Revista Colombiana de Reumatologia最新文献

Introduction/Objective

Patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have a significant prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), however studies conducted in Latin America describing comorbidities of PsA patients are still scarce. The aim of the present work was to estimate the prevalence of MS in patients attending PsA clinics in tertiary university centers in the south region of Brazil and to evaluate the achievement of the minimal disease activity criteria among those with and without MS.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted; patients were recruited in two university hospitals and data collected during a routine clinic visit. The prevalence of MS was estimated using the National Cholesterol Education Programme's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III). The prevalence of patients achieving the MDA criteria was compared between individuals with and without MS using Chi-square test.

Results

One hundred and five patients with PsA were evaluated, 81 in center A (Rio Grande do Sul) and 24 in center B (Paraná); 54.3% were female (N = 57), the average age was 55.7 (SD 11.6) years and the median time of diagnosis in years was 7.4 (.16–42.2). A total of 51.9% (N = 54) were diagnosed with MS., hypertension was found in 51.4% (N = 54) and obesity in 38.1% (N = 40) of the sample. There was no statistically significant association between MS and MDA.

Conclusion

Patients followed in PsA clinics in university tertiary centers in the south of Brazil have a significant prevalence of MS. This work emphasizes the importance of the screening and treatment of comorbidities in PsA.

Introduction

Introduction:Transthoracic echocardiography is a useful noninvasive tool in the assessment of cardiac involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the main echocardiographic alterations in patients with a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus and to describe the relationship between various disease factors and echocardiographic findings.

Materials and methods

We performed a retrospective review of patients with a diagnosis of SLE between 2016 and 2020 at a referral centre. All 98 patients were included, 87% were female, the mean age for the whole population was 35 years (IQR 27.0- 49.7), 40% had a recent diagnosis, 55% with previous or new diagnosis of arterial hypertension, 37% were using steroids at admission.

Results

Among the echocardiographic findings, 64.3% had valvular disease, 63% had pericardial involvement, 25.5% systolic function compromise, 27.5% some degree of diastolic dysfunction, 13% ventricular hypertrophy, 46% left atrial enlargement, 87% right ventricular systolic dysfunction, 24.5% some probability of pulmonary hypertension, 3% non-infectious vegetations. The presence of lupus activity was associated with a higher percentage of abnormal echocardiographic findings. There was no significant relationship between disease duration and cardiac abnormalities, anti-DNA and positive antiphospholipid antibodies were more frequently observed in the cardiac involvement group.

Conclusion

We consider that echocardiography should be part of the routine evaluation in patients with lupus. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction, pericardial involvement and non-significant valvular disease were the most frequently reported abnormalities.

Introduction

Patients with fibromyalgia experience pain at a constant and incapacitating pace. It is still a complex entity yet to be fully understood but meanwhile affects patients in every aspect of their lives.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to describe what living with fibromyalgia means for Peruvian women and how it affects their family, work, and social lives in 2021.

Materials and methods

The study has a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach; snowball sampling and theoretical saturation sample size; 10 patients were interviewed through semi-structured in-depth interviews. An ideographic and a nomothetic analysis were conducted, divergences and convergences in the statements were sought and units of analysis were obtained.

Results

There were 12 categories: meaning of fibromyalgia, clinical picture, complications and sequelae, diagnostic process, impact on work, impact on family life, impact on social life, experience with health personnel, lessons learned from fibromyalgia, ecclesiastical support, and myths, misinformation, and prejudices about fibromyalgia.

Conclusion

The experiences and the clinical picture are diverse, the family remains an active and reliable support network for patients, unlike social and work lives, where there is a lack of initiative or empathy towards patients. In light of our findings, we expect healthcare workers and the public in general to learn and see beyond “just histrionics” or “attention seekers” and thus improve the patient's quality of life.

Introduction

Capillaroscopy is a non-invasive tool used to evaluate microcirculation and determine whether a Raynaud's phenomenon is primary or secondary. Capillaroscopic changes are well-described in systemic sclerosis; however, these alterations have been less studied in other autoimmune diseases.

