The paper examines the place of Sándor Márai (1900–1989) in the Hungarian literary canon, specifically, in the context of the discussion on the canon and national identity in the former Eastern Bloc countries after 1989. It draws on the understanding of the canon as a tool used to propagate a certain model of identity within a given society and shows how Márai’s work has been used in socio-political debates at different periods of his career and posthumously. The paper offers a historical perspective and analyses the different stages of Márai’s career: the path to recognition by critics and readers in the 1930s and 1940s, the period of the communist anti-Márai campaign, the period of exclusion from the literary canon, and the great comeback in the 1990s. The paper points to the main aspects that have affected Márai’s reception, and outlines the reasons behind the objections to his oeuvre. The analysis indicates the social, political and historical contexts that affect the different (re)interpretations of Márai’s work and his place in the canon. The paper concludes that, despite the writer’s posthumous literary comeback and international success, his place in the Hungarian literary canon has not been established yet; therefore, it is necessary to take a fresh approach to his work.
{"title":"Tapatybės politika ir literatūrinis kanonas: Sándoro Márai vieta vengrų literatūros kanone","authors":"Magdalena Garbacik-Balakowicz","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.03","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the place of Sándor Márai (1900–1989) in the Hungarian literary canon, specifically, in the context of the discussion on the canon and national identity in the former Eastern Bloc countries after 1989. It draws on the understanding of the canon as a tool used to propagate a certain model of identity within a given society and shows how Márai’s work has been used in socio-political debates at different periods of his career and posthumously. The paper offers a historical perspective and analyses the different stages of Márai’s career: the path to recognition by critics and readers in the 1930s and 1940s, the period of the communist anti-Márai campaign, the period of exclusion from the literary canon, and the great comeback in the 1990s. The paper points to the main aspects that have affected Márai’s reception, and outlines the reasons behind the objections to his oeuvre. The analysis indicates the social, political and historical contexts that affect the different (re)interpretations of Márai’s work and his place in the canon. The paper concludes that, despite the writer’s posthumous literary comeback and international success, his place in the Hungarian literary canon has not been established yet; therefore, it is necessary to take a fresh approach to his work.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Icchokas Meras’ ‘Lygiosios trunka akimirką’ (Stalemate) in the UnequalBattle Against the Censors","authors":"Loreta Mačianskaitė","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.09","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>-</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fate of Veronika of Desenice, a Medieval lady who was tried (and subsequently acquitted) in the first witchcraft trial on Slovenian soil, has been a profound source of inspiration for Slovenian folklore and culture since the 15th century. Over time, it has gradually evolved into one of the culture’s most enduring and canonical motifs. An impressive array of more than 25 texts, spanning various genres such as dramas, operas and novels, has emerged in the modern era, which has its beginnings in Slovenia 1848. In this article, I aim to examine the use of the motif of Veronika in modern texts, and elucidate the transformation of the narratives associated with it over time. The article specifically investigates the shifting focus on different aspects of the story, and the evolving techniques employed in its re-telling. Approximately half of these texts came into existence before the Second World War, while about five were produced during the period of communist Yugoslavia, with the remaining works originating in the era of independent Slovenia. In addition, several of these texts were written by authors in exile. Drawing upon this extensive material, the study presents an exploration of the similarities and differences in the portrayal of Veronika of Desenice in changing circumstances, with a particular emphasis on works from the eras of communist and independent Slovenia.
{"title":"Kilmingosios raganos atspindys skirtinguose veidrodžiuose: Veronikos iš Desenicės motyvo transformacija slovėnų kultūros kanone","authors":"Maciej Bolesław Olszewski","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.07","url":null,"abstract":"The fate of Veronika of Desenice, a Medieval lady who was tried (and subsequently acquitted) in the first witchcraft trial on Slovenian soil, has been a profound source of inspiration for Slovenian folklore and culture since the 15th century. Over time, it has gradually evolved into one of the culture’s most enduring and canonical motifs. An impressive array of more than 25 texts, spanning various genres such as dramas, operas and novels, has emerged in the modern era, which has its beginnings in Slovenia 1848. In this article, I aim to examine the use of the motif of Veronika in modern texts, and elucidate the transformation of the narratives associated with it over time. The article specifically investigates the shifting focus on different aspects of the story, and the evolving techniques employed in its re-telling. Approximately half of these texts came into existence before the Second World War, while about five were produced during the period of communist Yugoslavia, with the remaining works originating in the era of independent Slovenia. In addition, several of these texts were written by authors in exile. Drawing upon this extensive material, the study presents an exploration of the similarities and differences in the portrayal of Veronika of Desenice in changing circumstances, with a particular emphasis on works from the eras of communist and independent Slovenia.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper conducts a short survey of the shift in the literary canon typical of the post-Homeland War period in Croatia. It is mainly owing to Croatian-Dalmatian authors who gathered around the magazine Feral Tribune and were inspired paradoxically by a rude, direct, and at times heavy and disturbing humour, and veristic-like scenes of everyday life, that the change happened. The shift was slow, and the authors, who were often accused of dissenting and publicly accused of activism, insisted on writing about issues other than mere patriotism, persistently succeeded in changing the mindset of the public. This would not have been possible had it not been for the political changes that took place in the country. Among other things, the paper explains the gradual appearance of the anti-canon, and argues that humour, notwithstanding the huge amount of cynical denunciations of political elites, served as a cathartic means of introspection, and a collective way of awakening from past dilemmas. Furthermore, the paper presents the situation from the 1990s to today, arguing against the hyperproduction of patriotic books, and explaining the gradual shift in the literary canon, owing to the transformation of literary practice.
