World Development Perspectives最新文献_第10页

Managing two locations: Relocation, resettlement and negotiated immobility of climate-displaced communities in Zimbabwe 管理两个地点：津巴布韦气候流离失所社区的重新安置、重新安置和协商不流动

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100676

Tomy Ncube , Una Murray

Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are often forgotten, with their views rarely sought or considered in discussions and decisions that directly impact their lives. This study adopts a mixed method approach to document lived experiences of IDPs in Zimbabwe. Using a case study methodology, and combining qualitative and quantitative methods, we contribute to the understanding of the socio-economic, cultural and institutional dynamics that shape the lives of Cyclone survivors in Tshino and Sawudweni villages-Tsholotsho, with findings offering insights into the challenges and resilience strategies of IDPs. Data was collected from sixty-seven household heads and six key informants; and thematically analysed. We find that there are gaps in achieving durable solutions for those relocated by the Government of Zimbabwe. These gaps are evidenced in the lack of sustainable livelihoods, restricted access to land use, and limited access to basic services and amenities associated with displacement. Our results demonstrate that the difficulties in securing long-term solutions arise from the lack of specific policies addressing the management of displacements and relocations. In response to post-relocation gaps, households demonstrate agency through managing two locations: their original marooned homes from 2017 where they keep their livestock and grow their crops, and the government relocated houses. Contrary to literature that paints immobility as ‘helpless’, our study challenges the notion of immobility as being ‘trapped’, instead presenting (im)mobility as an act of agency. Our findings present the underrepresented perspectives of IDPs in Zimbabwe, providing insights to inform both policy and practice in displacement contexts, noting the importance of promoting strategies to enhance livelihoods; and the need for participatory approaches and civic infrastructure to ensure accountability to affected populations. Implementing sector-specific policies for planned relocations and climate-induced displacement would benefit from prioritising livelihood or livelihood diversification approaches to help IDPs cope and thrive in their new circumstances.

国内流离失所者往往被遗忘，在直接影响其生活的讨论和决定中很少征求或考虑他们的意见。本研究采用混合方法来记录津巴布韦境内流离失所者的生活经历。通过案例研究方法，结合定性和定量方法，我们有助于了解影响Tshino和Sawudweni村- tsholotsho飓风幸存者生活的社会经济、文化和制度动态，并为国内流离失所者面临的挑战和恢复力战略提供见解。从67名户主和6名关键举报人那里收集了数据；并进行了主题分析。我们发现，在为被津巴布韦政府重新安置的人实现持久解决办法方面存在差距。这些差距体现在缺乏可持续生计、土地使用受限以及与流离失所相关的基本服务和便利设施受限等方面。我们的研究结果表明，确保长期解决方案的困难源于缺乏解决流离失所和重新安置管理的具体政策。为了应对搬迁后的缺口，家庭通过管理两个地点来展示自己的能动性：他们从2017年开始被困在家中，在那里饲养牲畜和种植作物，以及政府搬迁的房屋。与将不动描绘为“无助”的文献相反，我们的研究挑战了不动被“困住”的概念，而不是将不动呈现为一种代理行为。我们的研究结果展示了津巴布韦国内流离失所者未被充分代表的观点，为流离失所背景下的政策和实践提供了见解，并指出了促进改善生计战略的重要性；需要参与性方法和公民基础设施，以确保对受影响人口问责。实施针对计划搬迁和气候导致的流离失所的具体部门政策将受益于优先考虑生计或生计多样化方法，以帮助国内流离失所者在新环境中应对和发展。

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引用次数: 0

Optimisation of international financial institutions: A comparative analysis of Ukraine and South Korea’s roles in enhancing global economic stability 国际金融机构的优化：乌克兰和韩国在促进全球经济稳定中的作用比较分析

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100674

Eunkyung Yi , Bongchul Kim , Mehmet Fatih Oztarsu , Yevheniia Khaustova , Hanna Yatsenko

