Journal of Power Sources最新文献_第6页

Boosting sodium-ion battery performance with vanadium substituted Fe, Ni dual doped fluorophosphate cathode over a wide temperature range 在宽温度范围内利用钒替代铁、镍双掺杂氟磷酸盐阴极提高钠离子电池性能

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235734

Sanchayan Mahato, Koushik Biswas

Recently, polyanionic material has been identified as the most attractive choice for the cathode in sodium-ion batteries. However, the poor electronic conductivity of Na₃V₂(PO₄)₂F₃ (NVPF) limits its electrochemical performance, while the presence of vanadium increases material costs. To address these challenges, we have synthesized carbon-coated Fe, Ni dual-doped NVPF (Na₃V_1.9Fe_0.01Ni_0.09(PO₄)₂F₃) via a rota tumbler assisted sol-gel process and reported for the first time. Comprehensive studies reveal that dual doping significantly affects the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the material. Rietveld refinement shows that doping adjusts the crystal structure, enlarging Na⁺ diffusion pathways and enhancing diffusion kinetics. Na₃V_1.9Fe_0.01Ni_0.09(PO₄)₂F₃ exhibits a superior capacity of 115.58 mAhg⁻¹ at 0.1C, 92.86 mAhg⁻¹ at 2C, 87.79 % cyclic retention at 2C after 500 cycles. The optimized material demonstrates robust performance across a wide temperature range (55 °C to −21.1 °C). Furthermore, full-cell constructed using Na₃V_1.9Fe_0.01Ni_0.09(PO₄)₂F₃ as cathode and hard carbon as anode delivers an impressive capacity of 87.01 mAhg⁻¹ at 1C and a retention of 94.50 % for 100 cycles at 0.5C. Moreover, reducing the vanadium content in the cathode helps lower the overall manufacturing costs. Our research demonstrates that Na₃V_1.9Fe_0.01Ni_0.09(PO₄)₂F₃ is a promising option for a high-performance cathode in sodium-ion batteries.

最近，聚阴离子材料被认为是钠离子电池阴极最有吸引力的选择。然而，Na3V2(PO4)2F3（NVPF）较差的电子导电性限制了其电化学性能，而钒的存在又增加了材料成本。为了应对这些挑战，我们通过滚筒式滚揉辅助溶胶-凝胶工艺合成了碳包覆的铁、镍双掺杂 NVPF（Na3V1.9Fe0.01Ni0.09(PO4)2F3），并首次进行了报道。综合研究表明，双掺杂显著影响了材料的结构、形态和电化学特性。里特维尔德精炼表明，掺杂调整了晶体结构，扩大了 Na⁺ 的扩散途径，增强了扩散动力学。Na3V1.9Fe0.01Ni0.09(PO4)2F3 在 0.1C 时的容量为 115.58 mAhg-1，2C 时为 92.86 mAhg-1，2C 循环 500 次后的循环保持率为 87.79%。优化后的材料在很宽的温度范围（55 °C至-21.1 °C）内都能表现出稳定的性能。此外，以 Na3V1.9Fe0.01Ni0.09(PO4)2F3 为阴极、硬碳为阳极构建的全电池在 1C 时的容量为 87.01 mAhg-1，在 0.5C 时循环 100 次的保持率为 94.50%。此外，减少阴极中的钒含量有助于降低总体制造成本。我们的研究表明，Na3V1.9Fe0.01Ni0.09(PO4)2F3 是钠离子电池高性能阴极的理想选择。

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引用次数: 0

Simultaneous gold and silver recovery in microbial fuel cells operating in a short-circuited mode 在短路模式下运行的微生物燃料电池中同时回收金和银

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235775

Yolina Hubenova , Eleonora Hubenova , Elitsa Chorbadzhiyska , Hristina Sbirkova-Dimitrova , Liliya Tsvetanova , Evelina Slavcheva

