Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.22
S. Pilehvari, Lei Zhang, R. Mayorga
Neurons in the brain as the elementary processing units and nervous system play a key role. If a neuron gets a proper stimulus, it produces action potentials (spikes) that are transferred along its axon. Reaching the end of the neuron, other neurons or muscle cells may be activated [1]. The effect of neural morphology along with thickness of dendrites and passive electrical parameters on the spikes width and amplitude can be investigated by analytical and numerical investigations of spiking models. The impact of mentioned proper stimulus may be degraded by passing time. In this paper, it is tried to add the effective parameter ’membrane resistance’ in well-known Hodgkin-Huxley model with four dimensions to compare several outputs due to changing resistance and various injected current. The goal of this paper has been to measure spikes changes or even how to determine current threshold when resistance is not constant (non-linear time dependant) result of different factors.
{"title":"Impact of Membrane Resistance on Width and Amplitude of Spikes in Different Injected Currents in One Spiking Neural Model","authors":"S. Pilehvari, Lei Zhang, R. Mayorga","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.22","url":null,"abstract":"Neurons in the brain as the elementary processing units and nervous system play a key role. If a neuron gets a proper stimulus, it produces action potentials (spikes) that are transferred along its axon. Reaching the end of the neuron, other neurons or muscle cells may be activated [1]. The effect of neural morphology along with thickness of dendrites and passive electrical parameters on the spikes width and amplitude can be investigated by analytical and numerical investigations of spiking models. The impact of mentioned proper stimulus may be degraded by passing time. In this paper, it is tried to add the effective parameter ’membrane resistance’ in well-known Hodgkin-Huxley model with four dimensions to compare several outputs due to changing resistance and various injected current. The goal of this paper has been to measure spikes changes or even how to determine current threshold when resistance is not constant (non-linear time dependant) result of different factors.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130354170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.21
Duan Shaomi, Huilong Luo, Haipeng Liu
This article comes up with a complex-valued encoding seeker optimization algorithm (CSOA) base on the multi-chain method for the constrained engineering optimization problems. The complex value encoding and a multi-link strategy are leaded by the seeker optimization algorithm (SOA). The complex value encoding method is an influential global optimization strategy, and the multi-link is an enhanced local search strategy. These strategies enhance the individuals’ diversity and avert fall into the local optimum. This article chose fifteen benchmark functions, four PID control parameter models, and six constrained engineering problems to test. According to the experimental results, the CSOA algorithm can be used in the benchmark functions, PID control parameters optimization, and optimization constrained engineering problems. Compared to particle swarm optimization (PSO), simulated annealing base on genetic algorithm (SA_GA), gravitational search algorithm (GSA), sine cosine algorithm (SCA), multi-verse optimizer (MVO), and seeker optimization algorithm (SOA), the optimization ability and robustness of CSOA are better.
{"title":"A Complex-valued Encoding Seeker Optimization Algorithm for Constrained Engineering Problems","authors":"Duan Shaomi, Huilong Luo, Haipeng Liu","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.21","url":null,"abstract":"This article comes up with a complex-valued encoding seeker optimization algorithm (CSOA) base on the multi-chain method for the constrained engineering optimization problems. The complex value encoding and a multi-link strategy are leaded by the seeker optimization algorithm (SOA). The complex value encoding method is an influential global optimization strategy, and the multi-link is an enhanced local search strategy. These strategies enhance the individuals’ diversity and avert fall into the local optimum. This article chose fifteen benchmark functions, four PID control parameter models, and six constrained engineering problems to test. According to the experimental results, the CSOA algorithm can be used in the benchmark functions, PID control parameters optimization, and optimization constrained engineering problems. Compared to particle swarm optimization (PSO), simulated annealing base on genetic algorithm (SA_GA), gravitational search algorithm (GSA), sine cosine algorithm (SCA), multi-verse optimizer (MVO), and seeker optimization algorithm (SOA), the optimization ability and robustness of CSOA are better.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132778242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-23DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.20
M. I. García-Planas
This work addresses the controllability subspaces of a class of multi-agent linear systems that are interconnected via communication channels. Multiagent systems have attracted much attention because they have great applicability in multiple areas. Recently has taken an interest to analyze the control properties as consensus controllability of multi-agent dynamical systems motivated by the fact that the architecture of communication network in engineering multi-agent systems is usually adjustable. In this paper, the concept of invariant subspaces and controllability subspaces is reviewed and generalized to multi-agent systems. Finally, the consensus controllability subspaces are analyzed in the case of multiagent linear systems having all agents the same dynamics described as xi = Aixi + Biui, i = 0, 1, . . . , k.
