Journal of Power Sources最新文献_第7页

Role of cyclic carbonates in enhancing UV-crosslinked PEO-PEC electrolytes for room-temperature lithium metal batteries 环碳酸盐在增强室温锂金属电池紫外光交联PEO-PEC电解质中的作用

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239777

Rijul Bajaj , Hamideh Darjazi , Matteo Gastaldi , Leonardo Balducci , Giuseppe Antonio Elia , Claudio Gerbaldi

Future Li-based batteries require electrolytes with high safety, thermal stability, and performance, yet poly(ethylene oxide)-based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) remain limited by crystallinity-induced low ionic conductivity and stability at room temperature (RT). In this study, a UV-crosslinked poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(ethylene carbonate) (PEO-PEC) salt-in-polymer matrix is developed through dry melt compounding by a mini twin-screw extruder, followed by hot-pressing and UV-induced photopolymerization(crosslinking). The solvent-free manufacturing is designed to mitigate crystallinity and improve mechanical robustness. Resulting SPEs are further modified with cyclic carbonate plasticizers, namely ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), and 1,2-butylene carbonate (BC), to enhance ionic mobility and electrochemical stability, thereby addressing the challenge of fabricating next-generation lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with sufficient ion transport at RT. The influence of these additives, individually and in combination, is investigated through a comprehensive set of electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical characterizations. BC-containing SPEs exhibit reduced glass transition temperatures and stable compatibility with lithium metal for over 2300 h at a capacity of 0.2 mAh cm⁻². In addition, laboratory-scale solid-state Li metal cells with LFP show remarkable performance, delivering almost full practical specific capacity even at RT, despite the presence of immobilized carbonate plasticizers within the crosslinked polymer matrix. This work presents an effective strategy to tailor SPEs for ambient temperature operation through rational additive design, offering insights into the structure-property relationships critical for practical LMB development.

未来的锂基电池需要具有高安全性、热稳定性和性能的电解质，但聚（环氧乙烷）基固体聚合物电解质（spe）仍然受到结晶性诱导的低离子电导率和室温稳定性（RT）的限制。在本研究中，通过微型双螺杆挤出机干熔复合，然后热压和紫外线诱导光聚合（交联），制备了一种紫外线交联聚环氧乙烷-聚碳酸乙烯（PEO-PEC）盐聚合物基体。无溶剂制造旨在减轻结晶度和提高机械稳健性。由此产生的spe进一步用环碳酸盐增塑剂，即碳酸乙烯（EC）、碳酸丙烯（PC）和碳酸1,2-丁烯（BC）进行改性，以提高离子迁移率和电化学稳定性，从而解决制造具有足够rt离子传输的下一代锂金属电池（lmb）的挑战。这些添加剂的影响，单独和组合，通过电化学、热、还有机械特征。含bc的spe表现出降低的玻璃化转变温度和与锂金属在0.2 mAh cm - 2容量下超过2300小时的稳定相容性。此外，实验室规模的LFP固态锂金属电池表现出卓越的性能，即使在RT下也能提供几乎全部的实际比容量，尽管在交联聚合物基体中存在固定化碳酸盐增塑剂。这项工作提出了一种有效的策略，通过合理的增材设计来定制适合环境温度操作的spe，为实际LMB开发提供了至关重要的结构-性能关系。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of Sb-Sb2O3 liquid-liquid phase separation and buoyancy on mass and heat transfer of liquid antimony anode direct carbon fuel cells Sb-Sb2O3液液相分离及浮力对液锑阳极直接碳燃料电池传质传热的影响

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239571

Fangzhe Zhou , Sheng Guang , Yidong Jiang , Yixiang Shi , Alexander Gelfgat , Jiujun Zhang

Liquid antimony anode direct carbon fuel cell (LAA-DCFC) is a clean and efficient coal-based power generation technology, but the convection mechanism of the Sb-Sb₂O₃ liquid-liquid phase in the anode are still urgent to be studied. In this work, a multiphysics coupling model considering interfacial tension of Sb-Sb₂O₃ two-phase flow in the anode of an LAA-DCFC is proposed. The model includes equations for two-phase fluid flow of Sb and Sb₂O₃, electric field and current, heat transfer, with taking into account the Joule heating and the heat released or consumed by chemical reactions, and production of Sb and Sb₂O₃ by reduction and oxidation reactions, respectively. Considering the phase separation and the interfacial tension, the overpotential calculated by the model is in a quasi-periodic oscillatory state similar to the experimental measurement results. The oscillations are caused by light plumes of Sb₂O₃ forming at the electrolyte-anode interface, which rise to the upper boundary where they are converted back into Sb by the reduction reaction. When considering changes in the total system volume, the calculated oscillation period is closer to the experimental results. Contribution of the heat sources and sinks to the whole heat and mass transfer process is also discussed.

