The objective of this research on the relationship between urbanization and road networks in the lower Northeastern region of Thailand was to compare the urban area in 2006, 2013 and 2016 using nighttime light satellite images from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), acquired by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP/OLS) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP). After that the relationship between urbanization and road network was identified using nighttime light satellite images from these satellites. The nighttime light data was used to determine the urbanization levels, which were then compared with Landsat 8 Satellite images taken in 2016 in order to find the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results indicated that areas with high urbanization identified from the nighttime light satellite images taken by the Suomi NPP Satellite had a day/night band reflectance of 172-255 indicated and were located primarily along the roads. The analysis of these data suggested that urbanization has a significantly positive relationship with the road network at 0.01 level, with R2 values of 0.800 for urbanization and 0.985 for the road network.
{"title":"Relationship Between Urbanization And Road Networks In The Lower Northeastern Region Of Thailand Using Nighttime Light Satellite Imagery","authors":"Nayot Kulpanich, Morakot Worachairungreung, K. Waiyasusri, Pornperm Sae-ngow, Pornsmith Chaysmithikul, Kunyaphat Thanakunwutthirot","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2021-096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-096","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research on the relationship between urbanization and road networks in the lower Northeastern region of Thailand was to compare the urban area in 2006, 2013 and 2016 using nighttime light satellite images from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), acquired by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP/OLS) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP). After that the relationship between urbanization and road network was identified using nighttime light satellite images from these satellites. The nighttime light data was used to determine the urbanization levels, which were then compared with Landsat 8 Satellite images taken in 2016 in order to find the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results indicated that areas with high urbanization identified from the nighttime light satellite images taken by the Suomi NPP Satellite had a day/night band reflectance of 172-255 indicated and were located primarily along the roads. The analysis of these data suggested that urbanization has a significantly positive relationship with the road network at 0.01 level, with R2 values of 0.800 for urbanization and 0.985 for the road network.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49102955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-105
A. Vasilenko, D. Magritsky, N. Frolova, Artem I. Shevchenko
The heat flux of the large rivers flowing into the Arctic seas of Russia plays an essential role in the thermal and ice regime of the lower reaches of these rivers and the southern part of the Arctic seas. However, estimates of the total value of heat flux and its spatial-temporal distribution require clarification. In this research, we analyzed monthly, and yearly water temperature data from 55 gauges and water flow data from 35 gauges in the lower reaches of the rivers of the Russian Arctic northerner of 60 N. These rivers are: Onega, Northern Dvina, Mezen, Pechora, Ob, Nadym, Pur, Taz, Yenisei, Khatanga, Anabar, Olenek, Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Alazeya, Kolyma and their main tributaries. The collected data series covers 1930-2018, focusing more on 1960–2018. We used Spearman trend tests and Mann-Whitney U-test to clarify changes in the thermal regime of study rivers. Our estimations showed that heat flux did not significantly increase in the past three decades on most rivers except Yenisei and Yana lowlands. Water temperatures on rivers monotonically increased after 1960, especially in May and June, but without statistical significance. The role of dams in the water temperature regime is observed for nearly 500 km lower dams, but it is not observed in their lowlands and mouths. We also identified the decrease in water temperatures and heat flux in river lowlands, estuaries and deltas up to 25% for Yenisei lowlands.
