Previous studies have differentiated between implicit and explicit processing in emotion recognition using facial expressions and utterances. Implicit processing relates to observed cues, and explicit processing to inference of the expressed emotion. However, the relationships between implicit and explicit processing, and between emotion recognition from facial expressions and from utterances, have not yet been empirically determined. To investigate this issue, the present study examined the more important cues in judging the emotion of the expressor by presenting facial expressions that expressed different emotions in the eyes and mouth, and utterances that expressed different emotions in prosody and lexical content. Additionally, the study examined the cues the participants were more likely to focus their attention on. The results indicated no relationship between implicit and explicit processing. However, an association between the explicit processing of facial expressions and that of utterances was observed, suggesting that explicit processing is independent of implicit processing, and influenced by social conventions. These findings expand our knowledge regarding the processes involved in emotion recognition.
{"title":"Emotion recognition from ambiguous facial expressions and utterances: Relationship between implicit and explicit processing","authors":"Shinnosuke Ikeda","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2023.27.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2023.27.01","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have differentiated between implicit and explicit processing in emotion recognition using facial expressions and utterances. Implicit processing relates to observed cues, and explicit processing to inference of the expressed emotion. However, the relationships between implicit and explicit processing, and between emotion recognition from facial expressions and from utterances, have not yet been empirically determined. To investigate this issue, the present study examined the more important cues in judging the emotion of the expressor by presenting facial expressions that expressed different emotions in the eyes and mouth, and utterances that expressed different emotions in prosody and lexical content. Additionally, the study examined the cues the participants were more likely to focus their attention on. The results indicated no relationship between implicit and explicit processing. However, an association between the explicit processing of facial expressions and that of utterances was observed, suggesting that explicit processing is independent of implicit processing, and influenced by social conventions. These findings expand our knowledge regarding the processes involved in emotion recognition.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87103542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study aimed to identify the level of cognitive dissonance among students of Al al-Bayt University in Jordan in terms of gender, academic specialization and level, and to reveal the predictive ability of emotional intelligence for cognitive dissonance. The study sample consisted of 235 male and female students from Al al-Bayt University. The Cognitive Dissonance Scale (Al-Adamat & Atoum, 2022) and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (Al-Alwan, 2011) were used to collect the data. The findings of this study indicated that the level of cognitive dissonance was average. Statistically significant differences were identified in the level of cognitive dissonance in terms of gender, higher scores being reported by males. Also, there were significant differences in terms of academic specialization, in the favor of humanities major, and academic level, in the favor of the second, third and fourth year students. In addition, findings revealed that emotional intelligence explained 9.3% of the cognitive dissonance variance.
本研究旨在了解约旦Al Al - bayt大学学生在性别、专业和水平方面的认知失调程度，并揭示情绪智力对认知失调的预测能力。研究样本包括来自Al Al - bayt大学的235名男女学生。采用认知失调量表(Al-Adamat & Atoum, 2022)和情绪智力量表(Al-Alwan, 2011)收集数据。本研究结果表明，认知失调的水平为平均水平。在性别方面，认知失调的水平在统计上存在显著差异，男性报告的得分更高。此外，在学术专业化和学术水平方面，二、三、四年级学生的学术水平也存在显著差异。此外，研究结果显示，情绪智力解释了9.3%的认知失调方差。
{"title":"Cognitive dissonance and its relationship to emotional intelligence","authors":"O. Al-Adamat, Adnan Atoum","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.12","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to identify the level of cognitive dissonance among students of Al al-Bayt University in Jordan in terms of gender, academic specialization and level, and to reveal the predictive ability of emotional intelligence for cognitive dissonance. The study sample consisted of 235 male and female students from Al al-Bayt University. The Cognitive Dissonance Scale (Al-Adamat & Atoum, 2022) and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (Al-Alwan, 2011) were used to collect the data. The findings of this study indicated that the level of cognitive dissonance was average. Statistically significant differences were identified in the level of cognitive dissonance in terms of gender, higher scores being reported by males. Also, there were significant differences in terms of academic specialization, in the favor of humanities major, and academic level, in the favor of the second, third and fourth year students. In addition, findings revealed that emotional intelligence explained 9.3% of the cognitive dissonance variance.