Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.5
Nouf Abdullah Alsudairy, M. Eltantawy
Background: Artificial intelligence technologies improve the learning environment; in the near future, they are expected to provide great benefits for students and teachers, in general, and for those with disabilities and their teachers, in particular. Objective: This research has aimed at identifying the perceptions of special education teachers about the use of artificial intelligence in teaching students with disabilities as well as identifying the impact of some variables, such as the number of years of experience, disability category, or the school stage, on these perceptions. Methods and Participants: The research was based on the descriptive approach. The research sample consists of 301 male and female teachers of students with disabilities from Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It includes 138 males and 163 females, divided into a group of special education programs. The research used a questionnaire on the perceptions of special education teachers about the use of artificial intelligence in educating students with disabilities. Results: The research findings showed that these teachers' perceptions were mostly neutral, that there are differences in their perceptions due to the number of years of experience, and that there are no differences in their perceptions due to the disability category or school stage variable. Conclusions: As artificial intelligence is considered one of the modern variables in the field of education for people with disabilities in the Arab environment, it is expected to support personal education, assistive technologies, data-based decision-making when teaching people with disabilities, and promoting inclusion. The research also presented a questionnaire identifying special education teachers' perceptions of artificial intelligence.
{"title":"Special Education Teachers' Perceptions of Using Artificial Intelligence in Educating Students with Disabilities","authors":"Nouf Abdullah Alsudairy, M. Eltantawy","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Artificial intelligence technologies improve the learning environment; in the near future, they are expected to provide great benefits for students and teachers, in general, and for those with disabilities and their teachers, in particular. \u0000Objective: This research has aimed at identifying the perceptions of special education teachers about the use of artificial intelligence in teaching students with disabilities as well as identifying the impact of some variables, such as the number of years of experience, disability category, or the school stage, on these perceptions. \u0000Methods and Participants: The research was based on the descriptive approach. The research sample consists of 301 male and female teachers of students with disabilities from Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It includes 138 males and 163 females, divided into a group of special education programs. The research used a questionnaire on the perceptions of special education teachers about the use of artificial intelligence in educating students with disabilities. \u0000Results: The research findings showed that these teachers' perceptions were mostly neutral, that there are differences in their perceptions due to the number of years of experience, and that there are no differences in their perceptions due to the disability category or school stage variable. \u0000Conclusions: As artificial intelligence is considered one of the modern variables in the field of education for people with disabilities in the Arab environment, it is expected to support personal education, assistive technologies, data-based decision-making when teaching people with disabilities, and promoting inclusion. The research also presented a questionnaire identifying special education teachers' perceptions of artificial intelligence.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141799212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.3
Liana Spytska
This study investigates the progression of paranoid personality disorder (PPD) and its influence on social interactions. Contemporary research indicates that genetic predispositions and extrinsic variables, such as crisis events, play a role in the development of PPD. Individuals with PPD frequently struggle to form enduring social relationships as a result of their prevailing negative thoughts, hostility, and unwillingness to compromise. The study emphasizes the need for prompt psychological support in overcoming stereotyped cognition and diminishing social seclusion among individuals with personality disorders. The study employs a theoretical and methodological framework that integrates analytical research methodologies and content analysis of psychotherapy interventions for individuals with neuropsychiatric conditions. The findings uncover challenges about psychological adjustment, emotional control, and interpersonal communication abilities among patients with PPD. This article also presents contemporary psychotherapy approaches that aid in recovering mental well-being. Furthermore, a pragmatic framework for the diagnosis and treatment of PPD in psychotherapy has been created. The findings collected in this study hold great importance for professionals in the fields of education and social work, as well as practical value for psychologists and psychotherapists who offer support to those at risk of developing neuropsychiatric illnesses.