液锑阳极直接碳燃料电池（LAA-DCFC）是一种清洁高效的煤基发电技术，但Sb-Sb2O3液液相在阳极中的对流机理仍有待研究。本文提出了一种考虑LAA-DCFC阳极中Sb-Sb2O3两相流界面张力的多物理场耦合模型。该模型包括Sb和Sb2O3的两相流体流动方程、电场和电流方程、传热方程，其中考虑了焦耳加热和化学反应释放或消耗的热量，以及还原反应和氧化反应产生Sb和Sb2O3的方程。考虑相分离和界面张力，模型计算的过电位处于与实验测量结果相似的准周期振荡状态。振荡是由Sb2O3在电解-阳极界面形成的轻羽状物引起的，这些轻羽状物上升到上边界，在那里它们通过还原反应转化回Sb。在考虑系统总容积变化时，计算得到的振荡周期更接近实验结果。讨论了热源和热源对整个传热传质过程的贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Fullerenes and their functional composites as emerging electrode materials for metal-ion batteries: A comprehensive review 富勒烯及其功能复合材料作为新兴的金属离子电池电极材料综述

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239603

Soumya Ranjan Mishra , Shalu Rawat , Vishwajit Chavda , Rohit Rangnath Nikam , Alireza Ranjbari , Philippe M. Heynderickx , K. Pramoda , B.M. Nagaraja

Fullerene and related functional composite-based electrode materials have garnered much attention lately due to the growing demand for resources and environmental concerns. However, the electrochemical performance of these electrode materials requires additional improvement to manufacture highly efficient metal-ion batteries. This review analyzes the working principle and the properties of fullerenes in accordance with batteries. It summarizes the design strategies of fullerenes that enhance the performance of these metal-ion batteries. Furthermore, the various roles, such as anodes, cathodes, and electrolytes, of fullerene-based composites are discussed, along with their applications in different metal-ion batteries. The limitations and challenges associated with fullerene and its composites as electrodes in metal-ion batteries, as well as strategies for overcoming them in future applications, are addressed. This review provides direction and promotes research into the applications of fullerenes in energy storage.

近年来，由于对资源和环境的需求日益增长，富勒烯和相关的功能复合电极材料受到了广泛的关注。然而，为了制造高效的金属离子电池，这些电极材料的电化学性能还需要进一步的改进。本文从电池的角度分析了富勒烯的工作原理和性能。总结了提高金属离子电池性能的富勒烯设计策略。此外，还讨论了富勒烯基复合材料的各种作用，如阳极、阴极和电解质，以及它们在不同金属离子电池中的应用。讨论了富勒烯及其复合材料作为金属离子电池电极的局限性和挑战，以及在未来应用中克服这些问题的策略。本文综述为富勒烯在储能领域的应用研究提供了方向和推动。

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引用次数: 0

Green and efficient method for recycling and regenerating spent ternary lithium-ion batteries 一种绿色高效的废旧三元锂离子电池回收再生方法

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239556

Yang An , Yinyi Gao , Chao Li , Kai Zhu , Hongbin Wu , Hao Sun , Pengwei Li , Dianxue Cao

The harmful emissions and waste of resources brought on by discarded LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ (NCM111) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are developing along with the LIBs battery industry. This study presents a direct recycling process that preserves the high added value and composite structure of cathode materials, enabling the recycled materials to achieve commercial-grade quality. By dissolving the aluminum foil in discarded NCM111 cathode electrode foils using sodium hydroxide, followed by hydrothermal treatment and annealing, the discharge capacity of the recycled material can be restored. The hydrothermal regeneration method is employed to recover spent NCM111 cathode materials. The best processing technique for direct hydrothermal recovery ultimately is identified by evaluating different hydrothermal treatment conditions, such as hydrothermal temperature, hydrothermal time, and lithium replenishment levels. The recovered material exhibits a specific discharge capacity of 158.78 mAh/g at a 0.1C rate and 136.61 mAh/g at a 0.5C rate. After 200 cycles at 0.5C, the specific discharge capacity at 0.5C remains at 131.64 mAh/g, with a capacity retention rate of 96.36%. This method not only achieves direct regeneration of ternary materials effectively but also offers a novel approach for developing future eco-friendly direct regeneration techniques.

