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Regional Patterns Of Third-Level Digital Inequality In Russia: An Analysis Of Google Trends Data 俄罗斯第三级数字不平等的区域格局:b谷歌趋势数据分析
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-107
O. Chereshnia, M. Gribok
Digital inequality extends beyond mere access to technology. This study explores the concept of third-level digital inequality, which describes the situation where individuals or communities have access to technology and the Internet, have required skills, but still struggle to use it effectively. However, there is currently a lack of data and methods for assessing thirdlevel digital inequality. To address this gap, this study aimed to evaluate it on a regional scale by analyzing the popularity of Google search queries. In proposed method, the data are categorized into three groups: everyday services, education, science, and technology, and entertainment. On this basis authors calculated the index of Internet usage efficiency. The study’s findings revealed the territorial patterns of digital inequality in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Regions in North Caucasus and Siberia showed low Internet usage efficiency, while regions in the Urals and Central Russia had high Internet usage efficiency. The study’s methodology is quick, cost-effective, and easy to implement, but it also has limitations. The method only considers the popularity of certain search queries and does not consider the frequency or duration of internet usage, or the specific websites or services accessed, and does not consider individual-level factors that may influence internet usage patterns. The authors emphasize the importance of addressing not only differences in Internet access but also the lack of technology skills, digital literacy, and motivation among certain groups. They conclude that public policies aimed at enhancing internet skills can reduce digital inequality and improve the quality of life of the population.
数字不平等不仅仅局限于获得技术。这项研究探讨了第三级数字不平等的概念,该概念描述了个人或社区能够获得技术和互联网,拥有所需技能,但仍难以有效使用技术和互联网的情况。然而,目前缺乏评估三级数字不平等的数据和方法。为了解决这一差距,本研究旨在通过分析谷歌搜索查询的流行程度,在地区范围内对其进行评估。在所提出的方法中,数据被分为三组:日常服务、教育、科学技术和娱乐。在此基础上,作者计算了网络使用效率指标。研究结果揭示了俄罗斯联邦各组成实体数字不平等的地域模式。北高加索和西伯利亚地区的互联网使用效率较低,而乌拉尔和俄罗斯中部地区的网络使用效率较高。该研究的方法快速、成本效益高、易于实施,但也有局限性。该方法只考虑某些搜索查询的流行程度,不考虑互联网使用的频率或持续时间,或访问的特定网站或服务,也不考虑可能影响互联网使用模式的个人层面因素。作者强调,不仅要解决互联网接入方面的差异,还要解决某些群体缺乏技术技能、数字素养和动机的问题。他们得出的结论是,旨在提高互联网技能的公共政策可以减少数字不平等,提高人民的生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
Holocene Population Of Ambrosia On South Of Russian Far East 俄罗斯远东南部安布罗西亚全新世人口
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-123
V. Bazarova, M. Lyashchevskaya, E. Kudryavtseva, Ya. V. Piskareva, Y. V. Astashenkova
Ambrosia artemisiifolia first appeared on the Eurasian continent in the 18th century. In the south of the Russian Far East Ambrosia first appeared in the middle Holocene. The presence of its pollen in the sediments on west of the lacustrine Khanka Plain is correlated with the appearance of early men. The presence of Ambrosia pollen in Holocene deposits can be considered as an indicator of ancient agriculture in the south of the Russian Far East. The interval from the 19th century to the 1960s is marked by a complete absence of Ambrosia in this region. On boundary of early Holocene and middle Holocene population of ragweed existed on eastern part of Eurasia simultaneously and independently from Northern America population. The modern isolated centre of the Ambrosia expansion in the south of the Russian Far East began later than the 1960s – 1970s. The modern secondary settling of this species in the east and west parts of Eurasia formed independently. The ranges of the species in China, Japan, the Korean Peninsula, and the south of the Russian Far East also formed independently.
