Pub Date : 2020-05-06DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.14
Hesham M. Enshasy, Q. A. Al-Haija, Hasan Al-Amri, Mohamed Al-Nashri, Sultan Al-Muhaisen, Mashhour AL-TARAYRAH
Hydrogen is now considered one of the most promising fuel of the future. It will be used in various applications, e.g. generating and storing electricity, fuel for automobiles and Jet Planes, hydrogen powered industries, and for all our domestic energy requirements. The challenges of efficiently generating and storing the Hydrogen gas is the playing field of many researchers around the globe. In this paper we studied three different designs of the generation cell where an elaborated design models for these three designs are put forth. The three designs were modeled into three electric circuits to calculate the plate’s parameters such as resistance, inductance and capacitance. A theoretical comparison based on these three parameters, has applied to determine the optimum design. A spiral plate design shows the highest HHO gases generation. The simulation data showed also, that minimizing the voltage at least to be 1.23V, will increase the effective current hence improving the efficiency. On the other hand, shaping the input signal to the energy generation system, will lead to stabilizing the temperature and reduce the power loses.
{"title":"Elaborated Mathematical Model for Hydrogen-Hydrogen-Oxygen Energy Storage Cell","authors":"Hesham M. Enshasy, Q. A. Al-Haija, Hasan Al-Amri, Mohamed Al-Nashri, Sultan Al-Muhaisen, Mashhour AL-TARAYRAH","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.14","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen is now considered one of the most promising fuel of the future. It will be used in various applications, e.g. generating and storing electricity, fuel for automobiles and Jet Planes, hydrogen powered industries, and for all our domestic energy requirements. The challenges of efficiently generating and storing the Hydrogen gas is the playing field of many researchers around the globe. In this paper we studied three different designs of the generation cell where an elaborated design models for these three designs are put forth. The three designs were modeled into three electric circuits to calculate the plate’s parameters such as resistance, inductance and capacitance. A theoretical comparison based on these three parameters, has applied to determine the optimum design. A spiral plate design shows the highest HHO gases generation. The simulation data showed also, that minimizing the voltage at least to be 1.23V, will increase the effective current hence improving the efficiency. On the other hand, shaping the input signal to the energy generation system, will lead to stabilizing the temperature and reduce the power loses.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131899359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.11
G. Angelov
The full derivation of the generalized and extended solution to the equations describing threeconductor Transmission line is given in this paper; the brief results are presented in a previous paper. The Considerations proceed from the c. Paul formulation of lossless transmission lines terminated by linear loads. In contrast to c. Paul, the conjoint interaction between the two lines is considered here and the influence of the Receptor line is not neglected, that is the weak-coupling approximation is not applied. In result, an extended and Generalized mathematical model compared the original model of c. Paul is obtained. In particular, a mixed Problem for the hyperbolic system describing the three-conductor transmission line is formulated. It is shown That the formulated mixed problem is equivalent to an initial value problem for a functional system on the Boundary of hyperbolic system’s domain with voltages and currents as the unknown functions in this system Are the lines’. The system of functional equations can be resolved by a fixed-point method that enables us to Find an approximated but explicit solution. The method elaborated in this paper might be applied also for linear As well as nonlinear boundary conditions.
