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In the Footsteps of Graphicons: Tracing Parameters and Pragmatic Strategies in Graphicon Usage 在Graphicon的足迹:追踪Graphicon使用中的参数和语用策略
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0021
Ina Vishogradska-Meyer
Abstract The textual intercourse in computer-mediated communication is intertwined with graphicons of various forms, gaining new meanings and functions. They are part of the online culture and, specifically, part of the communicative skills in digital environment. In many cases, graphicons are used not as signs of emotion but rather as indication of the illocutionary force of the textual utterances that they accompany. The current work endeavours to reveal the specific aspect of language use where iconoid objects “take over” and substitute textual utterances. The paper also attempts to trace to what extent pragmatics could be applicable in the analysis of the visual representations (i.e. graphicons) embodied in computer-mediated communication as means of communicative acts. The different graphicon forms and the dynamics in the usage carry additional challenge for the interpretation of the “visual” act. However, it is possible to systematically trace a pattern in the occurrence of the graphicons – their use as a complementary to a written statement, and their use as a single communicative act.
计算机媒介传播中的文本交往与各种形式的图形交织在一起,获得了新的意义和功能。它们是网络文化的一部分,特别是数字环境中沟通技巧的一部分。在许多情况下,图形符号不是作为情感的符号,而是作为伴随它们的文本话语的言外之力的指示。目前的工作努力揭示语言使用的具体方面,其中象形对象“接管”和替代文本话语。本文还试图追溯语用学在分析作为交际行为手段的以计算机为媒介的交际中所体现的视觉表征(即图形)时的适用范围。不同的图形形式和使用中的动态为“视觉”行为的解释带来了额外的挑战。然而,有可能系统地追踪图形符号出现的模式——它们作为书面陈述的补充,以及它们作为单一交流行为的使用。
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引用次数: 0
World Literature and Translation in Persian Literature Textbooks 波斯文学教材中的世界文学与翻译
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0026
Nazanin Shadman, Mir Mohammad Khademnabi
Abstract Persian literature textbooks, designed, compiled, and distributed by a state bureau run by the Ministry of Education, Organization for Educational Research and Planning, also have sections on the theory and practice of translating world literature. The current study deals with those passages, how they are represented and how they are consequently interpreted in the light of Venuti’s conceptualization of domesticating and foreignizing translation. It is aimed to understand the status, significance, and visibility of translators in the corpus under study. The results of content analysis for the five high school literature textbooks (grades 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12) indicate a strong sense of domestication and appropriation by the compilers of the textbooks. The following strategies are recognized to have the largest share in the textbooks: no mention of the name of the translator, Iranization, and appropriation. The strategies are followed by samples for each theme. The paper concludes that the polyphonic world promised to be achieved by studying foreign and world literature is not, therefore, attained in such a context, as the emphasis is ultimately on the target ideologies and worldviews. The study also sheds doubt on the assumption that domestication is confined to the so-called imperialistic cultures like the Anglo-American.
摘要波斯文学教科书由教育部下属的国家教育研究与规划组织设计、编纂和发行,其中也有关于世界文学翻译理论和实践的章节。本文从维努蒂的归化和异化翻译的概念出发,探讨了这些篇章的表现方式及其解释。旨在了解译者在所研究的语料库中的地位、意义和可见性。对6、7、8、9、10、11、12年级5本高中文学教材的内容分析结果表明,教材编纂者具有强烈的归化和挪用意识。以下策略被认为在教科书中占有最大的份额:不提及译者的名字,伊朗化和挪用。每个主题的示例都遵循这些策略。本文的结论是,在这样的背景下,研究外国文学和世界文学所承诺的复调世界并没有实现,因为重点最终是在目标意识形态和世界观上。该研究还对驯化仅限于英美等所谓帝国主义文化的假设提出了质疑。
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引用次数: 0
Crisis and Language in Ray Bradbury’s The Last Night of the World 雷·布拉德伯里《世界最后的夜晚》中的危机与语言
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0018
Zsuzsanna Ajtony
Abstract Language use in social crisis situations is usually described as being highly ideological, and it exhibits features of affect involving the use of negative evaluation of the perceived social enemies. The present study aims to explore the characters’ language use in Ray Bradbury’s short story entitled The Last Night of the World from a pragma-stylistic perspective. The fictional dialogue that takes place between the two protagonists creates and reflects the dynamics between them, where the unspeakable is only inferred rather than communicated. The analysis reveals special features of verbal communication in a crisis situation, especially focusing on the lexical and morphosyntactic properties, as well as on the verbal interaction and cooperation between the characters revealing their alignment. The results of the analysis prove that the verbal and non-verbal communication between the protagonists do not show the features described in crisis communication; therefore, the text of the story can be interpreted as subverting the generic language use in a critical situation.
