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Livelihood strategies and NTFP utlisation among rural female-headed households in Limpopo Province, South Africa 南非林波波省农村女性户主家庭的生计战略和NTFP利用情况

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2026.100765

Lloyd J.S. Baiyegunhi , Linley Chiwona-Karltun

Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) play a crucial role in the livelihoods of female-headed households in rural South Africa, though level of utilisation varies. While research highlights their significance, few studies examine how local agro-ecological conditions shape income sources and trade-offs between agriculture and NTFP collection. This study draws on household survey data collected from 240 female-headed households in Limpopo Province. Using the sustainable livelihood framework, households were grouped into livelihood clusters based on NTFP income shares, and the determinants of NTFP utilisation were analyzed with a Multinomial Logit (MNL) regression model. Spearman’s rank correlation revealed a negative association between NTFP income and crop, livestock, and wage income but a positive association with social grants and remittances. One-way ANOVA indicated no significant differences in total income across livelihood clusters, suggesting that NTFPs primarily supplement rather than determine household income, with social grants and remittances buffering variations in utilisation. In contrast, crop and livestock income play a smaller role in these household livelihood strategies based on varying levels of NTFP utilisation. Overall, the findings affirm that NTFP collection remains a key livelihood strategy for female-headed households, complementing other income sources. Policies promoting sustainable forest management, capacity building, and improved market access should recognize and support NTFP collection to enhance rural livelihoods. Further research should examine non-income factors, including livelihood stability, resilience, and the long-term sustainability of NTFP-based livelihoods.

非木材林产品在南非农村女性户主家庭的生计中发挥着至关重要的作用，尽管利用水平各不相同。虽然研究强调了它们的重要性，但很少有研究考察当地农业生态条件如何影响收入来源以及农业与非热带植物保护计划收集之间的权衡。本研究利用了从林波波省240个女性户主家庭收集的住户调查数据。利用可持续生计框架，基于NTFP收入份额将家庭划分为生计集群，并使用多项Logit （MNL）回归模型分析NTFP利用的决定因素。Spearman的等级相关性揭示了NTFP收入与作物、牲畜和工资收入之间的负相关，但与社会补助和汇款呈正相关。单因素方差分析显示，不同生计集群的总收入没有显著差异，这表明国家非森林保护计划主要是补充而不是决定家庭收入，社会补助和汇款缓冲了使用情况的变化。相比之下，作物和牲畜收入在这些基于不同非热带植物保护计划利用水平的家庭生计战略中发挥的作用较小。总体而言，调查结果证实，收集NTFP仍然是女性户主家庭的一项关键生计战略，是对其他收入来源的补充。促进可持续森林管理、能力建设和改善市场准入的政策应承认并支持收集非森林保护植物，以改善农村生计。进一步的研究应检查非收入因素，包括生计稳定性、复原力和以ntfp为基础的生计的长期可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Economic fitness and energy justice transition in Africa: empirical evidence from political, environmental, and governance pathways 非洲的经济适应性和能源正义转型：来自政治、环境和治理途径的经验证据

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2026.100759

Abdulkadri Toyin Alabi

This study examines how economic fitness drives energy justice transition across 30 African countries between 2011 and 2020. Drawing on a balanced panel dataset and employing the Panel-Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) technique, the study first demonstrates a robust positive direct effect of economic fitness on a composite energy justice index capturing distributive, procedural, and restorative dimensions. Conditional pathways further revealed that political stability amplifies this effect in North and West Africa but dampens it where governance is fragmented, while environmental quality exhibits a complex, region-dependent moderation pattern. Mediation analyses reveal that government effectiveness serves as a critical channel through which structural economic capacity translates into equitable energy outcomes, particularly in contexts with stronger institutional frameworks. Regional heterogeneity tests further indicate that energy-importing countries reap greater justice dividends from complexity than exporters, highlighting the importance of domestic market dynamics. The asymmetric effects confirm that the impact of economic fitness intensifies at higher levels of energy justice performance, highlighting non-linear gains as countries progress along the transition curve. Robustness checks, using lagged variables, alternative estimators, and variable substitutions, consistently corroborate these findings. These results suggest that beyond capital and technology, structural economic diversification is foundational to Africa’s equitable energy future. The key policy implication is the need to integrate industrial upgrading into national energy strategies. African governments should promote economic complexity whilst ensuring an inclusive energy transition that leaves no one behind.

