Studies show that there are significant increments of glutamate levels in individuals with autism spectrum disorders, which suggests that this amino acid could be a potential biomarker. We aimed to evaluate the concentration tryptophan and glutamate in the blood plasma of children with autism and their correlation with symptoms severity in children and adolescents diagnosed with autism. We assessed the plasma tryptophan and glutamate levels in the 35 children with autism and 31 unrelated healthy controls. The plasma amino acid analysis was performed by a high-pressure liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS-2) was used to evaluate autism severity. Compared with the control group, the autism group had higher levels of plasma glutamate (p = .005), and there was a negative correlation between stereotyped patterns score, total score of GARS-2, and plasma tryptophan levels in the autism group (p = .012, r = -0.42 and p = .034, r = -0.36 respectively). There was also a positive correlation between stereotyped patterns score and plasma glutamate levels in ASD boys (p = .050, r = 0.39). Our findings provide evidence of elevated plasma glutamate levels and for correlations between tryptophan, glutamate and severity of symptoms in children with autism.
研究表明，自闭症谱系障碍患者的谷氨酸水平显著增加，这表明这种氨基酸可能是一种潜在的生物标志物。我们旨在评估自闭症儿童血浆中色氨酸和谷氨酸的浓度及其与自闭症儿童和青少年症状严重程度的相关性。我们评估了35名自闭症儿童和31名无关健康对照的血浆色氨酸和谷氨酸水平。血浆氨基酸分析采用高压液相色谱仪(HPLC)。采用Gilliam自闭症评定量表(GARS-2)评估自闭症严重程度。与对照组相比，自闭症组血浆谷氨酸水平较高(p = 0.005)，刻板模式评分、gar -2总分与血浆色氨酸水平呈负相关(p = 0.012, r = -0.42和p = 0.034, r = -0.36)。刻板印象模式评分与ASD男孩血浆谷氨酸水平呈正相关(p = 0.050, r = 0.39)。我们的研究结果提供了血浆谷氨酸水平升高的证据，以及色氨酸、谷氨酸和自闭症儿童症状严重程度之间的相关性。
{"title":"Comparison of blood tryptophan and glutamate levels in children and adolescents with autism and healthy controls","authors":"Parinaz Kalejahi, S. Kheirouri, S. Noorazar","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.05","url":null,"abstract":"Studies show that there are significant increments of glutamate levels in individuals with autism spectrum disorders, which suggests that this amino acid could be a potential biomarker. We aimed to evaluate the concentration tryptophan and glutamate in the blood plasma of children with autism and their correlation with symptoms severity in children and adolescents diagnosed with autism. We assessed the plasma tryptophan and glutamate levels in the 35 children with autism and 31 unrelated healthy controls. The plasma amino acid analysis was performed by a high-pressure liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS-2) was used to evaluate autism severity. Compared with the control group, the autism group had higher levels of plasma glutamate (p = .005), and there was a negative correlation between stereotyped patterns score, total score of GARS-2, and plasma tryptophan levels in the autism group (p = .012, r = -0.42 and p = .034, r = -0.36 respectively). There was also a positive correlation between stereotyped patterns score and plasma glutamate levels in ASD boys (p = .050, r = 0.39). Our findings provide evidence of elevated plasma glutamate levels and for correlations between tryptophan, glutamate and severity of symptoms in children with autism.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83045555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hungary is unique in Europe having five school physical education (PE) classes per week for every child. The objective of this study was to examine the changes that have occurred in the leisure-time activities (sedentary activities and physical activities) of Hungarian students since this introduction. Students’ sedentary activities and physical activities activity were measured in a repeated cross-sectional study using the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) method. Activities were reported by participants from getting up in the morning until starting school and from after school until falling asleep, at 15-minute intervals. Behaviors were reported in response to a single free-response item: ‘What are you doing now?’. The first survey was in 2005/06, and the second survey was in 2015/16 after the introduction of daily physical education. We found that despite daily PE, Hungarian students still spend most of their leisure time sitting (e.g., talking, watching TV). However, reported leisure time spent on sport and exercise was ranked higher than in the first survey, moving from eighth to fifth place. Boys still spend more time watching TV and playing computer games than girls but are also more physically active. No significant age effects were found in time spent on sport and exercise, but there was a difference in sedentary activities. Regardless of gender and age group, after the introduction of daily physical education, leisure time spent on sports and exercise increased significantly.