The study aims to analyse ways to optimise the activities of international financial institutions to increase their efficiency and impact on the stability of the global economy. The study analysed the main aspects of increasing transparency, strengthening cooperation with national governments and improving crisis management mechanisms. The research methodology included a detailed analysis of official reports from the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the Bank for International Settlements, as well as statistics from the governments of South Korea and Ukraine. The study examined the reports of international organisations and official government documents, which allowed for a comprehensive approach to the study of the activities of international financial institutions. The main aspects of optimising the activities of international financial institutions in the form of increased transparency, strengthening cooperation with national governments, institutional reforms and improving crisis management mechanisms were analysed. An analysis of South Korean and Ukrainian cooperation with international financial institutions was carried out to demonstrate the differences in the use of international financial support for the stabilisation and development of their economies. While South Korea was able to successfully overcome the consequences of the Asian financial crisis thanks to the support of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, Ukraine is constantly facing challenges that require effective use of international support. The importance of supporting small and medium-sized enterprises as a crucial element for ensuring economic growth and social stability was stressed. The study shows that optimising the activities of international financial institutions can significantly increase their efficiency, contribute to global economic stability, mitigate the effects of the economic crisis and promote sustainable development.

该研究旨在分析优化国际金融机构活动的方法，以提高其效率和对全球经济稳定的影响。该研究分析了增加透明度、加强与各国政府的合作以及改善危机管理机制的主要方面。研究方法包括对国际货币基金组织（imf）、世界银行（World Bank）和国际清算银行（Bank for International Settlements）官方报告的详细分析，以及韩国和乌克兰政府的统计数据。这项研究审查了国际组织的报告和政府的正式文件，从而对研究国际金融机构的活动采取了全面的办法。分析了以提高透明度、加强与各国政府的合作、机构改革和改善危机管理机制的形式优化国际金融机构活动的主要方面。对韩国和乌克兰与国际金融机构的合作进行了分析，以显示在利用国际金融支持稳定和发展其经济方面的差异。韩国在国际货币基金组织（imf）和世界银行（World Bank）的帮助下成功克服了亚洲金融危机的后果，而乌克兰则不断面临着需要有效利用国际援助的挑战。与会者强调了支持中小型企业作为确保经济增长和社会稳定的关键因素的重要性。研究表明，优化国际金融机构的活动可以显著提高其效率，有助于全球经济稳定，减轻经济危机的影响，促进可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

What factors are inducing or impeding the adoption of agricultural mechanization? Revisiting farm scale, overhead capital and spatial divergence 哪些因素在诱导或阻碍农业机械化的采用？重新审视农场规模、间接资本和空间差异

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100671

Yared Deribe Tefera , Bisrat G. Awoke , Thomas Daum

Agricultural mechanization plays a key role in agricultural development and enhancing rural livelihoods, but adoption remains limited in much of Sub-Saharan Africa. This study analyses the farm power transition and inducing factors across diverse production systems. Our investigation differently explicates the mechanization index (proportion of activities mechanized) inclusive of the available technologies extending beyond the dichotomous adoption choices. It further examines adoption and mechanization intensity of the relatively most applied engine-powered individual mechanization practices. Devising a multistage sampling technique, the analysis relies on a cross-sectional survey and data from 818 households in Oromia, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples (SNNP), Amhara, and Tigray regions in Ethiopia. We applied a two-part fractional response and double hurdle models to determine factors ascribed to the adoption decision (farm power transition) and mechanization intensity. The functional forms of adoption of the bundle and individual machinery inputs are robust to various specification tests. The parameter estimates disclose that household labor, farm scale, and livestock assets have a positive association with adoption. Restricted access to overhead and institutional capital is impeding the adoption of mechanization. To make mechanization more inclusive, the study underscores the need for leveraging the farm power transition through the reinforcement of the spread of alternative hiring services, rural infrastructures, and demand-based land pooling schemes.