在社会危机情境下的语言使用通常被描述为高度意识形态化的,它表现出情感特征,包括对所感知的社会敌人使用负面评价。本研究旨在从语用文体学的角度探讨雷·布拉德伯里短篇小说《世界最后的夜晚》中人物的语言使用。发生在两位主角之间的虚构对话创造并反映了他们之间的动态,在这里,不可言说的只是推断,而不是交流。分析揭示了危机情境下言语交际的特点,特别关注词汇和形态句法特征,以及人物之间的言语互动和合作,揭示了他们的一致性。分析结果表明,主人公之间的言语交际和非言语交际并没有表现出危机交际的特征;因此,故事的文本可以理解为在危急情况下颠覆一般语言的使用。
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引用次数: 0
Change(s) in Vocabulary(/ies) – Hungarian and Romanian Lexical Phenomena During COVID 词汇变化-新冠疫情期间匈牙利语和罗马尼亚语词汇现象
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0028
Enikő Biró, Gabriella Kovács, I. Nagy
Abstract The COVID-19 epidemic caused not only an unprecedented crisis in our lives but also changes in our language use and word formation habits: this new disease and its cures have naturally led to the emergence of new concepts and names. In 2020, more and more words or phrases related to the COVID-19 epidemic appeared in the public sphere as a result of COVID-related publications issued by the World Health Organization, regulations issued by the authorities of the countries, news in the press, and endless debates in the social media. This study examines the lexicalization processes and semantic shifts generated by the COVID epidemic, as we aim to examine professional and colloquial developments in pandemic-inspired terminology. We analyse the changes that have taken place in the Hungarian and Romanian language environment, while also taking into account the English language elements as a background reference. Among the most notable lexico-semantic phenomena, we have identified word coinages, changes of meaning, and varied word formation techniques which have fostered the processes of lexicalization and neologism creation, revealing an impressive linguistic dynamic at the level of public discourse.
新冠肺炎疫情不仅给我们的生活带来了前所未有的危机,也改变了我们的语言使用和构词习惯:这种新的疾病及其治疗方法自然导致了新的概念和名称的出现。2020年,由于世界卫生组织发布的新冠疫情相关出版物、各国当局发布的法规、媒体上的新闻以及社交媒体上无休止的争论,公共领域出现了越来越多的新冠疫情相关词汇或短语。本研究考察了COVID流行病产生的词汇化过程和语义变化,因为我们的目标是考察受大流行影响的术语的专业和口语发展。我们分析了匈牙利语和罗马尼亚语环境中发生的变化,同时也考虑到英语语言元素作为背景参考。在最显著的词汇语义现象中,我们发现了新词、词义变化和各种构词法,这些现象促进了词汇化和新词创造的过程,揭示了公共话语层面令人印象深刻的语言动态。
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引用次数: 1
Changes and Perspectives in Teacher Training Methodology 教师培训方法论的变化与展望
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0013
Katalin Harangus, Z. Horváth, Gabriella Kovács
Abstract School closures induced by the COVID-19 crisis have led to the rethinking and reshaping of teacher training considering the norms of online and blended learning, and the pressure to embrace the possibilities offered by information and communications technology. We propose to examine the new perspectives and necessary changes related to three domains in which our institution – the Teacher Training Institute of Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences – offers training: foreign languages, social sciences, and engineering. Different areas of education have been affected in different ways by the pandemic. In language teaching, familiarity with pre-existing platforms and programs helped the transition to online education. In the field of social sciences, the transfer of theoretical information did not cause any particular problems, but the development of interpersonal relationships, interactivity, and communication became more difficult. In the domain of engineering, practical education has become nearly impossible, as in order to develop certain practical skills students need access to laboratories equipped with special tools, devices, and instruments. In our study, we will focus on ways of updating and developing our methodology courses based on new paradigms and good practices presented in the specialized literature, also reflecting on feedback received from our teacher trainees related to their difficulties and needs revealed by the shift to online teaching.