{"title":"An Extended Solution to the Equations Describing a 3-Conductor Transmission Line","authors":"G. Angelov","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.11","url":null,"abstract":"The full derivation of the generalized and extended solution to the equations describing threeconductor Transmission line is given in this paper; the brief results are presented in a previous paper. The Considerations proceed from the c. Paul formulation of lossless transmission lines terminated by linear loads. In contrast to c. Paul, the conjoint interaction between the two lines is considered here and the influence of the Receptor line is not neglected, that is the weak-coupling approximation is not applied. In result, an extended and Generalized mathematical model compared the original model of c. Paul is obtained. In particular, a mixed Problem for the hyperbolic system describing the three-conductor transmission line is formulated. It is shown That the formulated mixed problem is equivalent to an initial value problem for a functional system on the Boundary of hyperbolic system’s domain with voltages and currents as the unknown functions in this system Are the lines’. The system of functional equations can be resolved by a fixed-point method that enables us to Find an approximated but explicit solution. The method elaborated in this paper might be applied also for linear As well as nonlinear boundary conditions.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116232150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.12
V. Lyandres
Continuous Markov processes widely used as a tool for modeling random phenomena in numerous applications, can be defined as solutions of generally nonlinear stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with certain drift and diffusion coefficients which together governs the process’ probability density and correlation functions. Usually it is assumed that the diffusion coefficient does not depend on the process' current value. Sometimes, in particular for presentation of non- Gaussian real processes this assumption becomes undesirable, leads generally to complexity of the correlation function estimation. We consider its analysis for the process with arbitrary pair of the drift and diffusion coefficients providing the given stationary probability distribution of the considered process.
{"title":"On the Correlation Function of an Arbitrary Distributed Continuous Markov Process","authors":"V. Lyandres","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.12","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous Markov processes widely used as a tool for modeling random phenomena in numerous applications, can be defined as solutions of generally nonlinear stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with certain drift and diffusion coefficients which together governs the process’ probability density and correlation functions. Usually it is assumed that the diffusion coefficient does not depend on the process' current value. Sometimes, in particular for presentation of non- Gaussian real processes this assumption becomes undesirable, leads generally to complexity of the correlation function estimation. We consider its analysis for the process with arbitrary pair of the drift and diffusion coefficients providing the given stationary probability distribution of the considered process.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116196192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-10DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.10
A. Zemliak
The work explores the possibility of a significant reduction in processor time required to optimize analog circuits. For this, we can reformulate and generalize the problem of chain optimization based on the approaches of optimal control theory. The analog circuit design process is formulated as a dynamic controlled system. A special control vector has been defined to redistribute the computational cost between circuit analysis and parametric optimization. This redistribution significantly reduces CPU time. The task of designing a circuit for the minimum processor time can be formulated as a classical optimal control problem while minimizing some functional. The introduction of the concept of the Lyapunov function of a controlled dynamic system made it possible to use it to analyse the main characteristics of the design process. An analysis of the behaviour of a special function, which is a combination of the Lyapunov function and its time derivative, made it possible to compare various design strategies and select the best ones that are executed in minimal CPU time.
{"title":"Study of the Dynamic Characteristics of Some Circuit Optimization Strategies","authors":"A. Zemliak","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.10","url":null,"abstract":"The work explores the possibility of a significant reduction in processor time required to optimize analog circuits. For this, we can reformulate and generalize the problem of chain optimization based on the approaches of optimal control theory. The analog circuit design process is formulated as a dynamic controlled system. A special control vector has been defined to redistribute the computational cost between circuit analysis and parametric optimization. This redistribution significantly reduces CPU time. The task of designing a circuit for the minimum processor time can be formulated as a classical optimal control problem while minimizing some functional. The introduction of the concept of the Lyapunov function of a controlled dynamic system made it possible to use it to analyse the main characteristics of the design process. An analysis of the behaviour of a special function, which is a combination of the Lyapunov function and its time derivative, made it possible to compare various design strategies and select the best ones that are executed in minimal CPU time.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115088100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-28DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.8
