Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385978
P. N. Zakharov, E. V. Mikhailov, A. Korolev, A. P. Sukhorukov
The results of prediction using radio propagation models typically represent physical characteristics of a radio channel. The commonly exploited use of these characteristics as a metric in network planning, instead of rigorous system-level channel parameters, may lead to non-satisfactory results for modern communication and broadcast systems. In the current contribution, a general method for prediction of system-level channel characteristics (BER, data rate, etc.) is proposed, based on site-specific propagation models, deterministic system models and spatial statistical generalization. Validation of the method with direct measurements in a complex indoor environment (for BPSK, QAM, OFDM QAM) has shown its high accuracy (below 21 % RMS error of local mean channel capacity prediction). Another subject of the current work is the experimental investigation of the dependence of system-level characteristics prediction accuracy upon spatial detailing of prediction, which demonstrated the considerable enhancement of accuracy with a decrease in detailing. The proposed method may be directly applied to network planning: it provides means for metric calculation and coverage maps estimation.
{"title":"Deterministic method of information transmission channel prediction in multipath environments","authors":"P. N. Zakharov, E. V. Mikhailov, A. Korolev, A. P. Sukhorukov","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385978","url":null,"abstract":"The results of prediction using radio propagation models typically represent physical characteristics of a radio channel. The commonly exploited use of these characteristics as a metric in network planning, instead of rigorous system-level channel parameters, may lead to non-satisfactory results for modern communication and broadcast systems. In the current contribution, a general method for prediction of system-level channel characteristics (BER, data rate, etc.) is proposed, based on site-specific propagation models, deterministic system models and spatial statistical generalization. Validation of the method with direct measurements in a complex indoor environment (for BPSK, QAM, OFDM QAM) has shown its high accuracy (below 21 % RMS error of local mean channel capacity prediction). Another subject of the current work is the experimental investigation of the dependence of system-level characteristics prediction accuracy upon spatial detailing of prediction, which demonstrated the considerable enhancement of accuracy with a decrease in detailing. The proposed method may be directly applied to network planning: it provides means for metric calculation and coverage maps estimation.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116729283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385981
O. Degani, S. Ravid
A push-push VCO with embedded BALUN and resistive CML divider for 60GHz heterodyne transceiver architecture, are presented. The measured VCO second harmonic output frequency is ~44.6–50[GHz], i.e. ~11.4% tuning range. The phase noise at 1[MHz] offset from the carrier, is ranging between −109 to −112[dBc/Hz] and −97 to −100 [dBc/Hz], for f0/2 and 2×f0 outputs, respectively. The circuit works from 1.3V supply and consumes ~20mA current (VCO ~7mA, Divider + Divider buffer~8mA, second harmonic buffer ~3mA). The output power is ~ −13dBm and −20dBm at the f0/2 and 2×f0 outputs, respectively.
{"title":"Differential output, transformer coupled push-push VCO and divider for 60GHz applications in 90nm CMOS","authors":"O. Degani, S. Ravid","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385981","url":null,"abstract":"A push-push VCO with embedded BALUN and resistive CML divider for 60GHz heterodyne transceiver architecture, are presented. The measured VCO second harmonic output frequency is ~44.6–50[GHz], i.e. ~11.4% tuning range. The phase noise at 1[MHz] offset from the carrier, is ranging between −109 to −112[dBc/Hz] and −97 to −100 [dBc/Hz], for f0/2 and 2×f0 outputs, respectively. The circuit works from 1.3V supply and consumes ~20mA current (VCO ~7mA, Divider + Divider buffer~8mA, second harmonic buffer ~3mA). The output power is ~ −13dBm and −20dBm at the f0/2 and 2×f0 outputs, respectively.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115533019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385967
Kenneth W. Mays
A 40 GHz power amplifier is realized with a new 0.15 um optical lithography pHEMT process developed for low-cost microwave and millimeter wave circuits. Several Ka and V Band market requirements have driven demand for higher bandwidth, low-cost, integrated circuits. A 40 GHz power amplifier is used to demonstrate the process capabilities, starting from the initial design phase and culminating with the fabrication and measurement of the solid state power amplifier.