本研究考察了2011年至2020年间30个非洲国家的经济适应性如何推动能源正义转型。利用平衡面板数据集并采用面板校正标准误差（PCSE）技术，该研究首先证明了经济适应度对捕获分布、程序和恢复性维度的综合能源正义指数的强大的积极直接影响。条件路径进一步表明，在北非和西非，政治稳定放大了这一效应，但在治理分散的地区，这一效应受到抑制，而环境质量则表现出一种复杂的、依赖于地区的调节模式。调解分析表明，政府效率是结构性经济能力转化为公平能源结果的关键渠道，特别是在制度框架较强的背景下。区域异质性检验进一步表明，能源进口国比出口国从复杂性中获得更多的公平红利，突出了国内市场动态的重要性。不对称效应证实，能源公平绩效水平越高，经济适宜度的影响就越强，随着国家沿着过渡曲线发展，经济适宜度的收益呈非线性。鲁棒性检查，使用滞后变量，替代估计器和变量替换，一致地证实了这些发现。这些结果表明，除了资本和技术之外，结构性经济多样化是非洲能源公平未来的基础。关键的政策含义是需要将产业升级纳入国家能源战略。非洲各国政府应提高经济复杂性，同时确保包容性能源转型，不让任何一个人掉队。

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引用次数: 0

Basic Income and social cohesion: Exploring the effects of a BI pilot in informal settlements in Hyderabad 基本收入和社会凝聚力：探索商业智能试点在海德拉巴非正式住区的影响

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2026.100764

Diana Bashur , Vibhor Mathur

While Basic Income (BI) experiments have expanded globally, most evidence has focused on wellbeing, health, labour, and other individual-level indicators. Community-wide effects, such as social cohesion, remain relatively underexplored. This paper draws on mixed-methods research on a community-wide BI pilot implemented in informal settlements in Hyderabad. The pilot consisted of a cash payment and a ‘Plus’ in the form of relational support. We find significant positive effects on various social cohesion indicators, with participants reporting boosts in dignity, inclusive decision-making, trust, solidarity, cooperation and mutual support linked to the intervention. Our findings confirm the BI and wider cash transfer literature on the potential of unconditional and universal cash as a tool for strengthening social cohesion.

虽然基本收入（BI）实验已经在全球范围内扩展，但大多数证据都集中在福利、健康、劳动力和其他个人层面的指标上。整个社区的影响，如社会凝聚力，仍然没有得到充分的探索。本文借鉴了在海德拉巴非正式住区实施的社区BI试点的混合方法研究。该试点项目包括现金支付和关系支持形式的“Plus”。我们发现，干预对各种社会凝聚力指标产生了显著的积极影响，参与者报告说，干预提高了他们的尊严、包容性决策、信任、团结、合作和相互支持。我们的研究结果证实了BI和更广泛的现金转移文献关于无条件和普遍现金作为加强社会凝聚力工具的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Circular economy and gendered antagonism in the Global South: The Kambuta fish market in Kisumu, Kenya 循环经济和全球南方的性别对立：肯尼亚基苏木的Kambuta鱼市场

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2026.100762

Patrik Zapata , Jaan-Henrik Kain , María José Zapata Campos , Sebastian Carenzo , Michael Oloko , Silas Otieno , John Xavier Chweya

Global South waste pickers are key for a circular economy, while providing livelihoods and essential services. At Kambuta fish market in Kisumu, Kenya, poor women started to claim fish remains from the fish exporting industry and transform these into innovative products. The article answers three questions linked to inequalities and exploitation between fish factories, County/City, local middlemen and brokers, and informal fish workers (mostly women): How does this fish market function in terms of circular economy and zero waste? How did the Kambuta market come into being, including its innovative fish remains practices? How has this development affected the fish workers, their community, and Kambuta market as a site for innovative recycling? Methods include interviews, focus groups, site observations, video-voice and action-oriented activities. We show how benefits from innovations, typically made by poor women, are largely seized by others, typically men. Furthermore, corporate actors make these gains their own, as they realise that what they saw as waste gain value through grassroots innovations. There is a distributive conflict between men and women regarding who has the right to access, distribute and to profit from waste; a gendered dispute that intensified as the fish remains increased in value due to innovations by grassroots women.

