World Development Perspectives最新文献_第2页

“De” centralization of natural resources and environmental governance in Armenia

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100658

Gor Samvel , Eleonora Matevosyan , Heghine Grigoryan-Hakhverdyan , Olimpia Geghamyan

Since the adoption of its 1995 Constitution, local self-governance has been central to Armenia’s democratic development. Yet, over the years, municipal governance has faced legitimacy challenges and low performance. In response, the central government amalgamated 915 local communities into 64, claiming that larger communities would have greater opportunities for natural resource conservation and benefit-sharing, thereby receiving additional means to address inefficiencies in public service delivery. Existing scholarship largely confirms the positive socio-economic outcomes of environmental decentralization. However, the literature highlights that the key to effective decentralization lies in a clear, transparent, and well-resourced transfer of responsibilities, rather than merely amalgamation reform. Against such background, this paper assesses the scope and the extent of environmental decentralization in Armenia and contemplates whether amalgamation reform, under the current scope of decentralization, increased local communities’ opportunities for environmental conservation and natural resources use. The findings suggest that environmental decentralization is happening to a limited extent in Armenia. Not only are local authorities granted a restricted scope of legal responsibilities, only 41 % of those responsibilities are implemented. Furthermore, the evidence suggests that amalgamation reform only affected the size of the communities but had no observable impact on improving environment conservation or resource utilization opportunities for local communities.

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引用次数: 0

‘I feed my family but I own no land’: Understanding the complexities of women’s irrigable land access and wellbeing in northern Ghana

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100659

Ibrahim Abu Abdulai

Community irrigation schemes play a key role in the sustenance of rural women farmers. However, the literature on how women’s irrigable land access is intertwined with wellbeing under community irrigation schemes is still evolving. There is a need to deepen knowledge of the contemporary dynamics of irrigable land access, given its priority in promoting women’s empowerment. This study draws evidence from the Wa West District, Ghana, to unravel the nuance of women’s irrigable land accessibility under community irrigation schemes using a qualitative research approach involving 59 participants. Thematic analysis of in-depth interviews and focus group discussions revealed that women have access to irrigable land, albeit under implicit and explicit conditions like shouldering household feeding responsibilities and household irrigable land size. Women’s access to irrigable land for irrigation farming helped improve their welfare through supplementary income, a step towards the first Sustainable Development Goal. However, the underdevelopment of irrigation infrastructure limited production efforts. Constructing canals and fences and providing water-pumping machines will help boost production.

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引用次数: 0

Climate change impact on food security: Household-level adaptation barriers to Charland community in Bangladesh

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100656

Most. Mitu Akter , N. M. Refat Nasher

Food security is a major concern in the era of climate change, as it is extremely susceptible to ongoing climatic fluctuations. Recent harsh weather due to climate change has caused significant crop loss, resulting in food insecurity in Bangladesh. The influencing factors for farmers’ selection of climate change adaptation strategies and the resulting implications for household food security and poverty were assessed in this study. This study utilized extensive data from 380 farmers (from two upazilas, and each upazila comprised 190 samples) from the Kurigram district. The Probit, censored least absolute deviation (CLAD), and propensity score matching (PSM) models were used to examine the factors affecting climate-change adaptation practices, number of practices, food security, and poverty. The CLAD and PSM suggested that income diversification effectively enhances food security. Age was negatively associated with the number of strategies; young people have been adopting more adaptation strategies. The livestock rearing (87% of households) and change in planting time (82%) were the principal adaptation strategies at the household level in the study area. The homestead gardening had a negligible impact on poverty reduction. The number of adaptation strategies depended on the household head’s decision, education level, and income. Implementing climate change adaptation methods at the farm level can result in substantial development benefits, in addition to mitigating vulnerability to climate-related risks. This study suggested that a specific vulnerable group of people might be considered for food insecurity. The policymakers would be able to make rules and regulations for such a group of people, and NGOs could help.

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引用次数: 0

Perceptions of people in host communities on the implementation of dam-induced involuntary resettlement programme in the Global South: The case of Bui Dam in Ghana

