BMC Psychology最新文献

Background: Compared to their healthy counterparts, hospitalized older adults with functional impairments face a heightened risk of suicidal ideation due to disease-related pain, loss of independence, and reduced social engagement, positioning them as a high-risk demographic for suicide. However, extant research has predominantly focused on generally healthy older populations, leaving a significant gap regarding those with substantial functional limitations. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of suicidal ideation among hospitalized older adults with functional disabilities.

Methods: We conducted a two-part mixed-methods study. After hospital manager approval, we surveyed the suicide ideation of 717 hospitalized older adults with functional impairments. We carried out participatory observation with 4 hospitals and semi-structured interviews with 10 hospitalized older adults with functional impairments to elicit detailed information on the process leading to suicidal ideation.

Results: The prevalence of suicidal ideation among hospitalized older adults with functional impairments was notably high (17.4%). The quantitative and qualitative findings corroborate and complement each other. Factors significantly associated with suicidal ideation (p < 0.05) included lower monthly income, bad family relationships, high experiential avoidance, high depressive symptoms, and low resilience. Through qualitative analysis, three overarching categories of influencing factors were identified: vulnerability factors, risk factors, and protective factors.

Conclusions: Given the high prevalence of suicidal ideation among hospitalized older adults with functional impairments, it is imperative for healthcare professionals to prioritize monitoring those with identified vulnerability factors, promptly recognize emerging risk factors, and actively leverage protective factors to implement tailored interventions aimed at mitigating suicidal ideation.

Background: Understanding the interplay between parental and adolescent depression and anxiety is crucial for disrupting the intergenerational cycle of mental health challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings. Mental health literacy (MHL) may serve as a key mechanism in this process.

Methods: A cross-sectional study collected data from 4632 adolescents and 4412 parents through online questionnaires between September 2023 and March 2024 in Guizhou Province, China. The Mental Health Literacy Scale was used to measure MHL for both parents and adolescents. Parental mental health was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Adolescents' anxiety was measured using the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders, and their depression was assessed with The Children's Depression Inventory.

Results: The study found that adolescents' depression and anxiety symptoms were negatively associated with both their own and their parents' MHL. The parental depression was significantly associated with adolescents' depression and anxiety, while parental anxiety was associated with both adolescents' depression and anxiety. In the mediation model analysis, both parents' and adolescents' MHL were found to mediate the associations between parental depression and adolescents' depression and anxiety. Furthermore, parents' MHL also mediated the associations between parental anxiety and adolescents' depression and anxiety.

Conclusions: These findings reveal that MHL mediates the relationship between parental and offspring mental health and may play a protective role. It particularly emphasizes the awareness of mental illness recognition, seeking information, the availability of professional help, and stigmatizing attitudes towards mental disorders as key areas for intervention.

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is closely linked to various psychological problems and is prevalent among Chinese college students. NSSI urge refers to the strong desire to engage in NSSI and is recognised as a key predictor of NSSI, serving as an important target for NSSI intervention. This study aimed to investigate the association between family functioning and NSSI urges among Chinese college students to offer insights into the development of interventions for NSSI.

Methods: Two follow-up surveys at a 6-month interval were conducted with a cohort of 1,531 college students. The instruments used were the Chinese versions of the Family Functioning Scale, Alexian Brothers Urge to Self-Injure Scale, Ego Depletion Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Growth Mindset Scale. NSSI urges and the growth mindset were assessed only at T2.

Results: The findings revealed a significant negative correlation between family functioning and NSSI urges in college students. After controlling for variables such as gender and age, depression had a significant independent mediating effect (indirect effect = - 0.056, 95% CI [-0.084, - 0.036]); ego depletion and depression showed a chain mediating effect (i.e., indirect path through ego depletion and depression, indirect effect = - 0.037, 95% CI [-0.056, - 0.025]). The growth mindset moderated the latter half of the pathway of 'Family Functioning → Depression → NSSI urges' (interaction β = - 0.16).

Conclusions: The study highlighted the role of family functioning in influencing NSSI urges, with ego depletion and depression serving as chain mediators. These findings provide theoretical and empirical evidence for formulating NSSI interventions that enhance college students' family functioning, reduce ego depletion and depression, and boost the growth mindset.

This study examines the mediating role of psychological flexibility and vulnerability variables in the relationships between multiple-screen addiction and depression, anxiety, and stress. Data were collected from 309 high school students (M age = 16.13, SD = 1.40; 57% girls, 43% boys). Analyses were conducted using SPSS 25 and Hayes Model 4. Data were collected using the Multi-Screen Addiction Scale (MSA), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Psychological Vulnerability Scale, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II). Findings show that students with MSA and high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress have low levels of psychological flexibility and high levels of psychological vulnerability. More importantly, psychological flexibility and vulnerability were found to play a fully mediating role in this relationship. As a result, it seems that strengthening psychological flexibility and reducing vulnerability have a significant effect in reducing the adverse effects of depression, anxiety, and stress caused by MSA in students. These findings can provide necessary guidance in developing intervention programs and school policies.

Background: Psychological flexibility and inflexibility (PF/PI) are increasingly targeted in clinical and preventive interventions as processes relevant to both flourishing and distress. However, brief multidimensional measures that assess both constructs and are developmentally appropriate for children and younger adolescents remain scarce. This study investigated the dimensionality of PF/PI in early and mid-adolescence, and conducted a preliminary structural validation of a brief questionnaire for potential use in school settings.

Methods: Data were drawn from a cross-sectional sample of 1,289 Finnish lower secondary school students in grades six, eight, and nine. Eighteen items adapted from the Children's Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (CPFQ) were administered before a digital mathematics assessment. Both exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with tests of measurement invariance were conducted using a split sample approach. Internal consistency was evaluated using alpha and omega coefficients, and average inter-item correlations.

Results: The iterative item retention process resulted in a three-factor nine-item solution (CPFQ-9) that met predefined psychometric criteria and was replicated with CFA. The model included two modestly correlated PF factors (1) committed action with awareness, 2) acceptance and defusion) and one largely independent PI factor (3) self-judgment and fusion). Configural, metric and partial scalar invariance were supported across grade and gender. Subscale internal consistency were questionable to borderline acceptable but average inter-item correlations were within recommended ranged for shorter scales.

Conclusions: Findings suggest that a brief, multidimensional measure can capture developmentally relevant flexibility- and inflexibility-related processes in early and mid-adolescence. Further work is needed to establish convergent, divergent, and predictive validity, test-retest reliability, and applicability in younger age groups and contexts, before the CPFQ-9 can be considered a robustly validated, developmentally sensitive measure.

Background: The number of adolescents with depression has increased in mental health services over the past decade. New intervention options are needed for these patients.

Method: Patients aged 13 to 17 years with depression are recruited from adolescent mental health services. Participants will be randomized into two groups. The treatment group will attend dance movement therapy for 12 weeks in addition to treatment as usual, while the control group will receive treatment as usual. The outcome measures include questionnaires and interviews assessing depression symptoms and body image. The primary outcome measures are the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-21) and the Young Person's Clinical Outcome in Routine Evaluation (YP-CORE). Additional measures include the Adolescent Depression Rating Scale (ADRS) and a body image scale.

Discussion: This study will provide information about the effectiveness of dance-movement therapy for adolescents with depression in a naturalistic environment. Variety in the choice of therapies may aid in quicker improvement and prevent prolonged depression.

Trial registration: This protocol was registrated 29.8.2022 at ClinicalTrials.gov. with identifier. Clinical trial number 07293806.