{"title":"From Post-Communist to Anti-Canon: The Rebels","authors":"Antonela Marić, Ana Ćosić","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.08","url":null,"abstract":"This paper conducts a short survey of the shift in the literary canon typical of the post-Homeland War period in Croatia. It is mainly owing to Croatian-Dalmatian authors who gathered around the magazine Feral Tribune and were inspired paradoxically by a rude, direct, and at times heavy and disturbing humour, and veristic-like scenes of everyday life, that the change happened. The shift was slow, and the authors, who were often accused of dissenting and publicly accused of activism, insisted on writing about issues other than mere patriotism, persistently succeeded in changing the mindset of the public. This would not have been possible had it not been for the political changes that took place in the country. Among other things, the paper explains the gradual appearance of the anti-canon, and argues that humour, notwithstanding the huge amount of cynical denunciations of political elites, served as a cathartic means of introspection, and a collective way of awakening from past dilemmas. Furthermore, the paper presents the situation from the 1990s to today, arguing against the hyperproduction of patriotic books, and explaining the gradual shift in the literary canon, owing to the transformation of literary practice.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":",,Tas laisvės troškimas“ (arba Kodėl verta tyrinėti jaunimo subkultūrines grupes)","authors":"Rasa Račiūnaitė-Paužuolienė","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.13","url":null,"abstract":"Egidija Ramanauskaitė 2023. Kauno hipiai: tapatybės paieškos 1966–1972, Vilnius: Vilniaus universiteto leidykla, 288 p., ISBN 978-609-07-1010-4","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Being Poland: A New History of Polish Literature and Culture since 1918 (2018), ed. by Tamara Trojanowska, Joanna Nizynska and Przemysław Czapliński; with the assitance of Agnieszka Polakowska, Toronto Buffalo London: University of Toronto Press, 828 p. ISBN 978-1-4426-5018-3(cloth), ISBN 978-1-4875-2459-3 (paper). A New History of Latvian Literature: The Long Nineteenth Century, eds. Pauls Daija / Bendikts Kalnačs (2022) [Cross-Roads: Studies in Culture, Literary Theory, and History. Ed. by Ryszard Nycz, vol. 29], Peter Lang GmbH, 276 p. ISBN 978-3-631-86202-5 (Print), E-ISBN 978-3-631-85624-6, (E-PDF) E-ISBN 978-3-631-87395-3 (EPUB).
作为波兰：多伦多大学出版社，828 页，ISBN 978-1-4426-5018-3（布），ISBN 978-1-4875-2459-3（纸）：ISBN 978-1-4426-5018-3（布），ISBN 978-1-4875-2459-3（纸）。拉脱维亚文学新史》：A New History of Latvian Literature: The Long Nineteenth Century》，eds.Pauls Daija / Bendikts Kalnačs（2022 年）[Cross-Roads：文化、文学理论和历史研究。编辑：Ryszard Nycz，第 29 卷]，Peter Lang GmbH，276 页，ISBN 978-3-631-86202-5（印刷版），E-ISBN 978-3-631-85624-6，（E-PDF）E-ISBN 978-3-631-87395-3（EPUB）。
{"title":"A Few Thoughts About the New Histories of Polish and Latvian Literature","authors":"Aušra Jurgutienė","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.14","url":null,"abstract":"Being Poland: A New History of Polish Literature and Culture since 1918 (2018), ed. by Tamara Trojanowska, Joanna Nizynska and Przemysław Czapliński; with the assitance of Agnieszka Polakowska, Toronto Buffalo London: University of Toronto Press, 828 p. ISBN 978-1-4426-5018-3(cloth), ISBN 978-1-4875-2459-3 (paper). \u0000A New History of Latvian Literature: The Long Nineteenth Century, eds. Pauls Daija / Bendikts Kalnačs (2022) [Cross-Roads: Studies in Culture, Literary Theory, and History. Ed. by Ryszard Nycz, vol. 29], Peter Lang GmbH, 276 p. ISBN 978-3-631-86202-5 (Print), E-ISBN 978-3-631-85624-6, (E-PDF) E-ISBN 978-3-631-87395-3 (EPUB).","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the conception of the author’s death that was prevalent in the second half of the 20th century, the author’s biography always intervenes indirectly in the canonisation process, either a priori, as an additional argument for canonisation (e.g. participation in the national movement), or a posteriori, when the canonised author acquires, according to Yuri Lotman, the right to a biography. Moreover, biography becomes a significant factor in cases of revising and rewriting the canon, especially when it is related to political changes in society, e.g. in forming a Socialist Realist canon or the case of its radical deconstruction. The focus on biographical texts and authors’ biographies increases significantly in the 21st century, when literature itself tries to erase boundaries between fictional and biographical, and literary scholars discuss whether it is possible to separate the author from his or her work in the contexts of the historical memory and cancel culture. In this theoretical and historical framework, I discuss the role of the biography in the canonisation and decanonisation of a writer, and consider how these processes and the shift in the cultural paradigm influence interpretations of writers’ biographies.
