Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-107
O. Chereshnia, M. Gribok
Digital inequality extends beyond mere access to technology. This study explores the concept of third-level digital inequality, which describes the situation where individuals or communities have access to technology and the Internet, have required skills, but still struggle to use it effectively. However, there is currently a lack of data and methods for assessing thirdlevel digital inequality. To address this gap, this study aimed to evaluate it on a regional scale by analyzing the popularity of Google search queries. In proposed method, the data are categorized into three groups: everyday services, education, science, and technology, and entertainment. On this basis authors calculated the index of Internet usage efficiency. The study’s findings revealed the territorial patterns of digital inequality in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Regions in North Caucasus and Siberia showed low Internet usage efficiency, while regions in the Urals and Central Russia had high Internet usage efficiency. The study’s methodology is quick, cost-effective, and easy to implement, but it also has limitations. The method only considers the popularity of certain search queries and does not consider the frequency or duration of internet usage, or the specific websites or services accessed, and does not consider individual-level factors that may influence internet usage patterns. The authors emphasize the importance of addressing not only differences in Internet access but also the lack of technology skills, digital literacy, and motivation among certain groups. They conclude that public policies aimed at enhancing internet skills can reduce digital inequality and improve the quality of life of the population.
{"title":"Regional Patterns Of Third-Level Digital Inequality In Russia: An Analysis Of Google Trends Data","authors":"O. Chereshnia, M. Gribok","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-107","url":null,"abstract":"Digital inequality extends beyond mere access to technology. This study explores the concept of third-level digital inequality, which describes the situation where individuals or communities have access to technology and the Internet, have required skills, but still struggle to use it effectively. However, there is currently a lack of data and methods for assessing thirdlevel digital inequality. To address this gap, this study aimed to evaluate it on a regional scale by analyzing the popularity of Google search queries. In proposed method, the data are categorized into three groups: everyday services, education, science, and technology, and entertainment. On this basis authors calculated the index of Internet usage efficiency. The study’s findings revealed the territorial patterns of digital inequality in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Regions in North Caucasus and Siberia showed low Internet usage efficiency, while regions in the Urals and Central Russia had high Internet usage efficiency. The study’s methodology is quick, cost-effective, and easy to implement, but it also has limitations. The method only considers the popularity of certain search queries and does not consider the frequency or duration of internet usage, or the specific websites or services accessed, and does not consider individual-level factors that may influence internet usage patterns. The authors emphasize the importance of addressing not only differences in Internet access but also the lack of technology skills, digital literacy, and motivation among certain groups. They conclude that public policies aimed at enhancing internet skills can reduce digital inequality and improve the quality of life of the population.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42201956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-123
V. Bazarova, M. Lyashchevskaya, E. Kudryavtseva, Ya. V. Piskareva, Y. V. Astashenkova
Ambrosia artemisiifolia first appeared on the Eurasian continent in the 18th century. In the south of the Russian Far East Ambrosia first appeared in the middle Holocene. The presence of its pollen in the sediments on west of the lacustrine Khanka Plain is correlated with the appearance of early men. The presence of Ambrosia pollen in Holocene deposits can be considered as an indicator of ancient agriculture in the south of the Russian Far East. The interval from the 19th century to the 1960s is marked by a complete absence of Ambrosia in this region. On boundary of early Holocene and middle Holocene population of ragweed existed on eastern part of Eurasia simultaneously and independently from Northern America population. The modern isolated centre of the Ambrosia expansion in the south of the Russian Far East began later than the 1960s – 1970s. The modern secondary settling of this species in the east and west parts of Eurasia formed independently. The ranges of the species in China, Japan, the Korean Peninsula, and the south of the Russian Far East also formed independently.