{"title":"Long-Term Heat Flux Formation Of The Large Russian Arctic Rivers And Its Transformations In Estuaries Under The Influence Of Climate-Induced And Dam-Induced Effects","authors":"A. Vasilenko, D. Magritsky, N. Frolova, Artem I. Shevchenko","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-105","url":null,"abstract":"The heat flux of the large rivers flowing into the Arctic seas of Russia plays an essential role in the thermal and ice regime of the lower reaches of these rivers and the southern part of the Arctic seas. However, estimates of the total value of heat flux and its spatial-temporal distribution require clarification. In this research, we analyzed monthly, and yearly water temperature data from 55 gauges and water flow data from 35 gauges in the lower reaches of the rivers of the Russian Arctic northerner of 60 N. These rivers are: Onega, Northern Dvina, Mezen, Pechora, Ob, Nadym, Pur, Taz, Yenisei, Khatanga, Anabar, Olenek, Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Alazeya, Kolyma and their main tributaries. The collected data series covers 1930-2018, focusing more on 1960–2018. We used Spearman trend tests and Mann-Whitney U-test to clarify changes in the thermal regime of study rivers. Our estimations showed that heat flux did not significantly increase in the past three decades on most rivers except Yenisei and Yana lowlands. Water temperatures on rivers monotonically increased after 1960, especially in May and June, but without statistical significance. The role of dams in the water temperature regime is observed for nearly 500 km lower dams, but it is not observed in their lowlands and mouths. We also identified the decrease in water temperatures and heat flux in river lowlands, estuaries and deltas up to 25% for Yenisei lowlands.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48582079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-020
A. Tsyplenkov, S. Chalov, Markus Eder, H. Habersack
This paper provides a short overview of the large river research topics discussed during the 4th World’s Large Rivers Conference and submitted to the Geography Environment Sustainability special issue. The various aspects of hydrology, sediment transport and river morphology issues are presented based on case studies from Eurasia and Africa.
{"title":"Large Rivers Hydrology And Sediment Transport","authors":"A. Tsyplenkov, S. Chalov, Markus Eder, H. Habersack","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-020","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a short overview of the large river research topics discussed during the 4th World’s Large Rivers Conference and submitted to the Geography Environment Sustainability special issue. The various aspects of hydrology, sediment transport and river morphology issues are presented based on case studies from Eurasia and Africa.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45924392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-035
N. Yaitskaya, I. Sheverdyaev
The article describes the methodology for constructing digital elevation models for the vast delta areas of the Don and Volga rivers for further use in mathematical models of flooding from surges. The initial cartographic data and features of the delta regions are described. The methods of information processing are considered in detail. An algorithm for constructing a DEM has been developed to obtain highly detailed digital elevation models. The algorithm is based on combining the DEM of individual key features - land, the depths of the hydrographic network and the bathymetry of the receiving reservoir for the river. The topographic maps, maps of the navigable route depths, hydrographic maps, and satellite images Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 were used to create the DEM of the Don and Volga river. To build individual DEMs, a raster of the absolute depth of the channels, a hydrography DEM, a land DEM, and a shelf DEM were created using geoinformation systems. To assess the possibility of using obtained DEMs in hydrological models based on HEC-RAS, we conducted training and verification calculations of water level during wind surge phenomena in Don Delta using different surface roughness coefficients. The calculation results show good reproducibility of observed water level fluctuation in the Don Delta using obtained DEM with a roughness coefficient of 0.0125. Also, we carried out similar calculations of storm surge phenomena in the Volga Delta using obtained DEM and combinations of various riverbed and not riverbed roughness coefficients. The combination of 0.007 for riverbed and 0.02 for not riverbed surfaces reproduces the observed water level fluctuation during storm surge phenomena in Volga Delta. The constructed DEMs for the Volga and Don deltas made it possible to reproduce the observed dynamics of river discharges and water level fluctuations during surge events. Such detailed DEMs, taking into account all the complexity of the coastal and delta relief, were created for the first time for the Volga and Don.