We suggest a novel bioelectrochemical approach for simultaneous precious metals recovery from Au(I)- and Ag(I)-dithiosulfate complexes with equivalent concentrations of Ag⁺ and Au⁺ in a two-chamber microbial fuel cell. The graphitized paper, used as a cathode, was short-circuited with the bioanode of a sediment microbial fuel cell thus operating the system as a microbial electrochemical snorkel without additional energy input. The generated current, the cathodic, and the anodic potentials were continuously recorded. Cyclic voltammetry was carried out as a fast method for the determination of the ion concentration depletion in the catholyte. The bimetallic deposits on the cathode surface have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, etc. It was established that the silver and gold particles are deposited at zero valence state only under polarization in proportion 0.89:1.00 on the cathode. The Au-Ag recovery of 96.7 ± 3.3 % was achieved for 24h of operation in short-circuited mode, and the cathodic efficiency approached 100 %. The obtained bimetallic deposits reveal better performance as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions compared to deposits obtained from the individual thiosulfate complexes of both metals suggesting their combined use as modified cathodes.

我们提出了一种新颖的生物电化学方法，可在双室微生物燃料电池中同时从 Ag+ 和 Au+ 浓度相当的 Au(I)- 和 Ag(I)- 二硫代硫酸盐络合物中回收贵金属。作为阴极的石墨化纸与沉积物微生物燃料电池的生物阳极短路，从而使该系统作为微生物电化学潜网运行，无需额外的能量输入。产生的电流、阴极电位和阳极电位被连续记录。循环伏安法是一种快速测定电解液中离子浓度损耗的方法。扫描电子显微镜、X 射线光电子能谱、能量色散 X 射线光谱、粉末 X 射线衍射等方法对阴极表面的双金属沉积物进行了表征。结果表明，只有在极化条件下，金银颗粒才会以 0.89:1.00 的比例沉积在阴极上的零价态。在短路模式下运行 24 小时后，金银回收率达到 96.7 ± 3.3 %，阴极效率接近 100 %。与这两种金属的硫代硫酸盐络合物沉积物相比，所获得的双金属沉积物具有更好的氢进化反应电催化剂性能，这表明它们可联合用作改性阴极。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of tau-shaped fins and perforated polyimide substrate for enhanced power output in flexible thermoelectric generator for human body heat harvesting 集成头状鳍片和穿孔聚酰亚胺衬底，增强柔性热电发生器的功率输出，用于人体热量采集

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235757

Dessalegn Abera Waktole, Boru Jia, Wei Wang, Zhengxing Zuo

In pursuing sustainable energy solutions, there is growing interest in flexible thermoelectric generators, which can convert body heat into electricity. This study introduces a strategy to improve performance by integrating novel Tau-shaped fins as an advanced heat sink and perforated polyimide substrate to enhance flexibility. The fins are designed and optimized for maximum heat dissipation and electric power output. The Tau-shaped fins characterized by this research have a unique bend structure, offering enhanced surface area for heat dissipation and improved fluid flow dynamics compared to conventional designs.

Employing numerical simulations and experimental validation, the study shows that integrating Tau-shaped fins with a flexible thermoelectric generator at a 0.708 Ω load resistance and a temperature gradient of 17 °C resulted in a maximum power output of 253.62 μW, with a power density of 188.48 μW/cm² over an effective area of 1.3456 cm², making a more than fourfold increase in power output compared to a generator without Tau-shaped fins. The findings highlight the potential of Tau-shaped fins to significantly enhance the power output of flexible thermoelectric generators, making them suitable for powering small-scale wearable electronics.

