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The Representation of Love in Manon Lescaut by Abbé Prévost 阿贝-普雷沃特《曼侬-莱斯考特》中的爱情表述
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0006
A. Petre
Abstract This work analyses the way in which the representation of love in the novel Manon Lescaut by Prévost highlights some important aspects that mark the perception of love in the eighteenth century. Following the literary tradition of Classicism, according to which passionate love is a source of evil and even of the protagonists’ death, in Prévost’s novel, the Chevalier Des Grieux’s passionate love arises from the concern of the Age of Enlightenment to emphasize the importance of individual identity, which implies the freedom and courage to decide on one’s own life, the refusal of one’s positioning in an inherited hierarchy, at the top of which there lies the paternal or divine authority. To illustrate this conviction, Prévost builds a love story in which the male character occupies the privileged place, and femininity does not represent strangeness or otherness but an artificial entity, one created from within the male figure to capture his departure from the original, paradisiacal state of moral perfection. Under these circumstances, the construction of the female character becomes a tribute to the literary tradition of the representation of charm and beauty as sources of the extreme degradation of the male character.
摘要 本作品分析了普雷沃斯特的小说《曼侬-莱斯考特》中对爱情的表现方式,突出了十八世纪爱情观的一些重要方面。按照古典主义的文学传统,热烈的爱情是邪恶的根源,甚至会导致主人公的死亡,而在普雷沃斯特的小说中,德格里厄骑士热烈的爱情源于启蒙时代对强调个人身份重要性的关注,这意味着决定自己生活的自由和勇气,以及拒绝将自己置于继承的等级制度中,而等级制度的顶端是父权或神权。为了诠释这一信念,普雷沃斯特创作了一个爱情故事,在这个故事中,男性占据了特权地位,女性并不代表陌生或另类,而是一个人为的实体,一个从男性形象内部创造出来的实体,以捕捉他偏离道德完美的原始、天堂般的状态。在这种情况下,女性角色的塑造成为了对文学传统的一种致敬,即把魅力和美貌作为男性角色极端堕落的根源来表现。
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引用次数: 0
Aspectual Errors in Romanian and Serbian ESP Learners Majoring in Tourism and Hospitality Management 旅游与酒店管理专业罗马尼亚语和塞尔维亚语ESP学习者的词性错误
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0015
Predrag Novakov, Mihaela Lazović
Abstract This paper examines the interference of the mother tongue, Serbian and Romanian, in the case of students of English for Tourism and Hospitality Purposes (ESP) at the university level in the field of verbal aspect. The first part of the paper focuses on the ways in which the category of aspect is defined and expressed in Serbian and Romanian in comparison to English. It was hypothesised that the native speakers of these three languages may conceptualize verbal aspect rather differently, especially given their inherent relevant linguistic differences, particularly with Serbian having a more complex system of grammaticalized aspectuality than English and Romanian. This paper analyses the difficulties that Serbian and Romanian ESP learners might encounter in attempting to comprehend the features specific to aspect in English and in capturing the different aspectual uses of English verbs. For this analysis, a study was carried out featuring a questionnaire on the specific context of aspectual uses, which was completed by the participating Serbian and Romanian ESP students.