{"title":"Digital Elevation Model Development Of The Volga And Don River’s Delta And Application In Hydrological Modeling","authors":"N. Yaitskaya, I. Sheverdyaev","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-035","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the methodology for constructing digital elevation models for the vast delta areas of the Don and Volga rivers for further use in mathematical models of flooding from surges. The initial cartographic data and features of the delta regions are described. The methods of information processing are considered in detail. An algorithm for constructing a DEM has been developed to obtain highly detailed digital elevation models. The algorithm is based on combining the DEM of individual key features - land, the depths of the hydrographic network and the bathymetry of the receiving reservoir for the river. The topographic maps, maps of the navigable route depths, hydrographic maps, and satellite images Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 were used to create the DEM of the Don and Volga river. To build individual DEMs, a raster of the absolute depth of the channels, a hydrography DEM, a land DEM, and a shelf DEM were created using geoinformation systems. To assess the possibility of using obtained DEMs in hydrological models based on HEC-RAS, we conducted training and verification calculations of water level during wind surge phenomena in Don Delta using different surface roughness coefficients. The calculation results show good reproducibility of observed water level fluctuation in the Don Delta using obtained DEM with a roughness coefficient of 0.0125. Also, we carried out similar calculations of storm surge phenomena in the Volga Delta using obtained DEM and combinations of various riverbed and not riverbed roughness coefficients. The combination of 0.007 for riverbed and 0.02 for not riverbed surfaces reproduces the observed water level fluctuation during storm surge phenomena in Volga Delta. The constructed DEMs for the Volga and Don deltas made it possible to reproduce the observed dynamics of river discharges and water level fluctuations during surge events. Such detailed DEMs, taking into account all the complexity of the coastal and delta relief, were created for the first time for the Volga and Don.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45064344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-077
N. Mazhar, Kanwal Javid, M. A. N. Akram, Amna Afzal, Kiran Hamayon, Adeel Ahmad
Anthropogenic activities can greatly influence the lake ecosystems across the globe. Within these ecosystems, the impacts of human activities are most evident on sedimentation, light and nutrient availability, and disturbance frequency. There have been times of natural environmental healing of reservoirs and the present research aims to explore the variations in the water quality of Tarbela reservoir, Pakistan the largest rock-filled dam of the world, from 1990 to 2020. Landsat imagery (Landsat 4-5, 5, 7 and 8) was used to monitor Land Use Land Cover (LULC), Normalized Difference Chlorophyll Index (NDCI), Normalized Difference Turbidity Index (NDTI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) in Tarbela reservoir, and its surrounding area from 1990−2020, on decadal interval. The results indicated a significant increase in built-up area, of about 630 km2 , in the western and eastern parts of the reservoir, whereas turbidity level, revealed a substantial decline with 4% decrease observed in the last decade, 2010-2020 thus confirming improved water quality. The study also presented expanse in the spatial coverage of chlorophyll index and water index, indicating increase in residence time of the water. It is concluded that the water quality continued to deteriorate with time, however, 2020 was a year of environmental healing and there was an overall water quality improvement of the reservoir observed. The study recommends policies to be formulated for sediment flushing and turbidity reduction for longer time duration to enhance the life of this mega reservoir.
{"title":"Index-Based Spatiotemporal Assesment Of Water Quality In Tarbela Reservoir, Pakistan (1990−2020)","authors":"N. Mazhar, Kanwal Javid, M. A. N. Akram, Amna Afzal, Kiran Hamayon, Adeel Ahmad","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-077","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic activities can greatly influence the lake ecosystems across the globe. Within these ecosystems, the impacts of human activities are most evident on sedimentation, light and nutrient availability, and disturbance frequency. There have been times of natural environmental healing of reservoirs and the present research aims to explore the variations in the water quality of Tarbela reservoir, Pakistan the largest rock-filled dam of the world, from 1990 to 2020. Landsat imagery (Landsat 4-5, 5, 7 and 8) was used to monitor Land Use Land Cover (LULC), Normalized Difference Chlorophyll Index (NDCI), Normalized Difference Turbidity Index (NDTI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) in Tarbela reservoir, and its surrounding area from 1990−2020, on decadal interval. The results indicated a significant increase in built-up area, of about 630 km2 , in the western and eastern parts of the reservoir, whereas turbidity level, revealed a substantial decline with 4% decrease observed in the last decade, 2010-2020 thus confirming improved water quality. The study also presented expanse in the spatial coverage of chlorophyll index and water index, indicating increase in residence time of the water. It is concluded that the water quality continued to deteriorate with time, however, 2020 was a year of environmental healing and there was an overall water quality improvement of the reservoir observed. The study recommends policies to be formulated for sediment flushing and turbidity reduction for longer time duration to enhance the life of this mega reservoir.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49325180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2021-098