{"title":"Holocene Population Of Ambrosia On South Of Russian Far East","authors":"V. Bazarova, M. Lyashchevskaya, E. Kudryavtseva, Ya. V. Piskareva, Y. V. Astashenkova","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-123","url":null,"abstract":"Ambrosia artemisiifolia first appeared on the Eurasian continent in the 18th century. In the south of the Russian Far East Ambrosia first appeared in the middle Holocene. The presence of its pollen in the sediments on west of the lacustrine Khanka Plain is correlated with the appearance of early men. The presence of Ambrosia pollen in Holocene deposits can be considered as an indicator of ancient agriculture in the south of the Russian Far East. The interval from the 19th century to the 1960s is marked by a complete absence of Ambrosia in this region. On boundary of early Holocene and middle Holocene population of ragweed existed on eastern part of Eurasia simultaneously and independently from Northern America population. The modern isolated centre of the Ambrosia expansion in the south of the Russian Far East began later than the 1960s – 1970s. The modern secondary settling of this species in the east and west parts of Eurasia formed independently. The ranges of the species in China, Japan, the Korean Peninsula, and the south of the Russian Far East also formed independently.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43847988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-018
A. Witjaksono, A. M. Gai, R. Maulida
The increase in population and demand for settlement facilities and infrastructure affects the attractiveness of Batu city (Indonesia) and has a significant impact on the environmentWe perform spatial mapping of the environmental carrying capacity in developing settlements using the overlay-geoprocessing method. This method is based on unit indicators such as slope, morthology, soil type, elevation, and potential for disasters for obtaining the data on land capability, land suitability, and settlement development plans. Land capability analysis shows that slope, morthology and altitude are the main factors for attributing moderate, low, and poor development capability. The land capability unit shows the areas with slope steepness and land morthology that are not appropriate for intensively developing areas. Batu City areas of moderate, low, and poor development capacity cover 13,365.14 ha, 3193.04 ha, and 2858.07 ha. We also demonstrate that there is about 2,363 ha of unsuitable land use with poor land capability and 3,784.28 ha of land can be developed for settlement. Using this approach we determine saturation point in the residential area plan, because the environmental impact will increase if no threshold is given for residential development.
{"title":"Settlement Development Based On Environmental Carrying Capacity In Batu City, Indonesia","authors":"A. Witjaksono, A. M. Gai, R. Maulida","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-018","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in population and demand for settlement facilities and infrastructure affects the attractiveness of Batu city (Indonesia) and has a significant impact on the environmentWe perform spatial mapping of the environmental carrying capacity in developing settlements using the overlay-geoprocessing method. This method is based on unit indicators such as slope, morthology, soil type, elevation, and potential for disasters for obtaining the data on land capability, land suitability, and settlement development plans. Land capability analysis shows that slope, morthology and altitude are the main factors for attributing moderate, low, and poor development capability. The land capability unit shows the areas with slope steepness and land morthology that are not appropriate for intensively developing areas. Batu City areas of moderate, low, and poor development capacity cover 13,365.14 ha, 3193.04 ha, and 2858.07 ha. We also demonstrate that there is about 2,363 ha of unsuitable land use with poor land capability and 3,784.28 ha of land can be developed for settlement. Using this approach we determine saturation point in the residential area plan, because the environmental impact will increase if no threshold is given for residential development.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48373491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-101
T. Chernenkova, N. Belyaeva, E. Suslova, E. A. Aristarkhova, I. Kotlov
Epiphytes model the diversity of forest communities and indicate the integrity of natural ecosystems or the threat to their existence. The high sensitivity of epiphytic species to the environmental quality makes them good indicators in anthropogenic landscapes. The study deals with the distribution patterns of rare indicator epiphytic species at the border of their range in the broadleaved– coniferous forest zone, in the central part of the East European Plain within the Moscow region. The distribution and abundance of eight lichen species Anaptychia ciliaris, Bryoria fuscescens, B. implexa, Usnea dasopoga, U. glabrescens, U. hirta, U. subfloridana and the epiphytic moss Neckera pennata were studied. The main environmental factors at the regional level were climate variables based on the Worldclim database, water indices based on Sentinel-2 multispectral remote sensing data, and the anthropogenic impact factor in terms of the Nighttime lights of the earth’s surface based on the Suomi NPP satellite system. It was revealed that the vast majority of records were in the western and northern sectors of the region, i.e. in the broad-leaved–coniferous forest zone, while the vast majority of 0-records were in the southern and eastern sectors, in the area of broad-leaved and pine forests and extensive reclaimed wetlands. The association with different types of communities and biotopes, as well as tree species, was assessed at the ecosystem level, using field data. It has been established that the distribution of the studied species is governed by natural-geographic features of the territory. The principal limiting factors are air pollution, ecological restrictions (high humidity requirement of sites), cutting of mature forests and formation of local anthropogenic infrastructure. In perspective the study of ecology and living conditions of the studied rare species will help determine the optimal conditions contributing to biodiversity conservation in forests near large metropolitan areas and optimization of habitat diversity.