废弃的LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 （NCM111）锂离子电池（LIBs）所带来的有害排放和资源浪费也随着LIBs电池产业的发展而不断发展。本研究提出了一种直接回收工艺，保留了正极材料的高附加值和复合结构，使回收材料达到商业级质量。利用氢氧化钠将废弃的NCM111阴极电极箔中的铝箔溶解，再进行水热处理和退火，可以恢复回收材料的放电能力。采用水热再生法回收废NCM111正极材料。通过评价不同的水热处理条件，如水热温度、水热时间和锂的补充水平，最终确定了直接水热回收的最佳处理技术。该材料在0.1C倍率下的比放电容量为158.78 mAh/g，在0.5C倍率下的比放电容量为136.61 mAh/g。0.5C下循环200次后，0.5C下的比放电容量保持在131.64 mAh/g，容量保持率为96.36%。该方法不仅有效地实现了三元材料的直接再生，而且为未来生态友好型直接再生技术的发展提供了新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical modeling study of iron-doped barium titanate (Fe-BaTiO3) perovskite nanostructures for supercapacitor applications 超级电容器用铁掺杂钛酸钡（Fe-BaTiO3）钙钛矿纳米结构的实验与数值模拟研究

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239449

Nadjah Sobti , Samiha Chaguetmi , Samir Labiod , Khouloud Jlassi , Sophie Nowak , Slimane Achour , Souad Ammar

This study investigates the electrochemical performance of Fe³⁺-doped barium titanate BaTiO₃ (BT) perovskite nanocrystals deposited on TiO₂ nanotubes (TNTs) for supercapacitor applications. The composites were synthesized via a rapid microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and comprehensively characterized. X-ray diffraction confirmed successful doping, evidenced by a net shift in the diffraction peaks of the tetragonal BT phase. Raman spectroscopy indicated Fe³⁺-induced variation in Ti–O bond lengths and suggested the formation of charge-compensating oxygen vacancies. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a uniform coverage of the TNTs with BT particles ranging from 50 to 200 nm in size. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) demonstrated superior supercapacitive performance for the Fe-doped BT/TNT composites compared to pristine TNTs. The composite with the lowest nominal Fe³⁺ concentration exhibited the highest specific capacitance (225 F g⁻¹ at 0.05 A g⁻¹) and areal capacitance (144 mF cm⁻² at 100 mV s⁻¹), along with excellent rate capability and remarkable cycling stability, retaining approximately 88% of its initial capacitance after 3000 cycles at 0.05 A g⁻¹. The enhanced performance is attributed to improved hydrophilicity, oxygen vacancy generation, and the nanostructured morphology. Furthermore, kinetic analysis combining modeled and experimental CV data provides a robust framework for understanding the charge storage mechanisms in this engineered composite electrode.

本研究研究了Fe3+掺杂钛酸钡（BaTiO3）钙钛矿纳米晶体沉积在TiO2纳米管（tnt）上的电化学性能。采用快速微波辅助水热法制备了复合材料，并对其进行了综合表征。x射线衍射证实了成功的掺杂，证明了四方BT相的衍射峰的净位移。拉曼光谱显示Fe3+引起了Ti-O键长度的变化，并提示形成了电荷补偿氧空位。扫描电子显微镜显示tnt均匀覆盖的BT颗粒范围从50到200纳米的大小。循环伏安法（CV）表明，与原始TNT相比，掺铁BT/TNT复合材料具有优越的超级电容性能。Fe3+标称浓度最低的复合材料表现出最高的比电容（0.05 A g−1时225 F g−1）和面电容（100 mV s−1时144 mF cm−2），以及优异的倍率能力和显著的循环稳定性，在0.05 A g−1下循环3000次后仍保持约88%的初始电容。性能的增强是由于亲水性、氧空位生成和纳米结构形态的改善。此外，结合模型和实验CV数据的动力学分析为理解这种工程复合电极中的电荷存储机制提供了一个强大的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Lithiated polyimide-reinforced polyimide nanofiber separator for high-performance LiCoO2 batteries 高性能LiCoO2电池用锂化聚酰亚胺增强聚酰亚胺纳米纤维分离器

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239538

Haitao Huang , Zihao Huang , Jiashu Lin , Huan Zhang , Pengyang Li , Bang Lan , Siwei Liu , Zhiyong Yang , Yi Zhang

