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Risk factors for the spread of infectious diseases in the Arctics 传染病在北极传播的危险因素
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-2-113-118
L. Kraeva, A. Panin, A. E. Goncharov, D. Vlasov, N. Goncharov, V. B. Sboychakov
In the conditions of further development of the Arctic it is especially important to preserve the health of the population permanently or temporarily located in this territory. In recent years significant changes have taken place in the biosphere of the Arctic region under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. The population morbidity is accounted for by a number of diseases. However, the infectious component and the factors contributing to its growth remain poorly understood. Objective. To study various biocenoses in the Arctic region as potential risk areas for the spread of infectious diseases among the population. Materials and methods. The material for microbiological studies was selected in 2018–2019 in the archipelagos of Svalbard and Severnaya Zemlya. A total of 139 samples from various samples of natural, anthropogenic and ornithogenic biocenoses were studied. Research methods: classical bacteriological, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis, statistical data analysis. Results. During the study of Arctic samples were isolated and identified 309 viable bacterial strains and representatives of 117 species of micromycetes. Of all the isolated strains, the most important are Escherichia coli, Yersinia intermedia, representatives of the genera Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Serratia, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus. Conclusion. The risk factors for the spread of infectious disease pathogens in the Arctic region were identified: an increase in the number and diversity of isolated microorganisms of medical significance in dynamics; identification of pathogens of infections associated with medical care and saprozoonoses among them. Key words: Arctic, Svalbard and Severnaya Zemlya archipelagos, infectious diseases, pathogens of medical care-related infections and saprozoonoses, polar microorganisms
在进一步开发北极的条件下,特别重要的是要保护永久或暂时居住在这一领土上的居民的健康。近年来,在自然和人为因素的影响下,北极地区的生物圈发生了重大变化。人口发病率是由一些疾病造成的。然而,对其传染成分和促进其增长的因素仍然知之甚少。目标。研究北极地区作为传染病在人群中传播的潜在危险地区的各种生物群落。材料和方法。微生物研究的材料是在2018-2019年在斯瓦尔巴群岛和塞韦纳亚地岛群岛选择的。对自然、人为和鸟源生物群落的139个样本进行了研究。研究方法:经典细菌学、MALDI-TOF质谱分析、统计数据分析。结果。在北极地区的研究中,共分离鉴定出309株活菌和117种具有代表性的微菌。在所有分离的菌株中,最重要的是大肠杆菌、中间耶尔森菌、不动杆菌属、假单胞菌、窄养单胞菌、沙雷氏菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌和葡萄球菌的代表。结论。确定了北极地区传染病病原体传播的风险因素:在动态方面具有医学意义的分离微生物的数量和多样性增加;鉴定与医疗保健和腐殖性人畜共患病相关的感染病原体。关键词:北极、斯瓦尔巴群岛和塞维纳亚地群岛;传染病;医疗相关感染病原体和腐生人畜共患病
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引用次数: 1
Circulation of influenza viruses in the epidemic season of 2018–2019 among people residing in Northern and Western Kazakhstan 2018-2019年流行季节居住在哈萨克斯坦北部和西部人群中的流感病毒传播情况
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-2-70-75
T. Glebova, Almaty Kazakhstan Virology», N. Klivleyeva, A. Baimukhametova, N. Saktaganov, G. Lukmanova, N. Ongarbayeva, M. Shamenova, B. Baimakhanova
