Journal of Power Sources最新文献_第6页

Design of high-performance branched Poly(aryl ether isatin) anion exchange membrane based on hydrogen bonding regulation 基于氢键调控的高性能支链聚芳醚醚酯阴离子交换膜的设计

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239393

Yuanyuan Zhou, Qingyang Xiao, Shaohua Yang, Shuchun Yu

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are pivotal components in anion exchange membrane fuel cells, critically governing overall system efficiency. However, high-performance AEM development faces persistent trade-offs among ionic conductivity, mechanical robustness, chemical stability, and cost. Herein, we report a molecular engineering strategy through branched poly(biphenyl ether-indigo) AEMs (TPEP-Pip-OH-x). These membranes were fabricated via efficient superacid-catalyzed copolymerization of biphenyl ether, isatin, and 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene, followed by functionalization. Capitalizing on monomer hyper-reactivity, this synthesis reduces expensive trifluoromethanesulfonic acid consumption by 30 %. The strategic incorporation of branched structure and hydrogen-bonding side chains synergistically engineers well-defined microphase-separated morphologies and constructs continuous ion-conducting channels. The optimal membrane (TPEP-Pip-OH-10) achieves an exceptional balance: high hydroxide conductivity of 114.0 mS cm⁻¹ at 80 °C, outstanding dimensional stability (25.34 % swelling), superior mechanical strength (48.15 MPa), and remarkable alkaline stability (>81 % conductivity retention after 1000 h in 1 M KOH at 80 °C). Its practical utility was validated by single-cell fuel cell tests, achieving 508 mW cm⁻² peak power density under H₂/air. Analysis of the polarization curve confirmed low ohmic loss, indicating effective in-situ hydration and full utilization of the membrane's high conductivity. This work provides fundamental design principles for developing cost-effective, high-performance poly(arylene ether)-based AEMs with integrated functionalities for energy conversion applications.

阴离子交换膜（AEMs）是阴离子交换膜燃料电池的关键部件，对整个系统的效率起着至关重要的作用。然而，高性能AEM的开发面临着离子电导率、机械稳健性、化学稳定性和成本之间的长期权衡。在此，我们报告了通过支链聚（联苯醚-靛蓝）AEMs （TPEP-Pip-OH-x）的分子工程策略。这些膜是通过超强酸催化的联苯醚、isatin和1,3,5-三苯基苯的高效共聚，然后进行功能化制备的。利用单体的超反应性，这种合成方法将昂贵的三氟甲烷磺酸消耗量降低了30%。支链结构和氢键侧链的战略性结合协同设计了明确的微相分离形态，并构建了连续的离子传导通道。最佳膜（TPEP-Pip-OH-10）达到了卓越的平衡：在80°C时氢氧化物电导率高达114.0 mS cm -1，具有出色的尺寸稳定性（25.34%溶胀），优异的机械强度（48.15 MPa），以及出色的碱性稳定性（在80°C下1m KOH中1000小时后电导率保持81%）。单电池燃料电池测试验证了其实用性，在H2/air条件下达到508 mW cm−2的峰值功率密度。极化曲线分析证实了低欧姆损耗，表明膜的原位水化效果良好，充分利用了膜的高导电性。这项工作为开发具有能量转换应用集成功能的具有成本效益的高性能聚（芳醚）基AEMs提供了基本设计原则。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of temperature and pressure of supercritical CO2 media on the physicochemical properties and electrochemical performance of rGO-Sulfur cathodes for rechargeable Li-S batteries 超临界CO2介质温度和压力对可充电锂硫电池rgo -硫阴极理化性能和电化学性能的影响

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239212

Lakshmi Shiva Shankar , Dóra Zalka , Péter B. Nagy , Márton Szabados , Edit Székely , Márton Kőrösi , Anna Bulátkó , Krisztina László , Tamas Szabo , Robert Kun

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) is a non-toxic, inert, and widely used solvent in green chemistry, offering tunable properties such as density, diffusivity, viscosity, and polarity, adjustable through temperature, pressure, or co-solvent addition. This study employs the Design of Experiment (DoE) methodology to optimize scCO₂-assisted synthesis of Li-S battery cathodes, presenting the first systematic investigation of how scCO₂ conditions affect the structural and surface properties of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) during sulfur decoration. Results show that temperature and pressure significantly influence sulfur integration and cathode performance. By combining DoE with detailed electrochemical impedance analysis using complex nonlinear least squares fitting, the study provides deeper insight into composite electrochemical behavior under varying conditions. An optimal rGO structure with low charge transfer resistance, enabling efficient ion and electron transport, was obtained at 150 bar and 60 °C, balancing sulfur loading and pore accessibility. Conversely, harsher conditions (180 bar, 80 °C) caused sulfur agglomeration and higher resistance, reducing performance. These findings highlight the necessity of precisely controlling scCO₂ synthesis parameters to enhance cathode structure and improve electrochemical performance and long-term stability of Li-S batteries.