在寻求可持续能源解决方案的过程中，人们对可将人体热量转化为电能的柔性热电发电机越来越感兴趣。本研究介绍了一种提高性能的策略，即集成新型陶形鳍片作为先进的散热器，并采用穿孔聚酰亚胺衬底来提高灵活性。该鳍片经过设计和优化，可实现最大的散热和电力输出。通过数值模拟和实验验证，研究表明将 Tau 形鳍片与柔性热电发生器集成在 0.研究通过数值模拟和实验验证表明，在负载电阻为 0.708 Ω、温度梯度为 17 ℃ 的条件下，将 Tau 形鳍片与柔性热电发生器整合在一起，可在 1.3456 平方厘米的有效面积上输出 253.62 μW 的最大功率，功率密度为 188.48 μW/cm2，与不带 Tau 形鳍片的发生器相比，功率输出增加了四倍多。研究结果凸显了陶形鳍片在显著提高柔性热电发电机功率输出方面的潜力，使其适用于为小型可穿戴电子设备供电。

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引用次数: 0

Targeting flexible photodetectors responsive to specific irradiation spectra based on polymer-based composites 以聚合物基复合材料为基础，瞄准可响应特定辐照光谱的柔性光电探测器

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235790

Rui Pedro Raimundo , Vitor Correia , Bruna F. Gonçalves , Pedro Costa , Carmen R. Tubio , Manuel Salado , A.C. Lima , Vanessa F. Cardoso , Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez

The growing demand for advanced technologies to support the Internet of Things has prompted the search for innovative, flexible, lightweight, and cost-effective optoelectronic devices for large-scale applications. Photodetectors (PDs) convert optical signals into measurable electrical signals, making them essential in fields such as health monitoring, optical communication, and solar cells. This work embeds inorganic ZnO and CuO nanoparticles, as well as CsPbI₃ perovskite nanocrystals, in flexible and stretchable thermoplastic copolymer styrene ethylene butylene styrene (SEBS). The films were processed using the doctor blade technique and evaluated for their mechanical, optical, morphological, and thermal properties. Interdigitated electrodes were screen-printed on the films, which were then irradiated with visible and X-ray radiation to assess their electrical properties. Pristine SEBS films showed consistent conductivity under all irradiation conditions. In turn, SEBS@ZnO films showed increased conductivity under visible irradiation (∼9.9 × 10⁻⁵(Ω·mm)⁻¹) but minimal response to X-rays, while CuO@SEBS films exhibited conductivity under both visible light and X-rays, with slightly higher conductivity under X-ray irradiation (∼6.2 × 10⁻⁶(Ω·mm)⁻¹) compared to visible light (∼2.8 × 10⁻⁶(Ω·mm)⁻¹). Finally, SEBS@CsPbI₃ films uniquely responded to X-ray irradiation with a conductivity of ∼5.9 × 10⁻⁴(Ω·mm)⁻¹. These findings highlight the potential of flexible polymer-based composites for diverse applications, paving the way for lightweight, cost-effective, and adaptable PD systems.

对支持物联网的先进技术日益增长的需求，促使人们为大规模应用寻找创新、灵活、轻便、高性价比的光电器件。光电探测器（PD）能将光信号转换为可测量的电信号，因此在健康监测、光通信和太阳能电池等领域至关重要。这项研究将无机 ZnO 和 CuO 纳米粒子以及 CsPbI3 包晶石纳米晶体嵌入柔性可拉伸热塑性共聚物苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯（SEBS）中。薄膜采用刮刀技术进行加工，并对其机械、光学、形态和热性能进行了评估。在薄膜上丝网印刷了交错电极，然后用可见光和 X 射线照射薄膜，以评估其电气性能。原始 SEBS 薄膜在所有辐照条件下都显示出一致的导电性。反过来，SEBS@ZnO 薄膜在可见光辐照下的电导率有所提高（∼9.9 × 10-5（Ω-mm）-1），但对 X 射线的反应极小；而 CuO@SEBS 薄膜在可见光和 X 射线下均表现出电导率，在 X 射线辐照下的电导率（∼6.2 × 10-6（Ω-mm）-1）略高于可见光（∼2.8 × 10-6（Ω-mm）-1）。最后，SEBS@CsPbI3 薄膜对 X 射线辐照具有独特的响应，其电导率为 5.9 × 10-4（Ω-mm）-1。这些发现凸显了柔性聚合物基复合材料在各种应用中的潜力，为轻质、经济、适应性强的 PD 系统铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Si anodes via dual strategies of coating Si with a rigid polymer and employing a polymer binder with improved mechanical properties 通过在硅表面涂覆硬质聚合物和使用具有更佳机械性能的聚合物粘合剂的双重策略实现硅阳极