COVID-19危机导致的学校关闭导致教师培训的重新思考和重塑,考虑到在线和混合学习的规范,以及接受信息和通信技术提供的可能性的压力。我们建议研究与我们的机构- -特兰西瓦尼亚匈牙利大学技术和人文科学学院的教师培训学院- -提供培训的三个领域有关的新观点和必要的变化:外语、社会科学和工程。不同的教育领域以不同的方式受到这一流行病的影响。在语言教学中,熟悉已有的平台和程序有助于向在线教育过渡。在社会科学领域,理论信息的传递并没有引起什么特别的问题,但人际关系的发展、互动性和沟通变得更加困难。在工程领域,实践教育几乎是不可能的,因为为了发展某些实践技能,学生需要进入配备有特殊工具、设备和仪器的实验室。在我们的研究中,我们将重点关注如何根据专业文献中提出的新范式和良好实践来更新和发展我们的方法论课程,并反思从我们的培训教师那里收到的反馈,这些反馈与他们的困难和在线教学的转变所揭示的需求有关。
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引用次数: 2
Virolinguistics: Introduction to the Study of the Coronavirus Language 病毒语言学:冠状病毒语言研究导论
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0015
B. Istók, G. Lőrincz
Abstract This paper undertakes the introduction to virolinguistics, a new linguistic discipline that investigates the virus language (virolect) based on the Hungarian linguistic material drawn from the scientific literature and our own collection. The goal of this work is to evaluate the effect of the pandemic on certain aspects of the Hungarian language: genres, vocabulary, communication, the linguistic landscape, and social media. The linguistic materials of these various areas play an important role in our society: they have a warning, entertaining, or stress-relieving function. Due to the restrictions, most studies have moved to the Internet. The methodological paradox of virolinguistics can be identified in the fact that it disregards certain scientific standards in order to assist linguists in collecting their valuable linguistic and visual materials.
本文介绍了病毒语言学,这是一门新的语言学科,它基于科学文献和我们自己收集的匈牙利语言材料来研究病毒语言(病毒语言)。这项工作的目标是评估大流行对匈牙利语某些方面的影响:体裁、词汇、交流、语言景观和社交媒体。这些不同地区的语言材料在我们的社会中扮演着重要的角色:它们具有警示、娱乐或缓解压力的功能。由于这些限制,大多数研究都转移到了互联网上。为了帮助语言学家收集有价值的语言和视觉材料,它无视某些科学标准,这是病毒语言学方法论上的悖论。
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引用次数: 0
Hungarian Dialectology. Research of Hungarian Dialects in Romania 匈牙利方言学。罗马尼亚匈牙利语方言研究
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0029
C. Both
Abstract After the Treaty of Trianon, the long history of research on the Hungarian dialects in the neighbouring countries did not cease. A previous article on the history of research on Hungarian dialect islands reviewed the significant achievements of Hungarian dialect research up to 1920 (Both 2020b). In the present article, we summarize the essential periods and results of Hungarian dialect research in Romania from 1920 to the present day. The article will show how in the last one hundred years a Hungarian-language department in a minority environment has redirected its research, resulting in a decreasing share of dialectological research, and how, despite these developments, the Hungarian dialectological community in Romania has enriched the Hungarian dialectology research with significant results.
