Allergo Journal International最新文献

Background

A perennial house dust mite-associated allergic rhinitis has a major impact on the quality of life of patients and is associated with a high socioeconomic burden. The most common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include a runny nose and nasal congestion, sneezing, itching of nose, mouth and/or throat, and/or ocular symptoms. Affected patients often develop allergic bronchial asthma. Therapy options for allergic rhinitis include allergen avoidance, symptomatic treatment, and allergen immunotherapy. Allergen immunotherapy is the only disease-modifying treatment that can permanently alleviate the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. In July 2021, a new sublingual mite tablet was approved in Germany.

Methods

This review summarizes clinical studies on the 300 IR (index of reactivity) mite tablet in adolescents and adults with house dust mite-associated allergic rhinitis and presents the results.

Results

In the phase II and phase III studies considered here, different dosages of the mite tablet were investigated. The 300 IR mite tablet showed the best benefit–risk profile and has been approved in Europe, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand for the treatment of house dust mite-associated allergic rhinitis.

Conclusion

Allergen immunotherapy with the 300 IR mite tablet is an effective treatment that relieves allergic symptoms, reduces the need for symptomatic medication, and improves the quality of life in both adults and adolescents with house dust mite-associated allergic rhinitis. At the same time, treatment with the 300 IR mite tablet is well tolerated. Mild to moderate reactions at the application site subside after a few days.

Background

Many plant food allergens have been implicated in cross-reactivities and may cause repetitive pan-allergenic exposures, which increase the severity of patients’ allergic symptoms. Identification of allergenic protein levels in food allows for more precise dietary advice. This study aimed to determine LTP, profilin, and PR-10 in the 15 most popular fruits in Taiwan.

Methods

cDNA encoding profilin (Sola l 1), nonspecific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP, Sola l 3), and pathogenesis-related protein (PR-10, Sola l 4) were cloned into the pQE30, expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified. Extracts of the most popular fruits, including apple, banana, carrot, celery, dragon fruit, hami melon, jujube, kiwi, mango, melon, orange, papaya, peach, persimmon, and tomato, in Taiwan were prepared in PBS. The allergenic protein levels in these extracts were determined by immuno-dot blotting using rabbit anti-rSola l 1, 3, and 4 polyclonal antibodies.

Results

Among all 15 fruit extracts tested, peach and mango contained the highest levels of profilin, nsLTP, and PR-10. Papaya, melon, and tomato contained low but detectable levels of the three pan-allergens.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that peach and mango contain the highest levels of important pan-allergens among the 15 common fruits tested, which agrees with epidemiological data.

House dust mites are a major source of allergens in house dust and, thus, the main trigger of perennial allergic respiratory diseases [1,2,3,4,5]. Scientific research on the life cycle, diet, and reproductive behavior of dust mites and on the biology of mite allergens has uncovered mechanisms leading to the development of respiratory allergies and suggests measures that can minimize exposure to dust mite allergens. Here, we discuss the evidence linking house dust mite exposure and respiratory allergies and present the efficacy of avoidance measures and their scientific evidence.

Summary

Summary