超临界二氧化碳（scCO2）是一种无毒、惰性、在绿色化学中广泛使用的溶剂，具有可调的特性，如密度、扩散率、粘度和极性，可通过温度、压力或共溶剂添加来调节。本研究采用实验设计（DoE）方法优化scCO2辅助合成Li-S电池阴极，首次系统研究了scCO2条件如何影响硫修饰过程中还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）的结构和表面性能。结果表明，温度和压力对硫整合和阴极性能有显著影响。通过将DoE与复杂非线性最小二乘拟合的详细电化学阻抗分析相结合，该研究可以更深入地了解不同条件下复合材料的电化学行为。在150 bar和60°C的条件下，获得了具有低电荷转移电阻的最佳还原氧化石墨烯结构，实现了高效的离子和电子传递，平衡了硫负载和孔隙可及性。相反，在更恶劣的条件下（180 bar, 80°C），硫会聚集，阻力更大，从而降低性能。这些发现强调了精确控制scCO2合成参数对于改善锂硫电池阴极结构、提高电化学性能和长期稳定性的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Time–frequency coupled modeling of lithium-ion battery impedance: Insights into solid electrolyte interphase growth and lithium plating 锂离子电池阻抗的时频耦合建模：对固体电解质界面生长和锂电镀的见解

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239381

Lizhi Xiang , Binghan Cui , Fangmin Wu , Daode Wang , Geping Yin , Hua Huo , Chunyu Du

We develop a time–frequency coupled degradation model for lithium-ion batteries to resolve dynamic aging phenomena such as the growth of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and lithium plating. By decoupling slow cycling dynamics from fast impedance responses, the model captures frequency-specific signatures—SEI growth elevates high-frequency resistance (R_s), while lithium plating induces sharp changes in anode charge transfer resistance and electrical double-layer capacitance at lower frequencies. SEI rupture induces a non-monotonic dependence of R_s on the state of charge (SOC) during long-term cycling, while lithium plating and the reduction of anode porosity exacerbate current density heterogeneity, thereby promoting a further decrease in the R_s. These features, elusive to traditional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), are clearly identified via dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS). Overall, the framework clarifies the physical origins of key DEIS features and establishes a mechanistic basis for interpreting frequency-dependent signatures associated with battery degradation.

本文建立了锂离子电池的时频耦合退化模型，以解决固体电解质界面（SEI）生长和锂镀层等动态老化现象。通过将慢循环动力学与快速阻抗响应解耦，该模型捕获了频率特定的特征- sei生长提高了高频电阻（Rs），而锂电镀则在较低频率下引起阳极电荷转移电阻和双层电容量的急剧变化。在长期循环过程中，SEI断裂导致Rs对荷电状态（SOC）的非单调依赖，而镀锂和阳极孔隙率的降低加剧了电流密度的非均匀性，从而促使Rs进一步降低。这些特征在传统电化学阻抗谱（EIS）中难以捉摸，但通过动态电化学阻抗谱（DEIS）可以清楚地识别出来。总体而言，该框架阐明了关键DEIS特征的物理起源，并为解释与电池退化相关的频率相关特征建立了机制基础。

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引用次数: 0

Multifunctional zinc and cobalt selenide encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon framework for robust urea and water electrolysis 多功能锌和硒化钴封装在氮掺杂碳框架稳健尿素和水的电解

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239285

Sawaira Moeen , Muhammad Imran , Safyan Akram Khan (.) , Anwar Ul-Hamid , Muhammad Ikram

Electrocatalytic water splitting is an emerging approach for hydrogen production, although it is predominantly constrained by the slow anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Substituting the OER with the urea oxidation reaction (UOR), which possesses a low thermodynamic potential, substantially decreases energy consumption. Herein, zinc selenide/cobalt selenide (ZnSe/CoSe₂) heterostructures encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) are employed as effective catalysts for H₂ production and associated UOR/OER. The mesopores within the NC matrix facilitate the ions transportation towards ZnSe/CoSe₂, promote the fast bubble release, and increase the electrical conductivity. Optimized ZnSe/CoSe₂-NC 800(II) exhibits overpotential of 117 mV (hydrogen evolution reaction-HER) and 197 mV (OER), with an extremely low potential of 1.268 V (UOR) at 10 mA cm⁻². Interestingly, the hybrid urea electrolyzer merely requires 1.257 V to attain 10 mA cm⁻². The developed electrolyzer operates efficiently when powered by a commercial battery and solar panel with a potential of 1.5 V. This study provides a promising avenue to rationally design bimetallic selenides encased in a carbon framework for achieving energy-efficient hydrogen generation and urea-related wastewater treatment.