《特里亚农条约》签订后,匈牙利周边国家对匈牙利语方言研究的漫长历史并没有停止。之前一篇关于匈牙利方言岛屿研究历史的文章回顾了匈牙利方言研究到1920年的重大成就(Both 2020b)。本文总结了1920年至今罗马尼亚匈牙利语方言研究的主要时期和成果。本文将展示在过去的一百年中,少数民族环境中的匈牙利语系如何改变其研究方向,导致方言研究份额的减少,以及尽管有这些发展,罗马尼亚的匈牙利方言学社区如何丰富了匈牙利方言学研究并取得了重大成果。
{"title":"Hungarian Dialectology. Research of Hungarian Dialects in Romania","authors":"C. Both","doi":"10.2478/ausp-2021-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ausp-2021-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract After the Treaty of Trianon, the long history of research on the Hungarian dialects in the neighbouring countries did not cease. A previous article on the history of research on Hungarian dialect islands reviewed the significant achievements of Hungarian dialect research up to 1920 (Both 2020b). In the present article, we summarize the essential periods and results of Hungarian dialect research in Romania from 1920 to the present day. The article will show how in the last one hundred years a Hungarian-language department in a minority environment has redirected its research, resulting in a decreasing share of dialectological research, and how, despite these developments, the Hungarian dialectological community in Romania has enriched the Hungarian dialectology research with significant results.","PeriodicalId":37574,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72755414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
John Hunyadi in Hungarian Folklore and Historiography 约翰·Hunyadi在匈牙利民间传说和史学
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0025
F. Németh, Virginia Popović
Abstract The folk epic songs of a nation are often associated with heroic actions of famous historical figures of the given nation, whose names are often known beyond Balkan folklore, thus becoming characters of epic folk songs and tales preserved in South Slavic or Romanian folklore. The paper analyses Hungarian, Serbian, and Romanian folklore sources about John Hunyadi’s ethnic origin, with the intention to present the biography of this historical figure from the aspect of Hungarian historiography and his folklore heritage through the eyes of some Hungarian and Serbian folklorists. One of these emblematic heroes was certainly John Hunyadi, whose feats (as well as the feats of other members of the Hunyadi family) are told throughout the cycles of Hungarian epic folk tales, as well as the folk tales of the peoples in the surrounding area. This paper is based on the analysis of the collection of Hungarian historical folk tales by Dénes Lengyel, which contains a dozen texts about John Hunyadi. These texts have several points of contact with Romanian and Serbian history and folklore. The second part of the paper presents the biography of John Hunyadi in the light of Hungarian historiography as well as the discussion of his origins.
