碑文(墓志铭、献词和文学信件)分散在诗集和期刊中,按体裁统一,作为一系列人工制品进行分析,确认了马埃尼斯作为文学经典的地位,并揭示了诗人在作家群体和民族文化记忆中的接受程度。马埃尼斯的形象和传说的形成都受到他英年早逝的影响。反过来,这导致了诗人形象的神秘化,并使他被赋予了先知和国家守护者的近乎超自然的力量。关于ma厄尼斯的最重要的文本强调了诗人作为立陶宛文学经典中最年轻的诗人的逐渐确立的阶段,以及将他浪漫化并以一种异国情调的方式呈现他的命运的普遍趋势。奉献的诗歌形式和互文的联系证明了一个事实,即马埃尼斯的作品已被公认为佳能的重要组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
The Mythic Structure of Olga Tokarczuk’s Novel Flights 奥尔加·托卡丘克小说《飞行》的神话结构
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.51554/coll.22.49.06
Izabelė Skikaitė
Olga Tokarczuk’s Flights consists of fragments of different genres which narrate different stories. Although literary scholars have stressed the unusual nature of novel’s structure, the question of what it means remains unanswered. The aim of this article is to reveal the novel’s semantic universe and to examine how the sections that tell different stories relate to each other.The article reveals the system of values, based on the framework of static vs. dynamic, linking the characters in the novel. Using the concept of the modern pilgrimage, the author of the article answers the question of how the opposing values are matched. In accomplishing it, the attention is paid not only to the content but also to the dimension of expression, i.e. how the work is constructed. The conclusion has been drawn that the narrative episodes are linked to the principle of metonymy, i.e. the relationship between the part and the whole, described by Roman Jakobson. In Tokarczuk’s novel, different stories are juxtaposed or contrasted with each other, depending on the recurring inter- and intra-corporeal connections. Lévi-Strauss’s notion of myth allowed the author to observe that the narratives in the novel resemble fragments of myth, and that Flights functions as a contemporary myth, where the structure encodes the issue of man’s relationship to others and themselves and the pain that results from it.
Olga Tokarczuk的《航班》由不同体裁的片段组成,讲述了不同的故事。尽管文学学者们强调小说结构的不寻常性质,但其含义的问题仍未得到解答。本文的目的是揭示小说的语义世界,并研究讲述不同故事的部分是如何相互联系的。本文以静态与动态为框架,揭示了小说人物之间的价值体系联系。本文作者运用现代朝圣的概念,回答了对立的价值观如何匹配的问题。在完成它的过程中,不仅要注意内容,还要注意表达的维度,即作品是如何构建的。本文的结论是,故事情节与罗曼·雅各布森所描述的转喻原则有关,即部分与整体的关系。在托卡丘克的小说中,不同的故事被并列或相互对照,这取决于反复出现的身体之间和身体内部的联系。伊姆西-施特劳斯的神话概念使作者能够观察到小说中的叙事类似于神话的片段,而《航班》的功能就像一个当代神话,其中的结构编码了人与他人和自己的关系以及由此产生的痛苦。
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引用次数: 0
The Narrative of the Third Generation 第三代的叙事
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.51554/coll.21.46.10
Erika Grigoravičienė
Natalija Arlauskaitė, Nuožmi taika: žlugusių režimų fotografija dokumentiniame kine, Vilnius: Vilniaus universiteto leidykla, 2020, 336 p., ISBN 978-609-07-0421-9
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引用次数: 0
Foreword II
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.51554/coll.21.48.02
Radvilė Račėnaitė
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引用次数: 0
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Colloquia
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