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Effects of self-compassion on aggression and its psychological mechanism through perceived stress. 自我同情对攻击行为的影响及其通过感知压力产生的心理机制。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02191-w
Fang Guan, Chengqing Zhan, Shanyin Li, Song Tong, Kaiping Peng

Given the increasing global concerns about aggressive behaviors and the pressing need for effective psychological interventions, this study delves into the potential of a concept deeply rooted in positive and Buddhist psychology but largely researched in Western contexts, as a mitigating factor against aggression in Chinese adults. Through three core studies involving 652 participants (age: 30.52±8.16), our research illuminated the intricate relationship between self-compassion, perceived stress, and aggression. Study 1 identified a negative correlation among these variables, setting the empirical foundation. In Study 2, participants exposed to a self-compassion exercise reported enhanced self-compassion and reduced aggression. Study 3 further consolidated these findings, with participants in the self-compassion writing group, showing notable increases in self-compassion and decreases in aggression compared to a control group. Critically, perceived stress emerged as a significant mediator between self-compassion and aggression, elucidating its central role in this dynamic. Together, our findings underscore the promise of self-compassion as a strategy to curb aggression tendencies, especially in light of its influential relationship with perceived stress, suggesting vital implications for future mental health interventions.

鉴于全球对攻击性行为的关注与日俱增,以及对有效心理干预的迫切需求,本研究深入探讨了一种深深植根于积极心理学和佛教心理学、但主要在西方背景下进行研究的概念,作为减轻中国成年人攻击性的因素的潜力。通过涉及 652 名参与者(年龄:30.52±8.16)的三项核心研究,我们的研究揭示了自我同情、感知压力和攻击性之间错综复杂的关系。研究 1 发现这些变量之间存在负相关,从而奠定了实证基础。在研究 2 中,参加自我同情练习的参与者报告说,他们的自我同情得到了增强,攻击性降低了。研究 3 进一步巩固了这些发现,与对照组相比,自我同情写作组的参与者自我同情明显增强,攻击性下降。重要的是,感知到的压力成为自我同情与攻击性之间的重要中介,阐明了自我同情在这一动态中的核心作用。总之,我们的研究结果强调了自我同情作为一种遏制攻击倾向的策略的前景,尤其是考虑到它与感知压力之间的影响关系,这对未来的心理健康干预措施具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric properties of the Maladjustment Inventory in a Spanish clinical and student sample. 适应不良量表在西班牙临床和学生样本中的心理计量特性。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02133-6
Jorge Osma, Alba Quilez-Orden, Jorge Ordóñez, Óscar Peris-Baquero, Enrique Echeburúa

Background: The various systems of diagnosis and classification of mental disorders underline the need to evaluate the interference caused by the different disorders in a person's daily life. The Maladjustment Inventory (MI) evaluates the impairment in the individual's functioning in a brief and self-applied way, through six items. The objective of this research was to explore the psychometric properties of the MI scores through two studies, one with a Spanish clinical sample (Study 1) and another with a Spanish university students' sample (Study 2).

Methods: The total sample was made up of 928 participants (81.1% women, n = 495 clinical sample). Descriptive analyses, exploration of internal structure and reliability, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, relationship with other variables (quality of life, anxiety, depression, neuroticism and extraversion), and percentiles and T-scores were performed.

Results: The results showed good psychometric properties of the MI, with a good fit model for one factor solution in both samples, Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.84-88, and evidence of validity based on the relationship with other variables.

Conclusion: The good psychometric properties of the MI, together with its brevity, make it a recommended instrument for the evaluation of interference in both clinical and research contexts.

背景:各种精神障碍的诊断和分类系统都强调有必要评估不同障碍对个人日常生活造成的干扰。适应不良量表(MI)通过六个项目,以简短和自我应用的方式评估个人功能受损情况。本研究的目的是通过两项研究,一项是针对西班牙临床样本的研究(研究 1),另一项是针对西班牙大学生样本的研究(研究 2),来探索适应不良量表评分的心理测量特性:总样本由 928 名参与者组成(81.1% 为女性,n = 495 个临床样本)。进行了描述性分析、内部结构和可靠性分析、探索性和确认性因素分析、与其他变量(生活质量、焦虑、抑郁、神经质和外向性)的关系分析、百分位数和 T 分数分析:结果表明,多元智能具有良好的心理测量特性,两个样本中的单因素解均具有良好的拟合模型,克朗巴赫α系数为 0.84-88,与其他变量的关系也证明了多元智能的有效性:结论:干扰测量法具有良好的心理测量特性,而且简明扼要,是临床和研究中评估干扰的推荐工具。
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引用次数: 0
The negative association of low subjective socioeconomic status with future orientation: the protective role of low fatalism. 低主观社会经济地位与未来取向的负相关:低宿命论的保护作用。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02173-y
Lingling Shu, Tianzi Gong, Yuting Wang, Qinggong Li, Zhiwen Xie