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235777

Yumi Kang , Jong Hyeok Han , Senthil Kannan , Sangwook Kim , Seo Jin Yeon , Tae-Hyun Kim

Si undergoes significant volume change over cycles which degrades the structural integrity and stability of the electrode. This volume change is the primary barrier to the commercialization of Si anodes, and it is more pronounced for Si particle sizes over 150 nm. In this study, a crosslinked polymer binder is developed using poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) (PAAM) with enhanced elasticity compared to the widely used poly(acrylic acid). PAAM is further grafted with boronic acid and dopamine, yielding PAAM-B-D, a binder with improved adhesion due to its 3D crosslinked network. Additionally, 350-nm Si is coated with cyclized polyacrylonitrile (cPAN) and heat-treated to form a conjugated structure. The cPAN-coated Si (cSi) exhibits enhanced conductivity and mechanical stiffness and is used as an active material. The developed Si anode effectively combines cPAN-coated Si with the crosslinked network formed in the PAAM-B-D polymer for enhanced adhesion. The cSi@PAAM-B-D electrode sufficiently maintains its structural integrity and mitigates the Si volume change even with the large-sized 350-nm Si. The cSi@PAAM-B-D exhibits a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 86.5 %, at a Si mass loading of 2 mg cm⁻². It also shows a capacity retention of 83.6 % and a high areal capacity of 3 mAh cm⁻² after 50 cycles.

硅在循环过程中会发生显著的体积变化，从而降低电极的结构完整性和稳定性。这种体积变化是硅阳极商业化的主要障碍，对于粒径超过 150 nm 的硅来说，这种变化更为明显。在本研究中，使用聚（丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺）（PAAM）开发了一种交联聚合物粘合剂，与广泛使用的聚（丙烯酸）相比，该粘合剂具有更强的弹性。PAAM 与硼酸和多巴胺进一步接枝，生成 PAAM-B-D，这种粘合剂因其三维交联网络而具有更好的粘附性。此外，还在 350 纳米的硅上涂覆环化聚丙烯腈（cPAN）并进行热处理以形成共轭结构。经 cPAN 涂层处理的硅（cSi）具有更强的导电性和机械刚度，可用作活性材料。所开发的硅阳极有效地将 cPAN 涂层硅与 PAAM-B-D 聚合物中形成的交联网络结合在一起，从而增强了附着力。cSi@PAAM-B-D 电极能充分保持结构的完整性，即使使用 350 纳米的大尺寸硅也能减轻硅体积的变化。在硅质量负载为 2 mg cm-2 时，cSi@PAAM-B-D 的初始库仑效率高达 86.5%。它还显示出 83.6% 的容量保持率和 50 个循环后 3 mAh cm-2 的高电容值。

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引用次数: 0

In-situ dual-exsolved nanometal anchoring on heterogeneous composite nanofiber using as SOEC cathode for direct and highly efficient CO2 electrolysis 原位双溶解纳米金属锚定在异质复合纳米纤维上，作为 SOEC 阴极直接高效电解二氧化碳

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235821

Tengpeng Wang , Ning Sun , Runze Wang , Dehua Dong , Tao Wei , Zhi Wang

An effective strategy for CO₂ electrolysis by solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) is to design high-performance cathode material by interface engineering. In this work, a Ni-doped Sr_0.95Ti_0.3Fe_0.7O_3-δ/Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_2-δ (denoted as STFN/GDCN) nanofiber composite is directly obtained via electrospinning. Then, Ni nanoparticles are dual-exsolved by 10%H₂/Ar reduction to in-situ anchor on the surface of STFN and GDCN (denoted as Ni@STFN/GDCN), which is used as SOECs cathode. This developed composite cathode not only facilitates CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) rate but also resists thermal aggregation and carbon deposition. The Ni@STFN/GDCN cathode operating in pure CO₂ with an applied voltage of 1.6 V achieves a current density of 1.85 A cm⁻², surpassing most of the advanced electrodes reports by other works. Furthermore, the CO₂RR testing at a current density of 1.5 A cm⁻² shows no significant voltage fluctuations during 180 h, demonstrating excellent long-term stability. Our testing results show that the in-situ dual-exsolved nanometal anchoring on heterogeneous composite nanofiber is a reliable and stable SOEC cathode for direct and highly efficient CO₂ electrolysis.