电催化水裂解是一种新兴的制氢方法，尽管它主要受到缓慢的阳极析氧反应（OER）的限制。尿素氧化反应（UOR）具有较低的热力学势，取代OER反应，大大降低了能耗。本文将硒化锌/硒化钴（ZnSe/CoSe2）异质结构包裹在氮掺杂碳（NC）中，作为氢气生成和相关UOR/OER的有效催化剂。NC基体内部的介孔有利于离子向ZnSe/CoSe2的迁移，促进了气泡的快速释放，提高了导电性能。优化后的ZnSe/CoSe2-NC 800（II）在10 mA cm−2下的过电位为1.268 V (UOR)，过电位为117 mV（析氢反应- her）和197 mV （OER）。有趣的是，混合尿素电解槽只需要1.257 V就能达到10 mA cm - 2。开发的电解槽在由商用电池和电势为1.5 V的太阳能电池板供电时有效运行。该研究为合理设计碳框架内的双金属硒化物提供了一条有希望的途径，以实现节能制氢和尿素相关废水处理。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling the variability of thermal runaway behavior in large-format cylindrical cells with NMC-811 and LFP cathodes: A simulation study 用NMC-811和LFP阴极模拟大尺寸圆柱形电池的热失控行为：模拟研究

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239206

Jan Schöberl , Stefan Schaeffler , Linus Grahl , Christoph Bach , Sebastian Ohneseit , Dominic Förstermann , Xuning Feng , Carlos Ziebert , Andreas Jossen , Markus Lienkamp

Accurate thermal runaway modeling is required to mitigate thermal runaway propagation in battery systems. Since the thermal runaway of battery cells is a chaotic process, it is subject to high statistical variance. However, the variability of thermal runaway behavior is often not reflected in current simulation models. This paper presents a methodology for modeling the variability of thermal stability and heat release during thermal runaway of NMC-811 and LFP battery cells using accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) and discretized autoclave thermal runaway calorimetry (DATRC) experiments. The thermal runaway model validation demonstrates a good agreement between simulation and experimental data within one standard deviation. In a simulation study, the thermal runaway simulation model was extended to a thermal runaway propagation model for a battery system with cylindrical 4680 cells. The simulation study revealed that thermal runaway propagation by heat transfer is unlikely in the case of a LFP cell chemistry. In contrast, thermal runaway propagation in similar systems with NMC-811 cells strongly depends on mass loss, cell spacing, and housing material. The simulation model improves an accelerated safety design concerning thermal runaway propagation in battery systems and enables a potential error estimation. Future research should focus on transferring the approach to other cell formats and validation on the system level.

为了减轻电池系统的热失控传播，需要精确的热失控建模。由于电芯热失控是一个混沌过程，它具有很高的统计方差。然而，目前的模拟模型往往没有反映热失控行为的可变性。本文提出了一种利用加速量热法（ARC）和离散蒸压罐热失控量热法（DATRC）实验模拟NMC-811和LFP电池热失控过程中热稳定性和热释放变化的方法。热失控模型的验证表明，仿真数据与实验数据在一个标准差内吻合较好。在仿真研究中，将热失控仿真模型扩展到4680圆柱电池的热失控传播模型。模拟研究表明，在LFP细胞化学的情况下，热失控传播是不可能的。相反，在NMC-811电池的类似系统中，热失控的传播很大程度上取决于质量损失、电池间距和外壳材料。该仿真模型改进了电池系统热失控传播的加速安全设计，并实现了潜在误差估计。未来的研究应侧重于将该方法转移到其他单元格式，并在系统级别上进行验证。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing the electrochemical performance of manganese oxide thin film electrodes via borax incorporation: Experimental and theoretical insights 通过硼砂掺入提高氧化锰薄膜电极的电化学性能：实验和理论见解