Objective

The aim of this study is to determine videocapillaroscopic alterations in lupus, and its association with clinical manifestations.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study with analytical intention was performed. Videocapillaroscopy and medical evaluations were performed on 76 patients with lupus, according to SLICC 2012 classificatory criteria, from January to June 2019. Chi², Fisher, and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to evaluate association, and the prevalence ratios (PR) were determined. A multivariate analysis was performed.

Results

Seventy-one (93.4%) of the patients were female with a median age of 33.5 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 27–44.8); the median lupus duration was 84 months (IQR: 30–168). The main clinical manifestations were articular, cutaneous, hematological, and Raynaud's phenomenon. A non-specific pattern was found in 43 patients (56.6%), and a systemic sclerosis-like pattern was found in 7 patients (9.2%). In bivariate and multivariate analyses, Raynaud episodes occurring more than once a week (PR 1.24; 95% CI: 1.13–1.33) were more frequent in patients with a sclerosis-like or a non-specific pattern.

Conclusion

Lupus patients frequently have videocapillaroscopic alterations with non-specific and systemic sclerosis like patterns, which are more common in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon that occurs more than once a week. Due to the study's design, it is impossible to determine causality.

The use of glucocorticoids is the most frequent cause of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Considering that glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is an underestimated and generally untreated problem, the Bone Metabolism study group of the Colombian Association of Rheumatology decided to create this Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) in order to support rheumatologists and other specialists in the country who use this type of medication to manage inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, with recommendations on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of GIOP. The recommendations presented here were constructed following the GRADE-ADOLOPMENT methodology. The American College of Rheumatology guideline, Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis, was selected as the source for updating the literature searches. The development of this CPG also included the participation of clinical experts from different specialties, patients, and the EpiThink Health Consulting technical-methodological team.

Interstitial lung disease refers to a group of disorders generally characterized by progressive scarring of lung tissue due to a wide variety of causes and associated with a plethora of symptoms. Patients with this diagnosis can be asymptomatic or present severe symptoms that could lead to death. Its signs and symptoms are the same in patients with concomitant connective tissue disease and those without. Genetics and immunity play essential roles in patients with interstitial lung disease and idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Alterations in genes and excessive production of specific cytokines can lead to the development of interstitial lung disease. Interstitial lung disease can have several complications, including chronic respiratory distress and infections, and can worsen the prognosis of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Here, we present a narrative review describing the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, risk factors, and complications of the population with interstitial lung disease and idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.

Introduction

Adjuvant-induced autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome (ASIA) comprises a spectrum of clinical manifestations associated with exposure to diverse adjuvants that have in common the generation of non-specific autoantibodies and loss of immune tolerance.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a narrative review of the literature about the pathogenesis underlying ASIA syndrome, its differentiation from other defined autoimmune diseases, and prospects for future research in this field.

Materials and methods

A narrative review of the literature was conducted using Pubmed, Embase, and LILACS. All publications on the subject were included, with no time limit in English and Spanish. Finally, 25 articles published since 1990 were included, from which we reviewed the pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and its differentiation from other defined autoimmune processes.

Results

The appearance of ASIA syndrome seems to be linked to an individual's genetic predisposition (HLA-DRB1*01 or HLA-DRB4) and is the result of the interaction of external and endogenous factors that trigger autoimmune phenomena. In recent years, physicians have become more aware of the relationship between exposure to adjuvants and the development of underlying signs and symptoms that may correspond to ASIA syndrome. The current evidence supporting its existence is still contradictory. A timely diagnosis requires a multidisciplinary approach and could require immunosuppressive treatment in particular cases.

Conclusions

In recent years a relationship between exposure to adjuvants and the appearance of autoimmunity phenomena has been recognized. In clinical practice, physicians can find cases of ASIA syndrome. However, the evidence is still debated on the relationship between adjuvants and autoimmune clinical manifestations. ASIA syndrome classification criteria require validation in various populations before being applied to select patients for clinical studies. It is necessary to identify the risk factors for ASIA syndrome to understand its pathophysiology and make a timely diagnosis.