Objective. Detection of influenza viruses among the population on the territory of the Northern and Western Kazakhstan during the 2018–2019 epidemic season. Patients and methods. The study involved 835 patients with ARVI symptoms. Biological samples were screened in real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hemagglutinating agents were isolated in 9-10-day-old developing chicken embryos. Identification of isolates was carried out in RT-PCR and HAI assay. Results. 936 clinical samples (835 nasopharyngeal swabs and 101 blood serums) were collected from patients in the Northern (North Kazakhstan and Pavlodar oblasts) and Western (West Kazakhstan oblast) regions during the 2018–2019 epidemic season. Primary screening of 835 nasopharyngeal swabs revealed the genetic material of influenza virus in 20.48%, influenza A virus in 20.36%, and influenza B virus in 0.12%. Subtyping of PCR positive samples for influenza type A virus showed the presence of the genetic material of influenza A/H1N1pdm09 virus in 14.01%, A/H3N2 virus in 4.91%. The virus subtype was not established in 1.66%. Virological examination of nasopharyngeal swabs led to obtaining 14 isolates, of which 13 were identified as influenza A/H1N1pdm09 viruses and 1 as influenza A/H3N2 virus. Serological studies of 101 blood serums in the HAI assay showed the presence of antihemagglutinins against influenza A/H1N1pdm09 virus in 28.71%, A/H3N2 virus in 30.69%, type B virus in 3.96% of the total number of samples. Antibodies simultaneously against two subtypes of influenza viruses (A and B) were detected in 12.87% of cases. In ELISA antibodies against influenza A/H1N1 virus were revealed in 24.75% of cases, A/H3N2 virus in 19.80%, type B virus in 14.85%. Antibodies simultaneously against two types of influenza viruses (A and B) were detected in 2.97% of blood serums. Conclusion. The results of virological and serological studies presented in the paper suggest circulation of influenza A/H1N1pdm09, A/H3N2, and type B viruses in the examined oblasts of Kazakhstan during the 2018–2019 season. Key words: virus, hemagglutinin, influenza, diagnosis, isolate, neuraminidase, circulation
目标。2018-2019年流行季节期间哈萨克斯坦北部和西部地区人口中流感病毒的检测情况。患者和方法。该研究涉及835名有ARVI症状的患者。采用实时聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、血凝抑制(HAI)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)筛选生物样品。从9 ~ 10日龄发育中的鸡胚中分离到血凝剂。采用RT-PCR和HAI法对分离株进行鉴定。结果:在2018-2019年流行季,从北部(北哈萨克斯坦和巴甫洛达尔州)和西部(西哈萨克斯坦州)地区的患者中收集了936份临床样本(835份鼻咽拭子和101份血清)。对835份鼻咽拭子进行初步筛查,发现流感病毒遗传物质占20.48%,甲型流感病毒占20.36%,乙型流感病毒占0.12%。甲型流感病毒PCR阳性标本分型结果显示,甲型h1n1 / pdm09流感病毒遗传物质占14.01%,甲型H3N2流感病毒遗传物质占4.91%。1.66%未确定病毒亚型。经鼻咽拭子病毒学检查,获得14株分离株,其中13株为甲型流感/H1N1pdm09病毒,1株为甲型流感/H3N2病毒。经血清学分析,101份血清中存在抗流感病毒A/H1N1pdm09的血凝素,占总样本数的28.71%,A/H3N2占30.69%,B型占3.96%。12.87%的病例同时检测到两种流感病毒亚型(A和B)的抗体。ELISA检测发现甲型H1N1流感病毒抗体占24.75%,甲型H3N2流感病毒抗体占19.80%,乙型流感病毒抗体占14.85%。2.97%的患者血清中同时检测到A、B两种流感病毒抗体。结论。本文中提出的病毒学和血清学研究结果表明,2018-2019年期间,在哈萨克斯坦所检查的州中存在甲型h1n1流感病毒、甲型H3N2流感病毒和乙型流感病毒的传播。关键词:病毒,血凝素,流感,诊断,分离,神经氨酸酶,循环
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引用次数: 0
Clinical and epidemiological significance of diarrhea in children with COVID-19 新冠肺炎患儿腹泻的临床和流行病学意义
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-3-30-36
L. N. Mazankovа, S. G. Gorbunov, E. Samitova, I. Osmanov, V. Akimkin, A. Ploskireva, А.N. Os’kin, A. Mishkin
Objective. To show the clinical and epidemiological significance of diarrhea and SARS-CoV-2 excretion in the feces of COVID-19 patients in children. Patients and methods. 