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Relationship Between Urbanization And Road Networks In The Lower Northeastern Region Of Thailand Using Nighttime Light Satellite Imagery 基于夜间卫星图像的泰国东北地区城市化与道路网络的关系
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2021-096
Nayot Kulpanich, Morakot Worachairungreung, K. Waiyasusri, Pornperm Sae-ngow, Pornsmith Chaysmithikul, Kunyaphat Thanakunwutthirot
The objective of this research on the relationship between urbanization and road networks in the lower Northeastern region of Thailand was to compare the urban area in 2006, 2013 and 2016 using nighttime light satellite images from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), acquired by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP/OLS) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP). After that the relationship between urbanization and road network was identified using nighttime light satellite images from these satellites. The nighttime light data was used to determine the urbanization levels, which were then compared with Landsat 8 Satellite images taken in 2016 in order to find the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results indicated that areas with high urbanization identified from the nighttime light satellite images taken by the Suomi NPP Satellite had a day/night band reflectance of 172-255 indicated and were located primarily along the roads. The analysis of these data suggested that urbanization has a significantly positive relationship with the road network at 0.01 level, with R2 values of 0.800 for urbanization and 0.985 for the road network.
本研究旨在利用美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的夜间光卫星图像,比较2006年、2013年和2016年泰国东北部地区城市化与道路网络之间的关系,被国防气象卫星计划(DMSP/OLS)和索米国家极地轨道伙伴关系(索米NPP)收购。之后,利用这些卫星的夜间光线卫星图像确定了城市化和道路网络之间的关系。夜间光线数据用于确定城市化水平,然后将其与2016年拍摄的陆地卫星8号卫星图像进行比较,以找到皮尔逊相关系数。结果表明,从索米核电站卫星拍摄的夜间光卫星图像中确定的城市化程度较高的地区的昼夜波段反射率为172-255,主要位于道路沿线。对这些数据的分析表明,城市化与道路网在0.01水平上存在显著的正相关关系,城市化的R2值为0.800,道路网的R2值则为0.985。
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引用次数: 0
Long-Term Heat Flux Formation Of The Large Russian Arctic Rivers And Its Transformations In Estuaries Under The Influence Of Climate-Induced And Dam-Induced Effects 气候和大坝效应影响下俄罗斯北极大型河流的长期热通量形成及其河口变化
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-105
A. Vasilenko, D. Magritsky, N. Frolova, Artem I. Shevchenko
The heat flux of the large rivers flowing into the Arctic seas of Russia plays an essential role in the thermal and ice regime of the lower reaches of these rivers and the southern part of the Arctic seas. However, estimates of the total value of heat flux and its spatial-temporal distribution require clarification. In this research, we analyzed monthly, and yearly water temperature data from 55 gauges and water flow data from 35 gauges in the lower reaches of the rivers of the Russian Arctic northerner of 60 N. These rivers are: Onega, Northern Dvina, Mezen, Pechora, Ob, Nadym, Pur, Taz, Yenisei, Khatanga, Anabar, Olenek, Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Alazeya, Kolyma and their main tributaries. The collected data series covers 1930-2018, focusing more on 1960–2018. We used Spearman trend tests and Mann-Whitney U-test to clarify changes in the thermal regime of study rivers. Our estimations showed that heat flux did not significantly increase in the past three decades on most rivers except Yenisei and Yana lowlands. Water temperatures on rivers monotonically increased after 1960, especially in May and June, but without statistical significance. The role of dams in the water temperature regime is observed for nearly 500 km lower dams, but it is not observed in their lowlands and mouths. We also identified the decrease in water temperatures and heat flux in river lowlands, estuaries and deltas up to 25% for Yenisei lowlands.