这项工作解决了一类通过通信通道互联的多智能体线性系统的可控性子空间。多智能体系统因其在多个领域具有很强的适用性而备受关注。由于工程多智能体系统的通信网络结构通常是可调的，近年来人们对多智能体动态系统的共识可控性控制特性进行了研究。本文回顾了不变子空间和可控子空间的概念，并将其推广到多智能体系统中。最后，分析了具有相同动态的多智能体线性系统的共识可控性子空间:xi = Aixi + Biui, i = 0,1，…。, k。
{"title":"Controllability Subspaces of Multi-Aagent Linear Dynamical Systems","authors":"M. I. García-Planas","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.20","url":null,"abstract":"This work addresses the controllability subspaces of a class of multi-agent linear systems that are interconnected via communication channels. Multiagent systems have attracted much attention because they have great applicability in multiple areas. Recently has taken an interest to analyze the control properties as consensus controllability of multi-agent dynamical systems motivated by the fact that the architecture of communication network in engineering multi-agent systems is usually adjustable. In this paper, the concept of invariant subspaces and controllability subspaces is reviewed and generalized to multi-agent systems. Finally, the consensus controllability subspaces are analyzed in the case of multiagent linear systems having all agents the same dynamics described as xi = Aixi + Biui, i = 0, 1, . . . , k.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130723238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.19
A. Zemliak, E. Machusky
Some nonlinear models are presented for modeling and analyzing IMPATT high-power pulse diodes. These models are suitable for analyzing different operating modes of the oscillator. The first model is a precise one, which describes all important electrical phenomena on the basis of the continuity equations and Poisson´s equation, and it is correct until 300 GHz. The second approximate mathematical model suitable for the analysis of IMPATT diode stationary operation oscillator and for optimization of internal structure of the diode. The temperature distribution in the semiconductor structure is obtained using the special thermal model of the IMPATT diode, which is based on the numerical solution of the non-linear thermal conductivity equation. The described models can be applied for the analysis, optimization and practical design of pulsedmode millimetric IMPATT diodes. It can also be used to evaluate the thermal behavior of diodes, to correctly select the shape and amplitude of a supply pulse, and to design various types of high-power pulsed millimeter IMPATT diodes with a complex doping profile with improved characteristics.
{"title":"Analysis of Electrical and Thermal Models for Pulsed IMPATT Diode Simulation","authors":"A. Zemliak, E. Machusky","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.19","url":null,"abstract":"Some nonlinear models are presented for modeling and analyzing IMPATT high-power pulse diodes. These models are suitable for analyzing different operating modes of the oscillator. The first model is a precise one, which describes all important electrical phenomena on the basis of the continuity equations and Poisson´s equation, and it is correct until 300 GHz. The second approximate mathematical model suitable for the analysis of IMPATT diode stationary operation oscillator and for optimization of internal structure of the diode. The temperature distribution in the semiconductor structure is obtained using the special thermal model of the IMPATT diode, which is based on the numerical solution of the non-linear thermal conductivity equation. The described models can be applied for the analysis, optimization and practical design of pulsedmode millimetric IMPATT diodes. It can also be used to evaluate the thermal behavior of diodes, to correctly select the shape and amplitude of a supply pulse, and to design various types of high-power pulsed millimeter IMPATT diodes with a complex doping profile with improved characteristics.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"219 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124328341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.18
F. Himmelstoss, H. Votzi
DC/DC converters, which have a quadratic term of the duty cycle, are useful, when wide voltage transformation ratios have to be obtained. Taking a d-square step-down converter as an example, the function of the converter, the generation of the large and small signal models is explained. From the voltage transformation ratio, a control law is derived and the behavior of the feed-forward converter is shown by simulations. Results of two other quadratic converters are also shown.