{"title":"The Inner World and Formation of the Paranoid Personality Type in Persons with Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Liana Spytska","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the progression of paranoid personality disorder (PPD) and its influence on social interactions. Contemporary research indicates that genetic predispositions and extrinsic variables, such as crisis events, play a role in the development of PPD. Individuals with PPD frequently struggle to form enduring social relationships as a result of their prevailing negative thoughts, hostility, and unwillingness to compromise. The study emphasizes the need for prompt psychological support in overcoming stereotyped cognition and diminishing social seclusion among individuals with personality disorders. The study employs a theoretical and methodological framework that integrates analytical research methodologies and content analysis of psychotherapy interventions for individuals with neuropsychiatric conditions. The findings uncover challenges about psychological adjustment, emotional control, and interpersonal communication abilities among patients with PPD. This article also presents contemporary psychotherapy approaches that aid in recovering mental well-being. Furthermore, a pragmatic framework for the diagnosis and treatment of PPD in psychotherapy has been created. The findings collected in this study hold great importance for professionals in the fields of education and social work, as well as practical value for psychologists and psychotherapists who offer support to those at risk of developing neuropsychiatric illnesses.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.1
Aderibigbe Samson Akinwumi, Adeleke Owoade Philip, Akintoye Oluyemi Ayorinde, Mabel Obioma Ajah, Emmanuel Ahuenasebhor, Okoye Joy Sade, Igbineweka Paul Osa, Ogunjimi Blessing Etukudo, Apie Martina Ayibeya, Ntino Martina Ongbonya, Okoi I.I. Ikpi, Obeten Okoi Okorn, Christopher Okoi Ofem, James Daniel Daniel, Itam Ben Edet, Orim Samuel Orim
Access to education has been a challenge to individuals with intellectual disability (ID) in Cross River State, Nigeria, as a result of limited schools that accept these individuals. This study consequently investigated the knowledge and perception of regular teachers about children with ID and their level of acceptance into the regular classroom. Two hundred (200) teachers in public primary schools in Calabar municipal were randomly selected for the study. A descriptive research design was adopted. “Teachers’ Knowledge, Perception and Acceptability of Teachers towards Children with Intellectual Disability (TKPATCID)” was used as an instrument for data collection. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency count, simple percentage standard deviation, and mean scores. Findings showed that the knowledge of regular teachers about children with ID is very low. The majority of the regular teachers have negative perceptions of children with ID. Similarly, the majority of the respondents were of the opinion that children with ID should not be accepted alongside their non-disabled counterparts in the classroom. It was therefore recommended, among others, that awareness of the nature of ID be created. Regular in-service training should be organized for regular education teachers by the government in order to properly equip them with relevant and up-to-date knowledge of children with ID.
{"title":"Perception and Acceptability of Regular Education Teachers Towards Inclusion of Children with Intellectual Disability in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"Aderibigbe Samson Akinwumi, Adeleke Owoade Philip, Akintoye Oluyemi Ayorinde, Mabel Obioma Ajah, Emmanuel Ahuenasebhor, Okoye Joy Sade, Igbineweka Paul Osa, Ogunjimi Blessing Etukudo, Apie Martina Ayibeya, Ntino Martina Ongbonya, Okoi I.I. Ikpi, Obeten Okoi Okorn, Christopher Okoi Ofem, James Daniel Daniel, Itam Ben Edet, Orim Samuel Orim","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.1","url":null,"abstract":"Access to education has been a challenge to individuals with intellectual disability (ID) in Cross River State, Nigeria, as a result of limited schools that accept these individuals. This study consequently investigated the knowledge and perception of regular teachers about children with ID and their level of acceptance into the regular classroom. Two hundred (200) teachers in public primary schools in Calabar municipal were randomly selected for the study. A descriptive research design was adopted. “Teachers’ Knowledge, Perception and Acceptability of Teachers towards Children with Intellectual Disability (TKPATCID)” was used as an instrument for data collection. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency count, simple percentage standard deviation, and mean scores. Findings showed that the knowledge of regular teachers about children with ID is very low. The majority of the regular teachers have negative perceptions of children with ID. Similarly, the majority of the respondents were of the opinion that children with ID should not be accepted alongside their non-disabled counterparts in the classroom. It was therefore recommended, among others, that awareness of the nature of ID be created. Regular in-service training should be organized for regular education teachers by the government in order to properly equip them with relevant and up-to-date knowledge of children with ID.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.4
Valentyna Tarasun, Nataliia Melnyk, Tetiana Stepanova, T. Dotsevych, Olena Al-Mrayat
Background: This article explores the strategies and approaches used in Ukraine and Sweden's Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) systems for providing early care to children with developmental disabilities. It examines the similarities and differences in policies, legislation, professional training, family involvement, resource allocation, service provision, integration vs. segregation practices, and cultural attitudes toward disability between the two countries. Methods: This study used questionnaires and surveys, analysis of learning outcomes, performance evaluation, and an expert evaluation method. Results: The authors analyze Ukrainian best practices for implementing early care for children with developmental disabilities. In the example of the Swedish system and the context of a comparative investigation of early care for children with developmental disabilities in the countries under analysis, the authors pointed out the strengths and weak aspects of both systems and distinguished the similarities and differences. The theoretical study allowed the practical perspectives and critical Swedish practices that could be implemented in modern Ukrainian practices, among which the most perspectives are those related to early intervention programs, individualized support plans, and fostering partnerships with community organizations and healthcare providers. Rresearch Limitation: The experimental part of the study included a relatively small sample size (50 respondents) and was characterized by a short duration (three months). This may limit the ability to generalize the results. Conclusions: Additionally, the emphasis on inclusive curriculum and environments, as well as professional development opportunities for educators on inclusive practices, could significantly enhance modern Ukrainian practices in early care for children with developmental disabilities.