Background: Subjective socioeconomic status (SES), an individual's beliefs about his or her social class, is anticipated to be related to future orientation. This study proposed a moderation model to examine the relationship between subjective SES on future orientation and the protective role of low fatalism.

Methods: Two studies were conducted to test the proposed model. Specifically, in Study 1, the structured questionnaires were administered to a sample comprising 217 Chinese participants (192 females, Mage = 18.24 ± 0.63). In Study 2, the structured questionnaires and an Imaginative Scenario Test were administered to collect data among 244 Chinese participants (167 females, Mage = 18.44 ± 0.73). Regression analyses were used to explore the moderating role of fatalism in the association between subjective SES on future orientation. The Bootstrap methods were used to test the significance of these moderating effects.

Results: The results revealed two primary findings: (1) Fatalism moderated the pathway from subjective SES to future orientation. Specifically, low fatalism served as a protective factor, making low subjective SES less disruptive to their future orientation. (2) The moderating effect was primarily attributed to the "luck dimension", which was the belief that luck plays a pivotal role in determining one's fate.

Conclusions: The findings contribute to enriching the current understanding of the subjective SES on future orientation and the protective role of low fatalism.

背景:主观社会经济地位(SES),即个人对其社会阶层的看法,预计与未来取向有关。本研究提出了一个调节模型来研究主观社会经济地位与未来取向之间的关系以及低宿命论的保护作用:方法:为验证所提出的模型,我们进行了两项研究。具体来说,在研究 1 中,对 217 名中国参与者(192 名女性,年龄 = 18.24 ± 0.63)进行了结构化问卷调查。在研究 2 中,我们对 244 名中国参与者(167 名女性,年龄 = 18.44 ± 0.73)进行了结构化问卷调查和想象情景测试。回归分析用于探讨宿命论在主观社会经济地位与未来取向之间的调节作用。使用 Bootstrap 方法检验了这些调节作用的显著性:结果显示了两个主要发现:(1)宿命论调节了从主观社会经济地位到未来取向的路径。具体来说,低宿命论是一个保护性因素,它使低主观社会经济地位对未来取向的影响较小。(2)调节作用主要归因于 "运气维度",即认为运气在决定一个人的命运中起着关键作用:研究结果有助于丰富当前对主观社会经济地位对未来取向的影响以及低宿命论的保护作用的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric assessment of a Chinese version of a mindfulness practice quality measurement tool. 正念练习质量测量工具中文版的心理计量评估。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02176-9
Yuzheng Wang, Xinya Liu, Jing Chen, Youdan Zhang, Xiaoxiao Lin, Ning Wang, Jinyan Wang, Fei Luo

Background: Mindfulness training is increasingly popular in China. The challenge of evaluating mindfulness practice objectively and accurately has attracted research attention. However, previous studies in China focused primarily on the quantity rather than the quality of mindfulness training. The Practice Quality - Mindfulness (PQ-M) can provide a solution. Consequently, the present study aimed to validate and assess the internal consistency and construct validity of the Chinese version of the Practice Quality - Mindfulness (Ch-PQ-M) in a non-clinical sample.

Methods: One hundred and sixty participants (female:81) were recruited to practice 20 min of mindfulness training daily for four consecutive days and to complete the Ch-PQ-M, the State Anxiety Inventory, and the Peace of Mind Scale immediately after each mindfulness practice. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, the Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale were administered pre- and post- 4-day treatment. Construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis), internal consistency, test-retest reliability, predictive validity and construct validity were examined.

