Journal of Healthcare Quality Research最新文献

Introduction

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious disease that requires early diagnosis to achieve a better patient prognosis. Right heart catheterization (RHC) has become the main diagnostic test for this disease, measuring the pressures from the right heart chambers invasively, using a catheter placed through venous access. Nursing performance has an important role in RHC through peripheral venous access due to its well-done skills for canalization and knowledge about the management and care of these accesses. RHC performed through peripheral venous access provide advantages over those performed through central venous access.

Objective

To analyze the benefits from RHC through peripheral venous access compared to those performed through central venous access, as well as highlighting the role of nursing during this type of procedures.

Method

A retrospective, descriptive, and observational study was performed for patients who underwent RHC in our center between January 2019 to January 2023. We analyzed clinical characteristics, access, fluoroscopy parameters, periprocedural complications, and hospital admissions.

Result

A total of 115 patients were included. The average age was 65 ± 12 years, with 58.1% of females. Risk stratification of PH was the reason for conducting RHC in 82.9%. The anterocubital veins became the main approach (72.2%), performed by hemodynamics nurses, while the central venous ones composed the rest (27.8%), which were done by cardiology specialized doctors. We observed a significant reduction in radiation dose in RHC via anterocubital route compared to central venous access (4.4 Gycm² vs 12.5 Gycm² [IQR: 4.5]; P < .001), and it does also in fluoroscopy times (2.3 minutes vs 4.6 minutes [IQR: 2.6]; P < .001). No complications were recorded, independently of the approach. Patients who underwent a scheduled catheterization were discharged more frequently on the same day of the procedure whether a peripheral approach was performed (77.2%, 44 of 57 patients), in comparison with the central one (28.6%) (P = .001).

Conclusions

The RHC is an essential tool for the diagnosis of PH, achieving nursing such an important role for those performed by peripheral venous access. Peripheral venous access provides benefits and advantages like the reduction of radiation exposure and scan times, reduced hospital stay. All this could bring greater comfort, safety and better quality of care to the patient.

Background

Improper compliance with antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) in surgery is associated with an increased risk of surgical site infection (SSI), and impacts the efficiency of healthcare.

Objective

Evaluate the impact of an intervention in compliance with AP in selected surgical procedures and its effect on antibiotic consumption and cost.

Methods

A prospective interventional study was performed in a community hospital from January to December 2022. The baseline period was considered January–April 2022 and the intervention period May–December 2022. All patients who underwent cesarean section, appendectomies, hernia surgery, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), abdominoplasty, and cholecystectomy during the study period were selected. The intervention includes staff education, pharmacy interventions, monitoring the quality of prescriptions and feedback, and improved role of anesthesia staff, and department champions.

Results

The study involved 192 and 617 surgical procedures in the baseline and intervention periods respectively. The compliance with timing, selection, dose, and discontinuation achieved 100%, 99.2%, and 97.6% from baseline figures of 92.7%, 95.8%, and 81.3%, respectively. The antibiotic consumption was reduced by 55.1% during the intervention with a higher contribution of other antibiotics (94.1% reduction) in comparison with antibiotics as per policy (31.2% reduction). The cost was reduced by 47.2% (antibiotic as per policy 31.9%, other antibiotics 94.2%).

Conclusion

The implemented strategy was effective in improving the quality of antibiotic prophylaxis with a significant impact in reducing antibiotic consumption and cost.

Background and objective

In Spain, Quality Units play a key and unique role in advising healthcare centers on the methodology of healthcare quality. The objectives of the study were to develop computer algorithms to obtain a synthetic indicator of standard compliance for Quality Units and to pilot its functioning in these units.

Materials and methods

The Excel program was used to establish evaluation algorithms, and quantitatively interrelate and weight various categories of standards, as a computer evaluation tool, to build a continuous improvement cycle system, and offer a global synthetic indicator of compliance. The tool was tested in a prospective multicenter pilot study, in which coordinators of Quality Units from different health centers and care settings participated, to evaluate the usefulness of the tool and compliance with the standards, in addition to analyzing the content validity of each standard.