全球南方拾荒者在提供生计和基本服务的同时，也是循环经济的关键。在肯尼亚基苏木（Kisumu）的Kambuta鱼市，贫穷的妇女开始索取鱼类出口行业的鱼残骸，并将其转化为创新产品。这篇文章回答了三个与渔业工厂、县/市、当地中间商和经纪人以及非正规渔业工人（主要是女性）之间的不平等和剥削有关的问题：这个渔业市场如何在循环经济和零浪费方面发挥作用？Kambuta市场是如何形成的，包括其创新的鱼遗骸实践？这种发展对渔业工人、他们的社区和作为创新回收场所的坎布塔市场有何影响？方法包括访谈、焦点小组、现场观察、视频和面向行动的活动。我们展示了创新的好处（通常是由贫穷的女性创造的）如何在很大程度上被其他人（通常是男性）攫取。此外，企业参与者将这些收益归自己所有，因为他们意识到，他们所看到的废物通过基层创新获得了价值。在谁有权获取、分配和从废物中获利的问题上，男女之间存在分配冲突；由于草根女性的创新，这种鱼的价值不断增加，性别争议愈演愈烈。

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引用次数: 0

Cultivating change: exploring the link between certification, dietary quality and women’s empowerment among coffee farmers in Rwanda 培育变革：探索卢旺达咖啡农认证、饮食质量和妇女赋权之间的联系

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100757

Sophia Bohn , Meike Wollni , Bruno Paz

Sustainability standards promise not only to promote environmentally friendly production, but also to improve farmers’ livelihoods by linking them to high-value markets. While there has been extensive research on how sustainability standards affect farmers’ incomes, much less attention has been paid to whether sustainability standards can help improve smallholders’ diets. In addition, the role of women’s empowerment as a potential pathway through which sustainability standards may affect nutrition has remained largely unexplored. Using cross-sectional survey data from 711 coffee farmers in Rwanda (283 non-certified and 428 certified under Rainforest Alliance, Fairtrade, Organic, or Café Practice), we assess the impact of certification on dietary quality and the potential mediating role of women’s empowerment. Dietary quality is measured using the Dietary Quality Questionnaire (DQQ), a standardized tool implemented globally in more than 50 countries. Women’s empowerment is captured through an aggregated empowerment score reflecting production and related capacity building, access to and decision-making over productive resources, control over income, and time allocation. Using inverse probability weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA), we find positive associations between certification and dietary quality outcomes. In addition, results of mediation analyses show that women’s empowerment mediates part of this relationship especially through women’s empowerment in agricultural production. Our findings suggest that enhancing women’s empowerment within certification schemes is not only an important goal in itself, but can also make a significant contribution to improving smallholders’ dietary quality outcomes.

可持续性标准不仅承诺促进环境友好型生产，还承诺通过将农民与高价值市场联系起来，改善他们的生计。虽然对可持续性标准如何影响农民收入进行了广泛的研究，但对可持续性标准是否有助于改善小农饮食的关注却少得多。此外，妇女赋权作为可持续性标准可能影响营养的潜在途径的作用在很大程度上仍未得到探索。利用来自卢旺达711名咖啡农的横断面调查数据（283名未经认证，428名通过雨林联盟、公平贸易、有机或咖啡实践认证），我们评估了认证对饮食质量的影响以及妇女赋权的潜在中介作用。膳食质量是通过膳食质量问卷（DQQ）来衡量的，这是一个在全球50多个国家实施的标准化工具。妇女赋权是通过综合赋权得分来衡量的，该得分反映了生产和相关能力建设、对生产资源的获取和决策、对收入的控制以及时间分配。使用逆概率加权回归调整（IPWRA），我们发现认证与饮食质量结果之间存在正相关。此外，中介分析结果表明，妇女赋权对这种关系起到了部分中介作用，特别是通过妇女在农业生产中的赋权。我们的研究结果表明，在认证计划中加强妇女赋权不仅本身是一个重要目标，而且可以为改善小农的饮食质量结果做出重大贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Role of cattle fattening in urban poverty reduction and livelihood improvement in Africa: Evidence from a Ghanaian city 养牛在非洲城市减贫和改善生计中的作用：来自加纳一个城市的证据