To address the critical challenges of mechanical robustness, lithium-ion transport efficiency, and cycle life in lithium-ion battery separators, we developed a facile surface modification strategy to prepare a high-performance separator (denoted PI-0.5) by poly(amic acid) lithium salt adhesive coating. The PI-0.5 separator exhibits exceptional thermomechanical stability (up to 200 °C), intrinsic flame-retardancy, and a tensile strength 3.5 times higher than that of the pristine PI separators. It achieved an ionic conductivity of 1.05 mS cm⁻¹ and a high Li ⁺ transference number of 0.553, which are ∼2.9 and 1.3 times higher than that of the pristine separator, respectively, alongside extended anodic stability up to 4.6 V (that of the pristine PI is 4.28 V). In LiCoO₂/PI-0.5/Li cells, the PI-0.5 separator enabled excellent rate capability (151.43 mAh·g⁻¹ at 5 C) and outstanding cycling stability, with capacity retentions of 141.91 mAh·g⁻¹ at 2 C after 100 cycles. Symmetric Li/PI-0.5/Li cells further demonstrate stable plating/stripping over 360 cycles with minimal polarization decay. XPS analysis revealed that the PI-0.5 separator suppresses Li₂CO₃ formation in the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), inhibiting lithium dendrite growth and improving interfacial stability. This work presents a scalable approach to fabricating multifunctional separators, providing a promising route toward next-generation lithium-ion batteries.

为了解决锂离子电池隔膜在机械坚固性、锂离子传输效率和循环寿命方面的关键挑战，我们开发了一种简单的表面改性策略，采用聚胺酸锂盐粘合剂涂层制备高性能隔膜（PI-0.5）。PI-0.5分离器具有优异的热机械稳定性（高达200°C），固有阻燃性，抗拉强度比原始PI分离器高3.5倍。它的离子电导率为1.05 mS cm−1，Li +转移数为0.553，分别是原始分离器的2.9倍和1.3倍，阳极稳定性高达4.6 V（原始PI为4.28 V）。在LiCoO2/PI-0.5/Li电池中，PI-0.5隔膜具有优异的倍率性能（5℃时151.43 mAh·g−1）和出色的循环稳定性，在2℃循环100次后容量保持为141.91 mAh·g−1。对称Li/PI-0.5/Li电池在360次循环中表现出稳定的镀/剥离，极化衰减最小。XPS分析表明，PI-0.5隔膜抑制了固体电解质界面（SEI）中Li2CO3的形成，抑制了锂枝晶的生长，提高了界面稳定性。这项工作提出了一种可扩展的制造多功能分离器的方法，为下一代锂离子电池提供了一条有希望的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Boosting rate performance of Zn battery to an ultrahigh level via a dual-nanoarray electrode configuration: Zn nanosheet array anode and polyaniline nanorod array cathode 通过双纳米阵列电极结构：锌纳米片阵列阳极和聚苯胺纳米棒阵列阴极，将锌电池的倍率性能提高到超高水平

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239578

Wenjing Xia , Jiexin Wen , Qingting Liu , Shengfei Hu , Rong Zhang , Gang Xiao , Xudong Fu

Aqueous Zn battery has great application prospects for grid-scale energy storage because of its advantages of excellent safety, low expense, and the abundant availability of Zn resources. Rate performance is an essential indicator for the practical application of Zn battery. There are two aspects to achieve excellent rate performance: (1) selecting electrode materials with high electronic conductivity, (2) constructing electrodes with ordered structure. Because the two aspects can strengthen ion/electron transport efficiency and enhance electrochemical reaction area in Zn battery, resulting in excellent rate performance. In this work, Zn nanosheet arrays and polyaniline nanorod arrays with high electronic conductivity were employed as anode and cathode of Zn battery with a dual-nanoarray electrode structure, respectively. The Zn battery delivers excellent discharge specific capacity of 290.5 mAh g⁻¹ (1 A g⁻¹) and ultrahigh rate performance. From 1 A g⁻¹ to 10 and 50 A g⁻¹, the retained capacity percentages of the battery attain 83.4% and 65.9%, respectively. Both values exceed the corresponding values of the Zn batteries with a laminated Zn anode (73.4% and 53.4%) or a Zn sheet anode (69.1% and 17.1%). The study provides a valuable reference for the fabrication of batteries with ultrahigh rate performance.