42 case histories of children with COVID-19 hospitalized and examined by PCR for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in nasal and oropharyngeal swabs, as well as in feces were ana-lyzed. Design: retrospective analysis of patient medical records. Results. It was shown that watery diarrhea was observed in 2.4% of children with verified COVID-19, vomiting and abdominal pain – in 4.8%. In the blood test, lymphocytosis prevailed. In all the examined patients, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected not only in nasal and oropharyngeal swabs, but also in feces, while in 4.8% of children, the virus was excreted in feces for a longer time than in the respiratory tract. In the epidemiological history of 100% of patients, there was no indication of contact with a patient with acute diarrhea. Conclusion. These facts indicate that, despite the infrequently registered diarrhea in COVID-19 in childhood, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the feces of a significant number of such patients may have important clinical and epidemiological significance, contributing to the fecaloral transmission of this infection, which requires additional study due to the small number and incon-sistency of currently known data. Key words: diarrhea, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, children
目标。目的探讨儿童COVID-19患者腹泻及粪便中SARS-CoV-2排泄的临床及流行病学意义。患者和方法。对42例住院的COVID-19患儿进行鼻、口咽拭子及粪便中SARS-CoV-2 RNA PCR检测。设计:回顾性分析患者医疗记录。结果。结果显示,确诊COVID-19的儿童中有2.4%出现水样腹泻,4.8%出现呕吐和腹痛。血检以淋巴细胞增多为主。在所有检查的患者中,不仅在鼻咽拭子中检测到SARS-CoV-2 RNA,而且在粪便中也检测到SARS-CoV-2 RNA,而4.8%的儿童中,病毒在粪便中排泄的时间比在呼吸道中排泄的时间长。在100%患者的流行病学史中,没有与急性腹泻患者接触的指征。结论。这些事实表明,尽管COVID-19儿童腹泻病例并不多见,但在大量此类患者的粪便中检测到SARS-CoV-2 RNA可能具有重要的临床和流行病学意义,有助于这种感染的粪便传播,由于目前已知数据数量少且不一致,需要进一步研究。关键词:腹泻,COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2,儿童
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引用次数: 0
Favorable outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in an HIV-infected patient HIV感染患者进行性多灶性白质脑病的有利结果
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-131-134
E. A. Samotolkina, A. Pokrovskaya, E. S. Samotolkina, D. Popova, Moscow Russian Federation Human Wellbeing
In this article, we report a case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in an HIV-infected patient receiving antiretroviral therapy. The case is interesting because of its favorable outcome despite severe clinical manifestations of the disease. Key words: HIV infection, case report, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
在这篇文章中,我们报告了一例在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的hiv感染患者中出现进行性多灶性白质脑病。这个病例很有趣,因为尽管该疾病的临床表现严重,但它的预后良好。关键词:HIV感染,病例报告,进行性多灶性脑白质病
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引用次数: 1
Epidemic process of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation: interim results. 2nd report 2019冠状病毒病在俄罗斯联邦的流行过程:中期结果2日报告
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-10-15
N. Pshenichnaya, G. Zhuravlev, A. A. Erovichenkov, V. Akimkin
Objective. To perform an interim analysis of epidemiological parameters of COVID-19 related to contacts and secondary cases of infection in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. We analyzed 190,856 primary COVID-19 cases and 146,996 people who had been in contact with them. We used some data of monitoring performed by the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing in January–June 2020. We characterized the foci of infection and people who had contacts with primary COVID-19 cases and secondary cases of infection. Results. Just over half (50.02%) of study participants who had contacts with COVID-19 contacted with primary patients with mild disease, whereas 45.40% of individuals contacted with patients with moderate disease and 4.58% of individuals had contacts with patients with severe disease. Patients with mild COVID-19 interacted with more people, which resulted in a greater number of secondary cases of