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2026.100758

Mohammed Awal Abubakari , Moses Naiim Fuseini , Ibrahim Abu Abdulai

Although interest in livestock production in and around West African cities has gained traction in recent years, the contribution of this widespread practice to poverty reduction has not been adequately researched. This study, therefore, responds to the limited literature on how cattle fattening in African cities contributes to poverty reduction, using empirical evidence from Wa in Ghana. A concurrent mixed-methods design was adopted, involving the use of questionnaires and key informant interview guides for data collection. Data obtained from 110 cattle holders and four purposively selected key informants were analysed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and thematic analysis. The findings show that urban cattle fattening in urban areas generates employment, increases household income, and facilitates the accumulation of productive assets. However, high feeding costs, lack of vaccination services, neighbour complaints, theft, and housing constraints limit its full potential. The study recommends investment in veterinary services, affordable feeding options, community engagement mechanisms, and training and extension services to enhance productivity. Furthermore, urban livestock policies should recognize cattle fattening as a viable pathway for livelihood improvement and poverty alleviation.

尽管近年来人们对西非城市及其周边地区的畜牧生产越来越感兴趣，但这一广泛做法对减贫的贡献尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究利用来自加纳Wa的经验证据，对有关非洲城市养牛如何有助于减贫的有限文献做出了回应。采用并行混合方法设计，包括使用问卷调查和关键信息提供者访谈指南进行数据收集。采用描述性统计、多元回归、Wilcoxon符号秩检验和专题分析对110名养牛户和4名有目的选择的关键举报人的数据进行分析。研究结果表明，城市地区的城市养牛创造了就业机会，增加了家庭收入，并促进了生产性资产的积累。然而，高昂的喂养费用、缺乏疫苗接种服务、邻居投诉、盗窃和住房限制限制了其充分发挥潜力。该研究建议投资于兽医服务、负担得起的喂养选择、社区参与机制以及培训和推广服务，以提高生产力。此外，城市畜牧业政策应承认养牛是改善生计和减轻贫困的可行途径。

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引用次数: 0

Climate, power, and structural reforms: the political economy of international financial institutions and climate-resilient development 气候、电力和结构改革：国际金融机构的政治经济学与气候适应型发展

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2026.100770

Giulia Ragosa , Julia Tomei , Yacob Mulugetta

As climate change intensifies into a macro-critical risk, embedding climate considerations at the core of macroeconomic planning has become indispensable for fostering both economic and climate resilience. This paper examines how international financial institutions – particularly the International Monetary Fund and multilateral development banks – are supporting Global South countries in this process through budget and balance-of-payments support programmes and related structural reforms. It addresses a key knowledge gap by shedding light on the real-world political economy dynamics that shape programme design and implementation, drawing on 64 policy documents and 12 interviews with stakeholders and leading experts.

The findings show that climate integration has advanced – via new climate-informed diagnostics and technical assistance – but remains uneven, often narrowly focused and not treated as a systemic macroeconomic concern. While these programmes create important entry points for climate-aligned reform, they frequently fall short of transformative change amid a complex interplay of domestic politics, institutional path dependencies and global geopolitics. At the country level, fragmented mandates, limited capacity, elite bargains and distributional conflicts constrain implementation – particularly in highly indebted countries where short-term stabilisation eclipses long-term transitions. Internationally, shareholder power, legacy institutional mandates, dominant ideas and lending competition shape the ambition and content of programmes, while deep structural constraints in the global economy limit their transformative potential. Advancing climate and economic resilience in the Global South therefore requires politically informed, context-sensitive approaches aligned with long-term structural transformation − combining deeper climate-informed diagnostics and reforms with serious attention to debt relief, fiscal space, domestic political incentives and political economy structures in the global financial system.