Results: Ch-PQ-M demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the established two-factor model (perseverance and receptivity). The Ch-PQ-M attention score was significantly associated with changes of trait anxiety. It improved with short-term mindfulness practice. The perseverance score consistently correlates with scores on peace of mind, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and observe and nonreactivity. The receptivity score remains consistently correlated with the nonjudging. These findings suggest that Ch-PQ-M is a valid instrument for evaluating individual mindfulness quality for a single-session practice.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Ch-PQ-M (especially for the Ch-PQ-M perseverance score) has acceptable psychometric properties and is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing mindfulness practice quality in the Chinese cultural context.

背景介绍正念训练在中国越来越受欢迎。如何客观、准确地评估正念练习的挑战引起了研究人员的关注。然而,中国以往的研究主要关注正念训练的数量而非质量。正念练习质量(PQ-M)可以提供一种解决方案。因此,本研究旨在非临床样本中验证和评估中文版正念练习质量(Ch-PQ-M)的内部一致性和建构效度:方法:招募 160 名参与者(女性:81 人),连续四天每天进行 20 分钟正念训练,并在每次正念训练后立即完成正念练习质量量表(Ch-PQ-M)、状态焦虑量表和心境平和量表。在为期四天的治疗前后,分别进行了五面正念问卷、特质焦虑量表和正负情量表的测试。对结构效度(确认性因素分析)、内部一致性、测试-再测可靠性、预测效度和结构效度进行了检验:结果:Ch-PQ-M 显示了可接受的内部一致性和重测可靠性。确认性因素分析支持已建立的双因素模型(毅力和接受能力)。Ch-PQ-M 注意力得分与特质焦虑的变化显著相关。它随着短期正念练习的进行而得到改善。毅力得分与心境平和、状态焦虑、特质焦虑以及观察和非反应性得分始终相关。接受性得分与非评判性得分保持一致的相关性。这些研究结果表明,Ch-PQ-M 是一种有效的工具,可用于评估单次正念练习的个人正念质量:我们的研究结果表明,Ch-PQ-M(尤其是 Ch-PQ-M 持之以恒得分)具有可接受的心理测量特性,是在中国文化背景下评估正念练习质量的可靠有效的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Embracing impermanence: life events, fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress in the context of the postepidemic era: a moderated mediation model. 拥抱无常:后流行病时代背景下的生活事件、对 COVID-19 的恐惧和心理困扰:调节中介模型。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02165-y
Shiyou Fu, Zhengjia Ren, Zihao Yang, Zuoshan Li, Jing Wang, Tianyi Zhao, Xinwei Huang

Objectives: To investigate the relationships between life events and psychological distress in the postepidemic era as well as the effects of fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19) and impermanence on these relationships to enrich the study of the underlying psychological mechanisms of postepidemic psychological distress and to provide a theoretical basis for scientific prevention and intervention in individuals with psychological distress.

Methods: A survey of 504 adults (71.3% female; age M = 26.87, SD = 10.70) was conducted via the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the FCV-19 Scale, the Impermanence Scale, the Anxiety Scale and the Depression Scale, and a structural equation model was established to explore the relationships between variables.

Results: The present study revealed the following: (1) there is a significant positive correlation between life events and psychological distress; (2) FCV-19 completely mediates the relationship between life events and psychological distress; and (3) impermanence moderates the mediation, regulating the path by which life events affect FCV-19 and the path by which FCV-19 affects psychological distress.

Conclusions: In the postepidemic era, impermanence can effectively mitigate the impact of life events on FCV-19 and the impact of FCV-19 on psychological distress.

研究目的研究后疫情时代生活事件与心理困扰之间的关系,以及对COVID-19(FCV-19)和无常的恐惧对这些关系的影响,以丰富对疫情后心理困扰内在心理机制的研究,为科学预防和干预心理困扰个体提供理论依据:方法:通过社会适应性评定量表、FCV-19量表、无常量表、焦虑量表和抑郁量表对504名成年人(71.3%为女性;年龄M=26.87,SD=10.70)进行调查,并建立结构方程模型探讨变量之间的关系:本研究揭示了以下内容:(1)生活事件与心理困扰之间存在显著的正相关;(2)FCV-19完全介导了生活事件与心理困扰之间的关系;(3)无常性调节了介导作用,调节了生活事件影响FCV-19的路径和FCV-19影响心理困扰的路径:结论:在后流行病时代,无常能有效缓解生活事件对 FCV-19 的影响以及 FCV-19 对心理困扰的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of questioning gender stereotype threat on girl's standing long jump performance. 质疑性别刻板印象威胁对女孩立定跳远成绩的影响。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02190-x
Elahe Naderi Dehkordi, Ebrahim Moteshareie, Behrooz Abdoli, Esmaeel Saemi, Maxime Deshayes