流入俄罗斯北极海域的大河的热通量在这些河流下游和北极海域南部的热力和冰况中起着至关重要的作用。然而,对热通量总价值及其时空分布的估计需要澄清。在这项研究中,我们分析了俄罗斯北极北部60 n的河流下游的55个水位计的月、年水温数据和35个水位计的流量数据。这些河流是:奥涅加河、北德维纳河、梅岑河、佩霍拉河、奥布河、纳德姆河、普尔河、塔兹河、叶尼塞河、哈坦加河、阿纳巴尔河、奥列涅克河、莉娜河、亚纳河、印吉尔卡河、阿拉泽亚河、科雷马河及其主要支流。收集的数据系列涵盖1930-2018年,重点关注1960-2018年。我们使用Spearman趋势检验和Mann-Whitney u检验来澄清研究河流的热状态变化。结果表明,除叶尼塞和雅纳低地外,大部分河流的热通量在过去30年没有显著增加。1960年以后河流水温单调升高,特别是5月和6月,但无统计学意义。大坝对水温变化的影响在近500公里下游的大坝中得到了观察,但在其低地和河口没有观察到。叶尼塞河低地、河口和三角洲的水温和热通量下降幅度高达25%。
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引用次数: 1
Large Rivers Hydrology And Sediment Transport 大河、水文和泥沙运输
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-020
A. Tsyplenkov, S. Chalov, Markus Eder, H. Habersack
This paper provides a short overview of the large river research topics discussed during the 4th World’s Large Rivers Conference and submitted to the Geography Environment Sustainability special issue. The various aspects of hydrology, sediment transport and river morphology issues are presented based on case studies from Eurasia and Africa.
本文简要介绍了第四届世界大河会议期间讨论的大河研究主题,并提交给地理环境可持续性特刊。基于欧亚大陆和非洲的案例研究,介绍了水文、泥沙运输和河流形态问题的各个方面。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Elevation Model Development Of The Volga And Don River’s Delta And Application In Hydrological Modeling 伏尔加河和顿河三角洲数字高程模型的开发及其在水文建模中的应用
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-035
N. Yaitskaya, I. Sheverdyaev
The article describes the methodology for constructing digital elevation models for the vast delta areas of the Don and Volga rivers for further use in mathematical models of flooding from surges. The initial cartographic data and features of the delta regions are described. The methods of information processing are considered in detail. An algorithm for constructing a DEM has been developed to obtain highly detailed digital elevation models. The algorithm is based on combining the DEM of individual key features - land, the depths of the hydrographic network and the bathymetry of the receiving reservoir for the river. The topographic maps, maps of the navigable route depths, hydrographic maps, and satellite images Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 were used to create the DEM of the Don and Volga river. To build individual DEMs, a raster of the absolute depth of the channels, a hydrography DEM, a land DEM, and a shelf DEM were created using geoinformation systems. To assess the possibility of using obtained DEMs in hydrological models based on HEC-RAS, we conducted training and verification calculations of water level during wind surge phenomena in Don Delta using different surface roughness coefficients. The calculation results show good reproducibility of observed water level fluctuation in the Don Delta using obtained DEM with a roughness coefficient of 0.0125. Also, we carried out similar calculations of storm surge phenomena in the Volga Delta using obtained DEM and combinations of various riverbed and not riverbed roughness coefficients. The combination of 0.007 for riverbed and 0.02 for not riverbed surfaces reproduces the observed water level fluctuation during storm surge phenomena in Volga Delta. The constructed DEMs for the Volga and Don deltas made it possible to reproduce the observed dynamics of river discharges and water level fluctuations during surge events. Such detailed DEMs, taking into account all the complexity of the coastal and delta relief, were created for the first time for the Volga and Don.
本文描述了为顿河和伏尔加河广大三角洲地区构建数字高程模型的方法,以进一步用于浪涌洪水的数学模型。介绍了三角洲地区的初步制图数据和特征。详细考虑了信息处理的方法。已经开发了一种用于构建DEM的算法,以获得高度详细的数字高程模型。该算法基于结合各个关键特征的DEM——陆地、水文网络的深度和河流接收水库的水深。地形图、航道深度图、水文图以及卫星图像Landsat-8和Sentinel-2用于创建顿河和伏尔加河的DEM。为了构建单独的DEM,使用地理信息系统创建了河道绝对深度的光栅、水文DEM、陆地DEM和陆架DEM。为了评估在基于HEC-RAS的水文模型中使用所获得的DEM的可能性,我们使用不同的表面粗糙度系数对唐三角洲的风涌现象期间的水位进行了训练和验证计算。计算结果表明,使用获得的粗糙度系数为0.0125的DEM,观测到的唐三角洲水位波动具有良好的再现性。此外,我们使用获得的DEM和各种河床的组合,而不是河床粗糙度系数,对伏尔加三角洲的风暴潮现象进行了类似的计算。河床0.007和非河床表面0.02的组合再现了伏尔加三角洲风暴潮现象期间观测到的水位波动。为伏尔加三角洲和顿河三角洲构建的DEM可以重现浪涌事件期间观测到的河流流量和水位波动的动态。考虑到海岸和三角洲地貌的复杂性,首次为伏尔加河和顿河创建了如此详细的DEM。
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引用次数: 2
Index-Based Spatiotemporal Assesment Of Water Quality In Tarbela Reservoir, Pakistan (1990−2020) 基于指数的巴基斯坦Tarbela水库水质时空评估(1990−2020)
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-077
N. Mazhar, Kanwal Javid, M. A. N. Akram, Amna Afzal, Kiran Hamayon, Adeel Ahmad