摘要 本文研究了母语塞尔维亚语和罗马尼亚语对大学旅游和酒店英语(ESP)学生在动词方面的干扰。论文的第一部分侧重于与英语相比,塞尔维亚语和罗马尼亚语是如何定义和表达方面范畴的。根据假设,这三种语言的母语者对动词方面的概念理解可能会相当不同,特别是考虑到它们固有的相关语言差异,尤其是塞尔维亚语比英语和罗马尼亚语有更复杂的语法化方面性系统。本文分析了塞尔维亚语和罗马尼亚语ESP学习者在试图理解英语中的方面特征和捕捉英语动词的不同方面用法时可能遇到的困难。为了进行这一分析,我们开展了一项研究,其特点是由参与研究的塞尔维亚和罗马尼亚ESP学生填写一份关于方面用法具体语境的调查问卷。
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引用次数: 0
Beyond Reproduction: An Epistemological Search for a “Woman” in Manjula Padmanabhan’s Escape and The Island of Lost Girls 超越繁衍:曼朱拉-帕德马纳班的《逃离》和《迷失女孩岛》中对 "女性 "的认识论探寻
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0003
Argha Basu, P. Tripathi
Abstract Who is a woman? In a gender-fluid typical world, the answer to this question invites a serious exposition of non-linear and non-binary possibilities. As the biological definition becomes more inclusive of fragmented identities, it becomes extremely complicated to arrive at a simplistic, innocent truth of recognition. Within the third-world dynamics, this question invites more dimensions. Set against the backdrop of mass female genocide on the occasion of perfecting cloning, Manjula Padmanabhan in her works of futuristic dystopian fiction, Escape (2015) and The Island of Lost Girls (2017), has taken up this issue of womanhood and furtively trodden to arrive at a philosophical space that allows the modernist epistemological notion of a “woman” as a well-defined category to reincarnate within a postmodern paradigm to help locate women beyond the generic nuances of reproduction and menial labour. Through analysing the selective works, this research article aims at arriving close to the model of womanhood and depicting the plurality of truth in action.
摘要 谁是女人?在一个典型的性别流动的世界里,对这个问题的回答需要认真探讨非线性和非二元的可能性。随着生物学定义越来越多地包含零散的身份,要得出一个简单、纯真的认识真相变得极为复杂。在第三世界的动态中,这个问题引出了更多的层面。曼朱拉-帕德马纳班(Manjula Padmanabhan)在其未来主义乌托邦小说作品《逃离》(2015 年)和《迷失女孩岛》(2017 年)中,以克隆技术完善之际的大规模女性种族灭绝为背景,探讨了女性身份问题、在她的作品《逃离》(2015 年)和《迷失女孩岛》(2017 年)中,曼朱拉-帕德曼纳班探讨了女性身份这一问题,并悄然找到了一个哲学空间,使 "女性 "这一定义明确的现代主义认识论概念在后现代范式中得以重获新生,从而帮助女性定位,使其超越了生殖和体力劳动的一般细微差别。通过分析所选作品,本研究文章旨在接近女性的模式,并在行动中描绘真理的多元性。
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引用次数: 0
Deprecatory Ethnonyms: The Case of Boanghin 贬义民族地名:Boanghin 案例
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0019
I. Nagy
Abstract In this study, we aim to analyse the origin and semantics of one of the lexemes used by Romanians to refer to Hungarians: boanghin(a), also used as boanghen(a). Besides a meta-analysis of this ethnic slur (emergence, meaning, semantic shifts, and etymology), we also refer to literary works in which these terms have been used. The archaic boanghin, or boanghen seems to be a political construct which has the purpose of naming the enemy and personifying the evil. It is a typical case of verbal abuse, mockery, or insult which used to display a significant amount of collectively formed, pejorative connotation. Today it is old-fashioned, as it has been replaced by another slur, i.e. bozgor, which is going to be presented in a forthcoming study.
摘要 在本研究中,我们旨在分析罗马尼亚人用来指代匈牙利人的词汇之一:boanghin(a)(也作 boanghen(a))的起源和语义。除了对这一种族蔑称(出现、含义、语义变化和词源)进行元分析外,我们还参考了使用这些词语的文学作品。古老的 "boanghin "或 "boanghen "似乎是一种政治构词法,其目的是为敌人正名并将邪恶人格化。它是一种典型的谩骂、嘲讽或侮辱,曾经显示出大量集体形成的贬义内涵。如今,它已过时,因为它已被另一种蔑称(即 bozgor)所取代,即将进行的研究将介绍这种蔑称。
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引用次数: 0
Mediation and Mediators in Carlos Morton’s The Miser of Mexico and Trumpus Caesar 卡洛斯-莫顿的《墨西哥的吝啬鬼》和《特朗普斯-凯撒》中的调解和调解人
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0011
Edit-Mária Dánél
Abstract This paper aims towards identifying those protagonists who occupy the position of mediator in the process of decoding the message by uniting detached ideologies in Carlos Morton’s The Miser of Mexico (1989) and Trumpus Caesar (2021). On the level of the narrative, border-resurfacing and its impact on society are presented by anecdote and humour. Jon Yates’s 2022 book entitled Fractured. How We Learn to Live Together mentions that in order to reconnect divided societies, ideologies, and races, the factor of laughter proves to be the most effective means: “If the person smiled, you knew you had someone in the mood to buy; if not, it was time to move on” (Yates 2022, 17). Slavoj Žižek in his work entitled Did Somebody Say Totalitarianism? Five Interventions in the (Mis)use of a Notion argues that humanity can restore communication with the Divine only by the mediated assistance of Jesus Christ, who “must sacrifice himself” (Žižek 2002, 50) in the process. In order to mend broken relationships, Carlos Morton’s subjective-participative mediators assume the position of honest advisors, critics, non-judgmental and non-political entities, individual and self-sufficient characters, who by partial or total detachment point out the tragic in the comical. With the help of humour and satire, the playwright’s protagonists in the dramas mentioned above captivate audiences by softening critical situations through mutual acceptance and tolerance.