{"title":"The effect of the introduction of daily physical education classes on the leisure activities of Hungarian students","authors":"I. Dizmatsek, J. Ling, L. Tóth, P. Hamar, I. Soós","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.01","url":null,"abstract":"Hungary is unique in Europe having five school physical education (PE) classes per week for every child. The objective of this study was to examine the changes that have occurred in the leisure-time activities (sedentary activities and physical activities) of Hungarian students since this introduction. Students’ sedentary activities and physical activities activity were measured in a repeated cross-sectional study using the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) method. Activities were reported by participants from getting up in the morning until starting school and from after school until falling asleep, at 15-minute intervals. Behaviors were reported in response to a single free-response item: ‘What are you doing now?’. The first survey was in 2005/06, and the second survey was in 2015/16 after the introduction of daily physical education. We found that despite daily PE, Hungarian students still spend most of their leisure time sitting (e.g., talking, watching TV). However, reported leisure time spent on sport and exercise was ranked higher than in the first survey, moving from eighth to fifth place. Boys still spend more time watching TV and playing computer games than girls but are also more physically active. No significant age effects were found in time spent on sport and exercise, but there was a difference in sedentary activities. Regardless of gender and age group, after the introduction of daily physical education, leisure time spent on sports and exercise increased significantly.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80045456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we examined the psychometric properties of the Beliefs About Emotions Questionnaire (BAEQ; Manser et al., 2012) for university students. A total of 436 Turkish university students aged between 18 and 29 took part in the study. To test the criterion validity of the scale, the relationships of the BAEQ factors with each other and with dispositional/trait mindfulness, self-compassion, intra and interpersonal emotion regulation strategies, and mental health variables were examined. The results showed that the data set confirmed the proposed factor structure for BAEQ with some modifications. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed adequate fit to the data, the internal consistency coefficients showed good internal consistencies, and evidence for criterion validity was obtained. Overall, results revealed that 37-item BAEQ is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used by emotion regulation researchers, and mental health practitioners.
在本研究中，我们考察了情绪信念问卷(BAEQ;Manser et al.， 2012)。共有436名年龄在18岁至29岁之间的土耳其大学生参加了这项研究。为检验本量表的效度，考察了各BAEQ因子之间的相互关系，以及与性格/特质正念、自我同情、内部和人际情绪调节策略、心理健康变量之间的关系。结果表明，该数据集与提出的BAEQ因子结构一致，并进行了一定的修改。验证性因子分析显示数据拟合良好，内部一致性系数显示出良好的内部一致性，获得了标准效度的证据。综上所述，37项BAEQ是一种有效、可靠的测量工具，可供情绪调节研究者和心理健康从业人员使用。
{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Beliefs About Emotions Questionnaire (BAEQ) and a preliminary investigation in relation to emotion regulation","authors":"Melisa Sevi Koç, Bilge Uzun","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.04","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we examined the psychometric properties of the Beliefs About Emotions Questionnaire (BAEQ; Manser et al., 2012) for university students. A total of 436 Turkish university students aged between 18 and 29 took part in the study. To test the criterion validity of the scale, the relationships of the BAEQ factors with each other and with dispositional/trait mindfulness, self-compassion, intra and interpersonal emotion regulation strategies, and mental health variables were examined. The results showed that the data set confirmed the proposed factor structure for BAEQ with some modifications. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed adequate fit to the data, the internal consistency coefficients showed good internal consistencies, and evidence for criterion validity was obtained. Overall, results revealed that 37-item BAEQ is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used by emotion regulation researchers, and mental health practitioners.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73152044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the mechanisms underlying the relationship between intrateam learning behaviors and team performance in student project teams in terms of contribution conflict as an antecedent of the team shared mental model on team tasks. The data collected from a sample of 201 Romanian student teams show that only team shared mental model on team tasks totally mediates the relationship between intrateam learning behaviors and team performance. Moreover, contribution conflict and team shared mental model on team tasks taken together fully mediate the relationship between intrateam learning behaviors and team performance. We conclude our study by suggesting future research on the main topic of team learning and team effectiveness.