Background: Over the past few years, the sport psychology literature has established that gender stereotype threat (ST) is one of the factors that can impair girls' performance. However, few studies have attempted to annihilate these negative effects. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether questioning gender ST can mitigate the classical decline in girls' standing long jump (SLJ) performance.

Methods: The participants were 120 girls (Mage = 10.74 ± 0.85 years), selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups: the gender ST group (n = 40), the questioning group (n = 40), and the control group (n = 40). For all groups, baseline performance (i.e., SLJ) was measured by a female researcher following a warm-up period. In the experimental phase, the control group repeated the baseline conditions; the gender ST group completed the same test but was evaluated by a male examiner (i.e., implicit stereotype induction), while participants in the questioning group were assessed after receiving questioning statements while performing the task in front of a male examiner.

Results: The results of the present study showed that the induction of a gender ST leads to a decrease in SLJ in girls. Additionally, if these inducing conditions of gender ST are accompanied by a questioning condition, the negative effects of gender ST can be reduced, and SLJ in girls does not decline.

Conclusion: Based on our findings, this intervention is recommended as a simple, inexpensive, and quick solution for mitigating the negative effects of gender ST on girl's motor performance.

背景:在过去几年中,运动心理学文献已经证实,性别刻板印象威胁(ST)是影响女孩成绩的因素之一。然而,很少有研究试图消除这些负面影响。本研究旨在探讨质疑性别刻板印象是否能缓解女孩立定跳远(SLJ)成绩的典型下降:参与者为 120 名女孩(年龄 = 10.74 ± 0.85 岁),通过便利抽样选出,并随机分配到三组:性别 ST 组(n = 40)、质疑组(n = 40)和对照组(n = 40)。所有小组的基线成绩(即 SLJ)均由一名女性研究人员在热身后进行测量。在实验阶段,对照组重复基线条件;性别 ST 组完成同样的测试,但由男性考官进行评估(即内隐刻板印象诱导),而提问组的参与者在男性考官面前完成任务时,在接受提问陈述后进行评估:本研究结果表明,性别刻板印象的诱导会导致女孩 SLJ 的下降。此外,如果在诱导性别 ST 的条件下同时进行提问,则可以减少性别 ST 的负面影响,女孩的 SLJ 不会下降:根据我们的研究结果,建议采用这种简单、廉价、快速的干预方法来减轻性别 ST 对女孩运动表现的负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Discrimination of older peers is associated with workplace age discrimination: moderation by occupational health literacy. 对年长同龄人的歧视与工作场所的年龄歧视有关:职业健康素养的调节作用。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02163-0
Nestor Asiamah, Emelia Sarpong, Usman Yaw Baidoo, Eric Eku, Isaac Aidoo, Etornam Doamekpor, Hafiz T A Khan, Emelia Danquah, Cosmos Yarfi, Rita Sarkodie Baffoe, Christiana Afriyie Manu

Background: Workplace Age Discrimination Experienced (WADE) can be disorientating and detrimental to well-being. Hence, older employees would like to avoid it, but those who experience it may discriminate against their older peers. WADE may be associated with Age Discrimination of Peers (ADP), and this relationship can be moderated by Occupational Health Literacy (OHL).

Aim: This study aimed to assess the association of WADE with ADP and to ascertain whether this relationship is moderated by OHL.

Methods: A cross-sectional design based on a research-reporting checklist was adopted. Measures against confounding and common methods bias were utlised to avoid or minimise bias. The participants were 1025 middle-aged and older employees (average age = 58 years) who were permanent residents of Accra, Ghana. Hierarchical Linear Regression (HLR) analysis was utilised to analyse the data. Curve estimation was among the methods used to assess assumptions governing HLR analysis.

Results: WADE and OHL were positively associated with ADP, but OHL was negatively associated with WADE in the ultimate models incorporating the covariates. WADE was more positively associated with ADP at moderate and higher OHL, which signified positive moderation of the WADE-ADP relationship by OHL.