摘要 本文旨在通过卡洛斯-莫顿的《墨西哥的吝啬鬼》(1989 年)和《特朗普斯-凯撒》(2021 年)中分离的意识形态,确定在信息解码过程中占据调解人位置的主人公。在叙事层面,边境重现及其对社会的影响是通过轶事和幽默来呈现的。乔恩-耶茨(Jon Yates)在 2022 年出版的题为《支离破碎:我们如何学会共同生活》(Fractured.我们如何学会和睦相处》一书中提到,为了重新连接分裂的社会、意识形态和种族,笑声因素被证明是最有效的手段:"如果对方笑了,你就知道对方有心情买单;如果没有,那就该继续前进了"(Yates 2022, 17)。Slavoj Žižek 在他的著作《有人说极权主义吗?一个概念的(错误)使用中的五次干预》一书中认为,人类只有通过耶稣基督的中介帮助才能恢复与神的沟通,而耶稣基督在这一过程中 "必须牺牲自己"(Žižek 2002, 50)。为了修补破裂的关系,卡洛斯-莫顿的主观参与式调解人扮演了诚实的顾问、评论家、非批判性和非政治性的实体、个体和自足的角色,他们通过部分或完全的超脱指出喜剧中的悲剧。在幽默和讽刺的帮助下,剧作家在上述戏剧中的主人公通过相互接受和宽容来缓和危急情况,从而吸引观众。
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引用次数: 0
Not Only by Accident. Arthur Koestler’s Reception in Post-war Hungary, 1945–1948 并非偶然。阿瑟-凯斯勒在战后匈牙利的受欢迎程度,1945-1948 年
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0009
Zénó Vernyik
Abstract This article is the first part of a series of publications on Arthur Koestler’s reception in Hungary during its transition to Communism. Given the author’s iconic status as an anti-Communist writer, it is reasonable to suppose that his texts would have been banned and his name rarely uttered, much less printed, in Hungary before the 1989 regime change. It is thus not surprising that this view is virtually uncontested by scholars both in Hungary and beyond. Yet, as shown here on the basis of thirty-one articles published between April 1945 and June 1948 in Hungarian dailies, journals, and magazines, at least in this early and transitional period, Koestler’s writing is not only frequently mentioned but actively discussed. Furthermore, through a closer analysis of the contents of these texts, five specific categories of mentions are identified: (1) Koestler cited as a journalist reporting on contemporary events; (2) his opinion quoted as that of an authority figure; (3) polemics towards Koestler’s views; (4) reports on the foreign reception of Hungarian literature, including Koestler; and (5) Koestler used as a public scapegoat.