蒿属植物最早出现于18世纪的欧亚大陆。在俄罗斯远东南部,安布罗西亚首次出现于全新世中期。其花粉在湖相Khanka平原西部沉积物中的存在与早期人类的出现有关。Ambrosia花粉在全新世沉积物中的存在可以被认为是俄罗斯远东南部古代农业的一个标志。从19世纪到20世纪60年代,该地区完全没有安布罗西亚。在全新世早期和全新世中期的边界上,豚草种群同时存在于欧亚大陆东部,独立于北美种群。俄罗斯远东南部安布罗西亚扩张的现代孤立中心始于20世纪60年代至70年代。该物种在欧亚大陆东部和西部的现代二次定居是独立形成的。该物种在中国、日本、朝鲜半岛和俄罗斯远东南部的分布范围也独立形成。
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引用次数: 0
Settlement Development Based On Environmental Carrying Capacity In Batu City, Indonesia 基于环境承载力的印尼巴图市人居发展
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-018
A. Witjaksono, A. M. Gai, R. Maulida
The increase in population and demand for settlement facilities and infrastructure affects the attractiveness of Batu city (Indonesia) and has a significant impact on the environmentWe perform spatial mapping of the environmental carrying capacity in developing settlements using the overlay-geoprocessing method. This method is based on unit indicators such as slope, morthology, soil type, elevation, and potential for disasters for obtaining the data on land capability, land suitability, and settlement development plans. Land capability analysis shows that slope, morthology and altitude are the main factors for attributing moderate, low, and poor development capability. The land capability unit shows the areas with slope steepness and land morthology that are not appropriate for intensively developing areas. Batu City areas of moderate, low, and poor development capacity cover 13,365.14 ha, 3193.04 ha, and 2858.07 ha. We also demonstrate that there is about 2,363 ha of unsuitable land use with poor land capability and 3,784.28 ha of land can be developed for settlement. Using this approach we determine saturation point in the residential area plan, because the environmental impact will increase if no threshold is given for residential development.
人口的增加以及对定居点设施和基础设施的需求影响了巴图市(印度尼西亚)的吸引力,并对环境产生了重大影响。我们使用叠加地质处理方法对开发定居点的环境承载力进行了空间测绘。该方法基于坡度、死亡率、土壤类型、海拔和潜在灾害等单位指标,以获取土地容量、土地适宜性和定居点发展计划的数据。土地利用能力分析表明,坡度、地貌和海拔是造成中等、低、差开发能力的主要因素。土地能力单元显示了不适合集约开发地区的斜坡陡峭度和土地死亡率区域。巴图市中等、低和较差开发能力的地区分别为13365.14公顷、3193.04公顷和2858.07公顷。我们还证明,大约有2363公顷土地不适合使用,土地能力较差,3784.28公顷土地可以开发用于定居。使用这种方法,我们确定了住宅区规划中的饱和点,因为如果没有为住宅开发设定阈值,环境影响将增加。
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引用次数: 0
Patterns of the red-listed epiphytic species distribution in coniferous-deciduous forests of the Moscow Region 莫斯科地区针叶落叶林红色名录附生物种分布格局
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-101
T. Chernenkova, N. Belyaeva, E. Suslova, E. A. Aristarkhova, I. Kotlov
Epiphytes model the diversity of forest communities and indicate the integrity of natural ecosystems or the threat to their existence. The high sensitivity of epiphytic species to the environmental quality makes them good indicators in anthropogenic landscapes. The study deals with the distribution patterns of rare indicator epiphytic species at the border of their range in the broadleaved– coniferous forest zone, in the central part of the East European Plain within the Moscow region. The distribution and abundance of eight lichen species Anaptychia ciliaris, Bryoria fuscescens, B. implexa, Usnea dasopoga, U. glabrescens, U. hirta, U. subfloridana and the epiphytic moss Neckera pennata were studied. The main environmental factors at the regional level were climate variables based on the Worldclim database, water indices based on Sentinel-2 multispectral remote sensing data, and the anthropogenic impact factor in terms of the Nighttime lights of the earth’s surface based on the Suomi NPP satellite system. It was revealed that the vast majority of records were in the western and northern sectors of the region, i.e. in the broad-leaved–coniferous forest zone, while the vast majority of 0-records were in the southern and eastern sectors, in the area of broad-leaved and pine forests and extensive reclaimed wetlands. The association with different types of communities and biotopes, as well as tree species, was assessed at the ecosystem level, using field data. It has been established that the distribution of the studied species is governed by natural-geographic features of the territory. The principal limiting factors are air pollution, ecological restrictions (high humidity requirement of sites), cutting of mature forests and formation of local anthropogenic infrastructure. In perspective the study of ecology and living conditions of the studied rare species will help determine the optimal conditions contributing to biodiversity conservation in forests near large metropolitan areas and optimization of habitat diversity.