农业机械化在农业发展和改善农村生计方面发挥着关键作用，但在撒哈拉以南非洲的大部分地区，农业机械化的采用仍然有限。本研究分析了不同生产系统下的农场权力转移及其诱导因素。我们的调查以不同的方式解释了机械化指数（机械化活动的比例），包括超出二分采用选择的可用技术。它进一步考察了相对应用最多的发动机驱动的个人机械化做法的采用和机械化强度。设计了一种多阶段抽样技术，分析依赖于横断面调查和来自埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚、南部民族和民族（SNNP）、阿姆哈拉和提格雷地区818户家庭的数据。我们采用两部分分数响应和双障碍模型来确定归因于采用决策（农场权力转移）和机械化强度的因素。采用集束和单个机械输入的功能形式对各种规格测试都是可靠的。参数估计表明，家庭劳动力、农场规模和牲畜资产与收养呈正相关。有限的间接资本和机构资本阻碍了机械化的采用。为了使机械化更具包容性，该研究强调，需要通过加强替代就业服务、农村基础设施和基于需求的土地集中计划的传播，利用农业权力转移。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding livelihood strategies and coping mechanisms adopted during COVID-19: A study on Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh 了解2019冠状病毒病期间采取的生计战略和应对机制：孟加拉国罗兴亚难民研究

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100672

Minakshi Keeni

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has disrupted the lives of people worldwide, severely impacting marginalized communities. Among marginalized communities, Rohingya refugees face numerous challenges, including limited access to education, healthcare, and livelihood opportunities. Therefore, this study seeks to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the various livelihood choices pursued by Rohingya refugees and the related coping mechanisms adopted. Additionally, the study also looks into the effectiveness of the various types of aid provided to the refugees. This study draws on quantitative data collected through face-to-face interviews conducted in September 2022. Using a cross-sectional dataset covering 339 households from Rohingya refugee camps in Bangladesh, we performed a regression analysis to find out the adoption of coping mechanisms based on livelihood choices. Results revealed that refugees who were self-employed were the most impacted by the pandemic, additionally, a rise in the shift of livelihoods of refugees from employment to self-employment during the pandemic was also recorded. Regarding the coping mechanisms adopted by the self-employed, the most popular coping mechanisms were the sale of breeding animals and the withdrawal of children from school. Additionally, the majority of self-employed refugees prioritized the change or recovery of their livelihoods. Hence, it is recommended that aid agencies and the host government provide additional non-monetary assistance to Rohingya refugees who have recently shifted their livelihood activities from employed to self-employed.

冠状病毒病（COVID-19）扰乱了全世界人民的生活，严重影响了边缘化社区。在边缘化社区，罗兴亚难民面临许多挑战，包括获得教育、医疗保健和谋生机会的机会有限。因此，本研究旨在了解COVID-19大流行对罗兴亚难民所追求的各种生计选择的影响以及所采取的相关应对机制。此外，该研究还调查了向难民提供的各种援助的有效性。本研究采用了2022年9月通过面对面访谈收集的定量数据。利用涵盖孟加拉国罗兴亚难民营339户家庭的横截面数据集，我们进行了回归分析，以找出基于生计选择的应对机制的采用情况。结果显示，自雇难民受疫情影响最大，此外，疫情期间难民从就业转为自雇的情况也有所增加。就个体经营者采取的应对机制而言，最常见的应对机制是出售养殖动物和让子女退学。此外，大多数自雇难民优先考虑改变或恢复生计。因此，建议援助机构和东道国政府向最近将生计活动从受雇转为自雇的罗兴亚难民提供额外的非货币援助。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Financing the basic income support in South Africa under fiscal constraints” [World Dev. Perspect. 37 (2025) 100657] “财政拮据下南非基本收入支持融资”的勘误表[世界发展展望，37 (2025)100657]

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100669

Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu , Martin Henseler , Helene Maisonnave , Ramos E. Mabugu

引用次数: 0

Modern agrotechnology, women’s empowerment and poverty reduction nexus: Mediation of farm performance; empirical evidence on BAU-STR dryer 现代农业技术、妇女赋权与减贫的关系：农场绩效的中介作用；BAU-STR 干燥机的经验证据