Conclusion: Older employees who experience higher age discrimination at work are more likely to discriminate against peers. OHL can be associated with lower WADE but higher ADP. Qualitative studies are needed to understand why OHL may be related to higher ADP.

背景:工作场所年龄歧视(WADE)可能会让人迷失方向,并损害身心健康。因此,年长员工都希望避免这种歧视,但经历过这种歧视的人可能会歧视年长的同龄人。WADE可能与同龄人的年龄歧视(ADP)有关,而职业健康素养(OHL)可以调节这种关系。目的:本研究旨在评估WADE与ADP的关系,并确定OHL是否可以调节这种关系:方法: 采用基于研究报告核对表的横断面设计。方法:采用基于研究报告清单的横断面设计,并采用了防止混淆和常见方法偏差的措施,以避免或尽量减少偏差。调查对象为 1025 名加纳阿克拉永久居民中的中老年雇员(平均年龄为 58 岁)。数据分析采用了层次线性回归(HLR)分析法。曲线估计是用于评估 HLR 分析假设的方法之一:在包含协变量的终极模型中,WADE 和 OHL 与 ADP 呈正相关,但 OHL 与 WADE 呈负相关。在中等和较高的 OHL 条件下,WADE 与 ADP 的正相关性更高,这表明 OHL 对 WADE-ADP 关系具有正向调节作用:结论:在工作中受到较高年龄歧视的老年员工更有可能歧视同龄人。OHL 可与较低的 WADE 值和较高的 ADP 值相关联。需要进行定性研究,以了解为什么 OHL 可能与较高的 ADP 相关。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the sense of school belonging and sportspersonship behavior of students playing traditional children's games. 对玩传统儿童游戏的学生的学校归属感和体育行为的调查。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02155-0
Ahmet Temel, Hüdaverdi Mamak, Murat Kangalgil, İbrahim Kılıçer, Cesur Erdem, Tuba Çapar, Abdulgani Özkan, Süleyman Uz

The purpose of this study is to examine the sense of school belonging and sportspersonship behaviors of students who participate in traditional children's games. The research was designed using a quasi-experimental model with a pre-test and post-test control group and was conducted over a period of 16 weeks. The study group consisted of a total of 1871 students, including 1379 middle school and 492 high school students, continuing their education in Eskil, Aksaray during the 2023-2024 academic year. The experimental group students participated in the games and inter-school tournaments within the scope of the "2nd I Live My Values with Traditional Games Project" No intervention was applied to the control group after the introduction of the games. The "School Belongingness Scale" and the "Physical Education Course Sportspersonship Behavior Scale" were used as data collection tools. For data analysis, MANOVA, paired samples t-test, and regression analysis were employed. The findings of the study indicated that both the experimental and control groups showed positive scores in pre-test and post-test measures of school belongingness and sportspersonship behaviors. However, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in their sense of school belonging and sportspersonship behaviors in favor of the post-test. While no significant change was observed in the control group's sense of school belonging, a decline was noted in their sportspersonship behaviors. The experimental group exhibited greater development in school belongingness and sportspersonship behaviors compared to the control group. Although middle school students showed improvements in their sense of school belonging, high school students experienced a more substantial emotional development. No significant differences were found in school belongingness and sportspersonship behaviors based on the students' gender. Sportspersonship behavior predicted school belongingness by 11%, suggesting that positive sportspersonship behaviors increased school attachment among children. In conclusion, it was determined that students participating in traditional children's games developed a more positive sense of school belonging and sportspersonship behaviors over time. Based on the positive outcomes of student participation in traditional games, it is recommended to promote these games, incorporate them into physical education classes, and increase participation in tournaments.