摘要 本文是关于匈牙利向共产主义过渡期间对阿瑟-凯斯特勒的接受情况的系列出版物的第一部分。鉴于作者作为反共产主义作家的标志性地位,我们有理由认为,在 1989 年政权更迭之前,他的作品在匈牙利会被禁止发表,他的名字也很少被提及,更不用说印刷了。因此,匈牙利国内外学者对这一观点几乎没有异议也就不足为奇了。然而,正如本文根据 1945 年 4 月至 1948 年 6 月期间匈牙利日报、期刊和杂志上发表的 31 篇文章所显示的那样,至少在这一早期和过渡时期,凯斯特勒的作品不仅被频繁提及,而且还被积极讨论。此外,通过对这些文本内容的仔细分析,我们还发现了五类具体的提及:(1) 引用凯斯勒作为报道当代事件的记者;(2) 引用凯斯勒作为权威人士的观点;(3) 针对凯斯勒观点的论战;(4) 关于包括凯斯勒在内的匈牙利文学在国外的接受情况的报道;(5) 将凯斯勒作为公众的替罪羊。
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引用次数: 0
The Semiotic Background of the Ineffective Investigation in the Weird Detective Story 怪诞侦探小说中无效调查的符号学背景
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0010
Norbert Gyuris
Abstract The classical detective story is based on a teleological certainty offered by the narrative. In these stories, the detective successfully solves the crime, and the lawful order is restored in an assuring manner, so the closure of the narrative structure does not allow for an open ending in ontological terms. However, weird fiction and its most recent form, new weird, have a different approach to the teleological givens prescribed by the classical detective story (whodunit). The weird investigation is paradigmatically open-ended, and the detective most often fails to solve the case. The argument develops a distinction between two basic semiotic structures that characterize crime fiction. While all crime fiction is set in an environment that is based on simulation, the classical detective can revert the simulated semiotic structure into signs based on representation, thus the interpretation of the signs results in solving the crime. The weird and new weird stories, on the other hand, defy this representational logic, which is demonstrated by Howard Phillips Lovecraft’s weird fiction and Neil Gaiman’s new weird short story entitled “A Study in Emerald.”
摘要 经典的侦探小说以叙事所提供的目的论确定性为基础。在这些故事中,侦探成功破案,法律秩序得以恢复,因此叙事结构的封闭性不允许本体论上的开放结局。然而,怪诞小说及其最新形式--新怪诞--对经典侦探小说(侦探破案)所规定的目的论给定有着不同的态度。怪异小说的调查是开放式的,侦探往往破不了案。这一论点区分了犯罪小说的两种基本符号学结构。所有的犯罪小说都设定在一个基于模拟的环境中,而经典侦探可以将模拟的符号结构还原为基于表征的符号,从而通过对符号的解释来破案。而怪诞小说和新怪诞小说则违背了这种表象逻辑,霍华德-菲利普斯-洛夫克拉夫特的怪诞小说和尼尔-盖曼的新怪诞短篇小说《翡翠研究》都证明了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
Myths, Science, and Literature – Different Fields, the Same Essence 神话、科学和文学--领域不同,本质相同
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0007
Vilma-Irén Mihály
Abstract The present study aims at analysing the relationship and establishing the similarities between ancient Eastern myths, literature, and today’s leading scientific views such as quantum physics. In ancient times, the mythic worldview was the only one being widely accepted, a dominancy that lasted up into, roughly put, the mid-nineteenth century, when most sciences as known today started to flourish and overtook the place of mythology, invalidating it. Nowadays, however, ancient myths and modern sciences have begun getting closer to each other and, at a deep insight, one may discover that they reveal the same truth. Thus, the paper shall discuss and compare ancient Buddhist texts with leading quantum theories and literary works by Béla Hamvas and Sándor Weöres that facilitate the comprehension of the essence.1
摘要 本研究旨在分析古代东方神话、文学和当今领先的科学观点(如量子物理学)之间的关系,并建立它们之间的相似性。在古代,神话世界观是唯一被广泛接受的世界观,这种主导地位一直持续到 19 世纪中叶,当时大多数当今已知的科学开始蓬勃发展,并取代了神话的地位,使其失效。然而,如今,古代神话与现代科学开始相互接近,深入探究,人们会发现它们揭示了相同的真理。因此,本文将讨论和比较古代佛教典籍与领先的量子理论以及贝拉-哈姆瓦斯(Béla Hamvas)和桑多尔-韦奥雷斯(Sándor Weöres)的文学作品,以促进对本质的理解1。
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引用次数: 0
Improving University Students’ ESP Writing Skills through a Process-Based Portfolio Approach 通过基于过程的作品集方法提高大学生的 ESP 写作技能
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0016
M. Bánhegyi, Balázs Fajt
Abstract Today’s employers expect university graduates to possess appropriate written ESP skills, which are most effectively taught through individualized ESP writing skills development. This paper provides an account of the ways a self-developed portfolio approach may be exploited to improve EFL learners’ ESP writing skills in a university environment. Through a quasi-experimental research design (N = 168), this project hypothesised that, and tested whether, our process-writing-based portfolio approach has a beneficial impact on participants’ ESP writing skills and examined if the portfolio approach in question was an effective means of improving participants’ ESP writing skills. For the testing of this hypothesis, a quasi-experimental research design was used with an experimental (N = 84) and a control group (N = 84), and participants’ test results were compared to examine the effectiveness of the applied portfolio approach. The findings of the study show that the portfolio approach applied in the scope of the present research project proves to be an efficient way of improving students’ ESP writing skills and can thus justifiably be applied at other institutions of higher education for improving such skills.