{"title":"Patterns of the red-listed epiphytic species distribution in coniferous-deciduous forests of the Moscow Region","authors":"T. Chernenkova, N. Belyaeva, E. Suslova, E. A. Aristarkhova, I. Kotlov","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-101","url":null,"abstract":"Epiphytes model the diversity of forest communities and indicate the integrity of natural ecosystems or the threat to their existence. The high sensitivity of epiphytic species to the environmental quality makes them good indicators in anthropogenic landscapes. The study deals with the distribution patterns of rare indicator epiphytic species at the border of their range in the broadleaved– coniferous forest zone, in the central part of the East European Plain within the Moscow region. The distribution and abundance of eight lichen species Anaptychia ciliaris, Bryoria fuscescens, B. implexa, Usnea dasopoga, U. glabrescens, U. hirta, U. subfloridana and the epiphytic moss Neckera pennata were studied. The main environmental factors at the regional level were climate variables based on the Worldclim database, water indices based on Sentinel-2 multispectral remote sensing data, and the anthropogenic impact factor in terms of the Nighttime lights of the earth’s surface based on the Suomi NPP satellite system. It was revealed that the vast majority of records were in the western and northern sectors of the region, i.e. in the broad-leaved–coniferous forest zone, while the vast majority of 0-records were in the southern and eastern sectors, in the area of broad-leaved and pine forests and extensive reclaimed wetlands. The association with different types of communities and biotopes, as well as tree species, was assessed at the ecosystem level, using field data. It has been established that the distribution of the studied species is governed by natural-geographic features of the territory. The principal limiting factors are air pollution, ecological restrictions (high humidity requirement of sites), cutting of mature forests and formation of local anthropogenic infrastructure. In perspective the study of ecology and living conditions of the studied rare species will help determine the optimal conditions contributing to biodiversity conservation in forests near large metropolitan areas and optimization of habitat diversity.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46821501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-133
G. Pospehov, Y. Savón, R. Delgado, E. Castellanos, Á. Peña
Hurricane Matthew affected the eastern region of Cuba from October 4th to 5th causing large damages and numerous landslides. This research presents an inventory of landslides triggered by the hurricane. Visual interpretation of satellite images of moderate resolution from Sentinel 2A instrument and localized higher resolution satellite images provided by PlanetScope, as well as field research were the main sources of information. The resulting landslide inventory was compared with other landslide factors such as slope, geology, and soil deep and composition from maps at a scale of 1:100 000. Data recorded by 1-hour rain gauges and 24-hour rain gauge was also analyzed in order to identify rainfall thresholds for the occurrence of landslides during the Hurricane Matthew influence in the study region. A total of 619 landslides were identified and classified as rockslide, rockfall or debris flows. The research found the slope was not as important factor as the type of rock. Most of landslides were located in areas of green shale of volcanic and vulcanoclastic rocks and rocks of the ophiolitic complex formed by ancient remnants of oceanic crust. The accumulate rainfall threshold estimated for the event was between 178-407 mm/day.