本研究旨在考察参加传统儿童游戏的学生的学校归属感和体育行为。研究采用前测和后测对照组的准实验模式,为期 16 周。研究组共有 1871 名学生,其中包括 1379 名初中生和 492 名高中生,他们于 2023-2024 学年在阿克萨赖的埃斯基尔继续接受教育。实验组学生参加了 "第二届我用传统游戏践行我的价值观项目 "范围内的游戏和校际比赛,在引入游戏后未对对照组进行干预。数据收集工具为 "学校归属感量表 "和 "体育课体育行为量表"。数据分析采用了 MANOVA、配对样本 t 检验和回归分析。研究结果表明,实验组和对照组在学校归属感和体育行为的前测和后测测量中均显示出积极的得分。然而,实验组在学校归属感和体育运动行为方面有了明显的改善,这与后测结果一致。对照组的学校归属感没有明显变化,但他们的体育行为却有所下降。与对照组相比,实验组在学校归属感和体育人际交往行为方面有了更大的发展。虽然初中生在学校归属感方面有所改善,但高中生的情感发展更为显著。在学校归属感和体育人际交往行为方面,学生的性别差异并不明显。体育人际交往行为预测了 11% 的学校归属感,这表明积极的体育人际交往行为增加了儿童的学校归属感。总之,参与传统儿童游戏的学生随着时间的推移会产生更积极的学校归属感和体育人际交往行为。基于学生参与传统游戏的积极结果,建议推广这些游戏,将其纳入体育课,并增加比赛的参与度。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation of higher right-wing authoritarianism and lower social dominance orientation with greater subjective well-being in China. 在中国,较高的右翼威权主义和较低的社会主导取向与较高的主观幸福感的相关性。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02084-y
Yanfei Hou, Haiying Ma, Xin Zhang, Xiaoxue Tan, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Huanhuan Liu

Background: The associations between authoritarian personality and subjective well-being remains understudied, especially in China. In addition, as Chinese individuals and Chinese organizations generally attach importance to authority, exploring the matching effect of individual authoritarian personality and organizational culture (OC) can provide information for career selection, talent recruitment and university enrollment. The present study aimed to test associations between authoritarian personality traits (right-wing authoritarian, RWA; social dominance orientation, SDO) and subjective well-being (SWB; including positive affect, PA; negative affect, NA; and life satisfaction, LS) at the general and component-specific levels and the possible moderating role of OC (military or nonmilitary universities) on the associations in Chinese culture for the first time.

Methods: A total of 6,580 Chinese students from military and nonmilitary universities were surveyed using the Right Wing Authoritarianism Scale, Social Dominance Orientation Scale, Campbell Index of Well-being, Patient Health Questionnaire, and Satisfaction with Life Scale.

Results: A higher score on RWA, but lower on SDO, correlated with greater SWB at both the general level and the component-specific levels. The links of RWA/SDO and positive factors (PA/LS) of SWB as well as latent SWB were moderated by the OC (being in military or nonmilitary universities). Specifically, these correlations were stronger for military than for civilian students. Further, although the moderating roles of OC existed in all three subgroups (sex, age, and socioeconomic status [SES] level), the negative link between OC and latent SWB existed in the male, younger, and high-SES individuals, while this link was not significant in female, older, and low-SES ones.

Conclusions: The present study extends the findings of the moderating roles of organizational culture on the positive RWA-SWB relationship and the negative SDO-SWB relationship in oriental cultural contexts.

背景:专制人格与主观幸福感之间的关系仍未得到充分研究,尤其是在中国。此外,由于中国人和中国组织普遍重视权威,探讨个人威权型人格与组织文化(OC)的匹配效应可为职业选择、人才招聘和大学招生提供信息。本研究旨在首次检验威权型人格特质(右翼威权型,RWA;社会主导取向,SDO)与主观幸福感(SWB,包括积极情感,PA;消极情感,NA;生活满意度,LS)在一般和特定成分水平上的关联,以及在中国文化中组织文化(军事或非军事大学)对关联可能起到的调节作用:采用右翼专制主义量表、社会主导取向量表、坎贝尔幸福指数、患者健康问卷和生活满意度量表,对来自军校和非军校的6580名中国学生进行了调查:在一般水平和特定成分水平上,RWA 得分越高,SDO 得分越低,则 SWB 越高。RWA/SDO与SWB的积极因素(PA/LS)以及潜在SWB之间的联系受到OC(就读于军事大学还是非军事大学)的调节。具体来说,军校生的相关性要强于文职学生。此外,尽管OC的调节作用在所有三个亚组(性别、年龄和社会经济地位水平)中都存在,但OC与潜在SWB之间的负相关在男性、年轻和高社会经济地位的个体中存在,而在女性、年长和低社会经济地位的个体中则不明显:本研究扩展了在东方文化背景下组织文化对 RWA-SWB 正向关系和 SDO-SWB 负向关系的调节作用。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring and comparing the relationship between maternal anxiety and children's anxiety during admission, hospitalization, and discharge in pediatric wards of Iranian hospitals. 探索和比较伊朗医院儿科病房在入院、住院和出院期间产妇焦虑与儿童焦虑之间的关系。
IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02154-1
Fatemeh Abdi, Reza Pakzad, Negin Shaterian, Masoome Ashtari, Samaneh Ashtari, Zahra Khorrami Khoramabadi, Mohammadamin Jandaghian-Bidgoli