L. Sztandera
Fuzzy sets methodology to automatically generate knowledge base for informed decision making is proposed. As a proof of concept it has initially been applied to generate regulatory/health/environmental guidance rules for textile and apparel companies. Subsequently, the system will be augmented to incorporate additional consumer goods, and down the road, after some modifications, could be utilized as a much needed health care disruptor tool in personalized medicine for both patients and clinicians. The apparel category provides for a diverse set of mandatory regulations and some voluntary standards. Mandatory requirements such as CPSIA, FTC for Care and Textile labelling, in addition to AATCC requirements for colourfastness and formaldehyde were taken into consideration. Initial focus was on carcinogenic dyes and pigments. Databases from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the US National Toxicology Program (NTP) are to be incorporated, in conjunction with computational intelligence, to identify potential toxins or carcinogens present in the industrial process or the final product, thus alerting manufactures and consumers through a user-friendly interface. This capability can be quickly developed and validated using modern software product development approaches incorporating Design Thinking, Agile Development with Scrum, and Business Model Generation to get this to market where key benefits can be derived
{"title":"Self-augmenting Knowledge Base for Informed Decision Making With Biomedical Applications in Cancer Diagnosis","authors":"L. Sztandera","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.8","url":null,"abstract":"Fuzzy sets methodology to automatically generate knowledge base for informed decision making is proposed. As a proof of concept it has initially been applied to generate regulatory/health/environmental guidance rules for textile and apparel companies. Subsequently, the system will be augmented to incorporate additional consumer goods, and down the road, after some modifications, could be utilized as a much needed health care disruptor tool in personalized medicine for both patients and clinicians. The apparel category provides for a diverse set of mandatory regulations and some voluntary standards. Mandatory requirements such as CPSIA, FTC for Care and Textile labelling, in addition to AATCC requirements for colourfastness and formaldehyde were taken into consideration. Initial focus was on carcinogenic dyes and pigments. Databases from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the US National Toxicology Program (NTP) are to be incorporated, in conjunction with computational intelligence, to identify potential toxins or carcinogens present in the industrial process or the final product, thus alerting manufactures and consumers through a user-friendly interface. This capability can be quickly developed and validated using modern software product development approaches incorporating Design Thinking, Agile Development with Scrum, and Business Model Generation to get this to market where key benefits can be derived","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121236094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-28DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.7
S. Suman, Adarsh Kumar
Transmission Line model are an important role in the electrical power supply. Modeling of such system remains a challenge for simulations are necessary for designing and controlling modern power systems.In order to analyze the numerical approach for a benchmark collection Comprehensive of some needful real-world examples, which can be utilized to evaluate and compare mathematical approaches for model reduction. The approach is based on retaining the dominant modes of the system and truncation comparatively the less significant once.as the reduced order model has been derived from retaining the dominate modes of the large-scale stable system, the reduction preserves the stability. The strong demerit of the many MOR methods is that, the steady state values of the reduced order model does not match with the higher order systems. This drawback has been try to eliminated through the Different MOR method using sssMOR tools. This makes it possible for a new assessment of the error system Offered that the Observability Gramian of the original system has as soon as been thought about, an H∞ and H2 error bound can be calculated with minimal numerical effort for any minimized model attributable to The reduced order model (ROM) of a large-scale dynamical system is essential to effortlessness the study of the system utilizing approximation Algorithms. The response evaluation is considered in terms of response constraints and graphical assessments. the application of Approximation methods is offered for arising ROM of the large-scale LTI systems which consist of benchmark problems. The time response of approximated system, assessed by the proposed method, is also shown which is excellent matching of the response of original system when compared to the response of other existing approaches .