{"title":"Inventory Of Landslides Triggered By Hurricane Matthews In Guantánamo, Cuba","authors":"G. Pospehov, Y. Savón, R. Delgado, E. Castellanos, Á. Peña","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-133","url":null,"abstract":"Hurricane Matthew affected the eastern region of Cuba from October 4th to 5th causing large damages and numerous landslides. This research presents an inventory of landslides triggered by the hurricane. Visual interpretation of satellite images of moderate resolution from Sentinel 2A instrument and localized higher resolution satellite images provided by PlanetScope, as well as field research were the main sources of information. The resulting landslide inventory was compared with other landslide factors such as slope, geology, and soil deep and composition from maps at a scale of 1:100 000. Data recorded by 1-hour rain gauges and 24-hour rain gauge was also analyzed in order to identify rainfall thresholds for the occurrence of landslides during the Hurricane Matthew influence in the study region. A total of 619 landslides were identified and classified as rockslide, rockfall or debris flows. The research found the slope was not as important factor as the type of rock. Most of landslides were located in areas of green shale of volcanic and vulcanoclastic rocks and rocks of the ophiolitic complex formed by ancient remnants of oceanic crust. The accumulate rainfall threshold estimated for the event was between 178-407 mm/day.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44045729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-034
T. T. Do Hong, H. Nguyen, V. Le Thang, T. Nguyen Thanh, X. T. Phan
Truong Sa archipelago of Vietnam are very diverse in microorganisms, however, compared to aquatic microorganisms (sea water, sediment, etc) terrestrial microorganisms (soil, coral sand, etc) has received little attention. This study focuses on assessing the biodiversity of marine yeasts in coral sand samples collected at some islands in Truong Sa archipelago. From nine coral sand samples collected at three islands: Song Tu island (three samples), Sinh Ton island (three samples), Truong Sa island (three samples), twenty – four strains of marine yeasts were isolated. The number of marine yeast strains isolated in Truong Sa island was the highest (ten strains). Sample CS9 had the highest number of strains. These strains were grouped into eight groups based on colony and cell morphology and fourteen groups by DNA fingerprinting. The results showed that there are strains in the same group according to morphology but belong to two different groups according to fingerprinting. Otherwise, some strains have different morphology but are grouped according to fingerprinting. The fourteen yeast strains representing groups by DNA fingerprinting were closely related to fourteen different yeast species and belong to ten yeast genera (Yamadazyma, Candida, Trichosporon, Saccharomyces, Kodamaea, Rhodotorula, Rhodosporidium, Aureobasidium, Meyerozyma, Pichia). Among them, the genus Candida accounted for the highest number. This is the first study on marine yeasts in coral sand in Truong Sa archipelago, Vietnam. This study can be a premise for further studies on marine yeast in different fields such as medicine, agriculture, environment, etc.
{"title":"Biodiversity Of Marine Yeasts Isolated From Coral Sand In Truong Sa Archipelago, Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam","authors":"T. T. Do Hong, H. Nguyen, V. Le Thang, T. Nguyen Thanh, X. T. Phan","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-034","url":null,"abstract":"Truong Sa archipelago of Vietnam are very diverse in microorganisms, however, compared to aquatic microorganisms (sea water, sediment, etc) terrestrial microorganisms (soil, coral sand, etc) has received little attention. This study focuses on assessing the biodiversity of marine yeasts in coral sand samples collected at some islands in Truong Sa archipelago. From nine coral sand samples collected at three islands: Song Tu island (three samples), Sinh Ton island (three samples), Truong Sa island (three samples), twenty – four strains of marine yeasts were isolated. The number of marine yeast strains isolated in Truong Sa island was the highest (ten strains). Sample CS9 had the highest number of strains. These strains were grouped into eight groups based on colony and cell morphology and fourteen groups by DNA fingerprinting. The results showed that there are strains in the same group according to morphology but belong to two different groups according to fingerprinting. Otherwise, some strains have different morphology but are grouped according to fingerprinting. The fourteen yeast strains representing groups by DNA fingerprinting were closely related to fourteen different yeast species and belong to ten yeast genera (Yamadazyma, Candida, Trichosporon, Saccharomyces, Kodamaea, Rhodotorula, Rhodosporidium, Aureobasidium, Meyerozyma, Pichia). Among them, the genus Candida accounted for the highest number. This is the first study on marine yeasts in coral sand in Truong Sa archipelago, Vietnam. This study can be a premise for further studies on marine yeast in different fields such as medicine, agriculture, environment, etc.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41663317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2021-093
In Goa, the tourism industry is the major cornerstone of the economy. With the increasing number of tourists along the coastal areas, more tourism-related infrastructure is emerging within the Coastal Regulation Zone. The sensitive and fragile coastal zones are being covered by concrete structures and the coastal environment becomes vulnerable to degradation. The objective of the paper was to study the changes in landuse and landcover in the Coastal Regulation Zone of Salcete taluka using remote sensing data and geospatial techniques. To fulfill the objective, both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was based on personal observations and field visits while secondary data consisted of topographic maps, LANDSAT 7 ETM, and LANDSAT 8 satellite images, which were processed and analyzed using ArcGIS 10.3, ERDAS IMAGINE 2014, SAGA (System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses) and MS Excel. From the landuse and landcover analysis for a period of 17 years (2000-2017), it was found that the land cover within the CRZ underwent a tremendous change with the increase in tourism activity and related infrastructure. The analysis revealed that the agricultural area has decreased, whereas built-up areas, barren land, and vegetation area increased. The change detection analysis using SAGA software allowed to understand the conversion between different classes. The study revealed that the increasing number of tourists and tourism activities along the Salcete Coast is deteriorating the environmental setup and disturbing the inherent coastal landscape.