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239306

A. Pramitha , Shreeganesh Subraya Hegde , Badekai Ramachandra Bhat , Vikash Mishra , Y.N. Sudhakar , Sajan D George , Y. Raviprakash

As global energy demand continues to rise, high-performance supercapacitors emerge as a key focus due to their superior power density and rapid charge-discharge efficiency. To this end, the study explores the synthesis of Mn₃O₄ thin film electrodes incorporated with borax via the spray pyrolysis technique. Structural characterizations reveal that the borax incorporated films preserve the tetragonal Mn₃O₄ phase, indicating its successful integration into the Mn₃O₄ matrix. Surface analysis reveals significant morphological changes, showing dense wrinkles and sodium agglomerations along with increased surface roughness and decreased contact angle after borax incorporation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms boron incorporation at interstitial sites, along with oxygen imbalance and changes in the oxidation states of manganese. Electrochemical investigations demonstrate a significant improvement in the specific capacitance and charge-discharge stability of borax-incorporated Mn₃O₄ electrodes, attributed to the enhanced conductivity and optimized electronic structure induced by boron doping. This is again reflected in impedance spectroscopy where a reduced charge transfer resistance is observed in borax-incorporated electrodes. The highest electrochemical performance is observed at an optimal B/Mn ratio of 15 at%, highlighting the potential of boron modification as a promising strategy for next-generation supercapacitors. Further, this is supported by density functional theory, which explains the observed increment in quantum capacitance value of borax incorporated Mn₃O₄ electrodes. The predicted quantum capacitance using density functional theory agrees well with experimental results. This work not only underscores the viability of borax-incorporated Mn₃O₄ thin films as high-performance electrode materials but also opens new avenues for further research into doped transition metal oxides for sustainable energy storage applications.

随着全球能源需求的持续增长，高性能超级电容器因其优越的功率密度和快速的充放电效率而成为人们关注的焦点。为此，本研究探索了采用喷雾热解技术合成硼砂掺杂的Mn3O4薄膜电极。结构表征表明，硼砂掺入膜保留了Mn3O4的四方相，表明其成功地融入了Mn3O4基体。硼砂掺入后，表面形貌发生了显著变化，表面粗糙度增加，接触角减小，出现了密集的皱纹和钠凝聚。x射线光电子能谱证实了硼在间隙部位的掺入，以及氧的不平衡和锰的氧化态的变化。电化学研究表明，硼掺杂Mn3O4电极的比电容和充放电稳定性显著提高，这是由于硼掺杂引起的电导率增强和电子结构优化所致。这再次反映在阻抗谱中，在硼合金电极中观察到电荷转移电阻降低。在最佳B/Mn比为15% at%时，观察到最高的电化学性能，突出了硼改性作为下一代超级电容器的有前途的策略的潜力。此外，密度泛函理论也支持这一理论，该理论解释了硼砂掺杂Mn3O4电极的量子电容值的增加。用密度泛函理论预测的量子电容与实验结果吻合较好。这项工作不仅强调了硼砂掺杂Mn3O4薄膜作为高性能电极材料的可行性，而且为进一步研究用于可持续储能应用的掺杂过渡金属氧化物开辟了新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Solid-state synergy: Unleashing the potential of composite electrolytes in supercapacitor technologies 固态协同：释放复合电解质在超级电容器技术中的潜力

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239293

Neha Nasrin P , Sabu Thomas , Rehana P. Ummer , Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian

Composite solid-state electrolytes (CSSEs) have emerged as a transformative category of materials in extending the safety, implementation, and versatility of supercapacitors (SCs). Unlike customary liquid electrolytes, which pose challenges bonded to flammability, leakage, and restricted voltage windows (∼1.2–2.7 V), CSSEs offer improved thermal stability, enhanced fire resistance, and more comprehensive electrochemical stability windows up to 3.5–6.0 V. By melding polymers with ceramic fillers, both active (e.g. LATP, LLZO, LAGP) and passive (e.g., SiO₂, Al₂O₃, TiO₂) CSSEs significantly enhance ionic mobility, achieving values up to 10⁻³ S/cm at ambient conditions. Supercapacitors utilizing CSSEs exhibit extraordinary performance metrics, such as specific capacitance values surpassing 510 F/g, energy densities up to 89.6 Wh/kg, power densities above 10 kW/kg, and cycle stabilities greater than 10,000 cycles with coulombic efficiency nearing 99 %. Moreover, biopolymer-based and nanostructured composites expand their applicability in flexible, wearable, and microscale devices. Density functional theory (DFT) is pivotal in optimizing these materials by ascribing ion transport pathways and electrochemical resilience at the atomic scale. Despite promising passages, challenges remain in interfacial resistance, scalability, and mechanical durability. This review critically concerns the classes, properties, mechanisms, and design strategies of CSSEs, furnishing a comprehensive framework for their role in next-generation supercapacitor technologies.