{"title":"Directions and Practices for Implementing Early Care for Children with Developmental Disabilities in Ukrainian and Swedish ECEC System","authors":"Valentyna Tarasun, Nataliia Melnyk, Tetiana Stepanova, T. Dotsevych, Olena Al-Mrayat","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.02.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This article explores the strategies and approaches used in Ukraine and Sweden's Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) systems for providing early care to children with developmental disabilities. It examines the similarities and differences in policies, legislation, professional training, family involvement, resource allocation, service provision, integration vs. segregation practices, and cultural attitudes toward disability between the two countries. \u0000Methods: This study used questionnaires and surveys, analysis of learning outcomes, performance evaluation, and an expert evaluation method. \u0000Results: The authors analyze Ukrainian best practices for implementing early care for children with developmental disabilities. In the example of the Swedish system and the context of a comparative investigation of early care for children with developmental disabilities in the countries under analysis, the authors pointed out the strengths and weak aspects of both systems and distinguished the similarities and differences. The theoretical study allowed the practical perspectives and critical Swedish practices that could be implemented in modern Ukrainian practices, among which the most perspectives are those related to early intervention programs, individualized support plans, and fostering partnerships with community organizations and healthcare providers. \u0000Rresearch Limitation: The experimental part of the study included a relatively small sample size (50 respondents) and was characterized by a short duration (three months). This may limit the ability to generalize the results. \u0000Conclusions: Additionally, the emphasis on inclusive curriculum and environments, as well as professional development opportunities for educators on inclusive practices, could significantly enhance modern Ukrainian practices in early care for children with developmental disabilities.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141656986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This psychological research, conducted in the first months of the war, was carried out for the first time in world scientific practice. Our aim was to present the missing mathematical-statistical assessment of the emotional response and psycho-physiological state of civilians who, from the first day of the war, were in Kharkiv, constantly under Russian-aggressor fire. Methods: 585 Kharkiv participants were tested using the only possible means accepted during constant rocket attacks and hostilities (visual psychodiagnostics methods). Results: Negative mental manifestations and the disability of Kharkivites to manage their psycho-emotional state have been established. Their evolution has been traced. The time stages of the participants’ states were identified and characterized. Nearly all participants demonstrated intense stress-induced arousal and psycho-emotional incapacity/inability. Psychotrauma also developed among Kharkivites, who constantly monitored military events through social Internet networks. Children were the most susceptible to all severe sensations. Conclusions: The identified conditions are dangerous because they lead to pathological neurological-somatic disorders, psycho-emotional incapacity, or disability due to the stress-induced somatic-physiological destruction of the body. To normalize the psycho-emotional self-awareness and to help the participants get out of a stressful state, various preventive-rehabilitation means were used.