{"title":"Human-Induced Landscape Alteration in the Coastal Regulation Zone of Goa, India, from 2000 to 2017","authors":"","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2021-093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-093","url":null,"abstract":"In Goa, the tourism industry is the major cornerstone of the economy. With the increasing number of tourists along the coastal areas, more tourism-related infrastructure is emerging within the Coastal Regulation Zone. The sensitive and fragile coastal zones are being covered by concrete structures and the coastal environment becomes vulnerable to degradation. The objective of the paper was to study the changes in landuse and landcover in the Coastal Regulation Zone of Salcete taluka using remote sensing data and geospatial techniques. To fulfill the objective, both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was based on personal observations and field visits while secondary data consisted of topographic maps, LANDSAT 7 ETM, and LANDSAT 8 satellite images, which were processed and analyzed using ArcGIS 10.3, ERDAS IMAGINE 2014, SAGA (System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses) and MS Excel. From the landuse and landcover analysis for a period of 17 years (2000-2017), it was found that the land cover within the CRZ underwent a tremendous change with the increase in tourism activity and related infrastructure. The analysis revealed that the agricultural area has decreased, whereas built-up areas, barren land, and vegetation area increased. The change detection analysis using SAGA software allowed to understand the conversion between different classes. The study revealed that the increasing number of tourists and tourism activities along the Salcete Coast is deteriorating the environmental setup and disturbing the inherent coastal landscape.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46770179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-001
V. Balogun, E. Ekpenkhio, B. Ebena
Rainfall and temperature are the two major climatic variables affecting humans and the environment. Hence, it is essential to study rainfall and temperature variability over urban areas. This study focused on analyzing the spatiotemporal trends and variability of rainfall and temperature over Benin metropolitan region, Nigeria. Time series analysis was used to determine temporal trends in rainfall as well as minimum and maximum atmospheric temperatures over a study period of 30 years (1990 to 2019). Analysis of variance was used to understand spatiotemporal variations of climatic elements among the spatial units (urban core, intermediate and peripheral areas). Land surface temperature (LST) and land use/land cover (LULC) classes of the study area were analyzed from Landsat TM Imagery of 2020. Results revealed a decreasing trend for rainfall and increasing trend for minimum and maximum atmospheric temperatures in all the spatial units. Rainfall distribution and temperature among the spatial units were statistically insignificant; however, significant temporal decadal variations were noticed for minimum and maximum air temperatures. This investigation provided valuable information for assessing changes in rainfall and temperature and concluded that the study area is becoming warmer; an indication of global warming and climate change.
{"title":"Spatiotemporal Trends And Variability Analysis Of Rainfall And Temperature Over Benin Metropolitan Region, Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"V. Balogun, E. Ekpenkhio, B. Ebena","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-001","url":null,"abstract":"Rainfall and temperature are the two major climatic variables affecting humans and the environment. Hence, it is essential to study rainfall and temperature variability over urban areas. This study focused on analyzing the spatiotemporal trends and variability of rainfall and temperature over Benin metropolitan region, Nigeria. Time series analysis was used to determine temporal trends in rainfall as well as minimum and maximum atmospheric temperatures over a study period of 30 years (1990 to 2019). Analysis of variance was used to understand spatiotemporal variations of climatic elements among the spatial units (urban core, intermediate and peripheral areas). Land surface temperature (LST) and land use/land cover (LULC) classes of the study area were analyzed from Landsat TM Imagery of 2020. Results revealed a decreasing trend for rainfall and increasing trend for minimum and maximum atmospheric temperatures in all the spatial units. Rainfall distribution and temperature among the spatial units were statistically insignificant; however, significant temporal decadal variations were noticed for minimum and maximum air temperatures. This investigation provided valuable information for assessing changes in rainfall and temperature and concluded that the study area is becoming warmer; an indication of global warming and climate change.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47253478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-084
D. Ariyani, .. Perdinan, M. Y. Purwanto, E. Sunarti, A. Juniati, M. Ibrahim