利用固体氧化物电解槽（SOEC）电解二氧化碳的有效策略是通过界面工程设计高性能阴极材料。在这项工作中，通过电纺丝直接获得了掺镍的 Sr0.95Ti0.3Fe0.7O3-δ/Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ （简称 STFN/GDCN）纳米纤维复合材料。然后，通过 10%H2/Ar还原法将镍纳米粒子双溶解，原位锚定在STFN和GDCN表面（记为Ni@STFN/GDCN），用作SOECs阴极。所开发的这种复合阴极不仅能提高二氧化碳还原反应（CO2RR）的速率，还能防止热聚集和碳沉积。镍@STFN/GDCN阴极在纯二氧化碳中工作时，外加电压为 1.6 V，电流密度达到 1.85 A cm-2，超过了其他研究报告中的大多数先进电极。此外，在电流密度为 1.5 A cm-2 的 CO2RR 测试中，电压在 180 小时内没有明显波动，显示出出色的长期稳定性。测试结果表明，异质复合纳米纤维上的原位双溶解纳米金属锚定是一种可靠、稳定的 SOEC 阴极，可直接高效地电解二氧化碳。

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引用次数: 0

Aluminum-air batteries with acidic bio-polymer gel electrolytes and wood-derived metal-free cathodes 采用酸性生物聚合物凝胶电解质和木材衍生无金属阴极的铝空气电池

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235784

M.F. Gaele, P. Gargiulo, T.M. Di Palma

Aluminum-air batteries with acidic xanthan-based gel polymer electrolytes and metal-free cathodes made of wood-derived activated carbons have been prepared and their electrochemical performances have been compared with those of the same cells assembled with benchmark platinum/carbon cathodes. Three-electrode electrochemical tests made possible to decouple the anodic and cathodic contributions during the functioning of the cells, allowing unambiguous interpretations of the electrode processes. Compared to the platinum/carbon cathodes, the cathodic potentials of the cheaper wood-derived cathodes show higher values, responsible for the enhanced cell potentials. The galvanostatic impedance spectroscopy carried out at different discharge currents and during discharge tests highlighted a lower impedance for both the charge transfer reaction and the mass transport phenomena of the activated carbon compared to the platinum/carbon one. We found that cells made with xanthan-based polymer gel electrolyte and wood-derived activated carbon have stable potentials at around 1 V @ 1 mA cm⁻², moderate capacity of about 25 mAh cm⁻² and gravimetric capacities that can reach the outstanding value of 2682 mAh g⁻¹ even at low discharge currents.

我们制备了使用酸性黄原胶聚合物电解质和木质活性碳制成的无金属阴极的铝空气电池，并将其电化学性能与使用基准铂/碳阴极组装的相同电池进行了比较。通过三电极电化学测试，可以将电池运行过程中的阳极和阴极贡献解耦，从而对电极过程做出明确的解释。与铂/碳阴极相比，廉价木材衍生阴极的阴极电位值更高，这也是电池电位增强的原因。在不同的放电电流下和放电测试过程中进行的电静电阻抗光谱分析表明，与铂/碳阴极相比，活性碳阴极的电荷转移反应和质量传输现象的阻抗较低。我们发现，使用黄原胶聚合物凝胶电解质和木质活性炭制成的电池电位稳定在 1 V @ 1 mA cm-2 左右，容量适中，约为 25 mAh cm-2，即使在低放电电流下，重力容量也能达到 2682 mAh g-1 的卓越值。