{"title":"Extreme Psycho-Emotional Stress for Kharkivites Caused by Russia-Aggressor Bombardments: Ways to Overcome","authors":"A. Ivanchenko, Vitalii Khrystenko, Yanina Ovsyannikova, Evgenij Zaika, Tetiana Perepeliuk, Inna Osadchenko","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This psychological research, conducted in the first months of the war, was carried out for the first time in world scientific practice. Our aim was to present the missing mathematical-statistical assessment of the emotional response and psycho-physiological state of civilians who, from the first day of the war, were in Kharkiv, constantly under Russian-aggressor fire. \u0000Methods: 585 Kharkiv participants were tested using the only possible means accepted during constant rocket attacks and hostilities (visual psychodiagnostics methods). \u0000Results: Negative mental manifestations and the disability of Kharkivites to manage their psycho-emotional state have been established. Their evolution has been traced. The time stages of the participants’ states were identified and characterized. Nearly all participants demonstrated intense stress-induced arousal and psycho-emotional incapacity/inability. Psychotrauma also developed among Kharkivites, who constantly monitored military events through social Internet networks. Children were the most susceptible to all severe sensations. \u0000Conclusions: The identified conditions are dangerous because they lead to pathological neurological-somatic disorders, psycho-emotional incapacity, or disability due to the stress-induced somatic-physiological destruction of the body. To normalize the psycho-emotional self-awareness and to help the participants get out of a stressful state, various preventive-rehabilitation means were used.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.1
Esther Vela, Daniela Henao, Laura Serrano, Laura Martín
Background: Intellectual disability is a disorder of intellectual development that, due to its characteristics, involves a series of limitations in cognitive functioning and generalization of learning. These difficulties can evolve with appropriate intervention, which can enhance the quality of life of these people and their families. Objectives: The study seeks to determine the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities in general and in its different dimensions, taking into account the perception of the person with a disability and that of his/her family. Methods: This study focuses on a specific field: higher education for people with intellectual disabilities. It uses a sample of 19 young people and their 19 corresponding families to determine whether there are significant differences between the two groups, i.e., parents and children. The INICO-FEAPS tool was used to achieve these objectives. Results: The data obtained, and their subsequent analysis have allowed us to detect medium-high levels of quality of life and significant differences between the indices of both groups, highlighting higher scores in the case of families. In addition, self-determination has been revealed as the dimension with the lowest scores, followed by social inclusion and interpersonal relationships. Conclusion: This makes it possible, at the professional level, to focus on these aspects and become aware of the necessary measures to improve intervention in the educational and family environment.
{"title":"Quality of Life in Higher Education for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities and Family Perceptions","authors":"Esther Vela, Daniela Henao, Laura Serrano, Laura Martín","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intellectual disability is a disorder of intellectual development that, due to its characteristics, involves a series of limitations in cognitive functioning and generalization of learning. These difficulties can evolve with appropriate intervention, which can enhance the quality of life of these people and their families. \u0000Objectives: The study seeks to determine the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities in general and in its different dimensions, taking into account the perception of the person with a disability and that of his/her family. \u0000Methods: This study focuses on a specific field: higher education for people with intellectual disabilities. It uses a sample of 19 young people and their 19 corresponding families to determine whether there are significant differences between the two groups, i.e., parents and children. The INICO-FEAPS tool was used to achieve these objectives. \u0000Results: The data obtained, and their subsequent analysis have allowed us to detect medium-high levels of quality of life and significant differences between the indices of both groups, highlighting higher scores in the case of families. In addition, self-determination has been revealed as the dimension with the lowest scores, followed by social inclusion and interpersonal relationships. \u0000Conclusion: This makes it possible, at the professional level, to focus on these aspects and become aware of the necessary measures to improve intervention in the educational and family environment.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140965625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.3
Liana Spytska
Background: This article delves into the complex world of sexual dysfunctions in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), a topic that has been relatively underexplored in the realm of psychological research. Intending to shed light on the unique challenges faced by this population, the article meticulously examines the barriers to effective communication, cognitive differences, and the social dynamics that impact both the experiences and treatment outcomes for individuals with ID. Methods: The study utilized a blend of empirical methods, including questionnaires, psychodiagnostic tests, and graphical representations of data, and was conducted among a substantial sample of 1450 individuals with ID in Kyiv, Ukraine. It offers a comprehensive overview of the sexual health landscape within this community. Results: The research findings highlight a notable prevalence of sexual dysfunctions among the ID population, exacerbated by a lack of accessible sexual education, the prevalence of unsafe sexual practices, and a high rate of self-reported sexual abuse. Conclusions: The article emphasizes the importance of a nuanced understanding and approach to sexual health care and education for individuals with ID. It calls for policies, practices, and further research that honor the dignity, autonomy, and sexual rights of individuals with ID, aiming to bridge the current gaps in care and understanding. By doing so, it contributes significantly to the discourse on sexual health in the ID population, offering valuable insights and directions for future work in this vital area of study.