infection. The highest proportion of both primary COVID-19 patients and people who had contact with COVID-19 was observed in the age group of 41–64 years (44.42% and 44.51%, respectively). Approximately one third of COVID-19 patients and people who had contact with COVID-19 were 18 to 40 years old (30.20% and 34.21% respectively). The proportions of children aged 0–6 years and 7–17 years among COVID-19 patients were 2.70% and 4.02%, respectively; the same proportions among those who had contact with COVID-19 cases were 1.94 and 3.13%, respectively. Household contacts were the most common ways of COVID-19 transmission in all age groups. Patients aged between 40 and 64 years played the most significant role in the transmission of this infection in different foci. Individuals from this age group comprised 42.02% of patients infected in social institutions, 43.40% of those who had household contacts, and 47.70% of those infected at work. Conclusion. Patients with mild and moderate disease aged 18 to 64 years had the highest number of contacts and, therefore, caused the highest number of secondary cases of infection. Household contacts played the most important role in COVID-19 transmission in all age groups. Among people aged 18 to 64 years, COVID-19 transmission at work was also important. In all foci of infection, the majority of patients were in the age group of 40–64 years. Our findings can be used to optimize the preventive measures for COVID-19. Key words: epidemic process, age groups, severity, contacts, COVID-19, Russia, household contacts
目标。对俄罗斯联邦境内与接触者和继发感染病例相关的COVID-19流行病学参数进行中期分析。材料和方法。我们分析了190,856例新冠肺炎原发病例和146,996名与他们接触过的人。我们使用了联邦消费者权益保护和人类福利监督局在2020年1月至6月期间进行的一些监测数据。我们描述了感染源和与COVID-19原发病例和继发病例有过接触的人的特征。结果。在与COVID-19有过接触的研究参与者中,略多于一半(50.02%)的人与原发性轻度疾病患者有过接触,而与中度疾病患者有过接触的人占45.40%,与重度疾病患者有过接触的人占4.58%。轻症患者接触人群增多,继发感染病例增多。41 ~ 64岁人群中新冠肺炎原发患者和接触者所占比例最高,分别为44.42%和44.51%。大约三分之一的COVID-19患者和接触过COVID-19的人年龄在18至40岁之间(分别为30.20%和34.21%)。0 ~ 6岁儿童和7 ~ 17岁儿童在COVID-19患者中所占比例分别为2.70%和4.02%;与此同时,与新冠肺炎接触者的比例分别为1.94%和3.13%。家庭接触是所有年龄组中最常见的COVID-19传播方式。年龄在40 ~ 64岁之间的患者在不同部位的感染传播中起着最重要的作用。在社会机构感染的患者中,这一年龄组占42.02%,在有家庭接触者中占43.40%,在工作场所感染的占47.70%。结论。18至64岁的轻度和中度疾病患者接触人数最多,因此引起继发感染病例的人数最多。家庭接触者在所有年龄组的COVID-19传播中发挥了最重要的作用。在18至64岁的人群中,COVID-19在工作中的传播也很重要。在所有感染灶中,大多数患者年龄在40-64岁之间。我们的发现可用于优化COVID-19的预防措施。关键词:流行过程、年龄组、严重程度、接触者、COVID-19、俄罗斯、家庭接触者
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引用次数: 5
Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients with tuberculosis and HIV 结核和艾滋病患者免疫重建炎症综合征风险增加的单核苷酸多态性分析
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-97-104
A. Bukharina, Moscow Russian Federation Human Wellbeing, K. Mironov, V. Zimina
Tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is the development or progression of tuberculosis associated with restoration of active immune response to mycobacteria following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIVinfected patients. The incidence of TB-IRIS is 18% with mortality reaching 2%. Investigation of TB-IRIS in Russia is very important, since the prevalence of TB coinfection is common among HIV-infected patients; in addition to that, HIV is often detected at late stages characterized by severe immunosuppression, which increases the risk of TB-IRIS. This review focuses on single-nucleotide polymorphisms and some other genetic factors associated with an increased risk of TB-IRIS. Key words: antiretroviral therapy, HIV infection, genetic predisposition, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, TB-IRIS, tuberculosis, gene expression