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88952270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a serious threat to global public health due to its high prevalence and mortality. Meanwhile, psychosocial rehabilitation (PSR) has gained popularity due to its beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. There is substantial evidence that PSR is effective in lessening cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in CVD patients. To learn more about the development of PSR, 3,759 publications about PSR and related research were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection from 1989 to 2022. Then, these publications were analysed using CiteSpace 6.1.R3 (64-bit) W version software in terms of country and institution-based analysis, author co-citation analysis (ACA), keyword analysis, and document co-citation analysis (DCA). The outcomes were elaborated in four aspects. First, the number of annual publications related to PSR has consistently increased in last three decades. Second, country and institution-based analysis showed that a few developed countries such as the United States, England and Canada, and institutions such as the Harvard University, the University of California, and the University of Toronto were the most active countries and institutions in carrying out PSR-related studies. Third, author co-citation analysis (ACA) revealed that Sherry L. Grace from York University had the highest number of publications (35). Her research majorly focused on optimizing post-acute cardiovascular care and its outcomes that contribute to the field of PSR. Frasure-Smith had the highest burst count of 41.39. His research mainly emphasized on the impact of psychological stress in acute myocardial infarction which is related to CVD. Document co-citation analysis (DCA) revealed that epidemiologic evidence was the predominant cluster in the domain of PSR. Fourth, Keyword based analysis showed that keywords such as coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, acute myocardial infarction and major depression made outstanding contribution to the PSR field. In conclusion, this study has provided useful information for gaining knowledge about PSR such as identifying potential contributors for researchers interested in the field of PSR, and discovering research trends in PSR, which can provide guidance for more extensive studies related to PSR in the future.
心血管疾病因其高患病率和高死亡率对全球公共卫生构成严重威胁。与此同时，心理社会康复(PSR)因其对心血管系统的有益作用而受到欢迎。有大量证据表明，PSR在降低心血管疾病患者心血管发病率和死亡率方面是有效的。为了进一步了解PSR的发展情况，我们从Web of Science (WoS)核心馆藏中检索了1989 - 2022年3759篇关于PSR及相关研究的出版物。然后，使用CiteSpace 6.1对这些出版物进行分析。R3(64位)W版本软件，包括基于国家和机构的分析、作者共被引分析(ACA)、关键词分析和文档共被引分析(DCA)。结果从四个方面进行了阐述。首先，在过去三十年中，与PSR相关的年度出版物数量持续增加。其次，基于国家和机构的分析表明，美国、英国和加拿大等少数发达国家以及哈佛大学、加州大学和多伦多大学等机构是开展psr相关研究最活跃的国家和机构。第三，作者共被引分析(ACA)显示，来自约克大学的Sherry L. Grace发表论文最多(35篇)。她的研究主要集中在优化急性后心血管护理及其对PSR领域的贡献。弗拉斯-史密斯的爆发次数最高，为41.39。他的研究重点是心理应激在与心血管疾病相关的急性心肌梗死中的影响。文献共被引分析(DCA)显示，流行病学证据是PSR领域的优势聚类。第四，基于关键词的分析表明，冠心病、心血管疾病、急性心肌梗死、重度抑郁症等关键词对PSR领域贡献突出。综上所述，本研究为了解PSR提供了有用的信息，例如为对PSR领域感兴趣的研究人员识别潜在的贡献者，以及发现PSR的研究趋势，可以为未来更广泛的PSR相关研究提供指导。
{"title":"Global research trends on psychosocial rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular diseases: A bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace","authors":"K. Suryasree, Subramanian Kadhiravan","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.13","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a serious threat to global public health due to its high prevalence and mortality. Meanwhile, psychosocial rehabilitation (PSR) has gained popularity due to its beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. There is substantial evidence that PSR is effective in lessening cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in CVD patients. To learn more about the development of PSR, 3,759 publications about PSR and related research were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection from 1989 to 2022. Then, these publications were analysed using CiteSpace 6.1.R3 (64-bit) W version software in terms of country and institution-based analysis, author co-citation analysis (ACA), keyword analysis, and document co-citation analysis (DCA). The outcomes were elaborated in four aspects. First, the number of annual publications related to PSR has consistently increased in last three decades. Second, country and institution-based analysis showed that a few developed countries such as the United States, England and Canada, and institutions such as the Harvard University, the University of California, and the University of Toronto were the most active countries and institutions in