Journal of Power Sources最新文献_第10页

Optimization of fuel cell heavy-duty commercial vehicles sizing and energy management based on an offline-online framework 基于离线-在线框架的燃料电池重型商用车尺寸优化与能量管理

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239202

Jianhui You , Jinglai Wu , Yunqing Zhang , Weilong Shi

A fuel cell and battery hybrid driving system is an important approach to reducing the carbon emissions of heavy-duty commercial vehicles, which require longer driving ranges and higher driving power. For fuel cell heavy-duty commercial vehicles (FCHCVs), the component sizing of the fuel cell and battery, as well as the energy management strategy (EMS), exert a significant influence on operating costs. To address the challenge of high computational cost in component sizing optimization, the bi-level offline optimization strategy with higher efficiency is proposed. The outer-layer optimization leverages a genetic algorithm (GA) to determine the optimal sizes of the fuel cell and battery by minimizing the total operating cost of FCHCVs, while the inner-layer optimization utilizes linear programming (LP) to identify the optimal power allocation strategy between the fuel cell and battery. LP exhibits the same accuracy as the benchmark method, dynamic programming (DP), yet offers significantly higher computational efficiency than DP. After determining the optimal component sizes, an online multi-objective EMS (MOEMS) is developed. The MOEMS allocates power between the fuel cell and battery by minimizing in real time the total cost, which includes hydrogen consumption, battery equivalent hydrogen consumption, and degradation of the fuel cell and battery. Simulation results from standard driving cycles and a practical long-range driving cycle indicate that the MOEMS achieves lower overall costs compared to the original rule-based EMS (REMS).

燃料电池和电池混合动力驱动系统是降低重型商用车碳排放的重要途径，重型商用车需要更长的行驶里程和更高的驱动功率。对于燃料电池重型商用车（fchcv）来说，燃料电池和电池的部件尺寸以及能源管理策略（EMS）对运营成本有重要影响。针对零件尺寸优化计算成本高的问题，提出了一种效率较高的双级离线优化策略。外部优化利用遗传算法（GA）来确定燃料电池和电池的最佳尺寸，以最小化fchcv的总运行成本，而内部优化利用线性规划（LP）来确定燃料电池和电池之间的最佳功率分配策略。LP具有与基准方法动态规划（DP）相同的精度，但提供比DP更高的计算效率。在确定了最优零件尺寸后，建立了在线多目标机电系统（MOEMS）。MOEMS通过实时最小化总成本（包括氢消耗、电池等效氢消耗以及燃料电池和电池的退化），在燃料电池和电池之间分配电力。标准驾驶工况和实际远程驾驶工况的仿真结果表明，与原始的基于规则的EMS （REMS）相比，MOEMS的总成本更低。

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引用次数: 0

Engineered flow fields for enhanced vanadium redox flow battery performance using topology optimization 利用拓扑优化技术提高钒氧化还原液流电池性能的工程流场

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239181

Napaswarin Janpetch , Naruemol Prasongdai , Sangduen Changpradit , Poramet Aiemsathit , Nut Suwanpakdee , Chanakarn Thamsiriprideeporn , Kotchakarn Nantasaksiri , Anak Khantachawana , Takahiro Suzuki , Shohji Tsushima , Patcharawat Charoen-amornkitt

We report the first experimental implementation of a topology-optimized flow field design in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). Using a pseudo-2D numerical model, we generated a branched, interdigitated-like structure reminiscent of natural transport networks. The design was fabricated onto graphite bipolar plates and tested against conventional interdigitated flow fields under varying electrolyte flow rates. At relatively high flow rates, the topology-optimized design improved power density by 17–30 %, consistently providing higher voltage efficiency while maintaining a lower pressure drop. We also observed uniform pressure distribution and reduced electrode compression during assembly, attributed to the branched design. While gravitational effects limit performance at relatively low flow rates, the overall results demonstrate that topology optimization offers a compelling strategy for improving mass transport and cell efficiency. This approach opens new directions for nature-inspired design in electrochemical energy systems.