结核免疫重建炎症综合征(TB-IRIS)是指在hiv感染患者开始抗逆转录病毒治疗后,与对分枝杆菌的主动免疫应答恢复相关的结核病的发生或进展。结核病- iris的发病率为18%,死亡率达到2%。俄罗斯结核病- iris调查非常重要,因为结核病合并感染在艾滋病毒感染患者中普遍存在;除此之外,艾滋病毒通常在以严重免疫抑制为特征的晚期才被发现,这增加了结核病- iris的风险。本文综述了与TB-IRIS风险增加相关的单核苷酸多态性和一些其他遗传因素。关键词:抗逆转录病毒治疗,HIV感染,遗传易感性,单核苷酸多态性,TB-IRIS,结核病,基因表达
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引用次数: 1
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis C and severe interferon system suppression 慢性丙型肝炎伴严重干扰素系统抑制患者的临床和实验室特征
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-2-60-64
Z. Ponezheva, I. Mannanova, V. Makashova, A. A. Erovichenkov, S. Shabalina, A. Gorelov
Objective. To identify specific clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and severe interferon (IFN) system suppression. Patients and methods. This study was conducted at the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology, Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. We enrolled and examined 76 patients with confirmed CHC aged 18 to 80 years who had been followed up for at least 3 years. We analyzed the level of IFN-producing T-lymphocytes, IFN status, serum levels of IFN-α, -γ and -λ depending on viral and biochemical activity, and genotype. In addition to that, we evaluated the association between the IFN system parameters and age, duration of infection, genotype, viral load, and stage of liver fibrosis. The control group comprised 30 healthy individuals who had no complaints and no clinical or laboratory changes at the time of examination. Results. We identified 3 grades of IFN system suppression: grade 1–moderate (in 21% of patients), grade 2–mild (inadequate) (in 47% of patients), and grade 3–severe (in 32% of patients). We analyzed clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with grade 3 IFN system suppression and evaluated the IFN system depending on age, duration of infection, genotype, viral and biochemical activity. We found that severe IFN system suppression correlated with duration of infection, stage of liver fibrosis with a tendency to increased levels of T-lymphocytes expressing receptors for IFN-α and IFN-γ (CD118+, CD119+). Key words: chronic hepatitis C, genotype, interferon status
目标。确定慢性丙型肝炎(CHC)和干扰素(IFN)系统严重抑制患者的特定临床和实验室特征。患者和方法。这项研究是在联邦消费者权利保护和人类福利监督局流行病学研究所感染病理学临床部进行的。我们招募并检查了76例年龄在18至80岁之间的确诊CHC患者,这些患者至少随访了3年。我们分析了产生IFN的t淋巴细胞水平、IFN状态、血清IFN-α、-γ和-λ水平,这取决于病毒和生化活性以及基因型。除此之外,我们还评估了IFN系统参数与年龄、感染持续时间、基因型、病毒载量和肝纤维化分期之间的关系。对照组由30名健康个体组成,他们在检查时没有抱怨,也没有临床或实验室变化。结果。我们确定了3个等级的IFN系统抑制:1 -中度(21%的患者),2 -轻度(不足)(47%的患者)和3 -重度(32%的患者)。我们分析了3级IFN系统抑制患者的临床和实验室特征,并根据年龄、感染持续时间、基因型、病毒和生化活性评估了IFN系统。我们发现严重的IFN系统抑制与感染持续时间、肝纤维化阶段以及表达IFN-α和IFN-γ受体(CD118+, CD119+)的t淋巴细胞水平升高的趋势相关。关键词:慢性丙型肝炎,基因型,干扰素状态
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引用次数: 0
Serotonin adipate in intensive therapy of patients with severe COVID-19 己二酸血清素在重症COVID-19患者强化治疗中的应用
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-3-139-145
M. V. Bykov, D.V. Chernyshyov, E. Lazareva, S. V. Krasnova, N. A. Tsvetkova, Z. Ponezheva, V. Akimkin, V. Maleev