{"title":"From intra-team learning behaviors to team performance: Contribution conflict and team shared mental models as mechanisms: A time-lagged study","authors":"C. Mărcuț, C. Rus, Cătălina Oțoiu, Lucia Rațiu","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.06","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the mechanisms underlying the relationship between intrateam learning behaviors and team performance in student project teams in terms of contribution conflict as an antecedent of the team shared mental model on team tasks. The data collected from a sample of 201 Romanian student teams show that only team shared mental model on team tasks totally mediates the relationship between intrateam learning behaviors and team performance. Moreover, contribution conflict and team shared mental model on team tasks taken together fully mediate the relationship between intrateam learning behaviors and team performance. We conclude our study by suggesting future research on the main topic of team learning and team effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88065639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Căpăţînă, C. Pojoga, B. Savu, M. Fadgyas-Stănculete
Background: In order to pursue recovery, Quality of life (QoL) and general functioning in patients with schizophrenia are milestones that need to be addressed in the treatment of the disease. The major aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between QoL, functionality and symptoms, and clinical characteristics of the disease, and to identify whether the two domains of negative symptoms, avolition/apathy and diminished expression, are predictive factors for the quality of life and functionality in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. In the present cross-sectional study, 87 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia completed a thorough battery of instruments evaluating: clinical symptoms, stigma, QoL, functionality, socio-demographic and clinical variables. Multiple regression analyses were performed to test the significance of predictor variables for QoL and functionality. Multiple regression analyses revealed that internalized stigma, depression, and excitement were significant predictors for the variability of QoL, and experiential deficit and cognitive symptoms were significant predictors of the variability of functioning. In patients with schizophrenia, functioning and quality of life are two related but different constructs. Even though they are strongly associated, they have different predictive factors. The clinical implication of these results is that both of these constructs should be assessed and that the strategies for improving them should be different.
{"title":"Predictors of quality of life and functioning in schizophrenia","authors":"O. Căpăţînă, C. Pojoga, B. Savu, M. Fadgyas-Stănculete","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2021.25.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2021.25.17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In order to pursue recovery, Quality of life (QoL) and general functioning in patients with schizophrenia are milestones that need to be addressed in the treatment of the disease. The major aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between QoL, functionality and symptoms, and clinical characteristics of the disease, and to identify whether the two domains of negative symptoms, avolition/apathy and diminished expression, are predictive factors for the quality of life and functionality in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. In the present cross-sectional study, 87 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia completed a thorough battery of instruments evaluating: clinical symptoms, stigma, QoL, functionality, socio-demographic and clinical variables. Multiple regression analyses were performed to test the significance of predictor variables for QoL and functionality. Multiple regression analyses revealed that internalized stigma, depression, and excitement were significant predictors for the variability of QoL, and experiential deficit and cognitive symptoms were significant predictors of the variability of functioning. In patients with schizophrenia, functioning and quality of life are two related but different constructs. Even though they are strongly associated, they have different predictive factors. The clinical implication of these results is that both of these constructs should be assessed and that the strategies for improving them should be different.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80042497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Nagy, K. Kovács, T. Varga, Péter Boris, T. Józsa, Róza Oláh
The application of appropriate qualitative and quantitative indicators of youth’s mental health is vital for the entire health care system, including the individuals, health care providers, and health policy. These can enable both researchers and policymakers to carry out comparisons across time, interindividual differences and culture. In our scoping review, we aimed to identify psychological, social and systemrelated indicators that can provide direct and indirect information regarding Hungarian youth’s mental health status. Additionally, we focused on providing a model regarding mental health evaluation measures, comparable to the international models. To determine the indicators of mental health, international and Hungarian literature was reviewed through primary and secondary sources. During the analysis, the following databases were searched: ERIC, Google Scholar, MedLine, Pubmed, ResearchGate and Science Direct. A total of 76 papers met the criteria, containing 38 Hungarian studies and 38 international ones. The review revealed that, similar to the international trends, the Hungarian assessment of positive (e.g., satisfaction with life, aspiration index, social support, coping skills, health-preserving behavior), negative (e.g., emotional symptoms, social difficulties, sadness, depression, anxiety) and other mental health indicators (e.g., alcohol abuse, drug-related disorders, suicide, bullying,) can be measured by standardized, validated tests. The indicators identified in the current review can support professionals and policymakers to systematically improve the quality of health care. With the use of appropriate indicators, more accurate results concerning the current mental health status of the children and youth can be provided, which would enable more effective prevention and intervention in the health care system and related domains.