{"title":"A 40 GHz power amplifier using a low cost high volume 0.15 um optical lithography pHEMT process","authors":"Kenneth W. Mays","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385967","url":null,"abstract":"A 40 GHz power amplifier is realized with a new 0.15 um optical lithography pHEMT process developed for low-cost microwave and millimeter wave circuits. Several Ka and V Band market requirements have driven demand for higher bandwidth, low-cost, integrated circuits. A 40 GHz power amplifier is used to demonstrate the process capabilities, starting from the initial design phase and culminating with the fabrication and measurement of the solid state power amplifier.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"461 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123804569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386026
Y. Linn
In a series of papers in recent years new structures for coherent M-PSK (M-ary Phase Shift Keying) receivers were suggested. These include structures for carrier phase detectors for the carrier PLL (Phase Lock Loop), carrier PLL lock detectors, symbol timing error detectors, symbol synchronization PLL lock detectors, carrier and symbol PLL loop filters, and SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) estimators. Taken together, it can be said that these structures define a new architecture for coherent M-PSK receivers. This architecture has several unique characteristics: (a) it is very suitable for compact implementation within an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit); (b) it is resilient to AGC (Automatic Gain Control) imperfections; (c) it is particularly optimized for implementation using fixed-point binary arithmetic. In this paper we review the aforementioned structures and the interrelationships between them and discuss various optimizations and implementation details of the proposed receiver architecture. Because of the suitability of the proposed architecture with regards to fixed-point hardware implementations, it is particularly suitable for low-power operation and high data rates, both of which are very important attributes in contemporary communications systems. Results obtained through hardware implementation of the proposed architecture are presented and are compared to theoretical results. We also briefly discuss possible applications of the proposed structures to other related modulations, such as D-MPSK (Differential M-PSK), QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), OMPSK (Offset MPSK), MSK (Minimum Shift Keying), GMSK (Gaussian MSK), and other CPM modulations, as well as for hierarchical constellations and cognitive radio.
{"title":"A new architecture for coherent M-PSK receivers","authors":"Y. Linn","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386026","url":null,"abstract":"In a series of papers in recent years new structures for coherent M-PSK (M-ary Phase Shift Keying) receivers were suggested. These include structures for carrier phase detectors for the carrier PLL (Phase Lock Loop), carrier PLL lock detectors, symbol timing error detectors, symbol synchronization PLL lock detectors, carrier and symbol PLL loop filters, and SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) estimators. Taken together, it can be said that these structures define a new architecture for coherent M-PSK receivers. This architecture has several unique characteristics: (a) it is very suitable for compact implementation within an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit); (b) it is resilient to AGC (Automatic Gain Control) imperfections; (c) it is particularly optimized for implementation using fixed-point binary arithmetic. In this paper we review the aforementioned structures and the interrelationships between them and discuss various optimizations and implementation details of the proposed receiver architecture. Because of the suitability of the proposed architecture with regards to fixed-point hardware implementations, it is particularly suitable for low-power operation and high data rates, both of which are very important attributes in contemporary communications systems. Results obtained through hardware implementation of the proposed architecture are presented and are compared to theoretical results. We also briefly discuss possible applications of the proposed structures to other related modulations, such as D-MPSK (Differential M-PSK), QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), OMPSK (Offset MPSK), MSK (Minimum Shift Keying), GMSK (Gaussian MSK), and other CPM modulations, as well as for hierarchical constellations and cognitive radio.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125234871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385957
Z. Yun, Soo Yong Lim, M. Iskander
In this paper, we will first review the ray-tracing algorithms developed in our group; then examples of the exploitation of geospatial data for radio propagation and its benefits will be presented. We will discuss the techniques to extract three dimensional (3D) building structures in urban propagation environment using 2D images in cyberspace. Finally, a real-time ray tracer will be briefly described.
{"title":"Radio propagation modeling in complex environments for wireless communications","authors":"Z. Yun, Soo Yong Lim, M. Iskander","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385957","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we will first review the ray-tracing algorithms developed in our group; then examples of the exploitation of geospatial data for radio propagation and its benefits will be presented. We will discuss the techniques to extract three dimensional (3D) building structures in urban propagation environment using 2D images in cyberspace. Finally, a real-time ray tracer will be briefly described.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123269494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386048
M. Peleg
A cancer cluster which occurred among young workers in an antenna ranges facility is reported. Five out of about 30 workers were diagnosed with cancer. The calculated Odds Ratio (OR) was 8.3 with Confidence Interval (CI 95%) of 2.3 to 19. Since this is a single cluster no definite conclusions can be drawn from it by itself, however together with other similar cases reported elsewhere it tends to indicate a severe cancer risk for groups of young people exposed repetitively and over years to non-ionizing radio-frequency radiation at levels limited only by the ICNIRP thermal limits.
{"title":"Report on a cancer cluster in an antenna ranges facility","authors":"M. Peleg","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386048","url":null,"abstract":"A cancer cluster which occurred among young workers in an antenna ranges facility is reported. Five out of about 30 workers were diagnosed with cancer. The calculated Odds Ratio (OR) was 8.3 with Confidence Interval (CI 95%) of 2.3 to 19. Since this is a single cluster no definite conclusions can be drawn from it by itself, however together with other similar cases reported elsewhere it tends to indicate a severe cancer risk for groups of young people exposed repetitively and over years to non-ionizing radio-frequency radiation at levels limited only by the ICNIRP thermal limits.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128903604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386051
E. David, T. Zlotnikov, L. Gal, O. Lavie, Y. Nemirovsky
This paper presents a novel MEMS comb-structured variable capacitor at 20GHz that features a wide capacitance tuning range of 200%, yet avoids unwanted coupling through the springs. This new varactor consists of three comb structures — two of which are anchored to the substrate, while the third, which capacitively couples the two anchored ones, is movable, suspended on mechanical springs. This new design decouples the mechanical mechanism from the RF capacitor and allows an independent optimal design of the two.