附生植物模拟了森林群落的多样性,表明了自然生态系统的完整性或对其存在的威胁。附生植物对环境质量的高度敏感性使其成为人类景观的良好指标。本研究探讨了莫斯科地区东欧平原中部阔叶针叶林地带稀有指示附生物种的分布格局。研究了8种地衣的分布和丰度,包括毛鳞藓、褐毛藓、隐斑藓、褐毛藓、裸毛藓、毛毛藓、亚佛罗里达藓和附生藓。区域层面的主要环境因子为基于Worldclim数据库的气候变量、基于Sentinel-2多光谱遥感数据的水体指数和基于Suomi NPP卫星系统的地表夜间灯光的人为影响因子。结果表明,记录数以西部和北部的阔叶针叶林区居多,而0记录数以东部和南部的阔叶林、松林和大面积填海湿地居多。利用野外数据,在生态系统水平上评估了与不同类型的群落和生物群落以及树种的联系。已确定所研究物种的分布受该地区自然地理特征的支配。主要的限制因素是空气污染、生态限制(场地的高湿度要求)、成熟森林的砍伐和当地人为基础设施的形成。研究珍稀物种的生态学和生存条件将有助于确定大都市附近森林生物多样性保护和栖息地多样性优化的最佳条件。
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引用次数: 0
Inventory Of Landslides Triggered By Hurricane Matthews In Guantánamo, Cuba 古巴关塔那摩飓风马修斯引发的山体滑坡清单
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-133
G. Pospehov, Y. Savón, R. Delgado, E. Castellanos, Á. Peña
Hurricane Matthew affected the eastern region of Cuba from October 4th to 5th causing large damages and numerous landslides. This research presents an inventory of landslides triggered by the hurricane. Visual interpretation of satellite images of moderate resolution from Sentinel 2A instrument and localized higher resolution satellite images provided by PlanetScope, as well as field research were the main sources of information. The resulting landslide inventory was compared with other landslide factors such as slope, geology, and soil deep and composition from maps at a scale of 1:100 000. Data recorded by 1-hour rain gauges and 24-hour rain gauge was also analyzed in order to identify rainfall thresholds for the occurrence of landslides during the Hurricane Matthew influence in the study region. A total of 619 landslides were identified and classified as rockslide, rockfall or debris flows. The research found the slope was not as important factor as the type of rock. Most of landslides were located in areas of green shale of volcanic and vulcanoclastic rocks and rocks of the ophiolitic complex formed by ancient remnants of oceanic crust. The accumulate rainfall threshold estimated for the event was between 178-407 mm/day.
飓风马修于10月4日至5日影响古巴东部地区,造成巨大破坏和多处山体滑坡。这项研究列出了飓风引发的山体滑坡的清单。Sentinel 2A仪器中等分辨率卫星图像的视觉解释、PlanetScope提供的本地化高分辨率卫星图像以及实地研究是主要信息来源。将由此产生的滑坡清单与其他滑坡因素进行了比较,如坡度、地质、土壤深度和比例尺为1:100000的地图中的成分。还分析了1小时雨量计和24小时雨量计记录的数据,以确定飓风马修影响期间研究区域发生山体滑坡的降雨阈值。共发现619处滑坡,并将其归类为岩滑、落石或泥石流。研究发现,坡度并不像岩石类型那样重要。大多数滑坡位于火山和火山碎屑岩的绿色页岩区域,以及由古代海洋地壳残余形成的蛇绿杂岩区域。该事件的累积降雨量阈值估计在178-407毫米/天之间。
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引用次数: 0
Biodiversity Of Marine Yeasts Isolated From Coral Sand In Truong Sa Archipelago, Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam 越南庆化省长沙群岛珊瑚沙中分离的海洋酵母的生物多样性
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-034
T. T. Do Hong, H. Nguyen, V. Le Thang, T. Nguyen Thanh, X. T. Phan
Truong Sa archipelago of Vietnam are very diverse in microorganisms, however, compared to aquatic microorganisms (sea water, sediment, etc) terrestrial microorganisms (soil, coral sand, etc) has received little attention. This study focuses on assessing the biodiversity of marine yeasts in coral sand samples collected at some islands in Truong Sa archipelago. From nine coral sand samples collected at three islands: Song Tu island (three samples), Sinh Ton island (three samples), Truong Sa island (three samples), twenty – four strains of marine yeasts were isolated. The number of marine yeast strains isolated in Truong Sa island was the highest (ten strains). Sample CS9 had the highest number of strains. These strains were grouped into eight groups based on colony and cell morphology and fourteen groups by DNA fingerprinting. The results showed that there are strains in the same group according to morphology but belong to two different groups according to fingerprinting. Otherwise, some strains have different morphology but are grouped according to fingerprinting. The fourteen yeast strains representing groups by DNA fingerprinting were closely related to fourteen different yeast species and belong to ten yeast genera (Yamadazyma, Candida, Trichosporon, Saccharomyces, Kodamaea, Rhodotorula, Rhodosporidium, Aureobasidium, Meyerozyma, Pichia). Among them, the genus Candida accounted for the highest number. This is the first study on marine yeasts in coral sand in Truong Sa archipelago, Vietnam. This study can be a premise for further studies on marine yeast in different fields such as medicine, agriculture, environment, etc.