{"title":"Model Order Reduction of Transmission Line Model","authors":"S. Suman, Adarsh Kumar","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.7","url":null,"abstract":"Transmission Line model are an important role in the electrical power supply. Modeling of such system remains a challenge for simulations are necessary for designing and controlling modern power systems.In order to analyze the numerical approach for a benchmark collection Comprehensive of some needful real-world examples, which can be utilized to evaluate and compare mathematical approaches for model reduction. The approach is based on retaining the dominant modes of the system and truncation comparatively the less significant once.as the reduced order model has been derived from retaining the dominate modes of the large-scale stable system, the reduction preserves the stability. The strong demerit of the many MOR methods is that, the steady state values of the reduced order model does not match with the higher order systems. This drawback has been try to eliminated through the Different MOR method using sssMOR tools. This makes it possible for a new assessment of the error system Offered that the Observability Gramian of the original system has as soon as been thought about, an H∞ and H2 error bound can be calculated with minimal numerical effort for any minimized model attributable to The reduced order model (ROM) of a large-scale dynamical system is essential to effortlessness the study of the system utilizing approximation Algorithms. The response evaluation is considered in terms of response constraints and graphical assessments. the application of Approximation methods is offered for arising ROM of the large-scale LTI systems which consist of benchmark problems. The time response of approximated system, assessed by the proposed method, is also shown which is excellent matching of the response of original system when compared to the response of other existing approaches .","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115592345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-26DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.6
N. Neeraj, Pravesh Pravesh, S. Pal, Sarita Kumari, A. Verma
Ab initio calculations have been performed by the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method as implemented in the WIEN2K code within the density functional theory to obtain the fundamental physical properties of ZnSnP2 in the body centered tetragonal (BCT) phase. The six elastic constants (C11, C12, C13, C33, C44 and C66) and mechanical parameters have been presented and compared with the available experimental data. The thermal properties within the quasi-harmonic approximation is used to give an accurate description of the pressure-temperature dependence of the thermal-expansion coefficient, bulk modulus, specific heat, Debye temperature, entropy Grüneisen parameters. Based on the semi-empirical relation, we have determined the hardness of the material; which attributed to different covalent bonding strengths. Further, ZnSnP2 solar cell devices have been modeled; device physics and performance parameters have analyzed for ZnTe and CdS buffer layers. Simulation results for ZnSnP2 thin layer solar cell show the maximum efficiency (22.9%) with ZnTe as the buffer layer. Most of the investigated parameters are reported for the first time.
{"title":"Fundamental Materialistic Properties of ZnSnP2 for Solar Energy Conversion and Environmental Friendly Photovoltaic Devices","authors":"N. Neeraj, Pravesh Pravesh, S. Pal, Sarita Kumari, A. Verma","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.6","url":null,"abstract":"Ab initio calculations have been performed by the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method as implemented in the WIEN2K code within the density functional theory to obtain the fundamental physical properties of ZnSnP2 in the body centered tetragonal (BCT) phase. The six elastic constants (C11, C12, C13, C33, C44 and C66) and mechanical parameters have been presented and compared with the available experimental data. The thermal properties within the quasi-harmonic approximation is used to give an accurate description of the pressure-temperature dependence of the thermal-expansion coefficient, bulk modulus, specific heat, Debye temperature, entropy Grüneisen parameters. Based on the semi-empirical relation, we have determined the hardness of the material; which attributed to different covalent bonding strengths. Further, ZnSnP2 solar cell devices have been modeled; device physics and performance parameters have analyzed for ZnTe and CdS buffer layers. Simulation results for ZnSnP2 thin layer solar cell show the maximum efficiency (22.9%) with ZnTe as the buffer layer. Most of the investigated parameters are reported for the first time.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116907419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-25DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.5
V. Budashko, O. Onishchenko, I. Hvozdeva, V. Shevchenko, Ruslan Kudelkin
On the basis of theoretical and practical studies of the electromechanical system, the scientific and technical problem of improving the control system of the electromechanical system during the impact on it of multi-vector perturbations is solved. The result of the study is the integration of differential equations with coefficients dependent on the oscillations of the control object. In the theoretical part, the mathematical model of the electromechanical system was synthesized, which made it possible to investigate ways of minimizing the deviation angles and time intervals required to stabilize the motion of the electromechanical system, which allowed indirectly to realize the associated signal with the stochastic nature of the moment of oscillation of the control object on the coordinate plane. The method of parametric optimization of the mathematical model of the electromechanical system in the function of the angle of inclination is also improved and investigated. Based on the definition of the structure and algorithms of work, the efficiency of the control system of the electromechanical system increases in terms of reducing the stabilization time of the control object.