随着气候变化加剧成为一种宏观临界风险，将气候因素纳入宏观经济规划的核心已成为培养经济和气候适应能力不可或缺的因素。本文审查了国际金融机构- -特别是国际货币基金组织和多边开发银行- -如何通过预算和国际收支支持方案和有关的结构改革在这一进程中支持全球南方国家。它借鉴了64份政策文件和对利益攸关方和主要专家的12次访谈，通过揭示影响方案设计和实施的现实政治经济动态，解决了一个关键的知识鸿沟。研究结果表明，通过新的气候信息诊断和技术援助，气候一体化取得了进展，但仍然不平衡，往往聚焦范围狭窄，没有被视为一个系统性的宏观经济问题。虽然这些计划为气候相关改革创造了重要的切入点，但由于国内政治、制度路径依赖和全球地缘政治的复杂相互作用，它们往往无法实现变革性变革。在国家一级，分散的任务、有限的能力、精英讨价还价和分配冲突制约了执行——特别是在短期稳定盖过长期转型的高负债国家。在国际上，股东权力、遗留的机构授权、主导思想和贷款竞争决定了项目的雄心和内容，而全球经济的深层次结构性约束限制了它们的变革潜力。因此，提高全球南方国家的气候和经济抵御力需要采取符合长期结构转型的政治知情、对环境敏感的方法——将深入的气候知情诊断和改革与认真关注债务减免、财政空间、国内政治激励和全球金融体系中的政治经济结构相结合。

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引用次数: 0

Redistribution, income inequality, and conflict in developing countries: Is there any causality? 发展中国家的再分配、收入不平等和冲突：有因果关系吗？

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100739

Brandon Parsons , Ayoub Rabhi

Amid growing conflict in developing countries, this study investigates the effect of income redistribution on internal conflict across 93 developing countries. The study analyzes panel data from 1990 to 2021. The study explores whether absolute redistribution effectively reduces instances and risks of civil disorder, political violence, terrorism, and civil wars. Findings reveal that greater market income inequality is associated with heightened internal conflict, whereas enhanced income redistribution leads to diminished internal conflict levels. However, the study identifies a non-linear pattern where the benefits of redistribution decrease beyond certain thresholds, suggesting the potential of diminishing returns. Granger causality tests further indicate a bidirectional relationship between income redistribution and internal conflict, suggesting a potentially vicious circle where each variable exacerbates the other. The findings highlight the need for redistributive economic policies to foster societal peace in developing countries.

在发展中国家冲突日益加剧的背景下，本研究调查了93个发展中国家的收入再分配对内部冲突的影响。该研究分析了1990年至2021年的面板数据。该研究探讨了绝对再分配是否能有效地减少内乱、政治暴力、恐怖主义和内战的发生和风险。研究结果表明，更大的市场收入不平等与加剧的内部冲突有关，而加强的收入再分配导致内部冲突水平降低。然而，该研究确定了一种非线性模式，即再分配的收益超过一定阈值后会减少，这表明收益递减的可能性。格兰杰因果检验进一步表明，收入再分配与内部冲突之间存在双向关系，表明存在一个潜在的恶性循环，每个变量都会加剧另一个变量。研究结果强调，需要制定再分配经济政策，以促进发展中国家的社会和平。

引用次数: 0

Inheriting subsidies: Intergenerational correlation in Conditional Cash Transfers in Colombia 继承补贴：哥伦比亚有条件现金转移支付的代际相关性