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引用次数: 0

Tuning properties of binary functionalization of Sc2C MXenes for supercapacitor electrodes 用于超级电容器电极的二元官能化 Sc2C MXenes 的调谐特性

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235796

Himalay Kolavada , Rishit S. Shukla , P.N. Gajjar , Sanjeev K. Gupta

Surface functionalization of two-dimensional (2D) materials like Sc₂C MXenes offers a promising avenue for tailoring their properties for various applications. At the same time, significant research has focused on pure terminations involving oxygen (-O), fluorine (-F), or hydroxyl (-OH) groups. Binary surface functionalization still needs to be explored. Our work addresses this gap by investigating binary functionalized Sc₂C monolayers, specifically Sc₂CFN and Sc₂COS. Using first-principles calculations, we explore the structural, electronic, and quantum capacitance (C_Q) properties of pristine Sc₂C and functionalized Sc₂CFN and Sc₂COS. The C_Q measurements reveal distinctive electronic behaviour, with Sc₂CFN and Sc₂COS exhibiting indirect bandgaps of 0.90 and 1.48 eV, respectively. Introducing functional groups induces a metal-to-semiconductor transition, enhancing charge storage at the cathode and increasing the C_Q to 371.64 and 341.23 μF/cm² for Sc₂CFN and Sc₂COS, respectively. As far as energy applications are concerned, we also calculate the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) efficiency, which is a widely accepted quantity to get an estimate of the photovoltaic efficiency of 28.77 % for Sc₂CFN and 32.97 % for Sc₂COS materials. Additionally, we analyze the current-voltage (IV) characteristics, uncovering negative differential conductance (NDC) effects in Sc₂COS, indicative of its potential for fast molecular switching applications. Our study provides valuable insights into the properties of binary functionalized Sc₂C MXenes, paving the way for their utilization in energy storage and nanoelectronic devices.

二维（2D）材料（如 Sc2C MXenes）的表面官能化为定制其性能以满足各种应用提供了一条前景广阔的途径。与此同时，大量研究集中于涉及氧（-O）、氟（-F）或羟基（-OH）的纯端接。二元表面功能化仍有待探索。我们的工作通过研究二元官能化 Sc2C 单层，特别是 Sc2CFN 和 Sc2COS，填补了这一空白。利用第一原理计算，我们探索了原始 Sc2C 以及官能化 Sc2CFN 和 Sc2COS 的结构、电子和量子电容 (CQ) 特性。CQ 测量揭示了与众不同的电子行为，Sc2CFN 和 Sc2COS 分别显示出 0.90 和 1.48 eV 的间接带隙。功能基团的引入诱导了金属到半导体的转变，增强了阴极的电荷存储，并使 Sc2CFN 和 Sc2COS 的 CQ 分别增至 371.64 和 341.23 μF/cm2。就能源应用而言，我们还计算了肖克利-奎塞尔（SQ）效率，这是一个广为接受的量，从而估算出 Sc2CFN 和 Sc2COS 材料的光电效率分别为 28.77% 和 32.97%。此外，我们还分析了电流-电压（IV）特性，发现了 Sc2COS 的负差分电导（NDC）效应，这表明它具有快速分子开关应用的潜力。我们的研究为了解二元官能化 Sc2C MXenes 的特性提供了宝贵的见解，为其在能量存储和纳米电子器件中的应用铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Enrichment of lithium ions for battery application by electrolysis through a nanoporous membrane 通过纳米多孔膜电解富集锂离子以应用于电池

