This study evaluates the impact of the Partnership Against Child Exploitation (PACE) program in Ethiopia, an initiative aimed at reducing child labor and increasing school attendance in vulnerable communities. The program identified a child in a family, at risk or involved in worst forms of child labor. The program’s design incorporated support to income generating activities and savings systems at the family level, educational assistance at the child level, and community awareness campaigns.
We study the effectiveness of the PACE program employing a randomized controlled trial design with a large sample size and minimal attrition, enabling to causally assess the program’s impact on both schooling and work-related outcomes. We use multi-level modeling to account for the three levels of intervention (family, child and community)
Our study finds that the PACE program significantly increased school attendance among rural children directly targeted by the intervention. However, the program did not impact school attendance in urban areas or among siblings and other children in rural communities.
Additionally, while the program did not reduce the likelihood of child labor or the number of hours children spent working per day, it reduced the incidence of work outside the household for all children in supported families.
{"title":"Addressing child labor with layered interventions: a study of the PACE program’s impact on child’s schooling and work in Ethiopia","authors":"Cécile Fanton d’Andon , Laurent Lima , Catherine Pellenq , Pascal Bressoux","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the impact of the Partnership Against Child Exploitation (PACE) program in Ethiopia, an initiative aimed at reducing child labor and increasing school attendance in vulnerable communities. The program identified a child in a family, at risk or involved in worst forms of child labor. The program’s design incorporated support to income generating activities and savings systems at the family level, educational assistance at the child level, and community awareness campaigns.</div><div>We study the effectiveness of the PACE program employing a randomized controlled trial design with a large sample size and minimal attrition, enabling to causally assess the program’s impact on both schooling and work-related outcomes. We use multi-level modeling to account for the three levels of intervention (family, child and community)</div><div>Our study finds that the PACE program significantly increased school attendance among rural children directly targeted by the intervention. However, the program did not impact school attendance in urban areas or among siblings and other children in rural communities.</div><div>Additionally, while the program did not reduce the likelihood of child labor or the number of hours children spent working per day, it reduced the incidence of work outside the household for all children in supported families.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100754"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100753
Samuel B. Biitir , Michael Poku-Boansi , John T. Bugri
Rapid urbanisation in Ghana has increased the demand for serviced land and infrastructure, yet Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Assemblies (MMDAs) struggle to generate sufficient revenue. Land-based financing (LBF) instruments, such as property rates, developer obligations, and betterment charges, offer essential opportunities but are still underused. The study examined how institutional design and partisan politics influence the performance of LBF instruments in Ghana. Using 32 semi-structured interviews and policy document analysis across four MMDAs, the findings show that although the legal framework is promising in theory, actual implementation is hindered by election-year rate freezes, elite capture, outdated valuation rolls, and limited technical and enforcement capacity. While digitalisation and community participation offer opportunities for reform, their effects are uneven. The study contributes to existing knowledge by demonstrating how institutional design, when influenced by partisan politics, can transform potentially effective revenue tools into fragile practices, thereby enriching debates on fiscal federalism and the political economy of decentralisation.
{"title":"Institutional design and performance of land-based financing instruments: Evidence from local authorities in Ghana","authors":"Samuel B. Biitir , Michael Poku-Boansi , John T. Bugri","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid urbanisation in Ghana has increased the demand for serviced land and infrastructure, yet Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Assemblies (MMDAs) struggle to generate sufficient revenue. Land-based financing (LBF) instruments, such as property rates, developer obligations, and betterment charges, offer essential opportunities but are still underused. The study examined how institutional design and partisan politics influence the performance of LBF instruments in Ghana. Using 32 semi-structured interviews and policy document analysis across four MMDAs, the findings show that although the legal framework is promising in theory, actual implementation is hindered by election-year rate freezes, elite capture, outdated valuation rolls, and limited technical and enforcement capacity. While digitalisation and community participation offer opportunities for reform, their effects are uneven. The study contributes to existing knowledge by demonstrating how institutional design, when influenced by partisan politics, can transform potentially effective revenue tools into fragile practices, thereby enriching debates on fiscal federalism and the political economy of decentralisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100753"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100751
Adam M. Komarek , Arundhita Bhanjdeo , Murray Unkovich , Ritesh Pandey , Ashok Kumar , Girish Pradhan , Amulya Khandai , William D. Bellotti
The effective scaling out of livelihood improvement activities is crucial for agricultural development, yet achieving sustainable change at scale remains elusive in low-income countries. The objective of our study was to analyse the livelihoods of 1,001 agricultural households in three rural districts on the East India Plateau to inform the scaling out of livelihood strategies developed during previous participatory action research. Our descriptive analysis of cross-sectional data from a primary household survey in the year 2012–2013 examined the heterogeneity in livelihood assets (natural, human, social, physical, and financial capital) and household activities. We focused on two projects. In the same rural districts, the first project included a participatory action research process, and the second project collected data on agricultural household livelihoods. We showed large inter- and intra-district heterogeneity in assets, livelihood strategies, and women’s empowerment. Our study suggests that households with different assets tend to pursue different livelihood activities, such as intensifying and diversifying crop production using land and water resources documented in earlier participatory action research. These insights could inform the scaling out of livelihood improvement strategies that support stepping up. While stepping up offered potential pathways to improvements in livelihoods, these strategies had trade-offs, including increased exposure to weather variability. Our findings suggest that formative assessments of assets and livelihoods can help tailor participatory action research to specific communities.