In this article, we discuss the history of discovery of serotonin deficiency and therapy for it. We described the experience of using serotonin adipate as a part of comprehensive intensive therapy for severe COVID-19. We also describe treatment outcome of a 52-year-old female patient treated in the intensive care unit of the Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases No 2 with a diagnosis of community-acquired polysegmental pneumonia, confirmed COVID-19, and functional intestinal obstruction. Her condition was complicated by infectious and toxic dilated cardiomyopathy of mixed origin (caused by both coronavirus itself and substrates of enterogenic endotoxicosis) and hemodynamic instability manifesting itself with arterial hypotension that required micro-injections of norepinephrine. The comprehensive treatment aimed to eliminate growing endotoxicosis caused by intestinal insufficiency, so we had to adjust her intensive therapy by adding serotonin adipate to the treatment scheme. Good treatment outcome of this patient was ensured by an improved strategy of intensive therapy that included a drug restoring and stimulating functions of smooth muscles. Later, the patient was transferred to the specialized department, recovered, and discharged from hospital. Key words: intensive care, COVID-19, serotonin adipate
在本文中,我们讨论了血清素缺乏症的发现历史和治疗方法。我们描述了使用己二酸血清素作为重症COVID-19综合强化治疗的一部分的经验。我们还描述了一名在第二传染病临床医院重症监护室接受治疗的52岁女性患者的治疗结果,该患者诊断为社区获得性多节段性肺炎,确诊为COVID-19,并伴有功能性肠梗阻。她的病情并发感染性和毒性扩张性心肌病的混合来源(由冠状病毒本身和肠源性内毒性底物引起)和血流动力学不稳定表现为动脉低血压,需要微量注射去甲肾上腺素。综合治疗的目的是消除肠道功能不全引起的生长性内毒素中毒,因此我们不得不调整她的强化治疗,在治疗方案中加入己二酸血清素。通过改进的强化治疗策略,包括恢复和刺激平滑肌功能的药物,确保了该患者的良好治疗结果。随后,患者转至专科,康复出院。关键词:重症监护,COVID-19,己二酸血清素
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引用次数: 0
Brucellosis in Omsk region in 2008–2018 2008-2018年鄂木斯克地区布鲁氏菌病
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-2-95-100
A. Nurpeysova, Yu. A. Pnevskiy, A. Ivanchikov, V.Yu. Pleshkov, D.I. Aleksandrova, E. Lyapina
Omsk region is part of the Siberian Federal district (SFD), for many years the situation on brucellosis in the region is characterized as unstable. The objective of the study was to analyze the clinical and epidemiological situation of brucellosis in Omsk and Omsk region in 2008–2018 and to identify the relationship between the incidence of brucellosis in humans and the location of enterprises for processing animal products. Material and methods. We have conducted an analysis of 407 of official records in epidemiologi-epidemiological situation in the Omsk region for the period 2008–2018 and the data portal, participants of the market of dairy (http://milknet.ru) and cold (http://meatinfo.ru) products. Results. Indicators of the incidence of brucellosis in the region exceeded significantly those in the Siberian Federal district and Russia in general. The peak of brucellosis incidence in Omsk region was in 2008–2010. The risk groups were people of working age (40–59 years). The connection of the disease with the profession was established in 44 patients with brucellosis. The prevalence of chronic brucellosis in 41 (45.0%) patients and residual brucellosis in 12 (13.0%) patients over other clinical variants was revealed. Epizootological situation of brucellosis in Omsk region was characterized as unstable. During the analyzed period, 22 unfavorable points on brucellosis of farm animals were registered. Most of the problem areas (20 out of 22) were identified in private households. The number of cases of brucellosis is comparable with the number of enterprises for processing raw materials of animal origin. Conclusion. To improve the effectiveness of measures taken to combat brucellosis in the region, strict monitoring of compliance with sanitary and anti-epidemic measures in enterprises of all forms of ownership and real programs to support private owners of the animals. Key words: brucellosis, Omsk region, epidemic situation, epizootic situation