水锌电池具有安全性好、成本低、锌资源可得性丰富等优点，在电网规模储能中具有广阔的应用前景。倍率性能是锌电池实际应用的重要指标。实现优异的速率性能有两个方面：(1)选择具有高电子导电性的电极材料；(2)构造具有有序结构的电极。因为这两个方面可以增强离子/电子的传递效率，增加锌电池的电化学反应面积，从而产生优异的倍率性能。本文采用高导电性的锌纳米片阵列和聚苯胺纳米棒阵列分别作为双纳米阵列电极结构的锌电池的阳极和阴极。锌电池具有290.5 mAh g−1 （1ag−1）的放电比容量和超高倍率性能。在1 A g−1 ~ 10和50 A g−1范围内，电池的保留容量百分比分别达到83.4%和65.9%。这两个数值都超过了层状锌阳极（73.4%和53.4%）和锌片阳极（69.1%和17.1%）的相应数值。该研究为超高倍率性能电池的研制提供了有价值的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Designing automotive battery packs: sensitivity, case studies and insights using BatPaC 设计汽车电池组：灵敏度，案例研究和使用BatPaC的见解

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239491

Shabbir Ahmed, Kevin W. Knehr, Mohammed B. Effat, Joseph J. Kubal, Zoushuang Li

Automotive lithium-ion battery packs are constrained by weight, volume, cost, safety, cycle-life, and fast-charge capability specifications. This paper quantifies the effect of key parameters that drive the performance and cost of automotive batteries. The Battery Performance and Cost (BatPaC) 5.2 model was used to study the effect on packs with different cathode active materials (CAM) [NMC811, NMC9055, NCA, LMR, LFP and LMFP] and two anode active materials (AAM) [graphite and graphite-silicon]. A sensitivity study shows increasing the cell voltage by 10% reduces the pack cost by 6–8% for the NMC811 and LFP packs. An increase of 1 $∙kg⁻¹ in the price of CAM leads to 1.6 and 2.39 $∙kWh⁻¹ increase in the NMC811-G and LFP pack costs, respectively. A 1 $∙kg⁻¹ increase in the price of LiOH.H₂O and Ni increases the NMC811-G pack by 0.68 and 0.72 $∙kWh⁻¹, respectively. Lithium demand (kg∙kWh⁻¹) for NMC811-Graphite packs is slightly higher than a comparable LFP-Graphite pack, even though LFP-G has a lower specific energy. The paper shows that a PHEV battery costs more on a per kWh basis. The paper closes by exploring a combination of material selection and design parameters that can lead to a ∼100 $∙kWh⁻¹ NMC-G pack.

汽车锂离子电池组受到重量、体积、成本、安全性、循环寿命和快速充电能力规格的限制。本文量化了驱动汽车电池性能和成本的关键参数的影响。采用电池性能与成本（BatPaC） 5.2模型研究了不同正极活性材料（CAM） [NMC811、NMC9055、NCA、LMR、LFP和LMFP]和两种负极活性材料（AAM）[石墨和石墨硅]对电池组的影响。一项灵敏度研究表明，对于NMC811和LFP电池组来说，电池电压每增加10%，电池组成本就会降低6-8%。CAM价格每增加1美元∙kg−1，NMC811-G和LFP电池组成本分别增加1.6美元和2.39美元∙kWh−1。LiOH的价格增加1 $∙kg−1。H2O和Ni分别使NMC811-G电池组增加0.68和0.72美元∙kWh−1。nmc811 -石墨电池组的锂需求（kg∙kWh−1）略高于lfp -石墨电池组，尽管LFP-G具有较低的比能。这篇论文表明，插电式混合动力电池每千瓦时的成本更高。最后，该论文探索了材料选择和设计参数的组合，可以实现约100美元∙kWh−1的NMC-G电池组。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic interface engineering of stable zinc anode and anti-shuttle separator for high-performance zinc-based dual-ion batteries 高性能锌基双离子电池稳定锌阳极与防穿梭分离器协同界面工程

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239481

Haitao Zhou , Yafei Shi , Haiyun Zhou , Yihong Deng , Jie Gu , Yang Yang , Yong Zhu , Hongquan Gao , Jian-Chun Wu , Libo Wang , Xiangdong Huo