{"title":"Assets and livelihood strategies of agricultural households on the East India Plateau","authors":"Adam M. Komarek , Arundhita Bhanjdeo , Murray Unkovich , Ritesh Pandey , Ashok Kumar , Girish Pradhan , Amulya Khandai , William D. Bellotti","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effective scaling out of livelihood improvement activities is crucial for agricultural development, yet achieving sustainable change at scale remains elusive in low-income countries. The objective of our study was to analyse the livelihoods of 1,001 agricultural households in three rural districts on the East India Plateau to inform the scaling out of livelihood strategies developed during previous participatory action research. Our descriptive analysis of cross-sectional data from a primary household survey in the year 2012–2013 examined the heterogeneity in livelihood assets (natural, human, social, physical, and financial capital) and household activities. We focused on two projects. In the same rural districts, the first project included a participatory action research process, and the second project collected data on agricultural household livelihoods. We showed large inter- and intra-district heterogeneity in assets, livelihood strategies, and women’s empowerment. Our study suggests that households with different assets tend to pursue different livelihood activities, such as intensifying and diversifying crop production using land and water resources documented in earlier participatory action research. These insights could inform the scaling out of livelihood improvement strategies that support stepping up. While stepping up offered potential pathways to improvements in livelihoods, these strategies had trade-offs, including increased exposure to weather variability. Our findings suggest that formative assessments of assets and livelihoods can help tailor participatory action research to specific communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change presents a significant challenge to the agricultural sector. It disrupts farming processes and reduces productivity, increasing uncertainty for farming households and driving them to seek alternative livelihoods. This research undertakes an examination of the impact of climate change, proxied by variation of rainfall and temperature, on labor mobility in Indonesia using longitudinal data from three successive rounds of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). Labor mobility refers to sectoral shifts, where a household head changes employment sectors, regardless of relocation. We employ an instrumental variable approach to ensure robust estimation by accounting for potential endogeneity of climate variables, using altitude and latitude as instruments. Our findings indicate that variation of rainfall and temperature affects labor mobility in Indonesia’s agricultural households. Specifically, a one percent increase in the coefficient of variation for rainfall and temperature significantly increases the probability of labor mobility by approximately 0.47 and 1.38 percentage point, respectively. We further demonstrate that the effect operates primarily through changes in farm production costs that influence labor mobility, especially under varying rainfall. The heterogeneity analysis indicates that impact of rainfall and temperature variability are more pronounced among farmers in Java, particularly those with higher education and smaller landholdings. Finally, this study highlights the causal link between climate change and labor mobility, emphasizing that improving agricultural efficiency is crucial to mitigating its adverse impacts. Building a cost-efficient and climate-resilient agricultural system requires combining precision agriculture, human capital development, and institutional coordination to enhance resilience and reduce labor mobility in agriculture.