D. K. Houteta, K. Atchonouglo, J. Adounkpe, B. Diwediga, Y. Lombo, K. Kpemoua, K. Agboka
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has predicted that sub-tropical regions are more vulnerable to climate change’s negative effects (CC). Additionally, to CC, land use and land cover (LULC) changes and dam construction, often neglected, play an important role in the spatial and temporal distribution of water balance components (WBC) for agricultural production and socio-ecological equilibrium. This study aimed to analyze and compare the changes in LULC and WBC for the period before Nangbéto dam construction (1964–1986) and the period after its construction (1988–2010) in the Mono River Basin (MRB). To this end, the study used mainly WBC extracted from the validated Soil and Water Assessment Tool and LULC data of 1975–2000 in the MRB to explore their temporal distributions and the link in their changes. The results showed that mean actual monthly evapotranspiration, percolation, water yield, surface runoff, groundwater, and lateral flow represent 51%, 17.5%, 15.9%, 9.4%; 5.7% and 0.4%, respectively, of total water balance between 1964 and 1986. The same components represented 51%, 9.1%, 20.4%, 6.3%, 10.6% and 2.6%, respectively, between 1988 and 2010. The contribution of these WBC in the mean-annual (1964–1986) period was for actual evapotranspiration (31.3%), water yield (25.9%), percolation (17.7%), groundwater (14.71%), surface runoff (9.94%) and lateral flow (0.40%). Meanwhile, between 1988 and 2010, the contribution of actual evapotranspiration, water yield, percolation, groundwater, surface runoff and lateral flow is 49.8%,19.9%, 11.2%, 10.3%, 6.1%, and 2.5%, respectively. The results showed that the peaks of the actual evapotranspiration, surface runoff, percolation and water yield appeared in September, corresponding to a month after the maximum rainfall in August. However, our more detailed analysis showed that a significant decrease in forest and savanna and an increase in croplands led to a decrease in actual evapotranspiration and lateral flow over the second simulation period compared to the first period of simulation over the MRB scale. These findings showed that sustainable management and conservation of natural vegetation are crucial for integrated water resource management and conservation in MRB.
{"title":"Changes In Land Use/ Cover And Water Balance Components During 1964–2010 Period In The Mono River Basin, Togo-Benin","authors":"D. K. Houteta, K. Atchonouglo, J. Adounkpe, B. Diwediga, Y. Lombo, K. Kpemoua, K. Agboka","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2021-098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-098","url":null,"abstract":"The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has predicted that sub-tropical regions are more vulnerable to climate change’s negative effects (CC). Additionally, to CC, land use and land cover (LULC) changes and dam construction, often neglected, play an important role in the spatial and temporal distribution of water balance components (WBC) for agricultural production and socio-ecological equilibrium. This study aimed to analyze and compare the changes in LULC and WBC for the period before Nangbéto dam construction (1964–1986) and the period after its construction (1988–2010) in the Mono River Basin (MRB). To this end, the study used mainly WBC extracted from the validated Soil and Water Assessment Tool and LULC data of 1975–2000 in the MRB to explore their temporal distributions and the link in their changes. The results showed that mean actual monthly evapotranspiration, percolation, water yield, surface runoff, groundwater, and lateral flow represent 51%, 17.5%, 15.9%, 9.4%; 5.7% and 0.4%, respectively, of total water balance between 1964 and 1986. The same components represented 51%, 9.1%, 20.4%, 6.3%, 10.6% and 2.6%, respectively, between 1988 and 2010. The contribution of these WBC in the mean-annual (1964–1986) period was for actual evapotranspiration (31.3%), water yield (25.9%), percolation (17.7%), groundwater (14.71%), surface runoff (9.94%) and lateral flow (0.40%). Meanwhile, between 1988 and 2010, the contribution of actual evapotranspiration, water yield, percolation, groundwater, surface runoff and lateral flow is 49.8%,19.9%, 11.2%, 10.3%, 6.1%, and 2.5%, respectively. The results showed that the peaks of the actual evapotranspiration, surface runoff, percolation and water yield appeared in September, corresponding to a month after the maximum rainfall in August. However, our more detailed analysis showed that a significant decrease in forest and savanna and an increase in croplands led to a decrease in actual evapotranspiration and lateral flow over the second simulation period compared to the first period of simulation over the MRB scale. These findings showed that sustainable management and conservation of natural vegetation are crucial for integrated water resource management and conservation in MRB.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46042342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-098
