Bioprinting最新文献

{"title":"Development of iPSC-derived full-thickness human skin via droplet-based 3D bioprinting","authors":"Jieun Baek ,&nbsp;Yudong Hong ,&nbsp;Donghyun Lee ,&nbsp;Ashley Hyomin Roh ,&nbsp;C-Yoon Kim ,&nbsp;Hyung Min Chung ,&nbsp;Ji-Heon Lee ,&nbsp;KyoungWhee Jeon","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study successfully established a full-thickness artificial skin model (CLE-iFTs) composed solely of human iPSC-derived fibroblasts (FBs) and keratinocytes (KCs) using a 3D bioprinting system. To evaluate the validity and performance of this model, we compared it with a manually fabricated counterpart (M-iPSC-FTs).</div><div>Quantitative analysis revealed that the keratinocyte proliferation rate in CLE-iFTs, as indicated by the percentage of Ki-67 positive cells (18.7 ± 1.2 %, p &lt; 0.01), was significantly higher than in M-iPSC-FTs (9.7 ± 2.8 %). The basal epidermal marker KRT14 showed an average integrated density of 79,621.67 ± 3913.36 in CLE-iFTs and 75,442 ± 3913.36 in M-iPSC-FTs (p &lt; 0.05), while the suprabasal marker KRT10 exhibited an integrated density of 247,260.33 ± 15,570.34 and 193,760 ± 24,214.66, respectively (p &lt; 0.01), indicating stronger epidermal differentiation in the bioprinted model.</div><div>In addition, the dermis of CLE-iFTs demonstrated faster cell proliferation and higher cellular density compared to the manual model. Functional assessments further revealed that CLE-iFTs exhibited greater resistance to chemically induced cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ value: 3.087 mg/mL vs. 2.761 mg/mL, p &lt; 0.05) and a more favorable response to UVB irradiation, as evidenced by lower MMP-1 expression (p &lt; 0.001) and higher Pro-collagen levels (p &lt; 0.01).</div><div>In conclusion, the CLE-iFTs model provides superior reproducibility, enhanced structural integrity, and improved functional performance compared to manually fabricated models. These results highlight the potential of CLE-iFTs as a robust and reliable platform for advanced skin research, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article e00445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Polymer Degradation on Cellular Behavior in Tissue Engineering.","authors":"Kentaro Umemori, Dianne Little","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue engineering frequently employs biomimetic scaffolds to direct cell responses and facilitate the differentiation of cells into specific lineages. Biodegradable scaffolds mitigate immune responses, stress shielding concerns in load bearing tissues, and the need for secondary or revision surgical procedures for retrieval. However, during the degradation process, scaffold properties such as fiber diameter, fiber porosity, fiber alignment, surface properties and mechanical properties undergo changes that significantly alter the initial properties. This review aims to comprehensively assess the impact of degradation on scaffold properties from the perspective of their effects on cellular behavior by addressing four key aspects of polymer degradation: First, we review the variables that influence scaffold degradation. Second, we examine how degradation impacts scaffold properties. Third, we explore the effects of scaffold degradation products. Finally, we investigate measures to increase tunability of degradation rate. Harnessing and incorporating these degradation mechanisms into scaffold design holds great promise for advancing the development of tissue-engineered scaffolds, ultimately improving their efficacy and clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D bioprinting of self-strengthening living materials using cellulose nanofiber-producing bacteria in sodium alginate hydrogel","authors":"Nan Zhang ,&nbsp;Imtiaz Qavi ,&nbsp;Marco Araneda ,&nbsp;Shaida Sultana Rumi ,&nbsp;Noureddine Abidi ,&nbsp;Sampa Halder ,&nbsp;George Z. Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a powerful tool for fabricating engineered living materials (ELMs). Despite recent advances in controlling the spatial distribution of bacteria in hydrogel, printing bacteria-laden hydrogels into bulk 3D structures remains a significant challenge. This study presents a partial crosslinking bioprinting strategy for fabricating bacterial cellulose (BC)-based living scaffolds using sodium alginate (SA) hydrogels embedded with <em>Komagataeibacter xylinus</em>. Pre-crosslinked SA was first printed to define the scaffold outline, followed by infilling with uncrosslinked, bacteria-laden SA bioink to enable in situ BC nanofiber production. As BC nanofibers formed within the hydrogel, the scaffolds exhibited self-strengthening and self-hardening property. The effects of SA concentration and culture duration on cellulose yield, rheological properties, printability, and mechanical performance were systematically evaluated. Based on the quantitative relationship between hydrogel formulation, bacterial activity, and scaffold functionality, we optimized the bioinks to enable both high-resolution