我们报道了钒氧化还原液流电池（vrfb）中拓扑优化流场设计的第一个实验实现。使用伪二维数值模型，我们生成了一个分支的、交叉数字化的结构，让人联想到自然的运输网络。该设计被制作在石墨双极板上，并在不同电解质流速下对传统的交叉流场进行了测试。在相对较高的流量下，拓扑优化设计将功率密度提高了17 - 30%，在保持较低压降的同时始终提供更高的电压效率。我们还观察到均匀的压力分布和减少电极压缩在组装过程中，归因于分支设计。虽然重力效应限制了相对低流速下的性能，但总体结果表明，拓扑优化为提高质量传递和电池效率提供了一个令人信服的策略。这种方法为电化学能源系统的自然启发设计开辟了新的方向。

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引用次数: 0

Pushing the boundaries of supercapacitor stability: A sulfone-based electrolyte for harsh operating conditions 突破超级电容器稳定性的界限：用于恶劣操作条件的基于砜的电解质

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239128

Hoai Van T. Nguyen , Byeong Chan Kim , May Zin Thet, Kyung-Koo Lee

Developing supercapacitors with high operating voltages and wide temperature stability is critical for expanding their applications. In this work, we have developed high-performance electrolytes using two sulfone-based solvents, ethyl iso-butyl sulfone (EiBS) and ethyl sec-butyl sulfone (EsBS). Both solvents feature intrinsically low melting points, high boiling points, and their electrolytes provide a wide electrochemical stability window of ≥5.5 V. Supercapacitors using these electrolytes demonstrate excellent long-term cycling stability under floating conditions, retaining 77.4 % of initial capacitance at 3.6 V after 1000 h for EiBS, and 81.2 % at 3.7 V for EsBS electrolyte. Furthermore, the EsBS-based electrolyte enable stable operation at a high voltage of 3.9 V under continuous charge-discharge cycling at 1 A g⁻¹. Notably, the supercapacitor utilizing the EsBS also sustains reliable performance under high-temperature floating conditions, operating stably at 3.6 V (60 °C), and at 3.3 V (80 °C), as well as functioning well at low temperatures (−20 °C), highlighting its strong potential for high-voltage and wide-temperature operation in harsh conditions.

开发具有高工作电压和宽温度稳定性的超级电容器是扩大其应用范围的关键。在这项工作中，我们开发了两种基于砜的溶剂，乙基异丁基砜（EiBS）和乙基仲丁基砜（EsBS）的高性能电解质。这两种溶剂都具有低熔点，高沸点的特点，它们的电解质提供≥5.5 V的宽电化学稳定窗口。使用这些电解质的超级电容器在浮动条件下表现出优异的长期循环稳定性，在3.6 V条件下，EiBS在1000小时后保持77.4%的初始电容，在3.7 V条件下保持81.2%的初始电容。此外，基于esbs的电解质在1 ag−1的连续充放电循环下可以在3.9 V的高压下稳定工作。值得注意的是，利用EsBS的超级电容器在高温浮式条件下也保持了可靠的性能，在3.6 V（60°C）和3.3 V（80°C）下稳定运行，以及在低温（- 20°C）下运行良好，突出了其在恶劣条件下高压和宽温运行的强大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a self-powered soil sensor using soil microbial fuel cells for power autonomous sensors for smart agriculture 基于土壤微生物燃料电池的智能农业动力自主传感器的研制

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239198

Moungsung Kim , Rodrigo Fernández-Feito , Junsang Park , Hyunjin Kim , Woowon Jeong , Richard M. Dinsdale , Bongkyu Kim

The implementation of smart farming technologies requires various power systems. However, current techniques often result in high maintenance costs owing to frequent battery replacement and infrastructure complexity. This study has introduced a self-powered soil sensor system based on soil microbial fuel cells (SMFCs), which generate electricity through the microbial metabolism of naturally occurring organic matter in environment. After an enrichment phase lasting 23 d, each unit reached a peak power output of approximately 0.34 mW. When ten units were connected in parallel, the system achieved a cumulative output of approximately 3.07 mW, enhancing the current capacity while maintaining a stable voltage. A power-management system (PMS) was employed to regulate and boost the harvested energy to drive the multiparameter soil sensor. Throughout the extended operation, the PMS maintained consistent output performance with an energy conversion efficiency of approximately 90 %. The sensor system operated reliably for over 250 days without any external power input. These results demonstrate the potential of SMFC-based systems as long-term, low-maintenance energy sources for agricultural monitoring, particularly in decentralized or smart agricultural environments, where continuous power delivery remains a challenge.