越南Truong Sa群岛的微生物非常多样,然而,与水生微生物(海水、沉积物等)相比,陆地微生物(土壤、珊瑚沙等)很少受到关注。本研究的重点是评估在Truong Sa群岛一些岛屿采集的珊瑚沙样本中海洋酵母的生物多样性。从宋都岛(三个样本)、新东岛(三份样本)、川沙岛(三张样本)三个岛屿采集的九份珊瑚沙样本中,分离出二十四株海洋酵母。Truong Sa岛分离的海洋酵母菌株数量最多(10株)。样品CS9具有最高数量的菌株。这些菌株根据菌落和细胞形态分为8组,通过DNA指纹分为14组。结果表明,从形态上看,菌株属于同一组,但从指纹图谱上看,属于两个不同的组。否则,一些菌株具有不同的形态,但根据指纹图谱进行分组。通过DNA指纹分析,代表群体的14个酵母菌株与14个不同的酵母物种密切相关,分属10个酵母属(山达菌属、念珠菌属、毛孢菌属、酵母属、Kodamaea属、红酵母属、红孢子虫属、Aureobasidium属、Meyerozyma属、毕赤酵母属)。其中念珠菌属的数量最多。这是首次对越南Truong Sa群岛珊瑚沙中的海洋酵母进行研究。本研究为海洋酵母在医学、农业、环境等领域的进一步研究提供了前提。
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引用次数: 0
Human-Induced Landscape Alteration in the Coastal Regulation Zone of Goa, India, from 2000 to 2017 2000 - 2017年印度果阿海岸管制区人为景观变化
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2021-093
In Goa, the tourism industry is the major cornerstone of the economy. With the increasing number of tourists along the coastal areas, more tourism-related infrastructure is emerging within the Coastal Regulation Zone. The sensitive and fragile coastal zones are being covered by concrete structures and the coastal environment becomes vulnerable to degradation. The objective of the paper was to study the changes in landuse and landcover in the Coastal Regulation Zone of Salcete taluka using remote sensing data and geospatial techniques. To fulfill the objective, both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was based on personal observations and field visits while secondary data consisted of topographic maps, LANDSAT 7 ETM, and LANDSAT 8 satellite images, which were processed and analyzed using ArcGIS 10.3, ERDAS IMAGINE 2014, SAGA (System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses) and MS Excel. From the landuse and landcover analysis for a period of 17 years (2000-2017), it was found that the land cover within the CRZ underwent a tremendous change with the increase in tourism activity and related infrastructure. The analysis revealed that the agricultural area has decreased, whereas built-up areas, barren land, and vegetation area increased. The change detection analysis using SAGA software allowed to understand the conversion between different classes. The study revealed that the increasing number of tourists and tourism activities along the Salcete Coast is deteriorating the environmental setup and disturbing the inherent coastal landscape.