printing and efficient cellulose formation. This microbial bioprinting technique provides a robust platform for constructing functional BC-based ELMs with potential applications in biomedicine and tissue engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article e00443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro evaluation of 3D-printed PCL/forsterite scaffolds with aligned collagen and demineralized bone matrix for cranial bone regeneration","authors":"Fatemeh Saberi,&nbsp;Shohreh Mashayekhan","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing an appropriate scaffold for cranioplasty applications remains challenging due to the high mechanical strength, controlled degradation, and support for cell migration and proliferation. Despite their common use, traditional materials such as titanium implants, bone allografts, hydroxyapatite, and poly methyl methacrylate have limitations that hinder their effectiveness. Achieving both robust mechanical performance and favorable biological properties in a single scaffold remains a significant challenge. In this study, we introduce a novel fabrication approach that combines 3D printing and directional freeze-casting to create a hybrid scaffold with enhanced structural and biological properties. A composite of polycaprolactone (PCL) and forsterite (FO) was 3D-printed to provide mechanical stability. Meanwhile, collagen and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) were freeze-cast into the pores to form radially aligned microchannels. This design enhances the biological properties and promotes cell migration by mimicking the native extracellular matrix architecture. Our results showed that adding 10 % forsterite to PCL increased the Young's modulus to 100 MPa, with 12 % degradation after one month of immersion in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The radially oriented collagen-DBM network supported a 2.4-fold increase in cell proliferation. Furthermore, the in vitro cell migration assay demonstrated enhanced cellular infiltration in aligned versus randomly structured scaffolds. Integrating a directional microstructure, chemical cues from ion release and DBM particles, along with a mechanically robust platform, offers a promising strategy for bone regeneration and cranioplasty applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article e00442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards intelligent cultivated/cultured meat factories: The synergy of AI, 3D bioprinting and automation in next-gen food manufacturing","authors":"Saumya Saraswat,&nbsp;Twinkle Bhargava,&nbsp;Juhi Landge,&nbsp;Kamalnayan Tibrewal","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global population growth, urbanization, and growing incomes have increased the need for protein, stressing the urgent need for sustainable alternatives to conventional livestock farming, which presents serious ethical, scalability, and environmental issues. Cultured meat, made by culturing animal cells under a controlled environment, is a possible alternative that can lower greenhouse gas emissions, land use, and animal suffering. However, large-scale production of cultured meat with the same texture, structure, and viability as conventional meat remains highly challenging. Even though three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has become a crucial technique for precisely engineering meat-like, organized tissues, existing systems have hurdles with automation, repeatability, and throughput. The potential of recent (2020–2025) advancements in automation, Machine Learning (ML), and Artificial Intelligence (AI), primarily from the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, is examined in this paper along with its relevancy to large-scale cultured meat bioprinting.AI-driven process optimization, predictive modelling of cell viability and growth, real-time feedback through sensor-based control systems, robotic integration for material handling and post-processing, automated bioreactor integration, and early company adoption of AI and automation are some of the main topics. Research highlights advantages including less trial-and-error, improved accuracy with robotic systems, computer vision-based real-time print adjustments, and closed-loop feedback that requires less human engagement. The groundwork for intelligent, high-throughput \"smart bioprinting factories\" is laid by these technologies. This analysis maps out a route toward scalable, affordable cultured meat production with significant promise for industrial use and sustainable protein supply by combining advancements in AI, ML, and robotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article e00441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidized alginate-gelatin nanocomposite hydrogels incorporating MXene nanosheets for 3D bioprinting","authors":"Lisa Schöbel ,&nbsp;Mariya Tulchynska ,&nbsp;Elmira Mohajeri ,&nbsp;Christian Polley ,&nbsp;Hermann Seitz ,&nbsp;Jesus Gonzalez-Julian ,&nbsp;Aldo