Results

The formulas for the structured computer algorithms were developed, consecutively, in a «PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT» improvement cycle for the 9 categories of standards, resulting in a single synthetic indicator of compliance. Twenty-one Quality Units participated in the piloting. The overall average compliance rate for the synthetic indicator was 55.63% with differences between centers (P = .002) and between categories (P < .0001), but not by autonomous communities (P = .86) or by areas (P = .97). Content validity was ensured through the variable of «understanding» of the standards (P < .001), and through their «justification» with documentary evidence (P < .001).

Conclusions

The computer tool with the synthetic indicator have allowed for the evaluation of standard compliance in Quality Units of healthcare centers.

Introduction and objectives

Healthcare organisations are highly complex entities that live with a high risk of instability. In order to minimise this instability, interactions and personal relationships play a major role and accordingly the figure of the leader gains full significance.

The leadership style used can produce different reactions and lead to multiple outcomes, including job satisfaction. The aim of the present review is to correlate leadership style with job satisfaction in healthcare professionals.

Material and methods

A systematic review was carried out in BVS, Cochrane plus, CINAHL, ApaPsycinfo and Pubmed, selecting publications that mentioned leadership styles and job satisfaction in healthcare professionals. Publications search strategy were limited for the 5-10 last years, full text availability and language of writing: English, French and Spanish. Review-type publications were excluded. Of the 1566 initial titles, 15 were selected for analysis.

Results and conclusions

The transformational style showed the highest number of positive correlations, followed by the authentic and transactional styles. On the other hand, the passive and laissez-faire styles showed a negative correlation regardless of the professional category to which they belonged.

The results of this study provide a starting point for adopting effective leadership styles to optimise the recruitment and training processes of staff in management and coordination roles.

Objective

To assess the cost-effectiveness of Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) compared to the standard of care for secondary prevention of fragility fractures form the perspective of the Catalan Health Service.

Methods

Cost-utility assessment through a Markov model that simulated disease progression of a patients’ cohort candidates to initiate antiosteoporotic treatment after a fragility fracture. A time horizon of 10 years and a 6-month duration per cycle was established. Clinical, economics and quality of life parameters were obtained from the literature and derived from four Catalan FLS. The Catalan Health Service perspective was adopted, considering direct health costs expressed in 2022 euros. A 3% discount rate was applied on costs and outcomes. Uncertainty was assessed through multiple sensitivity analyses.

Results

Compared to the standard of care, FLS would promote antiosteoporotic initiation and persistence, reducing the incidence and mortality associated with subsequent fragility fractures. This incremental clinical benefit was estimated at 0.055 years and 0.112 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) per patient. A higher cost (€1,073.79 per patient) was estimated, resulting into an incremental cost-utility ratio of €9,602.72 per QALYs gained. The sensitivity analyses performed were consistent, corroborating the robustness and conservative approach of the base-case.

Conclusions

The introduction of FLS for the secondary prevention of FF would represent a cost-effective strategy from the Catalan Health Service perspective.

Introduction and objectives

The Scarborough Health Network joined the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) in fiscal year 2017–2018 with interest in tracking surgical outcomes in General and Vascular Surgery patients. Results of the ACS NSQIP program revealed poor outcomes in 30-day urinary tract infection (UTI) rates in this population group. Results were in the lowest quartile compared to peer hospitals. To improve patient care, SHN initiated a multi-pronged quality improvement plan (QIP).

Methods

The QIP focused on several improvements: (1) clarify the current state and conduct a root cause analysis, (2) determine a plan to encourage early removal of catheters in post-surgical patients, (3) enhance team communication in the pre-operative, operative and post-operative care environments, and (4) improve education around UTI prevention and treatment.

Results

This study demonstrates the success of the quality improvement plan to improve a peri-operative complication in surgical patients. By 2019, SHN saw a significant decrease in UTI rates, and became a top decile performer in ACS NSQIP.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the feasibility and success of implementing a quality improvement project, and its methods can be adapted at other hospital sites to improve patient care.