Zinc-ion dual ion batteries utilizing zinc powder dry electrodes present significant potential for large-scale energy storage due to their high safety, low cost, and abundant resources. However, the industrialization of this battery configuration is severely hindered by dendrite growth on the zinc powder anode, corrosion side reactions, and the dissolution and shuttling of cathode active materials. To tackle these challenges, this study proposes a systematic solution that includes anode modification and separator functionalization. Initially, zinc powder is treated with polyphosphoric acid (PPA) to create a uniform, dense protective layer of zinc phosphate (Zn₃(PO₄)₂). This treatment effectively mitigates side reactions and dendrite growth on the zinc anode, thereby significantly enhancing its electrochemical stability. Additionally, to counteract the shuttling of dissolved cathode ions (e.g., Mn²⁺, Br⁻), a “pre-embedded zinc salt separator with a dense polyphenylene sulfide layer in the middle” was developed. This separator not only demonstrates excellent ion-blocking properties but also enhances wettability in high-concentration electrolytes. Experimental results indicate that the modified Zn||LiMn₂O₄ pouch battery achieves cycling beyond 200 cycles at a capacity of 2000 mAh. The Zn-Br₂ battery maintains 98% capacity retention after 250 cycles while exhibiting low self-discharge rates. This study offers a comprehensive strategy for the development of high-performance aqueous zinc-based batteries, encompassing both anode protection and separator design, and holds considerable promise for industrial application.

利用锌粉干电极的锌离子双离子电池具有安全性高、成本低、资源丰富等优点，具有大规模储能的潜力。然而，这种电池结构的工业化受到锌粉阳极枝晶生长、腐蚀副反应以及阴极活性物质的溶解和穿梭的严重阻碍。为了应对这些挑战，本研究提出了一个系统的解决方案，包括阳极改性和分离器功能化。最初，用多磷酸（PPA）处理锌粉，形成均匀、致密的磷酸锌保护层（Zn3(PO4)2）。该处理有效地减轻了锌阳极上的副反应和枝晶生长，从而显著提高了锌阳极的电化学稳定性。此外，为了抵消溶解的阴极离子（如Mn2+， Br−）的穿梭，开发了一种“中间有密集聚苯硫醚层的预嵌锌盐分离器”。该隔膜不仅表现出优异的离子阻隔性能，而且还提高了在高浓度电解质中的润湿性。实验结果表明，改性Zn||LiMn2O4袋状电池在容量为2000 mAh的情况下，循环次数超过200次。锌- br2电池在250次循环后保持98%的容量保持，同时表现出低自放电率。该研究为高性能水性锌基电池的开发提供了一个全面的策略，包括阳极保护和分离器设计，并具有相当大的工业应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Boosting PEM fuel cell cathode performance: The effect of mixing carbon supports on morphology and stability 提高PEM燃料电池阴极性能：混合碳载体对形态和稳定性的影响

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239493

Steffen Laumen , Thomas Burger , Patrick Bretzler , Tilman Jurzinsky , Sebastian Ott , Peter Strasser

Carbon catalyst supports significantly impact on the performance and durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Different types of carbon support materials show distinct favorable or detrimental characteristics. In this study, cathodes with platinum nanoparticles deposited on physical mixtures of distinct carbon materials, each with different properties, were prepared, tested, and compared to Pt/C cathodes prepared using each individual carbon support material. The performance of the membrane electrode assemblies (12 cm² active area) was tested under comparable conditions in single-cell setups using the carbon support accelerated stress test proposed by the U.S. Department of Energy. Physiochemical changes in cathode morphologies and thicknesses were analyzed before and after testing. Our findings demonstrate that by physically combining carbon supports with different properties, a significant increase in morphological stability and layer integrity can be achieved. Moreover, this mixed carbon support approach resulted in a reduction of cathode layer degradation effects such as mass transport limitations and layer collapse during accelerated stress tests.

A synergistic effect in the physical mixture of two different carbon types is discussed. We hypothesize that if one type of carbon shows severe degradation under the tested conditions, the other type can compensate and thereby mitigate performance loss.

碳催化剂对质子交换膜燃料电池的性能和耐久性有重要影响。不同类型的碳载体材料表现出不同的有利或不利特性。在这项研究中，将铂纳米粒子沉积在不同性质的碳材料的物理混合物上，制备、测试并与使用每种碳载体材料制备的Pt/C阴极进行比较。利用美国能源部提出的碳载体加速应力测试，在单电池装置的可比条件下测试了膜电极组件（12平方厘米的有效面积）的性能。分析了测试前后阴极形貌和厚度的理化变化。我们的研究结果表明，通过物理结合不同性质的碳载体，可以显著提高形态稳定性和层完整性。此外，这种混合碳载体方法减少了阴极层降解效应，如加速应力测试期间的质量传输限制和层坍塌。讨论了两种不同碳类型的物理混合物的协同效应。我们假设，如果一种碳在测试条件下表现出严重的退化，另一种碳可以补偿，从而减轻性能损失。

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