智能农业技术的实施需要各种电力系统。然而，由于频繁更换电池和基础设施的复杂性，目前的技术往往导致高昂的维护成本。本研究介绍了一种基于土壤微生物燃料电池（smfc）的自供电土壤传感器系统，该系统通过微生物对环境中自然存在的有机物的代谢来发电。在持续23 d的富集阶段后，每个单元的峰值输出功率约为0.34 mW。当10个单元并联时，系统的累计输出约为3.07 mW，在保持稳定电压的同时增强了电流容量。采用电源管理系统（PMS）对采集的能量进行调节和提升，驱动多参数土壤传感器。在整个延长运行期间，PMS保持稳定的输出性能，能量转换效率约为90%。传感器系统在没有任何外部电源输入的情况下可靠运行超过250天。这些结果证明了基于smfc的系统作为农业监测的长期、低维护能源的潜力，特别是在分散或智能农业环境中，持续的电力输送仍然是一个挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Fractional-order-model-based state-of-charge fusion estimation for multi-chemistry lithium-ion batteries 基于分数阶模型的多化学锂离子电池荷电状态融合估计

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239186

Zhihui Zhao , Farong Kou , Tianxiang Yang , Xing Fu

Accurate and generalizable state-of-charge (SOC) estimation remains challenging for lithium-ion batteries due to diverse chemistries and dynamic conditions. This study proposes a multi-chemistry SOC estimation method that integrates a fractional-order model (FOM)-based adaptive fractional-order Extended Kalman Filter (AFOEKF) with an enhanced eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model. A stability-augmented sliding-window recursive particle swarm optimization (SA-SWR-PSO) algorithm is employed for quasi-online identification of FOM parameters, enhancing continuity and robustness. The enhanced XGBoost model incorporates internal state features and applies variational mode decomposition to improve prediction stability. A key contribution is the adaptive-threshold optimal fusion (AOF) mechanism, which triggers fusion based on the peak terminal voltage innovation within a sliding window and dynamically adjusts fusion weights according to recent estimation error variances. This mechanism selectively fuses model-based and data-driven estimates, improving accuracy for the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) battery under dynamic conditions and addressing estimation challenges of the flat voltage plateau in the lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves an average root mean square error of 0.043 % for the NCM battery under WLTC and NEDC cycles, and 0.172 % for the LFP battery under UDDS and US06 cycles, significantly outperforming existing methods across both chemistries.

由于锂离子电池的化学成分和动态条件的多样性，准确和通用的荷电状态（SOC）估计仍然是一个挑战。本研究提出了一种多化学SOC估计方法，该方法将基于分数阶模型（FOM）的自适应分数阶扩展卡尔曼滤波（AFOEKF）与增强的极限梯度增强（XGBoost）模型相结合。采用稳定性增强滑动窗口递推粒子群优化（SA-SWR-PSO）算法进行FOM参数的准在线辨识，增强了FOM参数的连续性和鲁棒性。增强的XGBoost模型结合了内部状态特征，并采用变分模态分解来提高预测稳定性。其中一个关键的贡献是自适应阈值最优融合（AOF）机制，该机制基于滑动窗口内的峰值终端电压创新触发融合，并根据最近的估计误差方差动态调整融合权重。该机制选择性地融合了基于模型和数据驱动的估计，提高了锂镍钴锰氧化物（NCM）电池在动态条件下的准确性，并解决了磷酸铁锂（LFP）电池平坦电压平台的估计挑战。实验结果表明，该方法对NCM电池在WLTC和NEDC循环下的平均均方根误差为0.043%，对LFP电池在UDDS和US06循环下的平均均方根误差为0.172%，显著优于现有的两种化学方法。

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引用次数: 0

Factors influencing slope and plateau capacities of hard carbon anodes: A mathematical modeling perspective 影响硬碳阳极斜坡和高原容量的因素：一个数学模型的观点