Anthropogenic activities can greatly influence the lake ecosystems across the globe. Within these ecosystems, the impacts of human activities are most evident on sedimentation, light and nutrient availability, and disturbance frequency. There have been times of natural environmental healing of reservoirs and the present research aims to explore the variations in the water quality of Tarbela reservoir, Pakistan the largest rock-filled dam of the world, from 1990 to 2020. Landsat imagery (Landsat 4-5, 5, 7 and 8) was used to monitor Land Use Land Cover (LULC), Normalized Difference Chlorophyll Index (NDCI), Normalized Difference Turbidity Index (NDTI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) in Tarbela reservoir, and its surrounding area from 1990−2020, on decadal interval. The results indicated a significant increase in built-up area, of about 630 km2 , in the western and eastern parts of the reservoir, whereas turbidity level, revealed a substantial decline with 4% decrease observed in the last decade, 2010-2020 thus confirming improved water quality. The study also presented expanse in the spatial coverage of chlorophyll index and water index, indicating increase in residence time of the water. It is concluded that the water quality continued to deteriorate with time, however, 2020 was a year of environmental healing and there was an overall water quality improvement of the reservoir observed. The study recommends policies to be formulated for sediment flushing and turbidity reduction for longer time duration to enhance the life of this mega reservoir.
人为活动可以极大地影响全球的湖泊生态系统。在这些生态系统中,人类活动对沉积、光照和营养物质的可用性以及干扰频率的影响最为明显。水库曾经历过自然环境修复的时期,本研究旨在探索1990年至2020年巴基斯坦世界上最大的堆石坝Tarbela水库水质的变化。利用陆地卫星图像(陆地卫星4-5、5、7和8)对1990~2020年Tarbela水库及其周边地区的土地利用土地覆盖(LULC)、归一化差异叶绿素指数(NDCI)、归一化差浊度指数(NDTI)和归一化差水指数(NDWI)进行了年代际监测。结果表明,水库西部和东部的建成区面积显著增加,约630平方公里,而浊度水平则大幅下降,在2010-2020年的过去十年中下降了4%,从而证实了水质的改善。该研究还提出了广阔的叶绿素指数和水分指数的空间覆盖率,表明水的停留时间增加。得出的结论是,随着时间的推移,水质继续恶化,然而,2020年是环境恢复的一年,观察到水库的整体水质有所改善。该研究建议制定更长时间的冲沙降浊政策,以提高这座巨型水库的使用寿命。
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引用次数: 3
Changes In Land Use/ Cover And Water Balance Components During 1964–2010 Period In The Mono River Basin, Togo-Benin 1964年至2010年期间多哥-贝宁莫诺河流域土地利用/覆盖和水平衡组成部分的变化
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2021-098
D. K. Houteta, K. Atchonouglo, J. Adounkpe, B. Diwediga, Y. Lombo, K. Kpemoua, K. Agboka
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has predicted that sub-tropical regions are more vulnerable to climate change’s negative effects (CC). Additionally, to CC, land use and land cover (LULC) changes and dam construction, often neglected, play an important role in the spatial and temporal distribution of water balance components (WBC) for agricultural production and socio-ecological equilibrium. This study aimed to analyze and compare the changes in LULC and WBC for the period before Nangbéto dam construction (1964–1986) and the period after its construction (1988–2010) in the Mono River Basin (MRB). To this end, the study used mainly WBC extracted from the validated Soil and Water Assessment Tool and LULC data of 1975–2000 in the MRB to explore their temporal distributions and the link in their changes. The results showed that mean actual monthly evapotranspiration, percolation, water yield, surface runoff, groundwater, and lateral flow represent 51%, 17.5%, 15.9%, 9.4%; 5.7% and 0.4%, respectively, of total water balance between 1964 and 1986. The same components represented 51%, 9.1%, 20.4%, 6.3%, 10.6% and 2.6%, respectively, between 1988 and 2010. The contribution of these WBC in the mean-annual (1964–1986) period was for actual evapotranspiration (31.3%), water yield (25.9%), percolation (17.7%), groundwater (14.71%), surface runoff (9.94%) and lateral flow (0.40%). Meanwhile, between 1988 and 2010, the contribution of actual evapotranspiration, water yield, percolation, groundwater, surface runoff and lateral flow is 49.8%,19.9%, 11.2%, 10.3%, 6.1%, and 2.5%, respectively. The results showed that the peaks of the actual evapotranspiration, surface runoff, percolation and water yield appeared in September, corresponding to a month after the maximum rainfall in August. However, our more detailed analysis showed that a significant decrease in forest and savanna and an increase in croplands led to a decrease in actual evapotranspiration and lateral flow over the second simulation period compared to the first period of simulation over the MRB scale. These findings showed that sustainable management and conservation of natural vegetation are crucial for integrated water resource management and conservation in MRB.