Background: Parental anxiety levels increase during their child's hospitalization. Consequently, anxiety can disrupt parental functioning as a caregiver and potentially transfer distress to the child. This study seeks to explore how maternal anxiety affects the anxiety levels of hospitalized children across three key stages: admission, in-hospital stay, and discharge.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with hospitalized children aged 8 to 15 years their mothers. The sample size was determined based on the formula. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires and validated tools, including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS). The STAI measures state and trait anxiety, while the SCAS assesses various domains of child anxiety. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and fractional polynomial modeling to assess anxiety trends.

Results: The study involved 179 participants, with mothers averaging 36.95 years old. Most participants were homemakers (82.7%) and had less than a high school education (62.6%). The average number of children per mother was 2.02, and only 2.8% utilized assisted reproductive technologies. Maternal anxiety levels were notably high, with mean state anxiety scores decreasing slightly from 45.74 at admission to 44.53 at discharge. Trait anxiety scores followed a similar trend, averaging 42.79 at admission and dropping to 41.60 at discharge. The Spence Children's Anxiety Scale scores were relatively stable, starting at 50.93 at admission and ending at 50.89 at discharge. Severe state anxiety affected 25.7% of participants, while 11.2% experienced severe trait anxiety. Importantly, significant positive correlations were identified between maternal anxiety and children's anxiety throughout the hospitalization period.

Conclusion: This study reveals high levels of both maternal and pediatric anxiety throughout hospitalization. Mean scores for state and trait anxiety remained elevated at all stages, with significant correlations between maternal and child anxiety. These results highlight the need for targeted interventions to address and manage anxiety in both mothers and children during hospital stays. Future research should focus on strategies to mitigate these anxieties and improve support for families.

背景:在孩子住院期间,父母的焦虑程度会增加。因此,焦虑会扰乱父母作为照顾者的功能,并可能将痛苦转移给孩子。本研究旨在探讨在入院、住院和出院这三个关键阶段,母亲的焦虑如何影响住院儿童的焦虑水平:本研究对 8 至 15 岁住院儿童及其母亲进行了横断面研究。样本量根据公式确定。数据收集采用人口统计学问卷和有效工具,包括状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI)和斯彭斯儿童焦虑量表(SCAS)。STAI 测量状态和特质焦虑,而 SCAS 则评估儿童焦虑的各个领域。数据分析包括描述性统计、皮尔逊相关系数和分数多项式模型,以评估焦虑趋势:研究涉及 179 名参与者,母亲平均年龄为 36.95 岁。大多数参与者是家庭主妇(82.7%),高中以下学历(62.6%)。每位母亲平均生育 2.02 个孩子,只有 2.8%的母亲使用了辅助生殖技术。产妇的焦虑水平明显较高,平均状态焦虑得分从入院时的 45.74 分略微下降到出院时的 44.53 分。特质焦虑得分也呈类似趋势,入院时平均为 42.79 分,出院时降至 41.60 分。斯彭斯儿童焦虑量表得分相对稳定,入院时为 50.93,出院时为 50.89。25.7%的参与者有严重的状态焦虑,11.2%的参与者有严重的特质焦虑。重要的是,在整个住院期间,母亲的焦虑与儿童的焦虑之间存在明显的正相关:本研究显示,在整个住院期间,母亲和儿童的焦虑程度都很高。状态焦虑和特质焦虑的平均分在各个阶段都保持在较高水平,产妇焦虑和儿童焦虑之间存在明显的相关性。这些结果突出表明,有必要采取有针对性的干预措施,以解决和控制住院期间母亲和儿童的焦虑情绪。未来的研究应重点关注减轻这些焦虑和改善对家庭支持的策略。
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BMC Psychology
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