{"title":"Climate change and labor mobility: A longitudinal study of agricultural households in Indonesia","authors":"Hastuti , Teguh Dartanto , Alin Halimatussadiah , Amzul Rifin","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change presents a significant challenge to the agricultural sector. It disrupts farming processes and reduces productivity, increasing uncertainty for farming households and driving them to seek alternative livelihoods. This research undertakes an examination of the impact of climate change, proxied by variation of rainfall and temperature, on labor mobility in Indonesia using longitudinal data from three successive rounds of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). Labor mobility refers to sectoral shifts, where a household head changes employment sectors, regardless of relocation. We employ an instrumental variable approach to ensure robust estimation by accounting for potential endogeneity of climate variables, using altitude and latitude as instruments. Our findings indicate that variation of rainfall and temperature affects labor mobility in Indonesia’s agricultural households. Specifically, a one percent increase in the coefficient of variation for rainfall and temperature significantly increases the probability of labor mobility by approximately 0.47 and 1.38 percentage point, respectively. We further demonstrate that the effect operates primarily through changes in farm production costs that influence labor mobility, especially under varying rainfall. The heterogeneity analysis indicates that impact of rainfall and temperature variability are more pronounced among farmers in Java, particularly those with higher education and smaller landholdings. Finally, this study highlights the causal link between climate change and labor mobility, emphasizing that improving agricultural efficiency is crucial to mitigating its adverse impacts. Building a cost-efficient and climate-resilient agricultural system requires combining precision agriculture, human capital development, and institutional coordination to enhance resilience and reduce labor mobility in agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to “The push and pull of rural-to-rural migration: Insights from Northwest Benin World Development Perspectives”. [40 (2025) 100730]","authors":"Solomon Geleta , David Natcher , Mohamed Nasser Baco , Derek Peak","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100741","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145747644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Floods pose a serious threat to human life, property, homes, agriculture, and other vital infrastructure. Recently, there has been a growing emphasis on resilience rather than vulnerability. Therefore, this study initially proposed an approach to develop a Community Resilience Index for Floods (CRIF). Resilience indicators were identified through a literature review and field surveys, and data were collected via a questionnaire administered to 333 purposively selected households in two flood-prone zones of Islampur upazila, Jamalpur district. All variables were weighted on a percentage scale from 0 to 1. The CRIF was created using primary data from a household survey, with percentage scores derived from household responses, and the average % score of experts’ opinions was then used to calculate the Resilience Factor Index (RFI) for each variable. The study found that the overall composite community resilience score indicates moderately high resilience in the Islampur Union across four dimensions. At the same time, all aspects were found to be unsatisfactory in the Noarpara Union. It also revealed that, among 17 resilience variables identified by respondents, lower age dependency, lower disability, employment status, income above the poverty line, housing proximity to riverside, pucca road network, knowledge, and early warning systems ranked highest in Islampur Union. Based on these findings, the study recommends improving the community’s socio-economic, physical, and institutional conditions by raising community awareness, strengthening structural and non-structural mitigation plans, and providing multiple income-generating activities to boost resilience to future floods. Consequently, the study’s findings, along with the identified community flood resilience indicators and CRIF framework, will help academics, policymakers, and planners assess resilience levels, enable better resource allocation and intervention prioritization, and support the goals of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030).
{"title":"Developing community resilience index for flood (CRIF): evidence from extreme flood-prone Jamalpur district of Bangladesh","authors":"Raihan Riaz , Saima Ikbal Safi , Zereen Saba , Imrul Kabir","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floods pose a serious threat to human life, property, homes, agriculture, and other vital infrastructure. Recently, there has been a growing emphasis on resilience rather than vulnerability. Therefore, this study initially proposed an approach to develop a Community Resilience Index for Floods (CRIF). Resilience indicators were identified through a literature review and field surveys, and data were collected via a questionnaire administered to 333 purposively selected households in two flood-prone zones of Islampur upazila, Jamalpur district. All variables were weighted on a percentage scale from 0 to 1. The CRIF was created using primary data from a household survey, with percentage scores derived from household responses, and the average % score of experts’ opinions was then used to calculate the Resilience Factor Index (RFI) for each variable. The study found that the overall composite community resilience score indicates moderately high resilience in the Islampur Union across four dimensions. At the same time, all aspects were found to be unsatisfactory in the Noarpara Union. It also