复合固态电解质（csse）已经成为一种变革性的材料类别，在扩展超级电容器（SCs）的安全性、实施性和多功能性方面发挥了重要作用。与传统的液体电解质不同，cses具有可燃性，泄漏性和限制电压窗口（~ 1.2-2.7 V）的挑战，cses具有更好的热稳定性，增强的耐火性以及更全面的电化学稳定性窗口，最高可达3.5-6.0 V。通过将聚合物与陶瓷填料熔接，活性cses（如LATP、LLZO、LAGP）和被动cses（如SiO2、Al2O3、TiO2）都显著提高了离子迁移率，在环境条件下达到10 - 3 S/cm。利用csss的超级电容器表现出非凡的性能指标，例如比电容值超过510 F/g，能量密度高达89.6 Wh/kg，功率密度超过10 kW/kg，循环稳定性大于10,000次循环，库仑效率接近99%。此外，基于生物聚合物和纳米结构的复合材料扩展了它们在柔性、可穿戴和微型设备中的适用性。密度泛函理论（DFT）是通过在原子尺度上归因于离子传输途径和电化学弹性来优化这些材料的关键。尽管前景看好，但在界面阻力、可扩展性和机械耐久性方面仍存在挑战。这篇综述主要关注css的类别、性质、机制和设计策略，为其在下一代超级电容器技术中的作用提供了一个全面的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights into Ni/Ni3B as a highly active bifunctional catalyst for water electrolysis Ni/Ni3B作为水电解高活性双功能催化剂的机理研究

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239329

Anna G. Rojek , Klaudia Zielinkiewicz , Zhang Bowen , Liu Xiaoguang , Ewa Mijowska

Developing efficient and durable electrocatalysts for both water splitting half reactions is crucial for advancing renewable energy technologies. Therefore, in this contribution, we report a facile one-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of nickel boride grown directly on nickel foam (Ni/Ni₃B) as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrogen and oxygen evolution. For HER, the catalyst delivers an overpotential of 264 mV at −10 mA/cm² with a Tafel slope of 159 mV/dec, while for OER it achieves 250 mV at 10 mA/cm² and a Tafel slope of 67 mV/dec, demonstrating its balanced bifunctional performance. Mechanistic insights obtained from in-situ Raman spectroscopy and complementary density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the OER proceeds through the formation of NiOOH as the active phase, accompanied by structural evolution consistent with a lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM). For HER, the electrochemical data and spectroscopic changes support a Volmer–Heyrovsky pathway, with the Heyrovsky electro-desorption step identified as the rate-determining step due to the measured Tafel slope. The Ni/Ni₃B catalyst also exhibits excellent long-term stability, maintaining performance for over 1000 h at ±10 mA/cm². These mechanistic findings, combined with the strong bifunctional activity, underscore its potential as a cost-effective and efficient catalyst for water-splitting technologies.

开发高效、耐用的水分解半反应电催化剂是推进可再生能源技术的关键。因此，在这篇文章中，我们报道了一种简单的一步化学气相沉积（CVD）合成方法，直接在泡沫镍（Ni/Ni3B）上生长的硼化镍作为氢和氧的双功能电催化剂。对于HER，催化剂在- 10 mA/cm2时提供264 mV的过电位，Tafel斜率为159 mV/dec，而对于OER，它在10 mA/cm2时达到250 mV， Tafel斜率为67 mV/dec，显示出其平衡的双功能性能。从原位拉曼光谱和互补密度泛函理论（DFT）计算中获得的机理见解表明，OER是通过NiOOH作为活性相形成的，伴随着与晶格氧机制（LOM）一致的结构演化。对于HER，电化学数据和光谱变化支持Volmer-Heyrovsky途径，由于测量的Tafel斜率，Heyrovsky电解吸步骤被确定为速率决定步骤。Ni/Ni3B催化剂还表现出优异的长期稳定性，在±10 mA/cm2下保持1000小时以上的性能。这些机理的发现，加上强大的双功能活性，强调了它作为一种具有成本效益和高效的水分解技术催化剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Porous flow field combined with modified porous transport layer for hydrogen production in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers 多孔流场与改性多孔输运层相结合的质子交换膜电解槽制氢