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100744

Blanca Zuluaga, Karen Camilo

This paper aims to analyze the intergenerational dependence on Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) in Colombia, specifically focusing on the Más Familias en Acción (MFA) program. It addresses the endogeneity problem often associated with welfare dependency research, which complicates the understanding of whether children benefit from subsidies due to their parents’ prior participation or shared characteristics. By employing a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys, the study aims to establish causal relationships regarding the transmission of subsidy dependency across generations. Our findings from the quantitative estimations reveal a significant and causal correlation between parental and child participation in the MFA program, suggesting that having a parent who received the transfer increases the likelihood of the child receiving it as well. The qualitative findings enrich our understanding of intergenerational subsidy dependence by uncovering the interplay between structural constraints and cultural norms, which reveals that subsidy dependance is the result of a dynamic process shaped by limited economic opportunities, socialization within beneficiary families, and a perceived absence of state alternatives. This research highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms behind intergenerational subsidy dependence, emphasizing the need for anti-poverty programs to foster upward mobility rather than perpetuating welfare dependency. Our paper contributes to the literature by providing rigorous evidence on the implications of CCTs for family dynamics and policy design.

本文旨在分析哥伦比亚对有条件现金转移支付（cct）的代际依赖，特别关注Más familas en Acción （MFA）计划。它解决了通常与福利依赖研究相关的内生性问题，这使得理解儿童受益于补贴是由于父母事先参与还是共同特征变得复杂。本研究采用定性访谈和定量调查相结合的混合方法，旨在建立补贴依赖代际传递的因果关系。我们从定量估计中发现，父母和孩子参与MFA计划之间存在显著的因果关系，这表明接受转移的父母也增加了孩子接受转移的可能性。定性研究结果通过揭示结构约束和文化规范之间的相互作用，丰富了我们对代际补贴依赖的理解，这表明补贴依赖是一个动态过程的结果，由有限的经济机会、受益家庭内部的社会化和国家替代方案的感知缺失所塑造。这项研究强调了理解代际补贴依赖背后机制的重要性，强调了反贫困项目促进向上流动而不是使福利依赖永久化的必要性。我们的论文通过提供有条件现金转移支付对家庭动态和政策设计的影响的严格证据，为文献做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

“The children don’t want to listen, the fathers need to be ready”: Perceptions and belief systems connected to the restoration and preservation of a sacred forest in Benin “孩子不想听，父亲需要做好准备”：与恢复和保护贝宁圣林有关的观念和信仰体系

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100736

Julia Bello-Bravo , Peter Neuenschwander

The preservation of forests is critical for meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the sustainable use of land. Building on previous research, this study explores the interplay of local beliefs, cultural practices, and ecosystem services around a restored sacred forest in southern Benin. Utilizing Raymond Williams’ concept of structures of feeling, it investigates how local stakeholders’ beliefs and actions influence the forest’s restoration and maintenance. Findings include (1) a consensus that forests exist for human use despite differing perspectives on what constitutes appropriate use, (2) concerns about the ongoing loss of traditional knowledge and practices related to forest use, (3) challenges posed by modernizing perspectives that view traditional practices as backward, contrasting them with the cultural and spiritual values associated with the forest, and (4) beliefs about the forest’s role for human well-being. The study shows how structures of feeling can underpin successful negotiations and compromise support for the project’s continuing success and SDG goals around sustainable land use. Further research is needed to understand the intricate web of social, environmental, and economic structures of feeling around sacred forests, particularly aesthetic, spiritual, and social dimensions that address the erosion of indigenous knowledge and practices.

保护森林对于实现可持续发展目标和可持续利用土地至关重要。在以往研究的基础上，本研究探讨了贝宁南部恢复的神圣森林周围的当地信仰、文化习俗和生态系统服务之间的相互作用。利用雷蒙德·威廉姆斯的感觉结构概念，研究了当地利益相关者的信念和行为如何影响森林的恢复和维护。研究结果包括：(1)人们一致认为森林是为人类使用而存在的，尽管对什么是适当的利用有不同的看法；(2)对与森林利用有关的传统知识和做法正在丧失的担忧；(3)将传统做法与与森林相关的文化和精神价值进行对比的现代化观点所带来的挑战；(4)关于森林对人类福祉的作用的信念。该研究表明，情感结构如何支撑成功的谈判，并为项目的持续成功和可持续土地利用的可持续发展目标提供妥协支持。需要进一步的研究来了解围绕神圣森林的复杂的社会、环境和经济结构网络，特别是美学、精神和社会层面，以解决土著知识和实践的侵蚀。

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