应用适当的青少年心理健康定性和定量指标对整个卫生保健系统至关重要，包括个人、卫生保健提供者和卫生政策。这可以使研究人员和政策制定者进行跨时间、个体间差异和文化的比较。在我们的范围审查中，我们旨在确定心理、社会和系统相关指标，这些指标可以提供有关匈牙利青年心理健康状况的直接和间接信息。此外，我们还致力于提供一个与国际模式相媲美的心理健康评估措施模型。为了确定心理健康指标，通过一级和二级来源审查了国际和匈牙利文献。在分析过程中，检索了以下数据库:ERIC, Google Scholar, MedLine, Pubmed, ResearchGate和Science Direct。共有76篇论文符合标准，其中38篇是匈牙利研究，38篇是国际研究。审查表明，与国际趋势类似，匈牙利对积极(如对生活的满意度、愿望指数、社会支持、应对技能、保持健康的行为)、消极(如情绪症状、社交困难、悲伤、抑郁、焦虑)和其他心理健康指标(如酗酒、与毒品有关的紊乱、自杀、欺凌)的评估可以通过标准化、有效的测试来衡量。当前审查中确定的指标可以支持专业人员和决策者系统地提高卫生保健质量。通过使用适当的指标，可以提供更准确的儿童和青少年心理健康现状的结果，从而在卫生保健系统和相关领域进行更有效的预防和干预。
{"title":"A review on children and adolescents’ mental health indicators: Towards a valid mental health assessment in Hungarian youth","authors":"B. Nagy, K. Kovács, T. Varga, Péter Boris, T. Józsa, Róza Oláh","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2021.25.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2021.25.18","url":null,"abstract":"The application of appropriate qualitative and quantitative indicators of youth’s mental health is vital for the entire health care system, including the individuals, health care providers, and health policy. These can enable both researchers and policymakers to carry out comparisons across time, interindividual differences and culture. In our scoping review, we aimed to identify psychological, social and systemrelated indicators that can provide direct and indirect information regarding Hungarian youth’s mental health status. Additionally, we focused on providing a model regarding mental health evaluation measures, comparable to the international models. To determine the indicators of mental health, international and Hungarian literature was reviewed through primary and secondary sources. During the analysis, the following databases were searched: ERIC, Google Scholar, MedLine, Pubmed, ResearchGate and Science Direct. A total of 76 papers met the criteria, containing 38 Hungarian studies and 38 international ones. The review revealed that, similar to the international trends, the Hungarian assessment of positive (e.g., satisfaction with life, aspiration index, social support, coping skills, health-preserving behavior), negative (e.g., emotional symptoms, social difficulties, sadness, depression, anxiety) and other mental health indicators (e.g., alcohol abuse, drug-related disorders, suicide, bullying,) can be measured by standardized, validated tests. The indicators identified in the current review can support professionals and policymakers to systematically improve the quality of health care. With the use of appropriate indicators, more accurate results concerning the current mental health status of the children and youth can be provided, which would enable more effective prevention and intervention in the health care system and related domains.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83305331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukša Matas, Marina Olujić Tomazin, Jelena Kuvač Kraljević, Gordana Hržica, M. Krbot Skorić, Nevena Padovan
Pseudowords (words without semantic meaning) are often used as a control condition in linguistic cognitive experiments, with the expectation that such words, unlike real words, do not activate higher cognitive processes in the brain. However, other theories assume that pseudowords are perceived as new words, leading to an even higher cognitive response. The aim of this study was to investigate the cognitive load of processing a pseudoword by observing event-related potentials in a 3-stimulus oddball paradigm using real target words, real non-target words, and pseudowords as oddball stimuli. The results show a clear task-related P3b triggered by target words, but also a prominent P600 component triggered by pseudowords, indicating difficulty in the classification task due to unknown words. Surprisingly, N400 was decreased for pseudowords compared to target and non-target words at the locations where P3b and P600 were observed, suggesting that task-related effects might inhibit other aspects of cognitive processing. These results could lead to better understanding of the components that may overlap temporally and topographically, and to the more precise control of different cognitive generators involved in event-related potential experiments in pseudowords.