{"title":"Understanding Sexual Dysfunctions in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities from A Psychological Perspective","authors":"Liana Spytska","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This article delves into the complex world of sexual dysfunctions in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), a topic that has been relatively underexplored in the realm of psychological research. Intending to shed light on the unique challenges faced by this population, the article meticulously examines the barriers to effective communication, cognitive differences, and the social dynamics that impact both the experiences and treatment outcomes for individuals with ID. \u0000Methods: The study utilized a blend of empirical methods, including questionnaires, psychodiagnostic tests, and graphical representations of data, and was conducted among a substantial sample of 1450 individuals with ID in Kyiv, Ukraine. It offers a comprehensive overview of the sexual health landscape within this community. \u0000Results: The research findings highlight a notable prevalence of sexual dysfunctions among the ID population, exacerbated by a lack of accessible sexual education, the prevalence of unsafe sexual practices, and a high rate of self-reported sexual abuse. \u0000Conclusions: The article emphasizes the importance of a nuanced understanding and approach to sexual health care and education for individuals with ID. It calls for policies, practices, and further research that honor the dignity, autonomy, and sexual rights of individuals with ID, aiming to bridge the current gaps in care and understanding. By doing so, it contributes significantly to the discourse on sexual health in the ID population, offering valuable insights and directions for future work in this vital area of study.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.2
Sandisiwe Buthelezi, D. Mawila
Background: This study investigates the risk factors faced by parents of children with Severe Intellectual Disabilities. Methods: This study used a phenomenological research design within a qualitative research approach. Six parents of children diagnosed with Severe Intellectual Disability at Learners with Special Educational Needs schools were purposively selected to participate in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a focus group. Thematic data analysis was used to analyze data. Results: The findings of this study revealed that parents of children with Severe Intellectual Disabilities faced risks that exacerbated negative outcomes. Psychological distress, social exclusion and isolation, financial burdens, and lack of access to formal education were risk factors that hindered their ability to care for and support their children. Conclusions: Based on these findings, the study concluded that parents need access to multidisciplinary teams of healthcare professionals to support them in combatting the risk factors they face.
{"title":"There is always Sorrow: Risk Factors Faced by Parents of Children Presenting with Severe Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Sandisiwe Buthelezi, D. Mawila","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2024.12.01.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study investigates the risk factors faced by parents of children with Severe Intellectual Disabilities. \u0000Methods: This study used a phenomenological research design within a qualitative research approach. Six parents of children diagnosed with Severe Intellectual Disability at Learners with Special Educational Needs schools were purposively selected to participate in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a focus group. Thematic data analysis was used to analyze data. \u0000Results: The findings of this study revealed that parents of children with Severe Intellectual Disabilities faced risks that exacerbated negative outcomes. Psychological distress, social exclusion and isolation, financial burdens, and lack of access to formal education were risk factors that hindered their ability to care for and support their children. \u0000Conclusions: Based on these findings, the study concluded that parents need access to multidisciplinary teams of healthcare professionals to support them in combatting the risk factors they face.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-25DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2023.11.05.1
D. Galletta, C. Santoriello, A.I. Califano, I. Lauria, G. Santangelo
Background: Borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) and schizoid personality disorder (Schizoid PD) are clinical conditions under-researched and poorly understood. The principal aim of this retrospective study was to investigate cognitive abilities in people with BIF and Schizoid PD. Clinical, demographic, and neuropsychological data of forty-seven Schizoid PD participants, with an average age of 35, were analyzed. The sample split into two groups: Schizoid PD with BIF (BIF+: n = 24; intelligence quotient – IQ range: 71-84) and Schizoid PD without BIF (BIF-: n = 23; IQ range: 89-121). A descriptive analysis of the clinical and demographic characteristics of the two groups was performed. Methods: Neuropsychological measures (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised – WAIS-R IQ, factor index, subtest scores) and cognitive performance deficits in the two groups were compared using parametric and non-parametric tests, as necessary. Correlation coefficients were calculated for relationships between variables. Regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors associated with negative outcomes, such as substance use behavior. Results: The results revealed that the cognitive profile of BIF+ deviated significantly from that observed in BIF-. Peculiar BIF+ dysfunctions were found in the domains of verbal and perceptual reasoning, attention, memory, processing speed, planning, and problem-solving. The verbal IQ had the highest discriminative value for the presence of BIF in patients with Schizoid PD. Conclusions: The BIF condition and the verbal comprehension index were the predictors most associated with substance use behavior. Early identification of BIF should be relevant to planning targeted intervention strategies to improve daily life skills and outcomes.