revealed that, among 17 resilience variables identified by respondents, lower age dependency, lower disability, employment status, income above the poverty line, housing proximity to riverside, pucca road network, knowledge, and early warning systems ranked highest in Islampur Union. Based on these findings, the study recommends improving the community’s socio-economic, physical, and institutional conditions by raising community awareness, strengthening structural and non-structural mitigation plans, and providing multiple income-generating activities to boost resilience to future floods. Consequently, the study’s findings, along with the identified community flood resilience indicators and CRIF framework, will help academics, policymakers, and planners assess resilience levels, enable better resource allocation and intervention prioritization, and support the goals of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100749
Erin McGuire , Gina Rico-Mendez , Siobhan Rabsum , Penina Yumbya , David Ameyaw , Robert Jarman , Tara Steinmetz , Mwangi Thumbi , David Tschirley
{"title":"Corrigendum to ““Nothing for us without us”: localizing agricultural innovation systems – a case study from the feed the future innovation labs” [World Dev. Perspect. 40 (2025)100746]","authors":"Erin McGuire , Gina Rico-Mendez , Siobhan Rabsum , Penina Yumbya , David Ameyaw , Robert Jarman , Tara Steinmetz , Mwangi Thumbi , David Tschirley","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145747643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100738
Janelle Knox-Hayes , Surbhi Agarwal , Johan Arango-Quiroga , Nicholas Ashford , David Birge , Gabriella Carolini , Shekhar Chandra , Colleen Chiu-Shee , Jungwoo Chun , Daniela Coray , Nicholas de Monchaux , Sally Haslanger , Courtney Humphries , Eric Huntley , Caroline A Jones , Deni Lopez , Miho Mazeereuw , Leslie Norford , Prudence Robinson , Haley Schilling , Rose Winer-Chan
The Equitable Resilience Framework (ERF) strives to make planning for climate change more equitable, just, and effective, and to generate long-term economic, social, cultural, and environmental transformations. “Resilience” is a desirable stance of preparedness in the likely future of unpredictable climate and weather, constituting an explicitly different approach than top-down technocratic solutions (such as hardscaping or levee engineering). The ERF is developed as a methodological guide for resilience planning that combines a capabilities approach with enhanced tradeoff analysis and knowledge convergence to bring community, academic, industry and policy stakeholders together in generating and implementing resilient solutions. The ERF addresses the technocratic shortcomings that have historically guided resilience projects. By reconceptualizing the linkages between resilience and equity in communities the ERF gives researchers and practitioners better theoretical and practical tools for applying resilience to interconnected social systems across different timescales. The ERF aims to facilitate just solutions while empowering communities that are often overburdened by environmental injustice and climate change impacts.
{"title":"The Equitable Resilience Framework: An environmental justice strategy for community-led resilience planning","authors":"Janelle Knox-Hayes , Surbhi Agarwal , Johan Arango-Quiroga , Nicholas Ashford , David Birge , Gabriella Carolini , Shekhar Chandra , Colleen Chiu-Shee , Jungwoo Chun , Daniela Coray , Nicholas de Monchaux , Sally Haslanger , Courtney Humphries , Eric Huntley , Caroline A Jones , Deni Lopez , Miho Mazeereuw , Leslie Norford , Prudence Robinson , Haley Schilling , Rose Winer-Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Equitable Resilience Framework (ERF) strives to make planning for climate change more equitable, just, and effective, and to generate long-term economic, social, cultural, and environmental transformations. “Resilience” is a desirable stance of preparedness in the likely future of unpredictable climate and weather, constituting an explicitly different approach than top-down technocratic solutions (such as hardscaping or levee engineering). The ERF is developed as a methodological guide for resilience planning that combines a capabilities approach with enhanced tradeoff analysis and knowledge convergence to bring community, academic, industry and policy stakeholders together in generating and implementing resilient solutions. The ERF addresses the technocratic shortcomings that have historically guided resilience projects. By reconceptualizing the linkages between resilience and equity in communities the ERF gives researchers and practitioners better theoretical and practical tools for applying resilience to interconnected social systems across different timescales. The ERF aims to facilitate just solutions while empowering communities that are often overburdened by environmental injustice and climate change impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100746
Erin McGuire , Gina Rico-Mendez , Siobhan Rabsum , Penina Yumbya , David Ameyaw , Robert Jarman , Tara Steinmetz , Mwangi Thumbi , David Tschirley
This paper explores the challenges and opportunities associated with locally-led agricultural research for development (AR4D) within the framework of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)s Feed the Future Innovation Labs (FTFILs). The study gathers insights from both U.S.-based management entities and nationally based partners in low- and middle-income countries using a mixed-methods, case-study approach, which included surveys and focus groups as data collection methods. The findings highlight significant barriers, such as limited local research capacity, bureaucratic hurdles, and funding delays, which impede effective project implementation. The study also identifies critical opportunities for enhancing local leadership in AR4D through decentralized networks and improved collaboration between Global North funders and local stakeholders. Recommendations include increasing the flexibility of funding mechanisms, strengthening local research capacity, and promoting inclusive stakeholder engagement. The research underscores the importance of aligning agricultural innovation strategies with local contexts and systems to achieve sustainable development outcomes. This work contributes to ongoing debates on how to integrate national and regional expertise and leadership into global agricultural research and development agendas, ultimately supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