carrying out PSR-related studies. Third, author co-citation analysis (ACA) revealed that Sherry L. Grace from York University had the highest number of publications (35). Her research majorly focused on optimizing post-acute cardiovascular care and its outcomes that contribute to the field of PSR. Frasure-Smith had the highest burst count of 41.39. His research mainly emphasized on the impact of psychological stress in acute myocardial infarction which is related to CVD. Document co-citation analysis (DCA) revealed that epidemiologic evidence was the predominant cluster in the domain of PSR. Fourth, Keyword based analysis showed that keywords such as coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, acute myocardial infarction and major depression made outstanding contribution to the PSR field. In conclusion, this study has provided useful information for gaining knowledge about PSR such as identifying potential contributors for researchers interested in the field of PSR, and discovering research trends in PSR, which can provide guidance for more extensive studies related to PSR in the future.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86917957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prior research has set out to determine if there is a relationship between fear of failure, procrastination, and gender. However, findings have been mixed, and few studies have explored the relationship between fear of failure and procrastination. The current study set out to examine the relationship between fear of failure and procrastination and fear of failure and gender. A sample of university students (n = 310) was administered the Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI), which provides information relative to different forms of fear of failure, and the Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS). The relationship between procrastination and fear of failure was explored using correlation analysis, and the relationship between fear of failure and gender was explored using an independent t-test. Results suggested a moderate positive relationship between total procrastination and various forms of fear of failure. Additionally, women were found to have reported higher levels of various forms of fear of failure. Limitations of this study and implications for future research addressing procrastination and fear of failure were discussed.
{"title":"Examining procrastination and fear of failure among college students","authors":"Jose Parlade, Cebrail Karayigit","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.11","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research has set out to determine if there is a relationship between fear of failure, procrastination, and gender. However, findings have been mixed, and few studies have explored the relationship between fear of failure and procrastination. The current study set out to examine the relationship between fear of failure and procrastination and fear of failure and gender. A sample of university students (n = 310) was administered the Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI), which provides information relative to different forms of fear of failure, and the Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS). The relationship between procrastination and fear of failure was explored using correlation analysis, and the relationship between fear of failure and gender was explored using an independent t-test. Results suggested a moderate positive relationship between total procrastination and various forms of fear of failure. Additionally, women were found to have reported higher levels of various forms of fear of failure. Limitations of this study and implications for future research addressing procrastination and fear of failure were discussed.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77218116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Haase, G. Fisk, Matthew Worley, Brendan Rosenberger
Two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of masking and crowding on simple shape perception. The target stimuli were presented in foveal vision, where masking effects are generally investigated and where crowding effects are typically small compared to peripheral vision. The second experiment investigated the potential involvement of the dorsal visual pathway by testing if a peripheral crowding stimulus could interfere with the perception of a target shape, if it were scaled to account for low visual acuity? The results of both experiments indicated strong congruency effects, especially for pattern and metacontrast masking (which, in some respects, is similar to crowding). Congruency effects were generally weak for distractors presented further from the target. In Experiment 2, cortically scaled distractors only showed a potential influence in the forward masking condition. Perhaps this is an indication of a priming effect from the distant crowding stimuli. Further research might reveal the extent to which crowding displays can test physiologically motivated hypotheses.