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100673

Lavlu Mozumdar , Samantha Lindgren , Nazia Nishat

Modern agrotechnology can play a crucial role in fostering growth and development in developing countries, where smallholder farmers face persistent poverty, and female farmers often occupy a disadvantaged societal position with limited access to such technology. This study explores the impacts of modern agrotechnology—particularly the BAU-STR dryer—on farm performance, women’s empowerment and poverty reduction. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to validate the research model, using data collected from 176 Bangladeshi smallholder female farmers through face-to-face interviews based on a structured interview schedule. The empirical results from the SEM analysis reveal that (i) modern agrotechnology’s use, specifically the BAU-STR dryer, significantly and positively impacts farm performance, but it is not statistically directly related to women’s empowerment and poverty reduction; (ii) farm performance significantly positively influences both women’s empowerment and poverty reduction; (iii) women’s empowerment has a direct and positive effect on poverty reduction; (iv) farm performance mediates the impact of modern agrotechnology on women’s empowerment and poverty reduction. Policies should focus on encouraging and enabling female farmers to access modern agrotechnology, such as BAU-STR dryers. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the importance of modern agrotechnology and its interconnected impacts on farm performance, women’s empowerment and poverty reduction in developing countries.

现代农业技术可以在促进发展中国家的增长和发展方面发挥关键作用。在发展中国家，小农长期面临贫困，而女性农民往往处于不利的社会地位，获得这种技术的机会有限。本研究探讨了现代农业技术——特别是bauu - str干燥机——对农场绩效、妇女赋权和减贫的影响。采用结构方程模型（SEM），通过基于结构化访谈时间表的面对面访谈收集了176名孟加拉国小农女性农民的数据，对研究模型进行了验证。SEM分析的实证结果显示：(i)现代农业技术的使用，特别是bauu - str干燥机，显著和积极影响农场绩效，但它与妇女赋权和减贫没有统计上的直接关系；㈡农场业绩对增强妇女权能和减少贫穷都有显著的积极影响；赋予妇女权力对减贫具有直接和积极的影响；农场绩效调节现代农业技术对赋予妇女权力和减少贫穷的影响。政策应侧重于鼓励和使女性农民能够获得现代农业技术，如bauu - str干燥机。本研究通过强调现代农业技术的重要性及其对发展中国家农业绩效、妇女赋权和减贫的相互影响，为文献做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Financial inclusion and institutional quality: Catalysts for economic growth in Asia-Pacific countries 金融普惠与制度质量：亚太国家经济增长的催化剂

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100670

Dananjani Basnayake , Athula Naranpanawa , Saroja Selvanathan , Jayatilleke S. Bandara

With 24% of unbanked people living in developing countries, policymakers nowadays pay attention to enhancing financial inclusion in poor segments of those countries. Advancing financial inclusion is a crucial challenge but holds prominence, given the minimal use of formal finance in Asia–Pacific countries. Moreover, institutions are pivotal in driving both financial and economic development. However, the effect of institutional quality on the financial sector has recently become a debatable topic with inconsistent empirical evidence. This paper examines the impact of financial inclusion on economic growth and how institutional quality affects the nexus between financial inclusion and economic growth in 37 Asia–Pacific countries from 2004 to 2021. The financial inclusion index and the institutional quality index are constructed using principal component analysis. Fixed-effect regression is used to find the effect of financial inclusion on economic growth and the impact of institutional quality on the nexus between financial inclusion and economic growth. The paper further examines the robustness of baseline results by adding more control variables, employing the system generalised method of moment, two-stage least square method, and panel quantile regression. The study findings show that the Asia–Pacific countries with inclusive finance promote economic growth, which is more pronounced with strong institutional quality contributing to the Theory of Finance and Growth and Institutional Theory. This study contributes to the new empirical evidence that financial inclusion improves economic growth in the Asia–Pacific countries while it is stronger with the presence of institutional quality.

由于24%的无银行账户人口生活在发展中国家，政策制定者现在重视加强这些国家贫困阶层的金融包容性。推进普惠金融是一项至关重要的挑战，但鉴于亚太国家对正规金融的使用很少，这一挑战具有重要意义。此外，制度是推动金融和经济发展的关键。然而，制度质量对金融部门的影响最近成为一个有争议的话题，经验证据不一致。本文考察了2004年至2021年间37个亚太国家普惠金融对经济增长的影响，以及制度质量如何影响普惠金融与经济增长之间的关系。利用主成分分析法构建了普惠金融指数和制度质量指数。利用固定效应回归分析了普惠金融对经济增长的影响，以及制度质量对普惠金融与经济增长关系的影响。本文通过增加更多的控制变量，采用系统广义矩法、两阶段最小二乘法和面板分位数回归，进一步检验了基线结果的稳健性。研究结果表明，拥有普惠金融的亚太国家对经济增长的促进作用更为明显，其制度质量较强，有助于金融与增长理论和制度理论的研究。本研究提供了新的实证证据，证明普惠金融促进了亚太国家的经济增长，而普惠金融在制度质量存在的情况下更为强劲。