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235748

S. Srishti, Shrisha S. Raj, B. Vani, Aarti Atkar, S. Sridhar, M. Madhu Mala

In recent years, lithium (Li) has become a valuable commodity widely used in rechargeable batteries. The present study aims to extract battery-grade lithium-ion, as lithium hydroxide (LiOH), from lithium chloride (LiCl) solution by the membrane electrolysis process. Experiments are performed using a commercial cation exchange membrane and an indigenous High flux-Nanofiltration 300 alkali resistant (HF-NF 300 AR) nanoporous membrane. The dual-chamber electrolytic cell incorporates a selective membrane to separate the feed and concentrate chambers containing LiCl solution and deionized water. These two chambers are connected with titanium electrodes through the external circuit. The in-situ design of the compact two-chambered acrylic electrolytic cell helps to separate metal ions from ionizable salts of sodium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, etc. The experiment is conducted on a laboratory scale by varying the LiCl concentration at voltages of 24 V and 36 V. The feed and concentrate solutions are analyzed for pH, conductivity, and total dissolved solids. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry evaluates the presence of metal ions in the solution. The study shows effective metal ion recovery and separation to achieve battery-grade Li.

近年来，锂（Li）已成为广泛应用于可充电电池的宝贵资源。本研究旨在通过膜电解过程从氯化锂溶液中提取电池级锂离子，即氢氧化锂（LiOH）。实验使用了商用阳离子交换膜和本土高通量纳滤 300 耐碱（HF-NF 300 AR）纳米多孔膜。双室电解槽包含一个选择性膜，用于分离含有氯化锂溶液和去离子水的进料室和浓缩室。这两个室通过外部电路与钛电极相连。紧凑型双室丙烯酸电解槽的原位设计有助于从钠、锂、镁、钾等可电离盐中分离金属离子。实验在实验室规模上进行，在 24 V 和 36 V 电压下改变氯化锂浓度。电感耦合等离子体-光发射光谱法评估了溶液中是否存在金属离子。研究结果表明，金属离子的有效回收和分离可实现电池级锂。

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引用次数: 0

Joint time-frequency physicochemical modeling and parameter sensitivity analysis on dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of lithium-ion batteries 锂离子电池动态电化学阻抗谱时频物理化学联合建模和参数敏感性分析

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Power Sources

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235762

Hongkai Chen , Zeyu Li

Physicochemical lithium-ion battery models are promising for advanced battery management systems because they can estimate internal electrochemical states to ensure battery durability and safety. However, these models involve numerous unknown parameters to be identified, and conventional terminal voltage measurements are insufficient for reliable parameter identification. Dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), which can be measured in real time during charging, provides more comprehensive battery characteristics than voltage measurements alone. Therefore, this study develops a lumped-parameter version of joint time-frequency physicochemical models, reducing the number of model parameters and enabling DEIS response simulation. A parameter sensitivity analysis is performed on terminal voltage and DEIS responses under different charging currents and impedance frequencies. The results indicate that 24 model parameters exhibit varying degrees of sensitivity for terminal voltage and dynamic impedance real and imaginary parts. For most parameters, low-current charging enhances their impedance sensitivity, while high-current charging increases their voltage sensitivity. Based on the sensitivity rankings for voltage and DEIS responses, the 24 parameters are divided into eight groups. For each parameter group, appropriate response selections for identification are determined. This study can assist in improving parameter identification of battery models and developing advanced battery management systems.

物理化学锂离子电池模型可以估算内部电化学状态，从而确保电池的耐用性和安全性，因此在先进的电池管理系统中大有可为。然而，这些模型需要识别大量未知参数，而传统的端电压测量不足以进行可靠的参数识别。动态电化学阻抗谱（DEIS）可在充电过程中实时测量，比单纯的电压测量能提供更全面的电池特性。因此，本研究开发了时频联合物理化学模型的整块参数版本，减少了模型参数数量，实现了 DEIS 响应模拟。在不同充电电流和阻抗频率下，对终端电压和 DEIS 响应进行了参数敏感性分析。结果表明，24 个模型参数对终端电压和动态阻抗的实部和虚部表现出不同程度的敏感性。对大多数参数而言，小电流充电会增强其阻抗灵敏度，而大电流充电则会提高其电压灵敏度。根据电压和 DEIS 响应的灵敏度排序，24 个参数被分为八组。针对每个参数组，确定了适当的识别响应选择。这项研究有助于改进电池模型的参数识别和开发先进的电池管理系统。

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