{"title":"Comparing the Influences of Masking, Crowding, Response Conflict, and Cortical Scaling on Simple Shape Identification with Foveal Targets","authors":"S. Haase, G. Fisk, Matthew Worley, Brendan Rosenberger","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.08","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of masking and crowding on simple shape perception. The target stimuli were presented in foveal vision, where masking effects are generally investigated and where crowding effects are typically small compared to peripheral vision. The second experiment investigated the potential involvement of the dorsal visual pathway by testing if a peripheral crowding stimulus could interfere with the perception of a target shape, if it were scaled to account for low visual acuity? The results of both experiments indicated strong congruency effects, especially for pattern and metacontrast masking (which, in some respects, is similar to crowding). Congruency effects were generally weak for distractors presented further from the target. In Experiment 2, cortically scaled distractors only showed a potential influence in the forward masking condition. Perhaps this is an indication of a priming effect from the distant crowding stimuli. Further research might reveal the extent to which crowding displays can test physiologically motivated hypotheses.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83491378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forgetting − the loss of information − in short-term memory occurs either owing to interference with other information or decay over time. According to an influential study by Waugh and Norman (1965), retroactive interference causes forgetting. The current study attempted to reproduce this conclusion in a Bangladeshi culture with stronger statistical power. Thirty four undergraduate students were examined at two different stimulus presentation paces (slow/fast pace) with varying numbers of interfering digits. The presentation pace was used to index decay, and the number of interfering items was used to index interference. The findings of a direct replication effort revealed that recall performance decreased with increasing interfering items, although the pattern of decreased performance did not reflect the original study. Furthermore, the slow pace condition yielded better outcomes than the fast pace compared to decay account. The findings pave the way for reconsidering how retroactive interference influences mental practice effects.
{"title":"Decay or interference accounts of forgetting: A replication of Waugh and Norman’s (1965) study","authors":"Samsad Afrim Himi, F. Ferdous","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.09","url":null,"abstract":"Forgetting − the loss of information − in short-term memory occurs either owing to interference with other information or decay over time. According to an influential study by Waugh and Norman (1965), retroactive interference causes forgetting. The current study attempted to reproduce this conclusion in a Bangladeshi culture with stronger statistical power. Thirty four undergraduate students were examined at two different stimulus presentation paces (slow/fast pace) with varying numbers of interfering digits. The presentation pace was used to index decay, and the number of interfering items was used to index interference. The findings of a direct replication effort revealed that recall performance decreased with increasing interfering items, although the pattern of decreased performance did not reflect the original study. Furthermore, the slow pace condition yielded better outcomes than the fast pace compared to decay account. The findings pave the way for reconsidering how retroactive interference influences mental practice effects.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84186005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study investigates the extent to which the relationship between multiple team membership, operationalized by the number of the teams an employee is part of simultaneously, and work–family conflict is mediated in parallel by work-related well-being and burnout. Data were collected through a cross-sectional design from 278 participants using self-report instruments. The results of the mediation analysis show that the number of teams an employee is a part of simultaneously is not linearly associated with work-related well-being, burnout and work-family conflict. Also, work-related well-being is not significantly associated with work-family conflict. Conversely, an increased level of burnout is associated with increased work-family conflict. However, work-related well-being and burnout are not mediators of the relationship between the number of the teams an employee is part of simultaneously and work-family conflict. The theoretical, practical and methodological implications of these findings are discussed and future research directions are proposed.