一个民族的民间史诗歌曲往往与该民族著名历史人物的英雄事迹联系在一起,这些人物的名字往往在巴尔干民间传说之外为人所知,从而成为南斯拉夫或罗马尼亚民间传说中保存下来的史诗民歌和故事的人物。本文分析了匈牙利、塞尔维亚和罗马尼亚三国有关约翰·Hunyadi民族渊源的民间传说资料,试图通过匈牙利和塞尔维亚民俗学家的视角,从匈牙利史学的角度和他的民间传说遗产来呈现这位历史人物的传记。其中一个具有象征意义的英雄当然是约翰·Hunyadi,他的功绩(以及Hunyadi家族其他成员的功绩)在匈牙利史诗民间故事的循环中被讲述,以及周围地区人民的民间故事。本文是在对德姆斯·伦格耶尔的匈牙利历史民间故事集进行分析的基础上进行的,该故事集包含了十几个关于约翰·亨雅迪的文本。这些文本与罗马尼亚和塞尔维亚的历史和民间传说有几个联系点。论文的第二部分从匈牙利史学的角度介绍了约翰·Hunyadi的传记,并对他的出身进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Book Reviews: János Péntek–Attila Benő: A magyar nyelv Romániában (Erdélyben)
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0022
Enikő Biró, Petteri Laihonen
{"title":"Book Reviews: János Péntek–Attila Benő: A magyar nyelv Romániában (Erdélyben)","authors":"Enikő Biró, Petteri Laihonen","doi":"10.2478/ausp-2021-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ausp-2021-0022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37574,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78134323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Travel Writing, Literature, and Romance: Polixéna Wesselényi’s Travels in Italy and Switzerland 旅行写作、文学与浪漫:波利克萨姆纳·威塞尔萨姆尼在意大利和瑞士的旅行
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2021-0024
Márta Pellérdi
Abstract Polixéna Wesselényi’s Travels in Italy and Switzerland, the first travel narrative that was written by a woman in Hungary and Transylvania, is a work little known to the wider international public, as it was published in Hungarian in 1842, seven years after her tour. There are few travel narratives written by East-Central European women in the first half of the nineteenth century. This essay attempts to reflect upon Wesselényi’s personal motives, her intellect and literary craftsmanship, as well as the cultural constraints she had to encounter. The romantic nature of the relationship between Wesselényi, a married woman, and the fellow travel writer John Paget, is also mirrored by the text. Travels in Italy and Switzerland not only offers an insight into the relatively favourable situation of Transylvanian women of the aristocracy in the 1830s but also shows that it had the power to inspire the works of celebrated Hungarian novelists after its publication. Although Wesselényi’s style conforms to the picturesque and sentimental travel writing published by European women in the period, it justly demands a place for itself on the list of distinguished nineteenth-century European travel writing by women.
波利克萨姆纳·韦塞尔姆尼的《意大利和瑞士游记》是由一名妇女在匈牙利和特兰西瓦尼亚撰写的第一部游记,它是一部鲜为人知的作品,因为它是在她旅行七年后的1842年用匈牙利语出版的。在19世纪上半叶,中东欧女性撰写的旅行叙事很少。这篇文章试图反映wesselsamunyi的个人动机,她的智力和文学技巧,以及她不得不遇到的文化约束。已婚妇女韦塞尔·萨默尼与旅行作家约翰·佩吉特(John Paget)之间的浪漫关系也反映在文本中。《意大利和瑞士游记》不仅揭示了19世纪30年代特兰西瓦尼亚贵族女性相对有利的处境,而且表明它在出版后对匈牙利著名小说家的创作有启发作用。尽管wesselsamnyi的风格符合当时欧洲女性出版的风景如画、感怀的旅行作品,但它在19世纪杰出的欧洲女性旅行作品中理应占有一席之地。
{"title":"Travel Writing, Literature, and Romance: Polixéna Wesselényi’s Travels in Italy and Switzerland","authors":"Márta Pellérdi","doi":"10.2478/ausp-2021-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ausp-2021-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Polixéna Wesselényi’s Travels in Italy and Switzerland, the first travel narrative that was written by a woman in Hungary and Transylvania, is a work little known to the wider international public, as it was published in Hungarian in 1842, seven years after her tour. There are few travel narratives written by East-Central European women in the first half of the nineteenth century. This essay attempts to reflect upon Wesselényi’s personal motives, her intellect and literary craftsmanship, as well as the cultural constraints she had to encounter. The romantic nature of the relationship between Wesselényi, a married woman, and the fellow travel writer John Paget, is also mirrored by the text. Travels in Italy and Switzerland not only offers an insight into the relatively favourable situation of Transylvanian women of the aristocracy in the 1830s but also shows that it had the power to inspire the works of celebrated Hungarian novelists after its publication. Although Wesselényi’s style conforms to the picturesque and sentimental travel writing published by European women in the period, it justly demands a place for itself on the list of distinguished nineteenth-century European travel writing by women.","PeriodicalId":37574,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84040381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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