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引用次数: 0

Camel leasing as a resilience-building practice: Insights from Somali pastoralist households and dairy farms 骆驼租赁作为一种恢复力建设实践：来自索马里牧民家庭和奶牛场的见解

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100668

Emily Decker , Rebecca M. Flueckiger , Micah Frumkin , Rebecca H. Jeudin , Christelle Celestin , Abdul Kareem Osman Essa , Ezgi E. Yilmaz

Following severe drought in Somalia in 2016 and 2017, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Somalia Growth, Enterprise, Employment and Livelihoods (GEEL) project encouraged camel leasing as a mutually beneficial practice between camel-herding pastoralists and camel milk dairies to build resilience to shocks. Camel leasing describes a formal agreement in which dairies lease lactating camels from pastoralists in exchange for monthly payment and care for the camel. The benefits of livestock leasing have not yet been explored in existing literature. We examine the case of camel leasing as a market-based resilience-building practice in the Woqooyi Galbeed region of Somaliland using a longitudinal mixed-methods approach. Our study finds that within the sample, leasing pastoralists were better able to save money, invest in assets, and send children to school compared to non-leasing pastoralists. Leasing dairies used leasing as a business strategy to increase milk production, raise profits, and invest in more assets. These economic gains were associated with contributions to community resilience, including new job opportunities and investment in communal assets. Leasing also had implications for Somali women and girls, associated with higher girls’ school enrollment rates, greater control over household income, and the creation of women’s savings and loan associations. However, leasing has negatively impacted female milk market traders who have been pushed out of the market due to greater competition from dairies. This study highlights the experiences of Somali camel-herding communities, presents the first data on livestock leasing for resilience, and provides learnings for future resilience-building innovations.

在2016年和2017年索马里发生严重干旱之后，美国国际开发署（USAID）的索马里增长、企业、就业和生计（GEEL）项目鼓励将骆驼租赁作为放牧骆驼的牧民和骆驼奶牛场之间的一种互利做法，以增强抵御冲击的能力。骆驼租赁指的是一种正式协议，奶牛场从牧民手中租赁哺乳期骆驼，以换取每月的付款和对骆驼的照顾。在现有文献中尚未探讨牲畜租赁的好处。我们使用纵向混合方法研究了索马里兰Woqooyi Galbeed地区骆驼租赁作为一种基于市场的复原力建设实践的案例。我们的研究发现，在样本中，与非租赁牧民相比，租赁牧民更能省钱、投资资产和送孩子上学。租赁奶牛场将租赁作为一种商业策略来增加牛奶产量，提高利润，并投资更多的资产。这些经济收益与对社区恢复力的贡献有关，包括新的就业机会和对公共资产的投资。租赁对索马里妇女和女童也有影响，与较高的女童入学率、对家庭收入的更大控制权以及建立妇女储蓄和贷款协会有关。然而，租赁对女性牛奶市场贸易商产生了负面影响，由于来自奶牛场的竞争加剧，她们被挤出了市场。本研究重点介绍了索马里骆驼放牧社区的经验，提供了首个关于牲畜租赁增强抗灾能力的数据，并为未来抗灾能力建设创新提供了借鉴。

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引用次数: 0

Political stability versus food self-sufficiency policy in arid countries: Evidence from the Persian Gulf 干旱国家的政治稳定与粮食自给政策：来自波斯湾的证据

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100667

Alireza Alipour, Mohammad Sadegh Ebrahimi, Nafiseh Ghodrati, Zahra Ghodrati Shatoori