{"title":"Linking multiple team membership to work-family conflict through work-related well-being and burnout","authors":"Oana-Maria Comăniță, C. Rus, O. Fodor","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.10","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates the extent to which the relationship between multiple team membership, operationalized by the number of the teams an employee is part of simultaneously, and work–family conflict is mediated in parallel by work-related well-being and burnout. Data were collected through a cross-sectional design from 278 participants using self-report instruments. The results of the mediation analysis show that the number of teams an employee is a part of simultaneously is not linearly associated with work-related well-being, burnout and work-family conflict. Also, work-related well-being is not significantly associated with work-family conflict. Conversely, an increased level of burnout is associated with increased work-family conflict. However, work-related well-being and burnout are not mediators of the relationship between the number of the teams an employee is part of simultaneously and work-family conflict. The theoretical, practical and methodological implications of these findings are discussed and future research directions are proposed.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80258101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pegah Dehghan, S. M. H. Mousavi Nasab, Hossein Ali Ebrahimi Meimand
Due to the progressive aging of population, the prevalence of dementia and age-related cognitive impairment, and in particular Alzheimer’s disease, is highly increasing, and becoming one of the important problems bearing on the health system. Recently, the diagnostic tools and pharmacological treatments have shown a rising potential. Yet, non-pharmacological interventions have attracted significant interest. However, the effectiveness of such interventions has remained controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether working memory training changes the EEG and cognitive performance at resting state in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Twenty patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease were recruited and randomly divided into training and control groups. The training group received twenty-five sessions of adaptive n-back training. Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), digit span, and EEG were assessed before and after the intervention period. Working memory training led to a significant increase in MMSE score and alpha power over the frontal and parietal- occipital regions. Nonsignificant increase of the log EEG power was shown for beta, theta, and delta concerning the entire regions. Adaptive n-back training is effective on quantitative EEG in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease.
{"title":"The effectiveness of adaptive working memory training on EEG and cognitive performance in Alzheimer disease","authors":"Pegah Dehghan, S. M. H. Mousavi Nasab, Hossein Ali Ebrahimi Meimand","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.02","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the progressive aging of population, the prevalence of dementia and age-related cognitive impairment, and in particular Alzheimer’s disease, is highly increasing, and becoming one of the important problems bearing on the health system. Recently, the diagnostic tools and pharmacological treatments have shown a rising potential. Yet, non-pharmacological interventions have attracted significant interest. However, the effectiveness of such interventions has remained controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether working memory training changes the EEG and cognitive performance at resting state in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Twenty patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease were recruited and randomly divided into training and control groups. The training group received twenty-five sessions of adaptive n-back training. Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), digit span, and EEG were assessed before and after the intervention period. Working memory training led to a significant increase in MMSE score and alpha power over the frontal and parietal- occipital regions. Nonsignificant increase of the log EEG power was shown for beta, theta, and delta concerning the entire regions. Adaptive n-back training is effective on quantitative EEG in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78599922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paulina Elizabeth Robalino Guerra, M. Musso, Pablo Augusto Vailati, Eduardo C. Cascallar
Previous studies have demonstrated the psychological impact of stressful events related to an infectious disease outbreak. This impact may be moderated by the perception of risk and individual differences in personality. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the personality profiles and mental health on the perceived risk (being infected, getting hospitalized, and dying from COVID-19) and on preventive behaviors (wash your hands, stay at home, maintain social distance, touch your face, and mask use). A total sample of 126 Argentine adults, both genders, participated and filled in the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R), the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) scale, a sociodemographic questionnaire, and COVID-19 estimates regarding risk perception and preventive behaviors. Results show that people with undercontrolled personality profile and high interpersonal sensitivity overestimated their probability of getting infected, hospitalization, and dying from COVID-19. In addition, the resilient profile group with high anxiety overestimated the probability of hospitalization and dying; the undercontrolled profile group with high anxiety, phobic anxiety, or psychoticism, also overestimated their probability of dying; the undercontrolled profile people with high interpersonal sensitivity, or high anxiety reported higher probabilities of maintaining social distance. Anxiety and depression symptoms explain a low percentage of the perceived risk variance; while conscientiousness, together with mental health were able to explain the estimated probability of engaging in protective behaviors. These findings could be useful to implement more effective and realistic strategies to promote the adoption of preventive behaviors.