{"title":"The Biography of a Writer as an Argument in (De)Canonisation","authors":"Dalia Satkauskytė","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.02","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the conception of the author’s death that was prevalent in the second half of the 20th century, the author’s biography always intervenes indirectly in the canonisation process, either a priori, as an additional argument for canonisation (e.g. participation in the national movement), or a posteriori, when the canonised author acquires, according to Yuri Lotman, the right to a biography. Moreover, biography becomes a significant factor in cases of revising and rewriting the canon, especially when it is related to political changes in society, e.g. in forming a Socialist Realist canon or the case of its radical deconstruction. The focus on biographical texts and authors’ biographies increases significantly in the 21st century, when literature itself tries to erase boundaries between fictional and biographical, and literary scholars discuss whether it is possible to separate the author from his or her work in the contexts of the historical memory and cancel culture. In this theoretical and historical framework, I discuss the role of the biography in the canonisation and decanonisation of a writer, and consider how these processes and the shift in the cultural paradigm influence interpretations of writers’ biographies. ","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
(Gitana Vanagaitė, Vaižgantas’s Personality and Work: The Interaction of Christianity and Modernity: A Monograph)
(Gitana Vanagaitė，《瓦伊兹甘塔斯的个性与作品》：基督教与现代性的互动：专著）
{"title":"Vaižgantas—with a Black Cassock Grown into the Light","authors":"Roma Bončkutė","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.11","url":null,"abstract":"(Gitana Vanagaitė, Vaižgantas’s Personality and Work: The Interaction of Christianity and Modernity: A Monograph)","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141679011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcelijus Martinaitis, Poetry’s Trap, compiled by Antanas Rybelis
Marcelijus Martinaitis，《诗歌的陷阱》，Antanas Rybelis 编译
{"title":"XX a. modernisto estetinės pažiūros laiko pinklėse","authors":"Akvilė Rėklaitytė","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.12","url":null,"abstract":"Marcelijus Martinaitis, Poetry’s Trap, compiled by Antanas Rybelis","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article focuses on the seminal Slovak poet Miroslav Válek (1927–1991) and his place in the Slovak literary canon. It reconstructs Válek’s literary trajectory, from being a poet of individualist and intimate verse who entered Slovak literature during the political thaw and liberalisation, as an important voice of the generation, to a poet who inclined towards long associative poems with political overtones, culminating in his controversial book-length poem in the 1970s, during his no less controversial time as minister of culture of the Slovak Socialist Republic. Based on the critical reception and publishing history of Válek’s poetry, the paper pays attention to shifts and ambiguities in the poet’s position in both the socialist and post-socialist literary canons. Despite certain fluctuations, the basis of his image remains the same, rooted in his own poetic programme, which coincided with the preferred image of a poet’s work at the time: Válek was and remains both a poet and a politician, a poet of inner turmoil, and a poet of social and political being. The difference the paper attempts to describe is that the socialist literary canon did not differentiate between these extremes (at least in official literary criticism), whereas the Slovak post-socialist canon, which is generally sceptical towards political tones in art, makes the distinction clearly.
{"title":"Miroslav Válek: Three Stages of Canonicity","authors":"Viliam Nádaskay","doi":"10.51554/coll.24.53.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51554/coll.24.53.04","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the seminal Slovak poet Miroslav Válek (1927–1991) and his place in the Slovak literary canon. It reconstructs Válek’s literary trajectory, from being a poet of individualist and intimate verse who entered Slovak literature during the political thaw and liberalisation, as an important voice of the generation, to a poet who inclined towards long associative poems with political overtones, culminating in his controversial book-length poem in the 1970s, during his no less controversial time as minister of culture of the Slovak Socialist Republic. Based on the critical reception and publishing history of Válek’s poetry, the paper pays attention to shifts and ambiguities in the poet’s position in both the socialist and post-socialist literary canons. Despite certain fluctuations, the basis of his image remains the same, rooted in his own poetic programme, which coincided with the preferred image of a poet’s work at the time: Válek was and remains both a poet and a politician, a poet of inner turmoil, and a poet of social and political being. The difference the paper attempts to describe is that the socialist literary canon did not differentiate between these extremes (at least in official literary criticism), whereas the Slovak post-socialist canon, which is generally sceptical towards political tones in art, makes the distinction clearly.","PeriodicalId":37193,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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