Ellina D. Zaharova, V. Belyaev
Unraveling sources of sediment supply, their temporal and spatial variability is of key importance to determine origin of deposits and to explore the formation mechanism of Selenga Delta landscape units. From an environmental point of view this solution would help to identify the particle-bound pollution sources. We used geochemical fingerprinting (the FingerPro R package), which is a modern quantitative implementation of the method of sedimentary provenance analysis. The main aim was to recognize the main patterns of sediment and associated particle-bound pollutants transport and deposition within the delta. At the old floodplain from 55% to 90% of sediments were delivered from the eroded floodplain and terrace banks upstream and only about 10-15% originates from the remote basin sources. Sedimentary environment in the Khlystov Zaton reveals a greater variety than on the floodplains. 40% of sediments from the upper 5 cm-layer originated from the flood, taking place in 2013, and 30% were the product of floodplain and terraces banks erosion. Nevertheless, analysis of the fine-grained component of suspended sediment sets the material from eroded floodplain banks as the dominant source of accumulation within the delta. This means that the self-absorption is the leading process in the Selenga delta at the moment. Heavy metals and metalloids accumulates in the lower reaches of the Selenga on the floodplain surface, deltaic lakes and oxbows during high floods. Runoff decrease during floods can lead to the release of pollutants into the Lake Baikal.
{"title":"Contribution Of The Different Sources To The Formation Of Alluvial Sediments In The Selenga River Delta. (Eastern Siberia, Russia)","authors":"Ellina D. Zaharova, V. Belyaev","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-098","url":null,"abstract":"Unraveling sources of sediment supply, their temporal and spatial variability is of key importance to determine origin of deposits and to explore the formation mechanism of Selenga Delta landscape units. From an environmental point of view this solution would help to identify the particle-bound pollution sources. We used geochemical fingerprinting (the FingerPro R package), which is a modern quantitative implementation of the method of sedimentary provenance analysis. The main aim was to recognize the main patterns of sediment and associated particle-bound pollutants transport and deposition within the delta. At the old floodplain from 55% to 90% of sediments were delivered from the eroded floodplain and terrace banks upstream and only about 10-15% originates from the remote basin sources. Sedimentary environment in the Khlystov Zaton reveals a greater variety than on the floodplains. 40% of sediments from the upper 5 cm-layer originated from the flood, taking place in 2013, and 30% were the product of floodplain and terraces banks erosion. Nevertheless, analysis of the fine-grained component of suspended sediment sets the material from eroded floodplain banks as the dominant source of accumulation within the delta. This means that the self-absorption is the leading process in the Selenga delta at the moment. Heavy metals and metalloids accumulates in the lower reaches of the Selenga on the floodplain surface, deltaic lakes and oxbows during high floods. Runoff decrease during floods can lead to the release of pollutants into the Lake Baikal.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49158440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-049
A. Reut, S. Denisova
Heavy metals are generally recognized as primary soil pollutants. The most active pollutants are their mobile forms, which can migrate from a solid state into soil solutions and become absorbed by plants. The aim of this work was to study the features of heavy metal accumulation in the aboveground and underground parts of the Paeonia L. genus representatives in the urbanized environment of Ufa. The research considered four species and three varieties of hybrid paeony. The elemental composition of the aboveground and underground parts was analyzed using the method «Determination of As, Pb, Cd, Sn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni in samples of food products and food raw materials by the atomic absorption method with electrothermal atomization». Eight elements were studied for each raw material group and their concentrations were determined in mmol/ kg of air-dry raw material. The minimum concentrations of arsenic, chromium, manganese, and iron were observed in the roots; lead, cadmium, and copper − in the leaves; nickel − in the flowers of the studied paeonies. The maximum content of arsenic and chromium was found in leaves; lead, nickel, manganese, and iron − in stems; cadmium and copper − in flowers. The results of the correlation analysis showed that there is a moderate or strong relationship between the concentrations of the studied elements in the considered taxa of paeonies.