{"title":"Increased cognitive load during pseudoword processing","authors":"Lukša Matas, Marina Olujić Tomazin, Jelena Kuvač Kraljević, Gordana Hržica, M. Krbot Skorić, Nevena Padovan","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2021.25.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2021.25.15","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudowords (words without semantic meaning) are often used as a control condition in linguistic cognitive experiments, with the expectation that such words, unlike real words, do not activate higher cognitive processes in the brain. However, other theories assume that pseudowords are perceived as new words, leading to an even higher cognitive response. The aim of this study was to investigate the cognitive load of processing a pseudoword by observing event-related potentials in a 3-stimulus oddball paradigm using real target words, real non-target words, and pseudowords as oddball stimuli. The results show a clear task-related P3b triggered by target words, but also a prominent P600 component triggered by pseudowords, indicating difficulty in the classification task due to unknown words. Surprisingly, N400 was decreased for pseudowords compared to target and non-target words at the locations where P3b and P600 were observed, suggesting that task-related effects might inhibit other aspects of cognitive processing. These results could lead to better understanding of the components that may overlap temporally and topographically, and to the more precise control of different cognitive generators involved in event-related potential experiments in pseudowords.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87702873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Understanding the factors impacting individuals’ emotional distress in the context of a family history of cancer is key in designing and implementing psychosocial interventions. Our study investigated the extent to which having a family history of cancer is associated with emotional distress and whether the perceived risk to develop colorectal cancer (CRC) plays any role in this equation. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 253 individuals from the general population who volunteered to take part in this study. We assessed their family history of cancer and perceived risk for developing CRC, and assessed the emotional distress. Findings: Individuals with a family history of cancer have higher levels of emotional distress compared to individuals without a family history, t(251)=-10.16, p<.001. Our data show that risk perception to develop CRC moderates the relationship between the family history of cancer and emotional distress (β=0.38, CI=(1.68, 5.92), r2=0.24, p<.001, d=0.25). Conclusion: This study was aimed at corroborating the role family history of cancer and risk perception have in explaining the emotional distress associated with cancer. Our results contribute to a clearer understanding of the impact family history of cancer has on emotional distress and show that risk perception is key in this relationship.
