BMC Psychology最新文献

Background: Frailty is a significant factor affecting the quality of life of stroke patients. psychological distress is an essential factor affecting depression in stroke patients. However, the mediating role of depression between psychological distress and debilitation has not been explored.

Methods: In this study, 315 stroke patients in Shandong and Liaoning provinces were investigated by convenience sampling method from May 2024 to October 2024. Questionnaires included Frailty Scale and Psychological Distress and Depression scale.

Results: In this study, psychological distress scores (4.16 ± 2.29), depression scores (8.81 ± 4.55) and frailty scores (8.92 ± 4.09) were obtained. There was a significant positive correlation between depression and psychological distress in stroke patients (r = 0.483, P < 0.001), depression and frailty (r = 0.575, P < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between psychological distress and frailty in stroke patients (r = 0.391, P < 0.001). The direct effect of psychological distress in stroke patients was 0.264. The direct mediating effect of depression on psychological distress and frailty was 0.435.

Conclusion: This study provides further insights into the psychological mechanism of psychological distress and frailty in stroke patients. Clinicians and nurses can actively help stroke patients reduce psychological distress, reduce the depression of stroke patients, so as to reduce the occurrence of frailty and improve the quality of life of patients.

This study examines the mediating role of Occupational Future Time Perspective (OFTP) in the relationship between Career Adaptability and Mental Health among college graduates. Using a three-month, three-time-point survey of Chinese graduates (N = 905, ages 25-30), we found that Career Adaptability has a significant direct effect on Mental Health. Among OFTP dimensions, Focus on Opportunities emerged as a key mediator, highlighting its role in linking Career Adaptability to positive mental health outcomes. However, Perceived Remaining Time and Focus on Limitations did not show significant mediation effects. These findings underscore the value of fostering opportunity-focused perspectives in career counseling and educational interventions to support graduates' mental health.

Background: Tobacco use disorder (TUD) remains a global health crisis characterized by high relapse rates despite extensive cessation efforts. This study aims to enhance treatment outcomes by addressing the cognitive and neural imbalances associated with habitual and goal-directed behaviours among individuals with TUD. We hypothesise that by integrating high-intensity interval training (HIIT), cognitive remediation treatment (CRT) via app-based chess training and a standard smoking cessation program (SCP) for cognitive control and sleep quality will be improved, thereby facilitating smoking cessation.

Methods: The study will enrol 140 treatment-seeking smokers aged 18-65 years who meet the DSM-5 criteria for TUD. The participants will be randomly assigned to four groups: CRT + HIIT in the morning, CRT + HIIT in the evening, HIIT alone in the morning, and HIIT alone in the evening. Assessments will be conducted at baseline (T1), postintervention (T2), and at a three-month follow-up (T3) at the Central Institute of Mental Health in Mannheim, Germany. The primary outcomes include abstinence days or amount of alcohol consumed in cases of relapse, as well as craving reduction. Secondary outcomes include improvements in cognitive functions (working memory, response inhibition, and cognitive control), measured through neuropsychological tasks, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), polysomnography, and self-report questionnaires. The repeated-measures design allows for within-subject comparisons to evaluate intervention effectiveness.

Discussion: This study aims to provide insights into the mechanisms through which combined CRT and evening HIIT, alongside improvements in sleep quality, can enhance smoking cessation outcomes. The hypothesised benefits on cognitive control and neural activity changes are expected to support better treatment adherence and reduced relapse rates among individuals with TUD. Addressing potential challenges such as high dropout rates through comprehensive participant support is crucial for the study's success. Findings from this research could inform future therapeutic strategies for TUD, potentially advancing addiction treatment approaches. The integration of novel interventions with established cessation programs underscores the study's significance in exploring holistic approaches to improving public health outcomes related to tobacco addiction.

Trial registration: Registered at clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05726045 (Date 04.04.2024).

Background: Harmful work patterns have become a public health problem. These conditions are worrying since they can have an impact on mental health, social conflicts, and physical difficulties due to their normalization of pathological behaviors related to work addiction.

Aims: (1) determine the psychometric properties and reliability of the DUWAS and (2) evaluate valid comparisons at the construct level.

Methods: The Spanish version of DUWAS was used. For the evaluation of the psychometric model, 446 Peruvian workers responded to the Spanish version (60.5% women aged 18 to 65, M = 35.1 SD = 12.45).

Results: The unidimensional version was confirmed (x² = 67.495₍₁₄₎; CFI = 0.96; TLI = 0.95; SRMR = 0.050 and RMSEA = 0.069). The reliability was acceptable (α = 0.735; 95% CI: 0.706 - 0.762; ω = 0.741; 95% CI: 0.712 - 0.767) and measurement invariance was confirmed for sex and age groups. Concurrent validity was mostly identified with mental health indicators.

Conclusion: This study provides new information on dimensionality and the realization of valid comparisons that allow its use in Spanish-speaking workers.