{"title":"Operational Optimization of the Electromechanical System in Non-deterministic Conditions","authors":"V. Budashko, O. Onishchenko, I. Hvozdeva, V. Shevchenko, Ruslan Kudelkin","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.5","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of theoretical and practical studies of the electromechanical system, the scientific and technical problem of improving the control system of the electromechanical system during the impact on it of multi-vector perturbations is solved. The result of the study is the integration of differential equations with coefficients dependent on the oscillations of the control object. In the theoretical part, the mathematical model of the electromechanical system was synthesized, which made it possible to investigate ways of minimizing the deviation angles and time intervals required to stabilize the motion of the electromechanical system, which allowed indirectly to realize the associated signal with the stochastic nature of the moment of oscillation of the control object on the coordinate plane. The method of parametric optimization of the mathematical model of the electromechanical system in the function of the angle of inclination is also improved and investigated. Based on the definition of the structure and algorithms of work, the efficiency of the control system of the electromechanical system increases in terms of reducing the stabilization time of the control object.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121312497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-24DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.3
DA Young TU’UAU, Marica Timaima, M. Assaf
Fault analysis is an important aspect in the successful operation of a power utility grid. The occurrence of faults in the system is not avoidable as causes of faults are not particularly one but of many with different causes and nature. It is one of the most important as well as it one of the most complex tasks in power engineering. The studies and discovery of faults in electric power systems is essential in ensuring the consistency and the stability if the power grid. Another importance of carrying out fault analysis gives a fair idea of the voltages and the current magnitudes under faulty conditions for different scenarios. This is helpful in the design of protection devices such as fuses, circuit breaker ratings, over current protection relays and other devices that are used for the protection of the system. Protection devices are important features of the power system grid mainly because their role in saving equipment and also human lives. In this paper, we investigate and analyze the behavior of electric power systems under fault conditions and then evaluate various practical scenarios.
{"title":"Electric Power System Fault Analysis","authors":"DA Young TU’UAU, Marica Timaima, M. Assaf","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.3","url":null,"abstract":"Fault analysis is an important aspect in the successful operation of a power utility grid. The occurrence of faults in the system is not avoidable as causes of faults are not particularly one but of many with different causes and nature. It is one of the most important as well as it one of the most complex tasks in power engineering. The studies and discovery of faults in electric power systems is essential in ensuring the consistency and the stability if the power grid. Another importance of carrying out fault analysis gives a fair idea of the voltages and the current magnitudes under faulty conditions for different scenarios. This is helpful in the design of protection devices such as fuses, circuit breaker ratings, over current protection relays and other devices that are used for the protection of the system. Protection devices are important features of the power system grid mainly because their role in saving equipment and also human lives. In this paper, we investigate and analyze the behavior of electric power systems under fault conditions and then evaluate various practical scenarios.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123576611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-21DOI: 10.37394/23201.2020.19.2
Ram Murti Rawat, Vinod Kumar
This paper examines the factors that affect the Static Noise Margin (SNM) of a Static Random Access memories which focus on optimizing Read and Write operation of 8T SRAM cell which is better than 6T SRAM cell Using Swing Restoration for Dual Node Voltage. The read and Write time and improve Stability. New 8T SRAM technique on the circuit or architecture level is required. In this paper Comparative Analysis of 6T and 8T SRAM Cells with Improved Read and Write Margin is done for 130 nm Technology with Cadence Virtuoso schematics Tool.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of 6T and 8T SRAM Cell With Improved Read and Write Margins in 130 nm CMOS Technology","authors":"Ram Murti Rawat, Vinod Kumar","doi":"10.37394/23201.2020.19.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2020.19.2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the factors that affect the Static Noise Margin (SNM) of a Static Random Access memories which focus on optimizing Read and Write operation of 8T SRAM cell which is better than 6T SRAM cell Using Swing Restoration for Dual Node Voltage. The read and Write time and improve Stability. New 8T SRAM technique on the circuit or architecture level is required. In this paper Comparative Analysis of 6T and 8T SRAM Cells with Improved Read and Write Margin is done for 130 nm Technology with Cadence Virtuoso schematics Tool.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116988528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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