{"title":"The impact of risk perception on emotional distress in individuals with a family history of cancer","authors":"Andrada Ciucă, R. Moldovan, S. Pintea, A. Băban","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2021.25.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2021.25.11","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Understanding the factors impacting individuals’ emotional distress in the context of a family history of cancer is key in designing and implementing psychosocial interventions. Our study investigated the extent to which having a family history of cancer is associated with emotional distress and whether the perceived risk to develop colorectal cancer (CRC) plays any role in this equation. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 253 individuals from the general population who volunteered to take part in this study. We assessed their family history of cancer and perceived risk for developing CRC, and assessed the emotional distress. Findings: Individuals with a family history of cancer have higher levels of emotional distress compared to individuals without a family history, t(251)=-10.16, p<.001. Our data show that risk perception to develop CRC moderates the relationship between the family history of cancer and emotional distress (β=0.38, CI=(1.68, 5.92), r2=0.24, p<.001, d=0.25). Conclusion: This study was aimed at corroborating the role family history of cancer and risk perception have in explaining the emotional distress associated with cancer. Our results contribute to a clearer understanding of the impact family history of cancer has on emotional distress and show that risk perception is key in this relationship.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78595778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Various treatments for obesity exist that actually work, however, a great deal of them face the issue of weight regain. Hence, there is this desire to focus on health measures that can be predictors of weight maintenance. This study explores whether four sessions of group-based cognitive counselling can lead to superior results compared to counselling on diet and physical activity only, in terms of eating behavior, calorie intake, diet quality, weight, and physical activity. We conducted a randomized trial for this purpose. Our findings suggest that a short intervention of cognitive counselling can lead to improved emotional eating and uncontrolled eating. Both conditions showed significant improvement in diet quality, cognitive restraint on eating, weight, BMI, calorie intake, and physical activity, while between group differences remained non-significant. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of brief cognitive counselling on measures of weight maintenance in long term.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Counselling on Diet Quality and Physical Activity with Cognitive Counselling for Overweight and Obese Women-A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Fatemeh Doran, M. Haghighi, Rasoul Zarrin","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2021.25.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2021.25.10","url":null,"abstract":"Various treatments for obesity exist that actually work, however, a great deal of them face the issue of weight regain. Hence, there is this desire to focus on health measures that can be predictors of weight maintenance. This study explores whether four sessions of group-based cognitive counselling can lead to superior results compared to counselling on diet and physical activity only, in terms of eating behavior, calorie intake, diet quality, weight, and physical activity. We conducted a randomized trial for this purpose. Our findings suggest that a short intervention of cognitive counselling can lead to improved emotional eating and uncontrolled eating. Both conditions showed significant improvement in diet quality, cognitive restraint on eating, weight, BMI, calorie intake, and physical activity, while between group differences remained non-significant. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of brief cognitive counselling on measures of weight maintenance in long term.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83440783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unequivocal disruptive impact on all walks of life. Cancer care and the patients involved have been especially affected due to disruptions in treatment scheduling and enhanced vulnerability to COVID-19 infection. The present study undertook an exploratory qualitative analysis to investigate the emotional impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on breast cancer patients undergoing active treatment. Ten breast cancer patients were interviewed concerning their illness and pandemic perception. To supplement their perspective, we also interviewed six psycho-oncologists on the emotional impact the pandemic has had on the patients they provide care to. The data collected during the interviews was inductively analysed using thematic analysis. The resulting themes showed patients to have experienced increased emotional distress symptoms, while prioritising the cancer treatment over the threat of infection. Those that had developed emotional regulation skills prior to the pandemic, along their cancer journey, made good use of them, providing proofs of emotional resilience. More vulnerable patient groups have also been highlighted, such as those that did not previously develop such healthy emotional regulation skills, newly diagnosed cancer patients and those lacking social support. Our study provides a useful insight into the emotional experience of the assessed oncology patients during the Covid-19 pandemic, and useful insight into the mechanisms that build resilience and flexibility for this population.
{"title":"Pandemic and resilience: A qualitative analysis of the emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer patients in active treatment","authors":"Silvia Nicolescu, A. Băban","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2021.25.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2021.25.13","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unequivocal disruptive impact on all walks of life. Cancer care and the patients involved have been especially affected due to disruptions in treatment scheduling and enhanced vulnerability to COVID-19 infection. The present study undertook an exploratory qualitative analysis to investigate the emotional impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on breast cancer patients undergoing active treatment. Ten breast cancer patients were interviewed concerning their illness and pandemic perception. To supplement their perspective, we also interviewed six psycho-oncologists on the emotional impact the pandemic has had on the patients they provide care to. The data collected during the interviews was inductively analysed using thematic analysis. The resulting themes showed patients to have experienced increased emotional distress symptoms, while prioritising the cancer treatment over the threat of infection. Those that had developed emotional regulation skills prior to the pandemic, along their cancer journey, made good use of them, providing proofs of emotional resilience. More vulnerable patient groups have also been highlighted, such as those that did not previously develop such healthy emotional regulation skills, newly diagnosed cancer patients and those lacking social support. Our study provides a useful insight into the emotional experience of the assessed oncology patients during the Covid-19 pandemic, and useful insight into the mechanisms that build resilience and flexibility for this population.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77197245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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