在果阿,旅游业是经济的主要基石。随着沿海地区游客数量的增加,海岸管制区内出现了更多与旅游业相关的基础设施。敏感和脆弱的沿海地区被混凝土结构覆盖,沿海环境变得容易退化。本文的目的是利用遥感数据和地理空间技术研究Salcete taluka海岸管制区土地利用和土地覆盖的变化。为了实现这一目标,同时使用了主要和次要数据。主要数据基于个人观测和实地考察,次要数据包括地形图、LANDSAT 7 ETM和LANDSAT 8卫星图像,这些图像使用ArcGIS 10.3、ERDAS IMAGINE 2014、SAGA(自动地球科学分析系统)和MS Excel进行处理和分析。从17年(2000-2017)的土地利用和土地覆盖分析中发现,随着旅游活动和相关基础设施的增加,CRZ内的土地覆盖发生了巨大变化。分析显示,农业面积减少,而建成区、荒地和植被面积增加。使用SAGA软件的变化检测分析可以理解不同类别之间的转换。研究表明,Salcete海岸沿线越来越多的游客和旅游活动正在恶化环境,扰乱固有的海岸景观。
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引用次数: 0
Spatiotemporal Trends And Variability Analysis Of Rainfall And Temperature Over Benin Metropolitan Region, Edo State, Nigeria 尼日利亚埃多州贝宁大都市区降水和温度的时空变化趋势及变率分析
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-001
V. Balogun, E. Ekpenkhio, B. Ebena
Rainfall and temperature are the two major climatic variables affecting humans and the environment. Hence, it is essential to study rainfall and temperature variability over urban areas. This study focused on analyzing the spatiotemporal trends and variability of rainfall and temperature over Benin metropolitan region, Nigeria. Time series analysis was used to determine temporal trends in rainfall as well as minimum and maximum atmospheric temperatures over a study period of 30 years (1990 to 2019). Analysis of variance was used to understand spatiotemporal variations of climatic elements among the spatial units (urban core, intermediate and peripheral areas). Land surface temperature (LST) and land use/land cover (LULC) classes of the study area were analyzed from Landsat TM Imagery of 2020. Results revealed a decreasing trend for rainfall and increasing trend for minimum and maximum atmospheric temperatures in all the spatial units. Rainfall distribution and temperature among the spatial units were statistically insignificant; however, significant temporal decadal variations were noticed for minimum and maximum air temperatures. This investigation provided valuable information for assessing changes in rainfall and temperature and concluded that the study area is becoming warmer; an indication of global warming and climate change.
降雨量和温度是影响人类和环境的两个主要气候变量。因此,研究城市地区的降雨量和温度变化是至关重要的。本研究重点分析了尼日利亚贝宁大都市地区降雨量和温度的时空变化趋势。时间序列分析用于确定30年(1990年至2019年)研究期间降雨量以及最低和最高大气温度的时间趋势。方差分析用于了解气候要素在空间单元(城市核心区、中间区和外围区)之间的时空变化。根据2020年陆地卫星TM图像分析了研究区域的地表温度(LST)和土地利用/土地覆盖(LULC)类别。结果表明,在所有空间单元中,降雨量呈下降趋势,最低和最高大气温度呈上升趋势。各空间单元之间的降雨量分布和温度在统计学上不显著;然而,注意到最低和最高气温在时间上存在显著的十年变化。这项调查为评估降雨量和温度的变化提供了有价值的信息,并得出结论,研究区域正在变暖;全球变暖和气候变化的迹象。
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引用次数: 0
Contributed Indicators to Fluvial Flood Along River Basin in Urban Area of Indonesia 印度尼西亚城市地区沿河流域河流洪水贡献指标
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-084
D. Ariyani, .. Perdinan, M. Y. Purwanto, E. Sunarti, A. Juniati, M. Ibrahim
Flooding is the most common disaster in Indonesia, it is classified as a disaster if it affects humans causing physical and financial losses. Flood damage depends on the type of flood, flow velocity, and duration. The increase in population will cause an increase in infrastructure that will affect the environment, including the carrying capacity of rivers and catchment areas, while flooding in urban areas will also have an impact on infrastructure and assets, increasing flood damage. This study discusses the factors that cause flooding (rainfall, topography, soil type, land slope, distance from rivers, river waste, population density, etc.), as well as various types of floods that occur. The method used in this research was based on the qualitative analysis of the information from the government and literature over the last five years obtained from online databases and search engines. The results of this study can provide a reference for the theory regarding disaster risk assessment and flood hazard prediction in watersheds. This research was conducted in the Ciliwung Watershed (DAS), where the factors and the dominant type of flooding were determined. Knowing the contributing factors can be beneficial for flood risk management. This research focuses on identifying factors that contribute to fluvial flood events and understanding their influence so that a more integrated flood risk management that takes into account the upstream, middle, and downstream parts of the watershed can be arranged in other areas based on the example of measures implemented by the local government in the Ciliwung watershed. This conceptual effort provides a much-needed foundation for developing better mitigation efforts in watersheds.