Flooding is the most common disaster in Indonesia, it is classified as a disaster if it affects humans causing physical and financial losses. Flood damage depends on the type of flood, flow velocity, and duration. The increase in population will cause an increase in infrastructure that will affect the environment, including the carrying capacity of rivers and catchment areas, while flooding in urban areas will also have an impact on infrastructure and assets, increasing flood damage. This study discusses the factors that cause flooding (rainfall, topography, soil type, land slope, distance from rivers, river waste, population density, etc.), as well as various types of floods that occur. The method used in this research was based on the qualitative analysis of the information from the government and literature over the last five years obtained from online databases and search engines. The results of this study can provide a reference for the theory regarding disaster risk assessment and flood hazard prediction in watersheds. This research was conducted in the Ciliwung Watershed (DAS), where the factors and the dominant type of flooding were determined. Knowing the contributing factors can be beneficial for flood risk management. This research focuses on identifying factors that contribute to fluvial flood events and understanding their influence so that a more integrated flood risk management that takes into account the upstream, middle, and downstream parts of the watershed can be arranged in other areas based on the example of measures implemented by the local government in the Ciliwung watershed. This conceptual effort provides a much-needed foundation for developing better mitigation efforts in watersheds.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-102
V. Bondarev
Identifying social consequences is an essential aspect of considering emergency flood events. There needs to be more consensus in scientific publications on which social consequences of natural disasters, including emergency flood events, should be singled out and considered for the complete analysis of this issue and for further making the right management decisions. To clarify the structure and dynamics of scientific interest in social consequences, a line-by-line content analysis of more than 100 scientific articles on the five largest emergency floods of the early 2010s that occurred in various global basins of the world in countries with different levels of human development was carried out. As a rule, the cycle of interest in the events is 6-7 years, with a peak in the second or third year. There are exceptions to this trend due to either a completely unexpected event or the overlap of several significant events over several years. Social consequences, as the volume of consideration decreases, can be arranged in the following row (by the level of interest, %): death losses (23,1); social solidarity (18,3); management problems (13,4); horizontal mobility (11,3); psychological state (10,9); vertical mobility (7,0); social conflicts (6,2); social adaptation (5,4); health losses (4,4). The relationship of scientific interest in emergency flood events with the country’s level of development has been evaluated. There are three types of connection. With the growth of the Human Development Index (HDI), interest in social solidarity, death losses and management problems increases (the correlation coefficient is 0,54; 0,42; 0,31, respectively); However, consideration of vertical mobility, social conflicts and health losses is typical for lower HDI (the correlation coefficient is -0,86; -0,70; -0,47, respectively). The third group of social consequences (social adaptation, horizontal mobility, psychological state of the population) is statistically poorly related to the level of HDI.
{"title":"Social Consequences Of Floods: Case Study Of Five Emergencies In Different Global Drainage Basins","authors":"V. Bondarev","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-102","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying social consequences is an essential aspect of considering emergency flood events. There needs to be more consensus in scientific publications on which social consequences of natural disasters, including emergency flood events, should be singled out and considered for the complete analysis of this issue and for further making the right management decisions. To clarify the structure and dynamics of scientific interest in social consequences, a line-by-line content analysis of more than 100 scientific articles on the five largest emergency floods of the early 2010s that occurred in various global basins of the world in countries with different levels of human development was carried out. As a rule, the cycle of interest in the events is 6-7 years, with a peak in the second or third year. There are exceptions to this trend due to either a completely unexpected event or the overlap of several significant events over several years. Social consequences, as the volume of consideration decreases, can be arranged in the following row (by the level of interest, %): death losses (23,1); social solidarity (18,3); management problems (13,4); horizontal mobility (11,3); psychological state (10,9); vertical mobility (7,0); social conflicts (6,2); social adaptation (5,4); health losses (4,4). The relationship of scientific interest in emergency flood events with the country’s level of development has been evaluated. There are three types of connection. With the growth of the Human Development Index (HDI), interest in social solidarity, death losses and management problems increases (the correlation coefficient is 0,54; 0,42; 0,31, respectively); However, consideration of vertical mobility, social conflicts and health losses is typical for lower HDI (the correlation coefficient is -0,86; -0,70; -0,47, respectively). The third group of social consequences (social adaptation, horizontal mobility, psychological state of the population) is statistically poorly related to the level of HDI.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43019530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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