{"title":"Feedforward Control of Quadratic Converters","authors":"F. Himmelstoss, H. Votzi","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.18","url":null,"abstract":"DC/DC converters, which have a quadratic term of the duty cycle, are useful, when wide voltage transformation ratios have to be obtained. Taking a d-square step-down converter as an example, the function of the converter, the generation of the large and small signal models is explained. From the voltage transformation ratio, a control law is derived and the behavior of the feed-forward converter is shown by simulations. Results of two other quadratic converters are also shown.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133354033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.14
Timothy Michael Chávez, D. T. Nguyen
While the minimum cost flow (MCF) problems have been well documented in many publications, due to its broad applications, little or no effort have been devoted to explaining the algorithms for identifying loop formation and computing the θ value needed to solve MCF network problems. This paper proposes efficient algorithms, and MATLAB computer implementation, for solving MCF problems. Several academic and real-life network problems have been solved to validate the proposed algorithms; the numerical results obtained by the developed MCF code have been compared and matched with the built-in MATLAB function Linprog() (Simplex algorithm) for further validation.
{"title":"Efficient Algorithms for Identifying Loop Formation and Computing θ Value for Solving Minimum Cost Flow Network Problems","authors":"Timothy Michael Chávez, D. T. Nguyen","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.14","url":null,"abstract":"While the minimum cost flow (MCF) problems have been well documented in many publications, due to its broad applications, little or no effort have been devoted to explaining the algorithms for identifying loop formation and computing the θ value needed to solve MCF network problems. This paper proposes efficient algorithms, and MATLAB computer implementation, for solving MCF problems. Several academic and real-life network problems have been solved to validate the proposed algorithms; the numerical results obtained by the developed MCF code have been compared and matched with the built-in MATLAB function Linprog() (Simplex algorithm) for further validation.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131641103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.13
J. Yeomans
As a result of increasing urban intensification, civic planners have devoted additional resources to more sustainability-focused logistics planning. Electric vehicles have proved to be both a lower cost alternative and more environmentally friendly than the more ubiquitous internal combustion engine vehicles. However, the predominant decision-making approaches employed by businesses and municipalities are not necessarily computationally conducive for the optimization and evaluation of urban transportation systems involving electric vehicles. An innovative modelling and planning approach is proposed to enable urban planners to more readily evaluate the contribution of electric vehicles in city logistics and to support the decision-making process. Specifically, this paper provides a multicriteria modelling-to-generate-alternatives (MGA) decision-support procedure that employs the Bat Algorithm (BA) metaheuristic for generating sets of alternatives for electric vehicle planning in urban transshipment problems. The efficacy of this multicriteria, BA-driven MGA approach for creating planning alternatives is demonstrated on an urban transshipment problem involving electric trucks.
{"title":"A Multicriteria, Bat Algorithm Approach for Computing the Range Limited Routing Problem for Electric Trucks","authors":"J. Yeomans","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.13","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of increasing urban intensification, civic planners have devoted additional resources to more sustainability-focused logistics planning. Electric vehicles have proved to be both a lower cost alternative and more environmentally friendly than the more ubiquitous internal combustion engine vehicles. However, the predominant decision-making approaches employed by businesses and municipalities are not necessarily computationally conducive for the optimization and evaluation of urban transportation systems involving electric vehicles. An innovative modelling and planning approach is proposed to enable urban planners to more readily evaluate the contribution of electric vehicles in city logistics and to support the decision-making process. Specifically, this paper provides a multicriteria modelling-to-generate-alternatives (MGA) decision-support procedure that employs the Bat Algorithm (BA) metaheuristic for generating sets of alternatives for electric vehicle planning in urban transshipment problems. The efficacy of this multicriteria, BA-driven MGA approach for creating planning alternatives is demonstrated on an urban transshipment problem involving electric trucks.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133509817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.17
C. Provatidis
This paper discusses the incapability of a tensor product rational quadratic patch to accurately represent a spherical cap. It was analytically found that there is no combination of control points and associated weights to accurately represent the spherical cap. On top of that, an optimization technique has revealed that for a unit sphere the computed radii in the parametric space may reduce within the interval [0.999999994, 1.000104146]. This study makes sense as a preparatory stage in relation with the isogeometric analysis (IGA), which may be applied in conjunction with either the Finite Element Method (FEM) or the Boundary Element Method (BEM).