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239143

Ankit Gupta, Dipayan Mukherjee

The “adsorption–intercalation–pore-filling”-type sodiation mechanism of hard carbon (HC) anodes is a topic of intense ongoing research. This paper develops a continuum mathematical model for HC sodiation using a single particle modeling (SPM) framework. The nanoporous HC particles are modeled as an assemblage of polydisperse hollow spheres with uniform porosity. Governing equations along with boundary and interface conditions at a representative hollow sphere (RHS) scale are derived via an Onsager-type variational principle. The inner-surface interface condition reveals that Na desorption energy critically governs the onset of pore-filling. A theoretical upper bound of the Na desorption energy for the pore-filling initiation is predicted by the model. The descriptive and predictive capabilities of the model are examined against several published experimental voltage-capacity response datasets. The results indicate that the plateau capacity is directly proportional to the closed porosity in HC anode particles, while the slope capacity increases proportionally with the

d

-spacing of randomly oriented graphitic domains. An analytical expression for the effective electrode stress is derived, which exhibits a reasonable quantitative agreement with published experimental data. This framework offers a novel mathematical tool for understanding and optimizing HC sodiation behavior.

硬碳（HC）阳极的“吸附-插层-孔隙-填充”型酸化机理是目前研究的热点。本文利用单粒子建模（SPM）框架，建立了HC辐射的连续统数学模型。纳米多孔HC粒子被建模为具有均匀孔隙率的多分散空心球体的组合。利用onsager型变分原理推导了具有代表性的空心球（RHS）尺度下的边界条件和界面条件的控制方程。内表面界面条件表明，Na解吸能对孔隙填充的发生起着关键的控制作用。用该模型预测了孔隙填充引发Na解吸能的理论上界。该模型的描述和预测能力通过几个已发表的实验电压-容量响应数据集进行了检验。结果表明，高原容量与HC阳极颗粒的闭合孔隙率成正比，而斜坡容量与随机取向石墨畴的d-间距成正比。导出了有效电极应力的解析表达式，该表达式与已发表的实验数据有较好的定量一致性。该框架为理解和优化HC调解行为提供了一种新的数学工具。

{"title":"Factors influencing slope and plateau capacities of hard carbon anodes: A mathematical modeling perspective","authors":"Ankit Gupta, Dipayan Mukherjee","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The “adsorption–intercalation–pore-filling”-type sodiation mechanism of hard carbon (HC) anodes is a topic of intense ongoing research. This paper develops a continuum mathematical model for HC sodiation using a single particle modeling (SPM) framework. The nanoporous HC particles are modeled as an assemblage of polydisperse hollow spheres with uniform porosity. Governing equations along with boundary and interface conditions at a representative hollow sphere (RHS) scale are derived via an Onsager-type variational principle. The inner-surface interface condition reveals that Na desorption energy critically governs the onset of pore-filling. A theoretical upper bound of the Na desorption energy for the pore-filling initiation is predicted by the model. The descriptive and predictive capabilities of the model are examined against several published experimental voltage-capacity response datasets. The results indicate that the plateau capacity is directly proportional to the closed porosity in HC anode particles, while the slope capacity increases proportionally with the <span><math><mi>d</mi></math></span>-spacing of randomly oriented graphitic domains. An analytical expression for the effective electrode stress is derived, which exhibits a reasonable quantitative agreement with published experimental data. This framework offers a novel mathematical tool for understanding and optimizing HC sodiation behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"666 ","pages":"Article 239143"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Powder-mixed electrical discharge machining of serpentine flow channels featuring a gradual width taper on fuel cell bipolar plates: Fabrication and corrosion resistance study 燃料电池双极板上逐渐变宽的蛇形流道的粉末混合电火花加工：制造和耐腐蚀研究

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239017

Renjie Ji , Jinghong Gao , Tianyu Liu , Kehuan Yin , Yongjin Feng , Renyi Gui

Bipolar plates are critical components in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, serving functions including mechanical support, electrical conduction, and heat dissipation. The flow channel structure on these plates determines reactant gas distribution uniformity, supply capability, and liquid water removal efficiency. Given their prolonged operation in acidic environments, bipolar plates require high corrosion resistance. Traditional channel machining methods suffer from significant tool wear and cannot achieve surface modification. This study proposes a novel approach using Powder-Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining to fabricate serpentine flow channels with gradient slope structures. The design incorporates passive blocking features, and its impact on flow field performance is analyzed. The effects of land-to-channel width ratio and channel depth on performance are systematically investigated. Results indicate that a land-to-channel ratio of 1:2 and a channel depth of 1.5 mm provide the optimal configuration. The gradient slope microstructure enhances water removal and mass transfer capabilities. Furthermore, the Powder-Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining process using a Nickel-Powder-Mixed Dielectric enhances corrosion resistance of the machined surface. Under optimal conditions, the proposed flow field achieves a 12.12 % higher output power compared to a conventional serpentine design.