This study aims to survey the effect of increasing political stability on avoiding the policy of food self-sufficiency in arid countries. For this purpose, the wheat self-sufficiency data of the Persian Gulf countries for the period of 2010–2021 were used. In the analysis, the wheat self-sufficiency index was considered a function of influential factors, including the political stability of the countries. Then, panel quantile regression and econometric tests were performed. The results show that each 1% increase in political stability leads, on average, to an approximately 8% decrease in self-sufficiency in wheat supply in the Gulf countries. However, this impact varies across countries; in such a way that increasing political stability in more politically stable countries has a greater effect on avoiding wheat self-sufficiency. The results also show that each 1% increase in GDP and biological capacity increases wheat self-sufficiency by an average of about 3% and 12%, respectively. These increases have a greater impact on supporting wheat self-sufficiency in more politically stable Gulf countries compared to less politically stable countries. Therefore, it was concluded that increased political stability would lead to more rational choices for arid countries in food supply management. Finally, it was emphasized using the commercial capacity of the Persian Gulf region to become the food hub of the world and avoiding regional tensions for cheaper and more reliable food trade and more stable food security.

本研究旨在调查增加政治稳定对避免干旱国家粮食自给自足政策的影响。为此，我们使用了波斯湾国家2010-2021年小麦自给率数据。在分析中，小麦自给指数被认为是影响因素的函数，包括国家的政治稳定。然后进行面板分位数回归和计量经济学检验。结果表明，政治稳定性每提高1%，海湾国家的小麦供应自给率平均就会下降约8%。然而，这种影响因国家而异；通过这种方式，在政治更稳定的国家，增加政治稳定对避免小麦自给自足有更大的影响。结果还表明，GDP和生物容量每增加1%，小麦自给率平均分别增加约3%和12%。与政治不太稳定的国家相比，这些增长对支持政治较稳定的海湾国家小麦自给自足的影响更大。因此，得出的结论是，政治稳定的增加将使干旱国家在粮食供应管理方面作出更合理的选择。最后，强调利用波斯湾地区的商业能力成为世界粮食中心，避免地区紧张局势，以实现更便宜、更可靠的粮食贸易和更稳定的粮食安全。

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引用次数: 0

Ethics and Equity: Addressing Violations of the Belmont Report principles for research staff 道德与公平：解决研究人员违反贝尔蒙特报告原则的问题

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100662

Jana Kuhnt , Lennart Kaplan , Ana Garcia-Hernandez , Julia Leininger , Janina I. Steinert

Particularly in development research, data is often collected in settings characterised by high deprivation, risk and power asymmetries, which aggravates working conditions of research staff. This perspectives article introduces a novel conceptual framework that identifies ethical challenges, failures and potential solutions. It is based on an analysis of 57 semi-structured interviews with research staff across hierarchies, world regions, gender and institutions. We find that the research environments in the ‘Global South’ often pose particular challenges to research staff and if not addressed can be harmful in terms of insecurity, sexual harassment, emotional distress, exploitative employment conditions and discrimination. Addressing ethical failures in research requires change across different levels, with a particular focus on alleviating structural asymmetries as a key driver of ethical challenges. Our findings provide a toolkit to (i) ensure the wellbeing of research staff, (ii) improve the ethical integrity of empirical research, and (iii) increase the rigour of data.

特别是在发展研究中，数据往往是在高度剥夺、风险和权力不对称的环境中收集的，这使研究人员的工作条件恶化。这篇展望文章介绍了一个新的概念框架，识别道德挑战，失败和潜在的解决方案。该报告基于对57个半结构化访谈的分析，这些访谈涉及不同层级、世界地区、性别和机构的研究人员。我们发现，“全球南方”的研究环境经常给研究人员带来特殊的挑战，如果不加以解决，可能会在不安全、性骚扰、情绪困扰、剥削性就业条件和歧视方面造成伤害。解决研究中的伦理失败需要在不同层面上进行改变，特别关注减轻结构不对称，这是伦理挑战的关键驱动因素。我们的研究结果提供了一个工具包来(i)确保研究人员的福祉，（ii）提高实证研究的道德完整性，以及（iii）提高数据的严谨性。

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引用次数: 0