{"title":"“Nothing for US without Us”: localizing agricultural innovation systems − a case study from the feed the future innovation labs","authors":"Erin McGuire , Gina Rico-Mendez , Siobhan Rabsum , Penina Yumbya , David Ameyaw , Robert Jarman , Tara Steinmetz , Mwangi Thumbi , David Tschirley","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the challenges and opportunities associated with locally-led agricultural research for development (AR4D) within the framework of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)s Feed the Future Innovation Labs (FTFILs). The study gathers insights from both U.S.-based management entities and nationally based partners in low- and middle-income countries using a mixed-methods, case-study approach, which included surveys and focus groups as data collection methods. The findings highlight significant barriers, such as limited local research capacity, bureaucratic hurdles, and funding delays, which impede effective project implementation. The study also identifies critical opportunities for enhancing local leadership in AR4D through decentralized networks and improved collaboration between Global North funders and local stakeholders. Recommendations include increasing the flexibility of funding mechanisms, strengthening local research capacity, and promoting inclusive stakeholder engagement. The research underscores the importance of aligning agricultural innovation strategies with local contexts and systems to achieve sustainable development outcomes. This work contributes to ongoing debates on how to integrate national and regional expertise and leadership into global agricultural research and development agendas, ultimately supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145417685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100748
Suci Nurmaya Tangkudung , Rus’an Nasrudin
Food assistance programs are widely implemented by governments worldwide to reduce food insecurity. Each country designs its own policies and mechanisms for delivering food aid to citizens. In Indonesia, the food assistance program, known as BPNT, provides beneficiaries with a card loaded with a uniform monetary value, which can be exchanged for specific food items. However, as an archipelagic country with diverse regional food prices and consumption patterns, beneficiaries face disparities in the purchasing power of this assistance across different areas. These disparities lead to variations in the program’s real value and thus its effectiveness across regions. This study estimates the variation in BPNT’s purchasing power across regencies and municipalities in Indonesia to assess the relative impact of the program on food insecurity in regions with high and low food prices. Using a panel data fixed effects (FE) approach, we examine the relationship between the local purchasing power of the BPNT program and household food insecurity levels. In addition to identifying heterogeneous impacts of the program across regions, our analysis provides a simple cost-effectiveness illustration to inform the fiscal implications of improving food security in lagging areas. Our findings challenge the current uniform-value scheme, suggesting that a regionally adjusted approach would be more effective. Increasing the purchasing power of beneficiaries in high-cost regions significantly contributes to reducing regional disparities in household food security.
{"title":"The purchasing power of Non-cash food Program and household food security in Indonesia","authors":"Suci Nurmaya Tangkudung , Rus’an Nasrudin","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food assistance programs are widely implemented by governments worldwide to reduce food insecurity. Each country designs its own policies and mechanisms for delivering food aid to citizens. In Indonesia, the food assistance program, known as BPNT, provides beneficiaries with a card loaded with a uniform monetary value, which can be exchanged for specific food items. However, as an archipelagic country with diverse regional food prices and consumption patterns, beneficiaries face disparities in the purchasing power of this assistance across different areas. These disparities lead to variations in the program’s real value and thus its effectiveness across regions. This study estimates the variation in BPNT’s purchasing power across regencies and municipalities in Indonesia to assess the relative impact of the program on food insecurity in regions with high and low food prices. Using a panel data fixed effects (FE) approach, we examine the relationship between the local purchasing power of the BPNT program and household food insecurity levels. In addition to identifying heterogeneous impacts of the program across regions, our analysis provides a simple cost-effectiveness illustration to inform the fiscal implications of improving food security in lagging areas. Our findings challenge the current uniform-value scheme, suggesting that a regionally adjusted approach would be more effective. Increasing the purchasing power of beneficiaries in high-cost regions significantly contributes to reducing regional disparities in household food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145417686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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