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239385

Yingying Li, Qi Zhong, Lin Liu, Xinyu Song, Luozhixing Wen, Senqing Fan

A porous flow field combined with a modified porous transport layer (PTL) treated by oxalic acid etching is employed as the anode configuration for efficient hydrogen production in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer. Under the condition of 2 A cm⁻², the porous flow field shows a maximum local average bubble coverage of 0.37, which is much lower than that of the conventional channel-rib flow field. The modified PTL with increased elemental ratio of Ti to O and higher roughness demonstrates a reduced contact resistance, smaller contact angle, and lower corrosion current density, indicating enhanced electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity and corrosion resistance, respectively. The voltage required for the electrolyzer with the porous flow field and modified PTL is only 1.78 V at 2 A cm⁻² and 353 K. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirms that this configuration exhibits reduced ohmic, kinetic, and mass transport losses compared with the conventional anode configuration. Furthermore, the energy and efficiency required for hydrogen production are only 4.05 kWh Nm⁻³ and 74.2 % at 1.5 A cm⁻² and 353 K, respectively.

采用多孔流场和经草酸蚀刻处理的改性多孔传输层（PTL）作为质子交换膜（PEM）电解槽中高效制氢的阳极结构。在2 A cm−2条件下，多孔流场局部平均气泡覆盖率最大为0.37，远低于常规通道-肋流场。随着Ti / O元素比的增加和粗糙度的提高，改性PTL的接触电阻降低，接触角减小，腐蚀电流密度降低，分别表明导电性能、亲水性和耐腐蚀性增强。在2 A cm−2和353 K条件下，多孔流场和改进PTL的电解槽所需电压仅为1.78 V。电化学阻抗谱（EIS）证实，与传统阳极结构相比，这种结构具有更低的欧姆、动力学和质量输运损失。此外，在1.5 A cm−2和353 K条件下，制氢所需的能量和效率分别仅为4.05 kWh Nm−3和74.2%。

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引用次数: 0

Innovative approaches to hydrogen production from seawater: A state-of-the-art review from a sustainable energy perspective 从海水中生产氢气的创新方法：从可持续能源的角度进行最新的回顾

IF 7.9 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239364

Kaniz Farhana , Abu Shadate Faisal Mahamude , Wan Sharuzi Wan Harun , Rajan Jose , Jarin Anan , Jarjis Amin

Interest in investigating innovative technologies for generating alternative energy instead of fossil fuels has increased in response to greenhouse gas emissions and energy security. In this regard, seawater is an invaluable and ecologically friendly resource for the generation of alternative energy. Therefore, there has been a significant surge in investigations concerning hydrogen production via seawater splitting over the past few years. The primary goal of this study is to provide an overview of the hydrogen energy production and conversion systems utilising seawater powered by abundant sunlight and wind. This review describes the fundamentals, practical uses, and significant discoveries of various technologies that are currently in use, including photoelectrochemical processes, seawater vapor electrolysis, hydrogen from black seawater, hydrolysis of metals in seawater, proton exchange membrane electrolysis, and the energy and equipment to produce hydrogen. This review illustrates how H–O chemical bonds have been broken and how H–H and O–O chemical bonds are formed at a photocatalyst surface; in condensed matter, within a very short time scale, and how charge separation is simulated via theoretical calculations. Finally, a systematic structure of the hydrogen production process called the Wind and Solar Offshore (WSOS) system is proposed and theoretically designed to collect and store seawater efficiently, as well as to extract hydrogen energy from it.

为了应对温室气体排放和能源安全问题，人们对研究替代化石燃料的创新技术的兴趣有所增加。在这方面，海水是产生替代能源的宝贵和生态友好的资源。因此，在过去的几年里，有关海水分裂制氢的调查大幅增加。本研究的主要目的是概述利用充足的阳光和风提供动力的海水的氢能生产和转换系统。本文介绍了目前正在使用的各种技术的基本原理、实际用途和重大发现，包括光电化学工艺、海水蒸汽电解、黑色海水制氢、海水中金属水解、质子交换膜电解以及制氢的能源和设备。本文综述了氢氧键是如何在光催化剂表面断裂的，氢氧键和氧氧键是如何在光催化剂表面形成的；在凝聚态物质中，在很短的时间尺度内，如何通过理论计算模拟电荷分离。最后，提出了一种称为海上风能和太阳能（WSOS）系统的制氢过程的系统结构，并从理论上设计了该系统，以有效地收集和储存海水，并从中提取氢能。

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引用次数: 0