{"title":"Features Of The First Hazard Class Elements Accumulation By Plants Of The Paeonia L. Genus","authors":"A. Reut, S. Denisova","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-049","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals are generally recognized as primary soil pollutants. The most active pollutants are their mobile forms, which can migrate from a solid state into soil solutions and become absorbed by plants. The aim of this work was to study the features of heavy metal accumulation in the aboveground and underground parts of the Paeonia L. genus representatives in the urbanized environment of Ufa. The research considered four species and three varieties of hybrid paeony. The elemental composition of the aboveground and underground parts was analyzed using the method «Determination of As, Pb, Cd, Sn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni in samples of food products and food raw materials by the atomic absorption method with electrothermal atomization». Eight elements were studied for each raw material group and their concentrations were determined in mmol/ kg of air-dry raw material. The minimum concentrations of arsenic, chromium, manganese, and iron were observed in the roots; lead, cadmium, and copper − in the leaves; nickel − in the flowers of the studied paeonies. The maximum content of arsenic and chromium was found in leaves; lead, nickel, manganese, and iron − in stems; cadmium and copper − in flowers. The results of the correlation analysis showed that there is a moderate or strong relationship between the concentrations of the studied elements in the considered taxa of paeonies.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46538687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-046
L. Schmalfuß, C. Hauer, L. Yanygina, M. Schletterer
Anthropogenic stressors have altered the hydromorphological characteristics of rivers worldwide. Environmental guiding principles are essential for planning sustainable river restoration measures. The alpine river Biya, located in the Russian Altai mountains, originates from Lake Teletskoye and joins the Katun near Biysk, forming the Ob. The Biya represents a hydromorphological reference system in anthropogenically ‘least-disturbed’ condition. The presented study aimed to assess the river’s undisturbed morphology in relationship with the geological history of three different river stretches based on an adapted landscape reading approach using remote sensing information (ASTER GDEM v3). The established widths of the active channel, active floodplain and morphological floodplain as well as the longitudinal section were used to explain the differences between upper, middle, and lower Biya. The results confirm differences in the geological origins between the upper Biya, which has previously been described as the least developed and narrowest, and the other two stretches based on the analyses of morphological parameters. Morphological floodplain width could best explain the differences between upper (0-86 km), middle (86-196 km), and lower Biya (196-301 km). The study further showed a clear relationship between the variations in river patterns and adjacent topographic structures (valley confinements, tributary interactions), highlighting that any assessment of river morphology must consider the wider surroundings of a river stretch. The presented morphological observations and analyses of the Biya show that easily obtainable parameters can detect differences in the morphological history of river stretches within the same catchment, supporting process understanding.