双极板是质子交换膜燃料电池的关键部件，具有机械支撑、导电和散热等功能。这些板上的流道结构决定了反应物气体分布均匀性、供给能力和液态水去除效率。由于双极板在酸性环境中长期运行，因此需要高耐腐蚀性。传统的通道加工方法刀具磨损大，无法实现表面改性。本研究提出了一种利用混合粉末电火花加工制造具有坡度结构的蛇形流道的新方法。该设计结合了被动阻塞特性，并分析了其对流场性能的影响。系统地研究了地渠宽比和渠深对性能的影响。结果表明，土地与渠道的比例为1:2，渠道深度为1.5 mm是最佳配置。梯度坡面微观结构增强了水的去除和传质能力。此外，使用镍粉混合介质的混合电火花加工工艺提高了加工表面的耐腐蚀性。在最优条件下，与传统的蛇形设计相比，该流场的输出功率提高了12.12%。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical investigations of scalable loop-type flow fields with enhanced convective mass transfer for vanadium redox flow batteries 钒氧化还原液流电池增强对流传质的可伸缩环型流场数值研究

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239182

Zexin Zhou, Xu Yang, Nianben Zheng, Zhiqiang Sun

The architecture of flow fields plays a critical role in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) performance. However, traditional serpentine flow fields (SFF) often suffer from uneven distribution of active species, which limits their effectiveness under high-power-density conditions. To overcome this limitation, this study presents two modified flow field designs based on the serpentine configuration: the loop-type flow field (LFF) and the loop-type corrugated flow field (LCFF). These innovative designs optimize rib distribution and feature corrugated channel surfaces to enhance convective mass transfer and improve reactant uniformity. Three-dimensional numerical simulations indicate that the modified structures provoke disturbances during flow, enhance mass transfer, and lower equilibrium potential during electrochemical reactions, all of which significantly boost VRFB performance. Notably, at a current density of 300 mA/cm², the LCFF achieves a system efficiency of 80.4 % and an electrolyte utilization of 70.9 %, outperforming the LFF by 1.4 % and 8.1 %, and the SFF by 3.2 % and 17.1 %. Furthermore, scale-up studies confirm that the LCFF maintains superior performance, exhibiting a 4.3 % higher efficiency than the SFF. This study highlights the effectiveness of the optimized structures in enhancing battery performance and offers valuable insights for the scaling of VRFB systems.

流场结构对钒氧化还原液流电池的性能起着至关重要的作用。然而，传统的蛇形流场往往存在活性物质分布不均匀的问题，限制了其在高功率密度条件下的有效性。为了克服这一局限性，本研究提出了两种基于蛇形结构的改进流场设计：环型流场（LFF）和环型波纹流场（LCFF）。这些创新的设计优化肋分布和特征波纹通道表面，以加强对流传质和改善反应物均匀性。三维数值模拟结果表明，改性后的结构在流动过程中引起扰动，增强了传质，降低了电化学反应中的平衡势，显著提高了VRFB的性能。值得注意的是，在电流密度为300 mA/cm2时，LCFF的系统效率为80.4%，电解质利用率为70.9%，分别比LFF高1.4%和8.1%，比SFF高3.2%和17.1%。此外，放大研究证实，LCFF保持了优越的性能，其效率比SFF高出4.3%。该研究强调了优化结构在提高电池性能方面的有效性，并为VRFB系统的扩展提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Highly-cyclable Na-ion battery exploiting a nanostructured tin-carbon anode, layered-oxide P3/P2 cathode and a glyme-based electrolyte 高度可循环的钠离子电池，利用纳米结构锡碳阳极，层状氧化P3/P2阴极和glyme基电解质

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239124

Edoardo Barcaro , Daniel Amato , Vittorio Marangon , Dominic Bresser , Jusef Hassoun