摘要 当今的雇主希望大学毕业生掌握适当的ESP书面技能,而通过个性化的ESP写作技能培养是最有效的教学方法。本文介绍了在大学环境中如何利用自主开发的作品集方法来提高 EFL 学习者的 ESP 写作技能。通过准实验研究设计(N = 168),该项目假设并检验了我们基于过程写作的作品集方法是否对参与者的ESP写作技能产生有益影响,并考察了该作品集方法是否是提高参与者ESP写作技能的有效手段。为了验证这一假设,我们采用了准实验研究设计,分为实验组(84 人)和对照组(84 人),并比较了学员的测试结果,以考察应用作品集方法的有效性。研究结果表明,在本研究项目范围内应用的作品集方法被证明是提高学生ESP写作能力的有效方法,因此有理由在其他高等教育机构应用,以提高学生的ESP写作能力。
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引用次数: 0
Nostalgia and Creative Urge as Double-Edged Swords in the (Auto)Biographical Writings of Rose Gollup-Cohen 罗斯-高卢普-科恩(自传)作品中的怀旧与创作冲动这把双刃剑
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/ausp-2023-0001
Irina Rabinovich
Abstract While some Jewish immigrant autobiographies have received broad critical attention, a few important autobiographical endeavours have been underrepresented or almost forgotten. Autobiographies written by Jewish female writers who immigrated to America from Russia, Poland, or Galicia often draw a bifurcated picture of their struggles in callous New York sweatshops, or, on the contrary, they exalt the Jews’ notable success while blending in the American melting pot. Scarce studies, however, have been devoted to the dislocation and uprootedness of female immigrants and to the nostalgic feelings they have experienced during their absorption into American reality. This paper intends to resuscitate the forgotten voice of a Jewish immigrant female writer, Rose Gollup-Cohen. Moreover, using primarily psychoanalytical methodology and a feminist theory, the paper focuses on the nostalgic feelings that immigrants reverted to. Finally, it deals with both the therapeutic and the destructive powers of compulsive writing and shows how the writing process assists an immigrant writer when coping with distress experienced in her new homeland, but, on the other hand, it also demonstrates how compulsive writing may lead to obsessive behaviours, resulting in losing awareness of one’s surroundings, neglecting one’s family, and even to depression and suicide.
摘要 虽然一些犹太移民自传受到了评论界的广泛关注,但一些重要的自传作品却代表性不足,甚至几乎被遗忘。由从俄罗斯、波兰或加利西亚移民到美国的犹太女作家撰写的自传往往描绘了她们在冷酷无情的纽约血汗工厂中挣扎的两面图景,或者相反,她们赞美犹太人在融入美国大熔炉时取得的显著成功。然而,很少有人专门研究女性移民的颠沛流离和背井离乡,以及她们在融入美国现实的过程中所经历的怀旧情绪。本文旨在重新唤起犹太移民女作家罗斯-高卢普-科恩被遗忘的声音。此外,本文主要采用精神分析方法和女性主义理论,重点关注移民的怀旧情绪。最后,论文论述了强迫性写作的治疗作用和破坏作用,说明了写作过程如何帮助移民作家应对在新家园所经历的苦恼,但另一方面,论文也说明了强迫性写作如何可能导致强迫行为,从而失去对周围环境的认识,忽视家人,甚至导致抑郁和自杀。
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引用次数: 0
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