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100650

Emmanuel Junior Adugbila , Dimo Todorovski , Karin Pfeffer , Jaap Zevenbergen

Hydro-dams in the Global South have become pivotal to accelerating socio-economic development and promoting the industrialisation drive through the supply of energy. The implementation of hydro-dam projects usually comes with involuntary resettlements. Such involuntary resettlements have consequences for those displaced and people in the host communities receiving the displaced for their integration. While existing studies focus on the planning phase of resettlement programmes, particularly, how to identify the hosts in the resettlement planning frameworks, little attention is given to the hosts during resettlement implementation. This study seeks to investigate the implementation processes, rules and regulations of dam-induced involuntary resettlement (DIIR) programmes and how they affect the socio-cultural dimensions of the life of the hosts, using the case of the Bui Dam in Ghana. The study used the impoverishment risk and reconstruction theory to do so. The study found that the implementation processes of the DIIR programme are fraught with shortcomings in terms of non-compliance with local planning laws, inadequate compensation and the Resettlement Planning Framework’s failure to capture the hosts during its implementation. It shows contrasting findings in the literature, with only Ghanaian laws applied to regulate the implementation of the Bui Dam resettlement programme without international laws despite the hybrid financing sources. It furthers the argument in the literature that a successful implementation of a DIIR programme is not only limited to international and national legal frameworks but should consider socio-cultural conditions and values of a community and country. We, therefore, recommend that people-based and place-based policies are adopted during the implementation of the DIIR programme.

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引用次数: 0

Lighting the path to sustainable development: The impact of sustainability disclosure, corporate tax, and economic growth

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100655

Alhassan Haladu , Saeed Awadh Bin-Nashwan , Abdulmalik Yusuf , Nura Alhaji Yaro

Global development has taken a new dimension with emphasis on addressing sustainable development in conjunction with economic growth and development. The prime consideration of this research work is geared towards exploring how well the current level of sustainability disclosure, corporate responsibility (tax), and economic growth in an emerging economy is positioned to help accomplish the UN’s 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) based on the latest version of the globally accepted GRI-2022 environmental disclosure standard. The model of this research work was constructed on the moderated association of economic growth amongst sustainability reporting, corporate tax, and sustainable development, taking cognizance of voluntary disclosure, contingency, and institutional theoretical frameworks. Based on a 15-year period of data spanning 2009–2023, the economy’s formal and informal sectors formed the dataset of this study with a total of 115,258,984 businesses. In our model, corporate responsibility (tax) and humanity (control variable) have also been introduced to know the extent of corporate and human influence on sustainable development. The study revealed a weak economic growth moderated effect for both sustainability disclosure and corporate tax on sustainable development. More so, that a vital, meaningful, and inconsequential connection subsists on sustainable development for corporate tax and sustainability reporting. Due to these weak affiliations, the study endorses sustainability education and mandatory environmental disclosure together with the reduction in corporate tax as a means of strengthening their influences on sustainable development.

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引用次数: 0

Sustaining rural water infrastructure in Mbala, Zambia: A modelling approach for community-based management

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100652

Babra Namwiinga Nkolola, Adrian Phiri

Enhancing the sustainability of rural water supply infrastructure is essential for improving socioeconomic conditions and fostering sustainable development in sub-Saharan Africa. This study employs a modelling approach to address critical gaps in the current understanding of the sustainability of rural water systems by investigating how community engagement, financial mechanisms, and technical interventions interact within Mbala, Zambia. Results demonstrate that community participation and not perception, significantly influences the functionality of water access points (WAPs), with community contributions predicting a sustainability probability of 0.63 (p = 0.0102), indicating a significantly positive effect on sustainability. Interestingly, contrary to conventional expectations that government involvement would play a significant role in sustaining WAPs, the modelling results reveal that it has no significant impact. In fact, government involvement is associated with the lowest predicted probability of sustainability (0.23, p-value > 0.5), a striking contrast to the strong positive effect of community contributions. These findings challenge the efficacy of top-down approaches, emphasizing the need for community-centered solutions. By bridging the gap between perception and actual contribution, this study offers novel insights that can inform sustainable rural water supply infrastructure management in Sub-Saharan Africa.

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引用次数: 0

Organisational-economic mechanism for increasing the innovative activity of carpet industry enterprises in the digitalisation of technological processes

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100654

Daulet Kanashayev , Altyn Yessirkepova , Parida Baineyeva , Aigul Alzhanova , Asylkhan Tursyn

At the moment, to ensure a sufficient level of competition in the carpet market, an important component is the introduction of the latest technologies, which means that finding approaches for this remains relevant. The purpose of the study was to describe possible approaches to improving the management mechanisms of such enterprises using innovative technologies in Kazakhstan. The main research methods were forecasting and modelling. The study period spans from 1990 to 2023. 2008–2009 was identified as the most challenging interval. A significant decrease in production occurred. Followed by a swift rise in productivity after 2009, culminating in peak levels in 2022, but has recently reduced the level of growth. When assessing the trends of foreign trade, it was concluded that the potential of opportunities in the country was not fully used, given the rather large volumes of imports and relatively small exports of products. The study also proposed approaches regarding introducing innovative technologies into the industry both within the framework of production processes and for e-commerce. A management model was proposed, which suggests a course of action in the context of improving certain components of the production of the functioning of the enterprise through the introduction of innovative products to ensure higher results of the introduction of innovative products. The study, among other things, provides recommendations for government authorities on which policy components should be implemented to increase the industry’s efficiency. The results obtained can be used by enterprises to develop their long-term development strategies and government representatives to develop policies in this area.