政府间气候变化专门委员会预测,亚热带地区更容易受到气候变化的负面影响。此外,对于CC来说,土地利用和土地覆盖(LULC)的变化和大坝建设,通常被忽视,在农业生产和社会生态平衡的水平衡成分(WBC)的时空分布中发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在分析和比较莫诺河流域Nangbéto大坝建设前(1964–1986)和大坝建设后(1988–2010)期间LULC和WBC的变化。为此,该研究主要使用从经验证的土壤和水评估工具中提取的WBC和MRB中1975–2000年的LULC数据,以探索其时间分布及其变化的联系。结果表明,月平均实际蒸散量、渗透量、产水量、地表径流、地下水和侧流分别占51%、17.5%、15.9%和9.4%;1964年至1986年间,分别占总水量平衡的5.7%和0.4%。1988年至2010年间,相同成分分别占51%、9.1%、20.4%、6.3%、10.6%和2.6%。这些WBC在1964年至1986年的年均期内对实际蒸散量(31.3%)、产水量(25.9%)、渗滤量(17.7%)、地下水(14.71%)、地表径流(9.94%)和侧向流(0.40%)的贡献。同时,在1988年至2010年期间,实际蒸散量、产水量、渗滤量、地下水、地表径流和侧向流的贡献分别为49.8%、19.9%、11.2%,分别为10.3%、6.1%和2.5%。结果表明,实际蒸散量、地表径流、渗滤量和产水量的峰值出现在9月,对应于8月最大降雨量后的一个月。然而,我们更详细的分析表明,与MRB规模的第一个模拟期相比,第二个模拟期的森林和稀树草原的显著减少和农田面积的增加导致实际蒸散量和横向流量的减少。这些发现表明,自然植被的可持续管理和保护对于MRB的水资源综合管理和保护至关重要。
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引用次数: 2
Contribution Of The Different Sources To The Formation Of Alluvial Sediments In The Selenga River Delta. (Eastern Siberia, Russia) 不同来源对塞伦加河三角洲冲积沉积物形成的贡献。(俄罗斯东西伯利亚)
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-098
Ellina D. Zaharova, V. Belyaev
Unraveling sources of sediment supply, their temporal and spatial variability is of key importance to determine origin of deposits and to explore the formation mechanism of Selenga Delta landscape units. From an environmental point of view this solution would help to identify the particle-bound pollution sources. We used geochemical fingerprinting (the FingerPro R package), which is a modern quantitative implementation of the method of sedimentary provenance analysis. The main aim was to recognize the main patterns of sediment and associated particle-bound pollutants transport and deposition within the delta. At the old floodplain from 55% to 90% of sediments were delivered from the eroded floodplain and terrace banks upstream and only about 10-15% originates from the remote basin sources. Sedimentary environment in the Khlystov Zaton reveals a greater variety than on the floodplains. 40% of sediments from the upper 5 cm-layer originated from the flood, taking place in 2013, and 30% were the product of floodplain and terraces banks erosion. Nevertheless, analysis of the fine-grained component of suspended sediment sets the material from eroded floodplain banks as the dominant source of accumulation within the delta. This means that the self-absorption is the leading process in the Selenga delta at the moment. Heavy metals and metalloids accumulates in the lower reaches of the Selenga on the floodplain surface, deltaic lakes and oxbows during high floods. Runoff decrease during floods can lead to the release of pollutants into the Lake Baikal.