Alternative materials to (purely) carbon-based anodes could enhance the energy density of sodium-ion batteries, and thus favor their complementarity to lithium-ion batteries. This work provides a viable setup of Na-ion cells combining a P3/P2 sodium-deficient layered cathode and a tin-carbon Na-alloying anode with a glyme-based electrolyte. Galvanostatic cycling in sodium half-cells of the water-processed alloying anode with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder shows a maximum capacity of ∼260 mAh g⁻¹, a capacity retention exceeding 70 % after 150 cycles, and an average Coulombic efficiency over 99 %. The multi-metal cathode evidences a great cycling stability over 100 cycles, with average Coulombic efficiency between 99.5 and 99.6 % as favored by the presence of Al³⁺ ions in its structure. Full Na-ion batteries exploiting ad hoc chemically-sodiated tin-based anode and sodium-deficient layered cathode operate with average working voltage of 3 V, and maximum capacity of 120 mAh g⁻¹ retained for 95 % over 100 cycles in the best experimental setup. The rationally designed full-cell reaches theoretical energy density between 310 and 250 Wh kg⁻¹ as referred to the cathode weight.

替代（纯）碳基阳极的材料可以提高钠离子电池的能量密度，从而有利于它们与锂离子电池的互补。这项工作提供了一种可行的钠离子电池装置，结合了P3/P2缺钠层状阴极和带有glyme基电解质的锡碳钠合金阳极。以羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）为粘结剂的水处理合金阳极的钠半电池恒流循环显示出最大容量为~ 260 mAh g - 1，循环150次后容量保持率超过70%，平均库仑效率超过99%。多金属阴极在100次循环中表现出良好的循环稳定性，由于其结构中存在Al3+离子，平均库仑效率在99.5 ~ 99.6%之间。在最佳实验条件下，采用化学酸化锡基阳极和缺钠层状阴极的全钠电池在平均工作电压为3 V的情况下工作，在100次循环中最大容量为120 mAh g - 1，保持率为95%。合理设计的全电池的理论能量密度达到310 ~ 250 Wh kg−1（参考阴极重量）。

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引用次数: 0

Decoupling of strength and conductivity in flexible graphite bipolar plates through Fenton-based surface functionalization for next-generation PEMFCs 基于fenton表面功能化的下一代pemfc柔性石墨双极板强度和电导率解耦

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239121

Quanquan Gan , Hao Pei , Liangfei Xu , Jianqiu Li , Wei Dai , Guoqiang Zhang , Zunyan Hu , Minggao Ouyang

Flexible graphite bipolar plates offer a promising pathway for cost-effective proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, their low flexural strength remains a critical limitation for ultrathin applications. This study presents a novel surface functionalization approach utilizing Fenton's reagent under vacuum-assisted impregnation to enhance mechanical properties while preserving electrical conductivity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirms successful oxygen functionalization (5.6 %), improving graphite-polyacrylate interfacial adhesion. Mercury porosimetry reveals selective preservation of sub-7 nm conductive pathways. Through systematic optimization, the oxygen functionalization enhances graphite-polyacrylate interfacial adhesion through hydrogen bonding, primarily accounting for the observed 26 % improvement in flexural strength, from 40.2 to 50.8 MPa, while maintaining electrical conductivity at 800 S/cm (in-plane) and 15.3 S/cm (through-plane). The optimized plates are successfully integrated into a 15-cell PEMFC stack with 300 cm² active area, demonstrating performance comparable to conventional computer numerical control (CNC)-machined plates. This scalable strategy provides a practical route for developing high-performance bipolar plates meeting next-generation PEMFC requirements.

柔性石墨双极板是一种极具成本效益的质子交换膜燃料电池（pemfc）。然而，它们的低弯曲强度仍然是超薄应用的一个关键限制。本研究提出了一种新的表面功能化方法，利用Fenton试剂在真空辅助浸渍下提高机械性能，同时保持导电性。x射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析证实了成功的氧功能化（5.6%），改善了石墨-聚丙烯酸酯界面的附着力。汞孔隙度测定法显示了亚7纳米导电通路的选择性保存。通过系统优化，氧功能化通过氢键增强了石墨-聚丙烯酸酯界面的粘附性，主要是将抗弯强度提高了26%，从40.2 MPa提高到50.8 MPa，同时将电导率保持在800 S/cm（面内）和15.3 S/cm（通面）。优化后的板成功集成到具有300 cm2活性面积的15单元PEMFC堆栈中，其性能可与传统的计算机数控（CNC）加工板相媲美。这种可扩展策略为开发满足下一代PEMFC要求的高性能双极板提供了实用途径。

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引用次数: 0