{"title":"Cognitive Abilities in Schizoid Personality Disorder with and without Borderline Intellectual Functioning: The Burden in Psychopathology","authors":"D. Galletta, C. Santoriello, A.I. Califano, I. Lauria, G. Santangelo","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2023.11.05.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2023.11.05.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) and schizoid personality disorder (Schizoid PD) are clinical conditions under-researched and poorly understood. The principal aim of this retrospective study was to investigate cognitive abilities in people with BIF and Schizoid PD. Clinical, demographic, and neuropsychological data of forty-seven Schizoid PD participants, with an average age of 35, were analyzed. The sample split into two groups: Schizoid PD with BIF (BIF+: n = 24; intelligence quotient – IQ range: 71-84) and Schizoid PD without BIF (BIF-: n = 23; IQ range: 89-121). A descriptive analysis of the clinical and demographic characteristics of the two groups was performed. \u0000Methods: Neuropsychological measures (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised – WAIS-R IQ, factor index, subtest scores) and cognitive performance deficits in the two groups were compared using parametric and non-parametric tests, as necessary. Correlation coefficients were calculated for relationships between variables. Regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors associated with negative outcomes, such as substance use behavior. \u0000Results: The results revealed that the cognitive profile of BIF+ deviated significantly from that observed in BIF-. Peculiar BIF+ dysfunctions were found in the domains of verbal and perceptual reasoning, attention, memory, processing speed, planning, and problem-solving. The verbal IQ had the highest discriminative value for the presence of BIF in patients with Schizoid PD. \u0000Conclusions: The BIF condition and the verbal comprehension index were the predictors most associated with substance use behavior. Early identification of BIF should be relevant to planning targeted intervention strategies to improve daily life skills and outcomes.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139597023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-25DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2023.11.05.2
Maha Siddiqui, S. Farooqui, Jaza Rizvi, B. Soomro, Batool Hassan
This study investigated the impact of motor skill interventions in improving motor proficiency among children with developmental delays following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis “PRISMA” recommendations. The included studies were searched on four databases: Google Scholar, PEDro, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. Studies published during the year 2012 to 2022 were selected. The data was extracted by defining the publication year, type of study design, targeted population, and type of physical therapy intervention. The outcome measures included four components of motor proficiency: bilateral coordination, balance, speed and agility, and strength. The results revealed statistically significant findings and a large effect size for bilateral coordination (SMD=1.003, CI=95%) and speed and agility (SMD=0.854, CI=95%). However, a smaller effect size with significant findings was observed in the balance domains (SMD=0.333, CI=95%) and strength (SMD=0.337, CI=95%). Despite the promising results of the analyzed interventions, some of the included studies observed a high risk of bias. However, it is evident from the analysis that protocols directed toward advanced approaches have shown more promising results than traditional physical exercise regimens.
本研究按照系统综述和元分析首选报告项目（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis）"PRISMA "的建议，调查了运动技能干预对提高发育迟缓儿童运动能力的影响。纳入的研究在四个数据库中进行了检索：Google Scholar、PEDro、MEDLINE 和 Cochrane Library。选取的研究发表于 2012 年至 2022 年。通过定义发表年份、研究设计类型、目标人群和物理治疗干预类型来提取数据。结果测量包括运动能力的四个组成部分：双侧协调、平衡、速度和敏捷性以及力量。结果显示，双侧协调性（SMD=1.003，CI=95%）和速度与敏捷性（SMD=0.854，CI=95%）的研究结果具有统计学意义，且效应大小较大。然而，在平衡领域（SMD=0.333，CI=95%）和力量领域（SMD=0.337，CI=95%）观察到的显著效果较小。尽管所分析的干预措施取得了令人鼓舞的结果，但所纳入的一些研究发现存在较高的偏倚风险。不过，从分析中可以明显看出，与传统的体育锻炼方案相比，针对先进方法的方案显示出更有前景的结果。
{"title":"Improving Motor Proficiency in Children with Developmental Delays: A Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Impact of Motor Skills Interventions","authors":"Maha Siddiqui, S. Farooqui, Jaza Rizvi, B. Soomro, Batool Hassan","doi":"10.6000/2292-2598.2023.11.05.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2023.11.05.2","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the impact of motor skill interventions in improving motor proficiency among children with developmental delays following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis “PRISMA” recommendations. The included studies were searched on four databases: Google Scholar, PEDro, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. Studies published during the year 2012 to 2022 were selected. The data was extracted by defining the publication year, type of study design, targeted population, and type of physical therapy intervention. The outcome measures included four components of motor proficiency: bilateral coordination, balance, speed and agility, and strength. The results revealed statistically significant findings and a large effect size for bilateral coordination (SMD=1.003, CI=95%) and speed and agility (SMD=0.854, CI=95%). However, a smaller effect size with significant findings was observed in the balance domains (SMD=0.333, CI=95%) and strength (SMD=0.337, CI=95%). Despite the promising results of the analyzed interventions, some of the included studies observed a high risk of bias. However, it is evident from the analysis that protocols directed toward advanced approaches have shown more promising results than traditional physical exercise regimens.","PeriodicalId":37806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139597848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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