R. Boccaccini","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrically conductive hydrogels (ECHs) and electrical stimulation effectively regulate osteoblast attachment, proliferation, and differentiation, thus triggering bone tissue regeneration. Here, an alginate dialdehyde-gelatin (ADA-GEL) based hydrogel is modified with an electrically conductive and osteogenic 2D nanomaterial, namely MXene, to produce degradable and 3D printable nanocomposite hydrogels exhibiting electrical conductivity. The effect of MXene filler content on resulting hydrogel characteristics such as morphology, mechanical and electrical properties, swelling and degradation behavior was investigated comprehensively. The results indicate tailorable properties depending on MXene concentration, thus opening a library of ADA-GEL-MXene nanocomposite hydrogels. Moreover, the suitability of ADA-GEL-MXene hydrogels for 3D printing of grid-like scaffolds of up to 10 layers was shown. Additional 3D bioprinting studies demonstrated the applicability of the nanocomposite hydrogels as bioinks for 3D bioprinting of MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Although the electrical conductivity was increased at higher MXene concentrations, compromised cell behavior was observed. This points to the conclusion that the concentration of MXene nanosheets must be carefully chosen depending on the required properties. Taken together, the presented ADA-GEL-MXene composite hydrogels exhibit significant potential for 3D bioprinting in bone tissue engineering and could be employed for the electrical stimulation of bone cells in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article e00440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of starch-based support material alternately extruded with gelatin-based bioinks for 3D bioprinting application","authors":"Pekik Wiji Prasetyaningrum,&nbsp;Wildan Mubarok,&nbsp;Takashi Kotani,&nbsp;Shinji Sakai","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of support materials is crucial for the 3D bioprinting of low-viscosity bioinks, which yield soft hydrogel constructs susceptible to deformation under their weight. In this study, we developed a starch-based support material that provides structural support during printing and supplies hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), for printing cell-laden constructs from low-viscosity bioinks (4.4–53.1 mPa s at 1 s⁻¹ shear rate) composed of a gelatin derivative possessing phenolic hydroxyl moieties (gelatin-Ph), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and cells. Importantly, the support material can be selectively and gently removed using α-amylase, a biocompatible enzyme, without harming the construct or encapsulated cells, which is a significant advancement over conventional methods of removing support systems. 3D constructs were fabricated by alternately extruding bioinks containing 5.0 w/v% gelatin-Ph and 10 U/mL HRP with a support material consisting of 16.7 w/w% starch and 10 mM H₂O₂. Immortalized human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated within the constructs showed &gt;80 % viability after printing and exhibited an elongated morphology and proliferation, while maintaining their stemness over 14 days of culture. The cells underwent osteogenic differentiation when cultured in a differentiation medium, as evidenced by the calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity, and expression of osteogenic genes, demonstrating the potential of the proposed approach for tissue-engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article e00439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in polymeric nanoparticles and hydrogels in 3D bioprinting: Enhancing bioinks for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine","authors":"B. Pavithra ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Singh ,&nbsp;V Ramesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Siva Durairaj ,&nbsp;Saqib Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, 3D bioprinting has become a revolutionary technique that makes it possible to precisely fabricate intricate biological structures. The creation of sophisticated bioinks, especially those that include hydrogels and polymeric nanoparticles, is essential to its success. These substances promote cellular adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation by providing special physicochemical characteristics that closely resemble the natural extracellular matrix. Hydrogels offer a moist, friendly environment that promotes tissue growth, whereas polymeric nanoparticles improve the mechanical strength, printability, and controlled drug administration of bioinks. Recent developments in the creation and use of hydrogels and polymeric nanoparticles in 3D bioprinting are summarized in this review, with an emphasis on their applications in organ regeneration, wound healing, and personalized medicine<strong>.