{"title":"How Accurately Can a Spherical Cap be Represented by Rational Quadratic Polynomials?","authors":"C. Provatidis","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.17","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the incapability of a tensor product rational quadratic patch to accurately represent a spherical cap. It was analytically found that there is no combination of control points and associated weights to accurately represent the spherical cap. On top of that, an optimization technique has revealed that for a unit sphere the computed radii in the parametric space may reduce within the interval [0.999999994, 1.000104146]. This study makes sense as a preparatory stage in relation with the isogeometric analysis (IGA), which may be applied in conjunction with either the Finite Element Method (FEM) or the Boundary Element Method (BEM).","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133210854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.16
Joathan Devadason, P. Moses, M. Masoum
Dynamic modeling and stability domain analysis of a system consisting of a synchronous generator sup-plying an induction motor load through a series compensated weak network has been carried out in this paper. The impact of X/Rratio of the feeder and generation control system parameters on the stability domain with respect to series compensation has been examined through eigenvalue calculations and time domain simulations. From the studies conducted, it was observed that the stability domain of the system with respect to series compensation depends on the grid strength in addition to the excitation system parameters. Eigenvalue analysis shows that there is a strong correlation between the exciter gain, time constants of the measurement transducer and exciter, and the series compensation level. The main contribution of this work is to reveal new bifurcations which arise in these systems which has been studied through eigenvalue analysis and time domain simulations for various combinations of system parameters.
{"title":"Multiparameter Stability Analysis of Systems with Induction Motor Loads, Weak Interconnections and Series Compensation","authors":"Joathan Devadason, P. Moses, M. Masoum","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.16","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic modeling and stability domain analysis of a system consisting of a synchronous generator sup-plying an induction motor load through a series compensated weak network has been carried out in this paper. The impact of X/Rratio of the feeder and generation control system parameters on the stability domain with respect to series compensation has been examined through eigenvalue calculations and time domain simulations. From the studies conducted, it was observed that the stability domain of the system with respect to series compensation depends on the grid strength in addition to the excitation system parameters. Eigenvalue analysis shows that there is a strong correlation between the exciter gain, time constants of the measurement transducer and exciter, and the series compensation level. The main contribution of this work is to reveal new bifurcations which arise in these systems which has been studied through eigenvalue analysis and time domain simulations for various combinations of system parameters.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125884635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.37394/23201.2021.20.15
D. Krstić, S. Suljovic, M. Stefanovic, M. B. Yassein, D. Aleksic
In this paper,the wireless communication system with dual SC receiver operating over shadowed multipath fading channel is considered. The multipath fadingis k-μor Rician.The received signal experiences the short term fading which is resulting in SC receiver envelope variation and Gamma long term fading resulting in SC receiver envelope power variation. The closed form expressions for joint probability density functions of SC receiver output signal envelope and their first derivative of SC receiver output signal envelope are calculated for both, k-μand Rician fading. These expressions are used for evaluation of average level crossing rate of SC receiver output signal envelopes. The numerical expressions are plotted to show the effect of Rician fading severity parameter and Gamma shadowing severity parameter on the average level crossing rate of SC receiver output signal envelope.
{"title":"New Results and Applications about the Level Crossing Rate of SC Receiver output Signal in the Presence of Gamma Shadowing and k-μ or Rician Multipath Fading","authors":"D. Krstić, S. Suljovic, M. Stefanovic, M. B. Yassein, D. Aleksic","doi":"10.37394/23201.2021.20.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.15","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper,the wireless communication system with dual SC receiver operating over shadowed multipath fading channel is considered. The multipath fadingis k-μor Rician.The received signal experiences the short term fading which is resulting in SC receiver envelope variation and Gamma long term fading resulting in SC receiver envelope power variation. The closed form expressions for joint probability density functions of SC receiver output signal envelope and their first derivative of SC receiver output signal envelope are calculated for both, k-μand Rician fading. These expressions are used for evaluation of average level crossing rate of SC receiver output signal envelopes. The numerical expressions are plotted to show the effect of Rician fading severity parameter and Gamma shadowing severity parameter on the average level crossing rate of SC receiver output signal envelope.","PeriodicalId":376260,"journal":{"name":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS","volume":"255 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121324125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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