洪水是印度尼西亚最常见的灾害,如果它影响到人类并造成物质和经济损失,它就被归类为灾难。洪水的损失取决于洪水的类型、流速和持续时间。人口的增加将导致基础设施的增加,这将影响环境,包括河流和集水区的承载能力,而城市地区的洪水也将对基础设施和资产产生影响,增加洪水的破坏。本研究讨论了导致洪水的因素(降雨、地形、土壤类型、土地坡度、与河流的距离、河流废弃物、人口密度等),以及发生的各种类型的洪水。在这项研究中使用的方法是基于定性分析从网上数据库和搜索引擎获得的过去五年的政府信息和文献。研究结果可为流域灾害风险评估和洪水灾害预测提供理论参考。本研究在Ciliwung流域(DAS)进行,在那里确定了洪水的因素和主导类型。了解这些因素对洪水风险管理是有益的。本研究的重点是识别导致河流洪水事件的因素,并了解其影响,以便以当地政府在Ciliwung流域实施的措施为例,在其他地区安排兼顾流域上游、中游和下游的更综合的洪水风险管理。这一概念性努力为在流域开展更好的缓解工作提供了急需的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Social Consequences Of Floods: Case Study Of Five Emergencies In Different Global Drainage Basins 洪水的社会后果:全球不同流域五次突发事件的案例研究
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-102
V. Bondarev
Identifying social consequences is an essential aspect of considering emergency flood events. There needs to be more consensus in scientific publications on which social consequences of natural disasters, including emergency flood events, should be singled out and considered for the complete analysis of this issue and for further making the right management decisions. To clarify the structure and dynamics of scientific interest in social consequences, a line-by-line content analysis of more than 100 scientific articles on the five largest emergency floods of the early 2010s that occurred in various global basins of the world in countries with different levels of human development was carried out. As a rule, the cycle of interest in the events is 6-7 years, with a peak in the second or third year. There are exceptions to this trend due to either a completely unexpected event or the overlap of several significant events over several years. Social consequences, as the volume of consideration decreases, can be arranged in the following row (by the level of interest, %): death losses (23,1); social solidarity (18,3); management problems (13,4); horizontal mobility (11,3); psychological state (10,9); vertical mobility (7,0); social conflicts (6,2); social adaptation (5,4); health losses (4,4). The relationship of scientific interest in emergency flood events with the country’s level of development has been evaluated. There are three types of connection. With the growth of the Human Development Index (HDI), interest in social solidarity, death losses and management problems increases (the correlation coefficient is 0,54; 0,42; 0,31, respectively); However, consideration of vertical mobility, social conflicts and health losses is typical for lower HDI (the correlation coefficient is -0,86; -0,70; -0,47, respectively). The third group of social consequences (social adaptation, horizontal mobility, psychological state of the population) is statistically poorly related to the level of HDI.
识别社会后果是考虑紧急洪水事件的一个重要方面。科学出版物中需要达成更多共识,明确和考虑包括紧急洪水事件在内的自然灾害的社会后果,以全面分析这一问题,并进一步做出正确的管理决定。为了阐明科学界对社会后果的兴趣的结构和动态,对100多篇科学文章进行了逐行内容分析,这些文章涉及2010年代初发生在世界各流域、人类发展水平不同的国家的五次最大的紧急洪水。通常,人们对这些事件的兴趣周期为6-7年,第二年或第三年达到峰值。这一趋势也有例外,要么是完全出乎意料的事件,要么是几年来几个重大事件的重叠。社会后果,随着对价的减少,可以排列在以下一行(按利息水平,%):死亡损失(23,1);社会团结(18,3);管理问题(13,4);水平迁移率(11,3);心理状态(10,9);垂直迁移率(7,0);社会冲突(6,2);社会适应(5,4);健康损失(4,4)。对紧急洪水事件的科学兴趣与国家发展水平的关系进行了评估。有三种类型的连接。随着人类发展指数(HDI)的增长,人们对社会团结、死亡损失和管理问题的兴趣也在增加(相关系数分别为0,54、0,42和0,31);然而,考虑垂直流动性、社会冲突和健康损失是人类发展指数较低的典型情况(相关系数分别为-0.86、-0.70和-0.47)。第三组社会后果(社会适应、横向流动、人口心理状态)在统计上与人类发展指数水平的相关性很差。
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引用次数: 1
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Geography, Environment, Sustainability
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