{"title":"Personality and mental health: Factors impacting perceived health risks and protective behaviors during the early COVID-19 quarantine","authors":"Paulina Elizabeth Robalino Guerra, M. Musso, Pablo Augusto Vailati, Eduardo C. Cascallar","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.03","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated the psychological impact of stressful events related to an infectious disease outbreak. This impact may be moderated by the perception of risk and individual differences in personality. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the personality profiles and mental health on the perceived risk (being infected, getting hospitalized, and dying from COVID-19) and on preventive behaviors (wash your hands, stay at home, maintain social distance, touch your face, and mask use). A total sample of 126 Argentine adults, both genders, participated and filled in the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R), the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) scale, a sociodemographic questionnaire, and COVID-19 estimates regarding risk perception and preventive behaviors. Results show that people with undercontrolled personality profile and high interpersonal sensitivity overestimated their probability of getting infected, hospitalization, and dying from COVID-19. In addition, the resilient profile group with high anxiety overestimated the probability of hospitalization and dying; the undercontrolled profile group with high anxiety, phobic anxiety, or psychoticism, also overestimated their probability of dying; the undercontrolled profile people with high interpersonal sensitivity, or high anxiety reported higher probabilities of maintaining social distance. Anxiety and depression symptoms explain a low percentage of the perceived risk variance; while conscientiousness, together with mental health were able to explain the estimated probability of engaging in protective behaviors. These findings could be useful to implement more effective and realistic strategies to promote the adoption of preventive behaviors.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77116913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digitalization has accelerated and improved the accuracy of information processing. It has changed society into a connected world. The spread of COVID-19 changed individuals' daily routines drastically over the past two years, especially among youth due to the temporary closure of colleges and universities. The usage of digital devices by youth has increased as a result of online learning platforms, leading to digital reliance and a negative impact on their sleep quality. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate (1) the association between digital amnesia, sleep disorders and somatic symptoms, (2) the difference in digital amnesia based on the demographic categories, (3) the effect of digital amnesia and sleep disorders on somatic symptoms. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 326 young people aged 18 to 25 years. Data was collected from participants using the Digital Amnesia Scale, Sleep Disorders Symptom Checklist (SDS-CL-17), and Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale (SSD-12). There was a significant association between digital amnesia, sleep disorders, and somatic symptoms among youth. Youth differed significantly in their digital amnesia based on their demographic categories such as gender and family type. Somatic symptoms among youth were significantly impacted by digital amnesia and sleep disorders. Youth could overcome their digital amnesia by utilizing digital devices effectively. Youth could also be sensitized about adverse effects of digital amnesia. Taking a digital break could help them improve their quality of sleep and reduce somatic symptoms.
{"title":"Associations between digital amnesia, sleep disorders and somatic symptoms among youth","authors":"James Robert Savarimuthu, Kadhiravan Subramanian","doi":"10.24193/cbb.2022.26.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/cbb.2022.26.07","url":null,"abstract":"Digitalization has accelerated and improved the accuracy of information processing. It has changed society into a connected world. The spread of COVID-19 changed individuals' daily routines drastically over the past two years, especially among youth due to the temporary closure of colleges and universities. The usage of digital devices by youth has increased as a result of online learning platforms, leading to digital reliance and a negative impact on their sleep quality. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate (1) the association between digital amnesia, sleep disorders and somatic symptoms, (2) the difference in digital amnesia based on the demographic categories, (3) the effect of digital amnesia and sleep disorders on somatic symptoms. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 326 young people aged 18 to 25 years. Data was collected from participants using the Digital Amnesia Scale, Sleep Disorders Symptom Checklist (SDS-CL-17), and Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale (SSD-12). There was a significant association between digital amnesia, sleep disorders, and somatic symptoms among youth. Youth differed significantly in their digital amnesia based on their demographic categories such as gender and family type. Somatic symptoms among youth were significantly impacted by digital amnesia and sleep disorders. Youth could overcome their digital amnesia by utilizing digital devices effectively. Youth could also be sensitized about adverse effects of digital amnesia. Taking a digital break could help them improve their quality of sleep and reduce somatic symptoms.","PeriodicalId":37371,"journal":{"name":"Cognition, Brain, Behavior. An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77259611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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