{"title":"Landscape Reading for Alpine Rivers: A Case Study from the river Biya","authors":"L. Schmalfuß, C. Hauer, L. Yanygina, M. Schletterer","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-046","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic stressors have altered the hydromorphological characteristics of rivers worldwide. Environmental guiding principles are essential for planning sustainable river restoration measures. The alpine river Biya, located in the Russian Altai mountains, originates from Lake Teletskoye and joins the Katun near Biysk, forming the Ob. The Biya represents a hydromorphological reference system in anthropogenically ‘least-disturbed’ condition. The presented study aimed to assess the river’s undisturbed morphology in relationship with the geological history of three different river stretches based on an adapted landscape reading approach using remote sensing information (ASTER GDEM v3). The established widths of the active channel, active floodplain and morphological floodplain as well as the longitudinal section were used to explain the differences between upper, middle, and lower Biya. The results confirm differences in the geological origins between the upper Biya, which has previously been described as the least developed and narrowest, and the other two stretches based on the analyses of morphological parameters. Morphological floodplain width could best explain the differences between upper (0-86 km), middle (86-196 km), and lower Biya (196-301 km). The study further showed a clear relationship between the variations in river patterns and adjacent topographic structures (valley confinements, tributary interactions), highlighting that any assessment of river morphology must consider the wider surroundings of a river stretch. The presented morphological observations and analyses of the Biya show that easily obtainable parameters can detect differences in the morphological history of river stretches within the same catchment, supporting process understanding.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47669089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2022-061
V. Tikhonov, Diana R. Koriytchuk, A. Yakushev, V. Cheptsov, M. Karpukhin, R. A. Aimaletdinov, O. Drozdova
This paper is devoted to the study of the chemical and biological properties of river waters and the relationship between them. We examined the hydrochemical and bacterial properties of surface water in 3 waterbodies: the Mezha River, a pond in Zapovedny village (Central Forest Nature Reserve, Tver Oblast) and the lower reaches of the Don River (Rostov Oblast). The biodiversity of bacteria was determined based on their growth on dissolved organic matter (DOM). Among bacterioplankton capable of growing on DOM as the only source of carbon, the predominant species in the Don River were Pseudomonas and Deinococcus, in the Mezha River – Pseudomonas and Janthinobacterium, in the pond – Arcicella. In terms of sanitary and microbiological indicators, none of the waterbodies complied with the Sanitary Rules and Regulations 1.2.3685-21 for surface waters. The content of most of the studied elements and heterotrophic bacteria in stagnant waterbodies was lower than in flowing streams. The concentration and activity of heterotrophic bacteria in the studied waters correlated positively with the content of biophilic elements in them and negatively with the absence of a current. We showed that there is a strong correlation between bacterial and chemical indicators due to common factors: eutrophication, features of the physical and geographical conditions of the territory, and the presence of a current or animal waste products.
{"title":"Hydrochemical And Bacterial Properties Of Water Bodies Of The East European Plain During Low Water Period","authors":"V. Tikhonov, Diana R. Koriytchuk, A. Yakushev, V. Cheptsov, M. Karpukhin, R. A. Aimaletdinov, O. Drozdova","doi":"10.24057/2071-9388-2022-061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-061","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is devoted to the study of the chemical and biological properties of river waters and the relationship between them. We examined the hydrochemical and bacterial properties of surface water in 3 waterbodies: the Mezha River, a pond in Zapovedny village (Central Forest Nature Reserve, Tver Oblast) and the lower reaches of the Don River (Rostov Oblast). The biodiversity of bacteria was determined based on their growth on dissolved organic matter (DOM). Among bacterioplankton capable of growing on DOM as the only source of carbon, the predominant species in the Don River were Pseudomonas and Deinococcus, in the Mezha River – Pseudomonas and Janthinobacterium, in the pond – Arcicella. In terms of sanitary and microbiological indicators, none of the waterbodies complied with the Sanitary Rules and Regulations 1.2.3685-21 for surface waters. The content of most of the studied elements and heterotrophic bacteria in stagnant waterbodies was lower than in flowing streams. The concentration and activity of heterotrophic bacteria in the studied waters correlated positively with the content of biophilic elements in them and negatively with the absence of a current. We showed that there is a strong correlation between bacterial and chemical indicators due to common factors: eutrophication, features of the physical and geographical conditions of the territory, and the presence of a current or animal waste products.","PeriodicalId":37517,"journal":{"name":"Geography, Environment, Sustainability","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46642558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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