</strong> It also discusses current problems that need to be resolved in order to transform laboratory breakthroughs into clinical treatments, such as biocompatibility, structural fidelity, and standardization. The future of 3D bioprinting holds the possibility of previously unheard-of advances in functional tissue restoration and patient-specific treatment through the integration of nanotechnology, machine learning, and biomaterial science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article e00438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic study of high-performance hydroxyapatite processed by vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing","authors":"Haowen Liang ,&nbsp;Tengbo Li ,&nbsp;Junpeng Huang ,&nbsp;Binbin Guo ,&nbsp;Sijing Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoteng Chen ,&nbsp;Shixiang Yu ,&nbsp;Cheng Liu ,&nbsp;Guoxian Pei ,&nbsp;Jiaming Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vat photopolymerization (VPP) enables the fabrication of hydroxyapatite (HAp) with high resolution, complex geometry and interconnected porous structures. However, the inherent property characterization of the VPP-printed HAp as a comparative benchmark for peer studies is still lacking. This study systematically analyzed the performance of VPP-printed HAp with a 55 vol% solid loading, focusing on printability, fabrication quality, mechanical performance limits, reliability, and biological response. The optimized HAp slurry presented high polymerization reactivity and efficient, precise photocuring performance at 17 mJ/cm². With a high density of 98.98 % and compacted grain boundaries, the bending strength of the HAp reached 127 MPa, surpassing the highest reported value for 3D-printing HAp by 23.3 %. In vitro studies demonstrated that the VPP-printed HAp promoted osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The HAp fabricated via VPP with efficient printability, controllable fabrication accuracy (within 1 %) and quality, good mechanical performance and osteogenic activity showcased its promising potential in implant fabrication for bone tissue repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article e00434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HYBERFLOW — enabling non-invasive flow rate feedback control in bioprinting via hydraulic actuation","authors":"Leon Budde ,&nbsp;Julia Hundertmark ,&nbsp;Tim Meyer ,&nbsp;Thomas Seel ,&nbsp;Daniel O.M. Weber","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioprinting offers transformative potential for tissue engineering by enabling the precise fabrication of complex tissue constructs. Of the different bioprinting techniques, extrusion-based bioprinting is the most common, often relying on pneumatic actuation to extrude bioinks. Changes in the viscosity of the bioink, e.g., due to inhomogeneities in the ink or temperature changes in the printing environment, affect the extrusion flow rate if the pneumatic pressure is not adapted accordingly. While maintaining a constant flow rate improves the printing results significantly, continuous monitoring of the flow rate in combination with feedback control is required. Current systems rely on a flow rate sensor to directly measure the flow rate of the bioink, which negatively affects the bioink and requires frequent re-calibrations. To overcome these issues, we are using a hydraulic actuation fluid and implementing a flow rate feedback control based on the flow rate of the actuation fluid rather than the bioink itself. We integrated this concept of hydraulic actuation into our novel <strong>hy</strong>draulic <strong>b</strong>io<strong>e</strong>xtruder with <strong>r</strong>eal-time <strong>flow</strong> rate control called ”HYBERFLOW”. In this paper, we briefly present the design and our experimental validation of the system. Our experiments are aimed to determine whether the flow rate of the actuation fluid corresponds to the flow rate of the extrusion material, investigate the capabilities of the HYBERFLOW to achieve and maintain a desired flow rate with highly heterogeneous bioinks and determine the limits of the HYBERFLOW in terms of bioink viscosity and printing nozzle geometry. We found that the deviation in volume of the extruded bioink compared to the measured volume of the actuation fluid is less than 4%. This clearly shows the feasibility of controlling the flow rate of the bioink by controlling the flow rate of the actuation fluid. As a result, the flow rate sensor only needs to be in contact with actuation fluid, which is less sensitive and does not require the sensor to be re-calibrated due to its more consistent fluid properties. Furthermore, when extruding a bioink consisting of layers with different viscosities, the feedback control was able to maintain the desired flow rate, leading to a more consistent geometry of the printing result. In conclusion, HYBERFLOW enables real-time flow rate-controlled bioextrusions for improved printing outcomes without negatively affecting the bioink.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article e00435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}