{"title":"High tuning range MEMS capacitor for microwave applications","authors":"E. David, T. Zlotnikov, L. Gal, O. Lavie, Y. Nemirovsky","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386051","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel MEMS comb-structured variable capacitor at 20GHz that features a wide capacitance tuning range of 200%, yet avoids unwanted coupling through the springs. This new varactor consists of three comb structures — two of which are anchored to the substrate, while the third, which capacitively couples the two anchored ones, is movable, suspended on mechanical springs. This new design decouples the mechanical mechanism from the RF capacitor and allows an independent optimal design of the two.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129287485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386046
F. Yanovsky
This paper considers Doppler-polarimetric radar methods in application to observing distributed targets. Examples of typical distributed targets are meteorological objects. For instance, among wide variety of meteorological objects, such targets as clouds with precipitation are considered. Developed mathematical models of Doppler-polarimetric reflections from distributed targets as rain and clouds are discussed. Phenomenological and mathematical aspects of the relationships between different Doppler-polarimetric measurable variables and parameters of the object under observation such as its microstructure and dynamic properties of scatterers inside the resolution volume are considered. Implementation of Doppler-polarimetric approach, which requires significant processing power, in reasonable devices is considered.
{"title":"Doppler-polarimetric radar system for recognition of distributed objects","authors":"F. Yanovsky","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386046","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers Doppler-polarimetric radar methods in application to observing distributed targets. Examples of typical distributed targets are meteorological objects. For instance, among wide variety of meteorological objects, such targets as clouds with precipitation are considered. Developed mathematical models of Doppler-polarimetric reflections from distributed targets as rain and clouds are discussed. Phenomenological and mathematical aspects of the relationships between different Doppler-polarimetric measurable variables and parameters of the object under observation such as its microstructure and dynamic properties of scatterers inside the resolution volume are considered. Implementation of Doppler-polarimetric approach, which requires significant processing power, in reasonable devices is considered.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130699490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386018
V. Shumaev, A. Kolchev, D. Shpak
In this work describe some new functional possibilities of chirp ionosonde in addition to building of oblique sounding ionograms. It is separation of signal and noise on output of receiver, detection of spectrum concentrate disturbance, rejection of spectrum concentrate disturbances and cleaning ionograms from strange signals, measuring characteristics of signal and noise, reconstruction of signal reflected from ionosphere, estimation the signal-to-noise ratio in receiver band. These possibilities were realized by change the procedure of the processing the signal on the output of receiver.
{"title":"Special facilities of chirp ionosonde","authors":"V. Shumaev, A. Kolchev, D. Shpak","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5386018","url":null,"abstract":"In this work describe some new functional possibilities of chirp ionosonde in addition to building of oblique sounding ionograms. It is separation of signal and noise on output of receiver, detection of spectrum concentrate disturbance, rejection of spectrum concentrate disturbances and cleaning ionograms from strange signals, measuring characteristics of signal and noise, reconstruction of signal reflected from ionosphere, estimation the signal-to-noise ratio in receiver band. These possibilities were realized by change the procedure of the processing the signal on the output of receiver.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126372063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-01DOI: 10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385971
J. Heidrich, D. Brenk, J. Essel, G. Hofer, G. Holweg, G. Fischer, R. Weigel
In this paper a low voltage RC oscillator for standard RFID applications and local positioning is presented. Its bias current is provided by a current-mode bandgap whose reference voltage can also be used for enhanced transponder applications like sensing. The chip is designed in a 0.13 µm CMOS technology with p substrate. It was developed at the Institute for Electronics Engineering within the scope of a research project supported by the Bavarian Research Foundation.
本文介绍了一种适用于标准RFID应用和局部定位的低压RC振荡器。其偏置电流由电流模式带隙提供，其参考电压也可用于增强的应答器应用，如传感。该芯片采用0.13 μ m CMOS技术和p衬底设计。它是由电子工程研究所在巴伐利亚研究基金会支持的一个研究项目范围内开发的。
{"title":"Low voltage reference cells for UHF transponders with advanced features","authors":"J. Heidrich, D. Brenk, J. Essel, G. Hofer, G. Holweg, G. Fischer, R. Weigel","doi":"10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2009.5385971","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a low voltage RC oscillator for standard RFID applications and local positioning is presented. Its bias current is provided by a current-mode bandgap whose reference voltage can also be used for enhanced transponder applications like sensing. The chip is designed in a 0.13 µm CMOS technology with p substrate. It was developed at the Institute for Electronics Engineering within the scope of a research project supported by the Bavarian Research Foundation.","PeriodicalId":372928,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121164656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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