BMC Psychology最新文献

The aim of this research is to investigate the dynamics of play between fathers and their preschool-aged children. The study was conducted with ten fathers residing in Istanbul and their children aged 36-72 months via a basic qualitative research design. Data were collected through the "Father‒Child Play Process Observation Form," developed by researchers, along with video recordings of each father‒child dyad. In a natural home environment, fathers and children were provided with playdough as unstructured play material, and their interactions were recorded. The data were analyzed via both descriptive and content analysis techniques. The findings indicated that fathers often directed the play process themselves, used imperative language, exhibited perfectionist tendencies, and frequently intervened both verbally and physically. The study suggests that fathers tend to adopt central and authoritative roles during play, which may limit children's opportunities for active engagement and self-directed play. In addition, it was observed that many fathers exhibited encouraging language or behaviors during play. This attitude was categorized in the study as motivational support, alongside three additional categories of positive attitudes and behaviors: responsiveness to help requests, openness to the child's lead, and asking guiding questions. It was noted, however, that only a small number of participating fathers demonstrated these positive attitudes and behaviors.

Objective: This review aimed to systematically review qualitative research examining changes in athletic identity following sports injuries.

Methods: The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. Electronic databases searched included Web of Science, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus. Manual searches were conducted using forward and backward citation tracking via Google Scholar. Study quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Data extraction and synthesis followed the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, and the ConQual approach was used to evaluate the confidence level of findings based on dependability and credibility.

Results: A total of 24 qualitative studies were included. Using a meta-aggregative approach, findings were synthesized into two overarching themes: "athletic identity disruption" (n = 17) and "athletic identity reconstruction" (n = 7). The theme of athletic identity disruption highlighted that sports injuries often lead to a diminished sense of athletic identity due to factors such as physical limitations, withdrawal from competition, and psychological distress. In contrast, the athletic identity reconstruction theme showed that some athletes rebuild their athletic identity by engaging in alternative roles, such as coaching, volunteering, or participating in new sports.

Conclusion: Sports injuries can have profound and varied effects on athletic identity. While some athletes experience disruption and identity loss, others successfully reconstruct their sense of self within the sporting context. Future research should consider more diverse study designs, such as longitudinal and mixed-methods studies, and further investigate how cultural, social, and contextual factors influence athletes' experiences of identity disruption and reconstruction.

In this era of constant change, how to motivate employees to innovate work methods, improve work efficiency, and promote the sustainable development of enterprises has become a hot topic for managers. Drawing on social cognitive theory, this study examines how employees' perception of relative leader-member exchange (RLMX) drives taking-charge behavior through the perspective of self-perception. We further investigate the mediating role of perceived insider status and the moderating roles of social comparison orientation and role-breadth self-efficacy, thereby clarifying the underlying mechanisms linking RLMX to taking-charge behavior. Using cross-sectional data from 381 employees across diverse industries in China, we test our moderated-mediation model with hierarchical regression analyses. The results show that: RLMX is positively related to taking charge behavior, perceived insider status plays a partial mediating role between RLMX and taking charge behavior, social comparison orientation moderates the impact of RLMX on perceived insider status, and role breadth self-efficacy moderates the relationship between perceived insider status and taking charge behavior. The study provides fresh empirical insights into the mechanisms linking RLMX to taking charge behavior from perspective of self-perception and suggests practical implications for enhancing employees' taking charge behavior.

Poverty is one of the challenges and barriers to children's well-being. Although studies have sought to understand many aspects of children's quality of life, there is still an urgency to comprehend Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among children of the urban poor. Therefore, concentrating on urban poverty in Malaysia, the study aims to investigate the issue by comprehensively analysing how gender, age conceptualised as adolescent category, number of siblings, internet access, and the extent of family healthy living style affect the children's HRQoL measured as psychological, physical, friends, family and school relationship. Data was collected by surveying 855 children aged 7 to 17 under parental supervision. The findings suggest that boys scored lower than girls in psychological, family, peer, and school domains compared to girls. Age-related variations emerged in physical, friends, and school dimensions. In terms of the number of siblings, differences were evident between 0 and 2 siblings and more than six siblings' groups, impacting HRQoL across all HRQoL domains. Internet access and a healthy family setting are related to enhanced HRQoL. The study and its findings enrich theoretical discourse that aligns with established child development theories. Likewise, practical intervention strategies could be developed to benefit urban children navigating poverty-associated challenges. Future research may compare the study settings of urban and rural differences or evaluate policy intervention effectiveness.

Introduction: War has a profound impact on women, leading to gang rape, sexual violence, and the deliberate destruction of healthcare facilities, underscoring the urgent need for comprehensive solutions. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of socially isolated survivors of sexual assault during the war in North Wollo Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia.

Methods: A qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach was used to achieve the study's objectives. Study participants were recruited using purposive sampling. A total of 25 participants were involved. Data was collected through focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews. The data were transcribed, coded, organized, and then analyzed and interpreted using thematic analysis.

Results: The results of this study reveal that socially isolated women who survived sexual assault during wartime often experienced abuse, segregation, and demoralization. Furthermore, these survivors faced significant psychological and social challenges, including feelings of helplessness, isolation, loss of dignity, and diminished self-confidence. Coping strategies identified by the participants included placing trust in God, seeking guidance from religious leaders, sharing their experiences with friends, elders, and experts, and participating in coffee ceremonies as a means of communal support.

Conclusion: The trauma of war-related sexual violence has led to significant psychological, physical, and health impacts. Survivors report high levels of isolation, degradation, and mistreatment. Given service disruptions, international support is crucial, and adopting successful approaches from other countries is recommended. Comprehensive rehabilitation services from governmental and non-governmental agencies are essential for supporting these vulnerable individuals.

Background: Against the backdrop of building an education powerhouse, this study aims to explore the relationship between moral education and anomie behaviors in university physical education classes, and to examine the serial mediating role of attitudes toward sports norms and self-efficacy in this relationship.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2,340 undergraduate students from 20 universities across the country. The collected data were organized and analyzed using SPSS Statistics 27.0.

Results: Moral education exerted a significant negative predictive effect on anomie behaviors in physical education classes. This influence was primarily mediated through the serial mediation pathway of attitudes toward sports norms and self-efficacy. The effect sizes for these three pathways were -0.051, -0.018, and -0.013, accounting for 45.54%, 16.07%, and 11.61% of the total effect, respectively.

Conclusion: Moral education directly influences anomie behaviors in university physical education classes. Attitudes toward sports norms and self-efficacy for sports-related norms play a serial mediating role in the relationship between moral education and anomie behaviors in physical education classes.