弄清沉积物的来源及其时空变异性,对于确定沉积物的来源和探索塞伦加三角洲景观单元的形成机制至关重要。从环境的角度来看,这种解决方案将有助于识别颗粒结合的污染源。我们使用了地球化学指纹(FingerPro R软件包),这是沉积物源分析方法的现代定量实现。主要目的是识别三角洲内沉积物和相关颗粒污染物运输和沉积的主要模式。在旧洪泛平原,55%至90%的沉积物来自上游侵蚀的洪泛平原和阶地河岸,只有约10-15%来自偏远的盆地来源。Khlystov Zaton的沉积环境比洪泛平原的沉积环境变化更大。上游5厘米层40%的沉积物来自2013年发生的洪水,30%是泛滥平原和阶地河岸侵蚀的产物。然而,对悬浮沉积物细粒成分的分析表明,来自侵蚀漫滩河岸的物质是三角洲内堆积的主要来源。这意味着自我吸收是目前塞伦加三角洲的主导过程。高洪水期间,重金属和类金属在塞伦加河下游的泛滥平原表面、三角洲湖泊和牛轭积聚。洪水期间的径流减少会导致污染物释放到贝加尔湖。
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引用次数: 1
Features Of The First Hazard Class Elements Accumulation By Plants Of The Paeonia L. Genus 芍药属植物一级危险元素积累特征
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-049
A. Reut, S. Denisova
Heavy metals are generally recognized as primary soil pollutants. The most active pollutants are their mobile forms, which can migrate from a solid state into soil solutions and become absorbed by plants. The aim of this work was to study the features of heavy metal accumulation in the aboveground and underground parts of the Paeonia L. genus representatives in the urbanized environment of Ufa. The research considered four species and three varieties of hybrid paeony. The elemental composition of the aboveground and underground parts was analyzed using the method «Determination of As, Pb, Cd, Sn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni in samples of food products and food raw materials by the atomic absorption method with electrothermal atomization». Eight elements were studied for each raw material group and their concentrations were determined in mmol/ kg of air-dry raw material. The minimum concentrations of arsenic, chromium, manganese, and iron were observed in the roots; lead, cadmium, and copper − in the leaves; nickel − in the flowers of the studied paeonies. The maximum content of arsenic and chromium was found in leaves; lead, nickel, manganese, and iron − in stems; cadmium and copper − in flowers. The results of the correlation analysis showed that there is a moderate or strong relationship between the concentrations of the studied elements in the considered taxa of paeonies.
重金属通常被认为是主要的土壤污染物。最活跃的污染物是它们的流动形式,可以从固态迁移到土壤溶液中,并被植物吸收。本研究的目的是研究乌法城市化环境中芍药属代表植物地上和地下重金属积累的特征。本研究以杂交丹皮4种3变种为材料。采用“电热原子化原子吸收法测定食品和食品原料样品中的As、Pb、Cd、Sn、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn和Ni”方法分析了地上和地下部分的元素组成。研究了每个原料组的八种元素,并以mmol/kg空气干燥原料为单位测定了它们的浓度。根部砷、铬、锰和铁的浓度最低;叶片中的铅、镉和铜;所研究的芍药花中的镍。叶片中砷和铬含量最高;茎中的铅、镍、锰和铁;花中的镉和铜。相关性分析结果表明,所研究的元素在所考虑的芍药分类群中的浓度之间存在中等或强烈的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Landscape Reading for Alpine Rivers: A Case Study from the river Biya 高山河流景观阅读——以比亚河为例
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-046
L. Schmalfuß, C. Hauer, L. Yanygina, M. Schletterer
Anthropogenic stressors have altered the hydromorphological characteristics of rivers worldwide. Environmental guiding principles are essential for planning sustainable river restoration measures. The alpine river Biya, located in the Russian Altai mountains, originates from Lake Teletskoye and joins the Katun near Biysk, forming the Ob. The Biya represents a hydromorphological reference system in anthropogenically ‘least-disturbed’ condition. The presented study aimed to assess the river’s undisturbed morphology in relationship with the geological history of three different river stretches based on an adapted landscape reading approach using remote sensing information (ASTER GDEM v3). The established widths of the active channel, active floodplain and morphological floodplain as well as the longitudinal section were used to explain the differences between upper, middle, and lower Biya. The results confirm differences in the geological origins between the upper Biya, which has previously been described as the least developed and narrowest, and the other two stretches based on the analyses of morphological parameters. Morphological floodplain width could best explain the differences between upper (0-86 km), middle (86-196 km), and lower Biya (196-301 km). The study further showed a clear relationship between the variations in river patterns and adjacent topographic structures (valley confinements, tributary interactions), highlighting that any assessment of river morphology must consider the wider surroundings of a river stretch. The presented morphological observations and analyses of the Biya show that easily obtainable parameters can detect differences in the morphological history of river stretches within the same catchment, supporting process understanding.