Emotional intelligence plays an important role in enhancing rural kindergarten teachers' work engagement and is closely related to their emotional labor strategies and self-efficacy. The Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), the Emotional Labor Strategies Scale (ELS), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and the Work Engagement Scale (UWES) were administered to 314 rural kindergarten teachers in Henan Province, a region in central China. The results found that (1) kindergarten teachers' emotional intelligence, emotional labor strategies, self-efficacy, and work engagement showed a significant positive correlation; (2) kindergarten teachers' emotional intelligence, emotional labor strategies, and self-efficacy all significantly and positively predicted their work engagement; and (3) further Bootstrap method analyses revealed a chain-mediating effect of emotional labor strategies and self-efficacy between emotional intelligence and kindergarten teachers' work engagement.

Background: How accurate are empathic judgments of couples in smartphone messenger communication? Are judgments influenced by the level of experience with messengers and communication frequency?.

Objectives: The current preregistered study introduced a novel ecological assessment method and a privacy by design approach to study couples' empathic accuracy in a messenger context.

Methods: Data from N = 102 participants (51 couples) was used to investigate how accurate judgments of partners' affect map their partners' actual affect.

Results: Our results demonstrate tracking accuracy and assumed similarity bias in reciprocal empathic judgments of affective valence and arousal during social messenger texting. A small moderation effect for experience with text messengers was found, indicating that partners with higher experience have a higher bias of assumed similarity when rating their partner's valence. A small moderation effect for communication frequency confirms that higher messenger communication frequency is associated with more accurate judgments of arousal.

Conclusion: These results point to the reciprocal action of accuracy and bias in couples' messenger communication and the distinct influences of experience and usage. The feasibility and further application of the ecological messenger-based assessment of couples' empathic accuracy in interpersonal research are discussed.

Perceived social support is recognized as a critical protective factor against the development of mental health disorders. Anxiety disorders are the most common group of mental health disorders and have a substantial impact on individuals' well-being. Despite extensive research on anxiety and perceived social support, a significant gap exists in our understanding of the neural mechanisms linking these two phenomena. While several brain regions, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and insula, have been implicated in anxiety regulation and social support processing, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) emerges as a particularly intriguing structure due to its central role in emotional regulation and social processing.Here, we hypothesize that the mPFC serves as a potential neural substrate mediating the relationship between anxiety and perceived social support. To support our hypothesis, we conducted a literature search in the PubMed database using a systematic Boolean search strategy. In total, 43 articles met our inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies suggest that the mPFC may play an essential role in regulating the effect of perceived social support on anxiety levels. The evidence indicates that individuals with higher levels of perceived social support may exhibit enhanced regulatory control over anxiety-related processes, with the mPFC mediating this effect.Understanding the neural mechanisms that underpin the relationship between anxiety and social support is crucial for devising targeted interventions. Further investigation into mPFC's role as a candidate structure in this domain could provide invaluable insights and aid in the development of new therapeutic strategies for the management of anxiety.

Background: Learning burnout, which is a negative state of learning and seriously reduces learning engagement, has become more prevalent in online instruction. Especially during the COVID-19, loneliness during the online learning has attracted a great deal of attention from researchers, who have found that it exacerbates the risk of social media addiction and increase rates of depression. However, the relationship between loneliness and academic burnout in online formal learning has not been well explored in previous studies. Therefore, the present study explores whether and to what extent loneliness suffered by students in online formal learning triggers academic burnout, and whether there are factors that buffer the effects of loneliness on academic burnout, thus filling the gap in the current research.

Methods: Using self-reported data from 618 college students from central China through convenience sampling, this paper used hierarchical linear regression to test the direct effect of loneliness on learning burnout. Three moderation was conducted to reveal the role that 3 interesting factors (academic buoyancy, social presence and online learning duration) play in the relationship between loneliness and online learning burnout.

Results: We found that loneliness triggered burnout in online learning, while social presence relieve burnout. However, academic buoyancy, social presence and online learning duration cannot buffer against the online learning burnout caused by loneliness.

Conclusions: Loneliness in online learning should not be ignored, as it can cause different degrees of learning burnout, no matter whether learners have high or low academic buoyancy and social presence. Future research should continue to investigate how to alleviate loneliness in online learning.

This study aims to investigate the associative factors related to smartphone addiction among university students and to further examine the mediating roles of positive and negative metacognition in the relationship between anxiety factors and smartphone addiction. The researchers randomly surveyed 760 university students from three universities in Henan province of China using a structured questionnaire to measure their self-reported responses on six constructs: academic anxiety, social anxiety, future anxiety, positive metacognition, negative metacognition, and smartphone addiction. By applying the Structural Equation Modeling-Artificial Neural Network (SEM-ANN) approach, the study interprets the non-compensatory and nonlinear relationships between predictor factors and smartphone addiction. The findings underscore that negative metacognition plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between social anxiety, future anxiety, and smartphone addiction, highlighting its critical influence in this association. The study found no significant association between academic anxiety and smartphone addiction, nor did positive metacognition mediate the associations between anxiety and smartphone addiction. Furthermore, based on the normalized importance derived from the Multi-layer Perceptron, the study identified the most significant predictive factor to be negative metacognition (100%), followed by future anxiety (46.7%), social anxiety (28.0%), positive metacognition (15.7%), and academic anxiety (10.2%). Finally, the study proposes theoretical and practical implications regarding associations with smartphone addiction among university students.