鄂木斯克州是西伯利亚联邦区(SFD)的一部分,多年来该地区的布鲁氏菌病情况不稳定。该研究的目的是分析2008-2018年鄂木斯克和鄂木斯克地区布鲁氏菌病的临床和流行病学情况,并确定人类布鲁氏菌病发病率与动物产品加工企业所在地之间的关系。材料和方法。我们对2008-2018年鄂木斯克州流行病学-流行病学情况的官方记录和数据门户网站、乳制品(http://milknet.ru)和冷产品(http://meatinfo.ru)市场参与者进行了分析。结果。该地区布鲁氏菌病发病率指标大大超过西伯利亚联邦区和俄罗斯的总体发病率指标。鄂木斯克州布鲁氏菌病发病高峰出现在2008-2010年。高危人群为工作年龄人群(40-59岁)。在44例布鲁氏菌病患者中确定了该疾病与职业的联系。41例(45.0%)患者患慢性布鲁氏菌病,12例(13.0%)患者患残留布鲁氏菌病。鄂木斯克地区布鲁氏菌病流行病学形势不稳定。分析期间共登记了22个农场动物布鲁氏菌病不利点。大多数问题领域(22个中的20个)是在私人家庭中发现的。布鲁氏菌病的病例数与动物源性原料加工企业的数量相当。结论。提高本地区防治布鲁氏菌病措施的有效性,严格监测各种所有制企业遵守卫生和防疫措施的情况,并制定切实方案,支持动物的私人所有者。关键词:布鲁氏菌病;鄂木斯克地区;疫情
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引用次数: 0
Clinical characteristics and mechanisms underlying the development of organ pathology in patients with chronic brucellosis 慢性布鲁氏菌病患者器官病理发展的临床特征和机制
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-3-67-77
E. Lyapina, A. Shuldyakov, A. V. Sofina, G. Kozhevnikova, A. Nurpeisova, A. Danilov, A. V. Anashchenko, A. Evdokimov, E. Zubareva, Y. Linkova, A. N. Smagina, E.G. Gladilina
Objective. To analyze specific characteristics and mechanisms underlying the development of organ pathology in patients with chronic brucellosis (CB). Patients and methods. This study included more than 500 patients with CB treated in Saratov hospitals in 2003–2018. In addition to standard examination, all study participants have undergone the assessment of their lipid peroxidation/antioxidant defense system, levels of major cytokines, markers of endotoxicosis (ET), and tissue-specific autoreactive antibodies. Results and discussion. The vast majority of patients (98.2%) had their musculoskeletal system affected; lesions to the autonomic nervous system and peripheral nervous system were observed in 97.5% and 88.8% of patients, respectively; almost half of males (45%) had their reproductive organs affected; approximately one-third of participants (26.7–32.9%) had cardiovascular disorders with myocardial lesions. The severity of systemic inflammation, ET, and autoimmune reactions depended on the CB activity and determined the development of organ pathology. We found that vascular and mechanical factors were important for the development of lesions to the peripheral nervous system and reproductive organs in men. Patients, in whom the diagnosis of CB was verified 2 years following onset of symptoms, were more likely to develop exacerbations, had more organs and systems affected, and had higher risk of disability. Conclusion. Comprehensive examination revealed multiple organ lesions in all CB patients, associated not only with damage caused by the pathogen at the site of specific inflammation, but also with the involvement of vascular and mechanical factors, as well as the consequences of systemic inflammatory response, ET, and autoimmune reactions. Late diagnosis was associated with more severe clinical manifestations of CB. Key words: brucellosis, clinical manifestations of chronic brucellosis, systemic inflammation, endotoxicosis
目标。分析慢性布鲁氏菌病(CB)患者器官病理发展的具体特征和机制。患者和方法。该研究包括2003-2018年在萨拉托夫医院接受治疗的500多名CB患者。除标准检查外,所有研究参与者都接受了脂质过氧化/抗氧化防御系统、主要细胞因子水平、内毒素中毒(ET)标志物和组织特异性自身反应性抗体的评估。结果和讨论。绝大多数患者(98.2%)的肌肉骨骼系统受到影响;自主神经系统和周围神经系统病变分别占97.5%和88.8%;几乎一半的男性(45%)生殖器官受到影响;大约三分之一的参与者(26.7-32.9%)患有心血管疾病并伴有心肌病变。全身炎症、ET和自身免疫反应的严重程度取决于CB活性,并决定了器官病理的发展。我们发现血管和机械因素对男性周围神经系统和生殖器官病变的发展很重要。在症状出现2年后确诊为CB的患者,更有可能出现恶化,有更多的器官和系统受到影响,并有更高的残疾风险。结论。综合检查发现所有CB患者均出现多脏器病变,不仅与特异性炎症部位的病原体损伤有关,还与血管和机械因素的参与以及全身炎症反应、ET和自身免疫反应的后果有关。诊断较晚与CB临床表现较严重相关。关键词:布鲁氏菌病;慢性布鲁氏菌病;全身性炎症
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Infektsionnye Bolezni
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