人为压力改变了世界各地河流的水文形态特征。环境指导原则对于规划可持续的河流恢复措施至关重要。位于俄罗斯阿尔泰山脉的阿尔卑斯河比亚发源于特列茨科耶湖,在比斯克附近与卡顿河汇合,形成鄂毕邦。比亚代表了一个处于人类成因“最少干扰”条件下的水文形态参考系统。本研究旨在利用遥感信息(ASTER GDEM v3),基于一种适用的景观读取方法,评估河流的原状形态与三个不同河段的地质历史的关系。利用活动河道、活动洪泛区和形态洪泛区的既定宽度以及纵剖面来解释比亚上、中、下三者之间的差异。根据形态参数的分析,结果证实了比亚上游与其他两个伸展段之间地质起源的差异,前者此前被描述为最不发达和最窄的伸展段。形态漫滩宽度可以最好地解释比亚上游(0-86公里)、中部(86-196公里)和下游(196-301公里)之间的差异。该研究进一步表明,河流形态的变化与相邻地形结构(山谷限制、支流相互作用)之间存在明显的关系,强调任何对河流形态的评估都必须考虑河流河段的更广阔环境。对比亚河的形态观测和分析表明,易于获得的参数可以检测同一流域内河段形态历史的差异,支持对过程的理解。
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引用次数: 4
Hydrochemical And Bacterial Properties Of Water Bodies Of The East European Plain During Low Water Period 东欧平原低潮期水体的水化学和细菌特性
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-061
V. Tikhonov, Diana R. Koriytchuk, A. Yakushev, V. Cheptsov, M. Karpukhin, R. A. Aimaletdinov, O. Drozdova
This paper is devoted to the study of the chemical and biological properties of river waters and the relationship between them. We examined the hydrochemical and bacterial properties of surface water in 3 waterbodies: the Mezha River, a pond in Zapovedny village (Central Forest Nature Reserve, Tver Oblast) and the lower reaches of the Don River (Rostov Oblast). The biodiversity of bacteria was determined based on their growth on dissolved organic matter (DOM). Among bacterioplankton capable of growing on DOM as the only source of carbon, the predominant species in the Don River were Pseudomonas and Deinococcus, in the Mezha River – Pseudomonas and Janthinobacterium, in the pond – Arcicella. In terms of sanitary and microbiological indicators, none of the waterbodies complied with the Sanitary Rules and Regulations 1.2.3685-21 for surface waters. The content of most of the studied elements and heterotrophic bacteria in stagnant waterbodies was lower than in flowing streams. The concentration and activity of heterotrophic bacteria in the studied waters correlated positively with the content of biophilic elements in them and negatively with the absence of a current. We showed that there is a strong correlation between bacterial and chemical indicators due to common factors: eutrophication, features of the physical and geographical conditions of the territory, and the presence of a current or animal waste products.
本文致力于研究河水的化学和生物特性以及它们之间的关系。我们检测了3个水体中地表水的水化学和细菌特性:Mezha河、Zapovedny村的一个池塘(特维尔州中央森林自然保护区)和顿河下游(罗斯托夫州)。细菌的生物多样性是根据它们在溶解有机物(DOM)上的生长来确定的。在能够在DOM上生长的浮游细菌中,DOM是唯一的碳源,顿河的主要物种是假单胞菌和Deinococcus,Mezha河的Pseudomonas和Janthinobacterium,池塘的Arcicella。就卫生和微生物指标而言,没有一个水体符合地表水卫生规则和条例1.2.3685-21。停滞水体中大多数研究元素和异养细菌的含量低于流动水体中的含量。所研究水域中异养细菌的浓度和活性与其中亲生物元素的含量呈正相关,与没有电流呈负相关。我们发现,由于共同的因素,细菌和化学指标之间存在很强的相关性:富营养化、领土的物理和地理条件特征,以及当前或动物废物的存在。
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Geography, Environment, Sustainability
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