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引用次数: 0

Access or exclusion to land: An overview of evolving trends in cocoa landscapes in Ghana

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100651

Doreen Asumang-Yeboah, Joana Akua Serwa Ameyaw, Emmanuel Acheampong, Winston Adams Asante

This paper employs historical trends and perspectives of key cocoa sector actors to understand the evolving patterns of land access within Ghana’s cocoa landscapes. Primary data was collected through focus group discussions, questionnaires administered to cocoa farmers, and key informant interviews with farmers, cocoa extension agents and landowners on how access to land is evolving, and the responses of these actors to the dynamics around land access. We found that there is a shift from perceived long-term right-based access mechanisms such as customary law freehold (which includes gift and purchase) and usufructuary (use right for indigenes) to short-term structural and relational access mechanisms such as share contract arrangements (including sharecropping and land rental). Currently, both indigenes and migrants compete for these relational access mechanisms which were once predominantly associated with only migrant farmers. These shifting access dynamics have also led to modification of existing land access strategies, with landowners pursuing re-negotiation arrangements after a fixed term for farmers to retain access to their lands. The evolving access dynamics have triggered a range of responses, including existing migrant farmers’ resistance to renegotiated fixed terms to maintain land access, farmers refusal to rehabilitate old and moribund cocoa farms (as a means to secure their land under cocoa farming), and the emergence of unconventional practices such as sub-letting farms to other farmers and encroachment into forest reserves. Based on the findings of this study, we argue that current land access trends benefit landowners and new migrants over existing migrants, due to difficulties in complying with renegotiated terms, with a further risk of excluding vulnerable groups, such as relatively poor farmers, women and youth.

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引用次数: 0

Modern strategies for conceptualising and implementing state youth policy

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2024-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100653

Arailym Junussova , Aliya Ayapbekova , Bibigul Byulegenova , Karakat Nagymzhanova , Ryskeldy Aykenova

The purpose of this study was to identify ways to improve the effectiveness of state youth policy in the context of global challenges. The study showed a significant evolution in approaches to youth policy making between 2020 and 2024, characterised by a shift from a paternalistic model to one of active participation and partnership. An analysis of international practices revealed a trend toward more integrated, participatory, and technologically advanced strategies for working with young people. Successful practices are characterised by effective cross-sector collaboration, active involvement of young people in decision-making processes and extensive use of digital platforms. Using Kazakhstan as an example, the study identified the key problems in the implementation of youth policy, including insufficient engagement of young people in decision-making processes, mismatch between educational programmes and labour market requirements, and social inequality. The study used comparative analysis, legislative evaluation, and institutional review. Surveys and statistics assessed youth policy effectiveness in Kazakhstan, focusing on digitalisation and methodological development. The findings of the study showed the need for a comprehensive approach to improving the effectiveness of youth policy, including strengthening interagency collaboration, enhancing opportunities for active youth participation, developing digital platforms, and improving mechanisms to support youth entrepreneurship. A key element in improving effectiveness should be the development and implementation of a comprehensive system for assessing the effectiveness of youth policy, based on clear indicators and regular monitoring.

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引用次数: 0

Domestic violence (DV) and intimate partner violence (IPV): The institutional and NGOs intervention in Fiji

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100649

Mumtaz Alam

Fiji has much higher rates of domestic violence and intimate partner violence (IPV) than the rest of the world. This article focuses on Fiji interventions by formal institutions and non-profits working to end these types of violence. It delves into patriarchal views and conventional reconciliation procedures as cultural, societal, and economic elements that contribute to the high incidence of domestic violence. The study examines national action plans and legislative reforms put forth by the government, along with the vital role played by NGOs in offering advocacy and support services. Notable groups that take a holistic approach to ending gender-based violence include the Fiji Women’s Crisis Centre. There has been improvement in policymaking and support services, but there is still a long way to go before long-established cultural norms can be changed and laws can be effectively enforced. In order to combat domestic violence and intimate partner violence (IPV) in Fiji, the paper recommends a multi-sectoral strategy that includes the government, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and community members. The report calls for more stringent enforcement of current laws, more funding for education and preventative initiatives, and action to address the social and economic elements that contribute to the problem of violence against women and girls.

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引用次数: 0